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YACHTMASTER FOR SAIL 6- POWER

ALlSON NOICE

LLRC

ADlARD COlES NAUTICAL LONDON

Acknowledgements vi Introduction vii RYA Cruising Scheme viii

Chapter 1 Charts 1 Chapter 2 The compass 15 Chapter 3 The electronic revolution 23 Chapter 4 Finding the position - where are we? 33 Chapter S Tidal heights - will we stay afloat? 41 Chapter 6 Tidal streams 53 Chapter 7 Estimated position - where we think we are 60 Chapter 8 Course to steer - How do we get there? 67 Chapter 9 Lights and buoyage - the signposts 75 Chapter 10 Pilotage 83 Chapter 11 Weather to go - or not to go? 93 Chapter 12 Fog & heavy weather 116 Chapter 13 Buoyancy & stability 123 Chapter 14 Anchoring, mooring & berthing 129 Chapter lS Passage planning 137 Chapter 16 Safety & survival 146 Chapter 17 Communications, GMDSS & distress 165 Chapter 18 Anti-collision rules - the highway code 173 Chapter 19 Bends & hitches 199

Answers to questions 202 Glossary of sailing terms 212

Appendix A Medical equipment for a cruising boat 217 Appendix B Recommended equipment for offshore cruising boats 218 AppendixC Safety briefing check list 220 Appendix 0 Coastal Skipper and Yachtmaster Shorebased Syllabus 222

Index 225

action to avoid collision 178 Admiralty chart booklet 5011 13 Admiralty charts 5 advection fog 107 alarms on sounders 27 almanac 88 alternating lights 78 anabatic wind 106 anchor

holding power 130 types 129-30 preparing 133

anchored vesse ls 192 anchoring 128-36, 133-4

where to 133 . angle of vanishing stability (AVS) 124 antenna, radar 28 anti-collision rules 173-200 anticyclones 104

BBC Shipping Forecast 109 beacons 78-82 bearings, taking 38 Beaufort Scale 112 bends (knots) 199-201 berthing 134-6 boat handling in heavy weather 122 bowline (knot) 200 brilliance 29 Bruce anchor 129 buntline coil 199 buoyage 78-82,83-4 buoyancy 123-7 burgee 143 Buys Ballot's Law 103

cables 2 ca lculating height of tide by computer 47 calculating tidal stream by computer 56 ca rdinal marks 80 centre of buoyancy 123 centre of gravity 123 chain 131 channels for VHF 166

charted depths and heights 6, 43 charted height 43 charter agreement 142 chart 1-14, 138

correcting 8 correction equipment 10 datum 42 Guernsey 88 measuring angles 10 plotter 7,36, 91 scales 6 source data 6 symbols 13 types of 5-7

checklist for sa fety briefing 220 circulation of air 97 cirrus 100 clearing bearings 84 clearing ranges using radar 85 clouds 99-102 clove hitch 201 Coastal Skipper syllabus 122-3 coastal stations 111 coastal winds 105 cold front 103 communications 165-74 compass 15-22

deviation 18-21 error 18-21 rose 11 variation 17-18

computer sohware for calculating height of tide 47 for calcula ting tidal stream 56

conduct of vessels in sight of one another 180 contrast (radar) 29 convergence air flow 97 course over the ground (COG) 71 course to steer 67-72 courtesy flag 143 COR anchor 1 29 cross track error (XTE) 24,35,72 crossing situation 183 cross-tide passages 69

cumulus cloud 99 cursor, radar 31 Customs,foreign 143

Danforth anchor 129 dead reckoning posit ion (DR) 60 Delta anchor 129 depress ions 98-9 depth contours 87 depth sounders 27 deviation, compass 18-21 dew point 95 Differential Global Positioning System

(DGPS) 24 Dig ital Selective Calling (DSC) 165,1 68 direction of buoyage 78 directional lights 75 display, radar 30 distance logs 25-6 distress (Mayday) 168 distress signals 197 divergence 97 documentation for cruising 142 double sheet bend 200 drogue 159 drying height 43 Duplex 166

electronic bearing line, radar 31 electronic charts 7-10

formats 9-10 correcting 10

electronic compass 16 Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon

(EPIRB) 170 ensign 143 equinoxes 44 equipment for a cru ising boat 218-9 estimated position 60-5

when out or sight of land 64 calculating 62-4

estimated time of arrival 69 expiry date offlares 157

figure of eight knot 200 fire 151-3 fire blanket 153 f ire extinguishers 152 Firmware 7 fi rst aid equipment 1 SS, 217 fisherman anchor 130

fi shing vessels, lights of 180 nag etiquette 143 nares 1 S6-8 flashing lights 77 Auxgate compass 16 fog 107-9,1 16-18 forecast charts 11 3 foreign charts 6 foreign Customs 143 fractus cloud 100 free surface effect 126 fuel range 138

gain 29 ga le warnings 109 gas cookers 154 gate valve for seacock 1 SS general synopsis (weather) 11 0 g lobal air circulation 96 Global Maritime Distress & Safety System

(GMDSS) 166-7 Global Positioning System (GPS) 23-4,

33,71 glossary 212 gnomonic projection 4 GPS 23-4, 71

cross track error 24 position finding 33

grapnel anchor 130 Greenw ich 3 ground tackle 131-2 Guernsey pilotage plan 88-90

hand bearing compass 16,84 handheld flares 156 harbour regulations 87 harnesses 147-8 head-on situation 182 heavy weather 119-22

boat handling 122 sail shortening 121 stowage 120

heeling error 22 height of tide,calculating by computer 47 height of tide, find ing 45-6 helicopter rescue 161 high pressure areas 97 hitches 199-201 hor izontal datums 4-5 hull shape 125

IALA buoyage system 78 Imray charts 6

l"mafSat 172 insurance 143 International Certificate of Competence (lCC) 143 International Date line 3 International Regulations for Preventing

Collisions at Sea 173-200 internet sites 137

weather forecasts 114, 115 interpolating rate of tidal stream 55-6 Intership working (speaking to another boat)

169-70 isolated danger marks 81 isophase lights 77

jib,storm 121

katabatic wind 106 kedge anchor 130 knots 199-201

land breeze 105 landmarks 90 laptop computers lateral marks 78 latitude 2, 33-4 laying a second anchor 133 leading lines 19 lee bowing 144 leeway 60-2, 71 lifeboat rescue 160 life rafts 158-60 light characteristics 77 lighthouses 74-6 lights and shapes, navigation 185-94 lights, alternating 78 lights, fixed 77 lights, flashing 77 lights, isophase 77 lights, occulting 77 local winds 105-6 log calibration 26 longitude 2-3,33-4 lowest astronomical tide (LAT) 42

magnetic anomalies 21 making fast alongside 134-5 Man Overboard 148-50 Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MeA) signals 162-3

mean high water springs (MHWS) 43 measuring angles on a paper chart 10 med',cal equ"pment 217 medicines 21 7 Mediterranean moor 136 Mercator projection 1,3-4 meridians of longitude 2-3 MHWS43 minutes of latitude 2 mooring 128-36 morse code and lights77 mountain winds 106

narrow channels 178 nautical miles 2 navigation on passage 144 navigation lights and shapes 185-94 Navtex 113-14, 172 neap tides 41 nimbus clouds 99 nominal range 74

occluded frontal systems 99 occulting lights 77 orange smoke fiares 157 overfalls 53 overloading a boat 126 overtaking 181

paddle wheel log 25-6 paper charts 5 paper charts, measuring angles 10 parachute flares 156 parallels of latitude 2 passage planning 137-45 Personal Location Beacons (PLBs) 149 personal safety 146 pilot books 14,88, 138 pilotage 83-92 plan 88-90

plotters, chart 36 plotting

course 69 a fix 39 pOSition 63 symbols 64-5 tidal vector triangles 67-9

plough anchor 129 polar front 97 port entry signals 87 Portland plotters 11 -12

ports of refuge 138 Portsmouth to Guernsey passage plan 139 position lines 36 position-finding 33-40 position-fixing with radar 31 preferred channel marks 79 pressure logs 26 pyrotechnics 156-8

Q flag 144 radar 28-31

display 30 for clearing ranges 85 range and range rings 31 reflectors 11 8 variable range marker and electronic

bearing line (VRM and EBL) use in fog 116

radiation fog 108 rafting up 134 range and bearing to a waypoint 35 range,radar 31 raster charts 9 Recreational Craft Directive (RCD) 125 reef knot 199 reflector, radar 29 registration certificate 143 resonant rolling 127 restricted visibili ty, conduct of vessels in 184-5 rhumb line 3 righting lever 124 righting moment curve 125 rip tides 53, 120 rising and dipping distances 76 risk of collision 177 rolling hitch 201 ropework 199-201 round turn and two half hitches 199 Rule ofTwelfths 51 RYA courses viii -x

safe speed 176 sa fe water marks 81 Safety (Securite) 169 safety 146-64

briefing checklist 220 harnesses 147-8

sail, shortening in heavy weather 121 SAR helicopter 161-3 Satell ite Different ial Ground Position System

(SDGPS) 25

sea areas 110 sea breeze 105 sea clutter control 30 seacocks 154 Search and Rescue Transponder (SART) 171 secondary depressions 103 secondary ports 44, 47-9 sectored lights 75 securing a rope to a cleat 201 shallow water effect on tide 54 ship's log 142 ship's radio licence 143 Simplex 166 single sheet bend 200 sonic logs 26 sound and light signals 192-7 sounders, depth 27 special marks 82 speed of tidal stream 53-4 'spiders web' plotting 35 spring tides 41 stability 123-7

hazards 126 standard ports 44 Stanfords 5 steering and sailing rules 176-85 steering compass 15-16 storm jib 121 stowage in heavy weather 120 stowage of anchor, chain and warp 132 stratocumulus ' 00 stratus cloud 99 strong winds 119 survival 146-64 swamping a boat 126 Swanage to Selsey tidal anomalies 50 syllabus for Coastal Skipper and Yachtmaster

Shorebased 122-3 symbols and abbreviations on charts 13

three-point fixes 37-9 tidal anomalies 50 tidal curves 44 tidal diamonds 54 tida l flow, observing 57 t idal heights 139 'tidal hour' 58 tidal races 53, 120 tidal range 44 tidal stream atlases 55,58 tidal streams 53-9, 139

.. ) ....

tides 41 -52 tables 44-7

topmarks 78, 79,80,81

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Traffic Separation Schemes 179 transits 36,84 transverse Mercator projection 4 t rip line 134 true and appa rent wind 119 trysail , storm 121 tuning 29

UK Customs regulations 141 Urgency (Pa n Pan) 169

variation, compass 17-18 vector charts 9-10 VFH radio weather forecasts 11 4 VHF rad io 165-6

weather forecasts 114

warm front 102 warning signals 193

watch keeping 140 water vapour 95 w eather 93-11 5

for passage planning 137 weather forecasts 109-15

for passage planning 137 internet 114, 115 Navtex 113-14 sea areas 110 terms 109,111 VHF radio 114 websites 115

websites for weather forecasts 115 WGS 84 5 white hand held ft ares 157 w ind Row 97 wind speed 112-3 w indlasses 132

yachtman's almanacs 14 Yacht master Shorebased syllabus 122-3

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