AHM’04, Nottingham

Designing Grid-Enabled Image Registration Services for MIAKT

Yalin Zheng, Christine Tanner, Derek L. G. Hill, David J.

Hawkes

Division of Imaging Sciences, King's College London, UK

AHM’04, Nottingham

MIAKTAim: to develop a collaborative

problem solving environment in medical informatics

Application: support surgeons, radiologists, pathologists and oncologists in the detection, diagnosis and management of breast cancer

AHM’04, Nottingham

MIAKT Overview

AHM’04, Nottingham

Image Registration To establish spatial correspondence between

images and possibly physical space Application: Contrast-enhanced breast MRI

pre-contrast post-contrast difference after registration

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Image registration of contrast-enhanced breast MR images

User friendlyIntegrated with other standard

assessment toolsAccessible from many hospitalsAcceptable response time for a

small number of casesConsistent and well validated

AHM’04, Nottingham

Design ofImage Registration Service

AHM’04, Nottingham

Image Registration TechniqueNon-rigid registration is based on

evenly spaced control points interpolated by B-Splines

Rueckert D. et al, IEEE TMI, vol. 18(8), pp. 712-721, 1999.

Accuracy for registering contrast-enhanced breast MR images has been carefully validated

Schnabel J. et al, IEEE TMI, vol. 22(2), pp. 238-247, 2003.

Tanner C. et al, MICCAI02, pp. 307-314, 2002.http://www-ipg.umds.ac.ukhttp://www.imageregistration.com

AHM’04, Nottingham

WorkflowA simple and validated workflow is

provided for registering breast MR imagesIndividual registration of left and right sideLesion alignment: rigid registration followed by

non-rigid registration with 40mm control point spacing (~0.5 hours)

Whole breast alignment: 10mm multi-resolution registration (rigid -> 20mm non-rigid -> 10mm non-rigid) (~2.8 hours)

Optimal parameter as defaultsMakes service consistent and user-friendly

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as above

Workflow

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Response Time Requirement30 minutes to 3 hours per side x 2 sides x

5 images = 5 hours to 30 hours on single machine

BUT, want results within hours not days10 individual jobs -> distribute them on 10

machinesCondor 6.4.5

Distributes jobs to available machinesJob priority and dependencyFault tolerance (checkpointing, rollback

recovery)

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Accessibility RequirementMany hospitalsService and images at different sitesGlobus Toolkit 2.4

SecurityResource Management

Combine condor and globus (Condor-G)

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Security Requirement Communications among organizations over

Internet are essential for Grid applications, but Internet may be untrusted

Globus with FirewallConfigurations on firewall are required on both

Client and Server sides to allow communications between them

Issues:• System admin should gain experiences for open ports

required by Globus, e.g., 2811, 2119 and others• Great care should be taken to ensure security

- Von Welch ,Globus Toolkit Firewall Requirements

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Integrated ServiceTomcat Web Server, JSP/ServletWSDL file defines registration serviceClients can dynamically invoke the

servicesRegistration submissionRegistration monitoring

MIAKT calls it via SOAP through a Web-Service invocation architecture

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Configuration Overview

Globus Server

(Job Manager,

GSI-FTP etc.)

Tomcat Web

Server Engine

CondorSubmit

Machine

Successfully integrated with MIAKT demonstrator (Southampton

booth)

AHM’04, Nottingham

Multi-Centre TrialMARIBS: to test if MRI is an effective

way of screening young women with high risk of breast cancer1500 women (35-49 yrs old) with

high breast cancer riskAnnual MRI as well as X-ray

mammograms for up to five years17 major screening centres

AHM’04, Nottingham

MIAKT Overview

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Segmentation refinement and classification of MR

breast lesions

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Classification

of MR Breast Lesions

FeaturesShapeMarginsEnhancement PatternContrast-change

Characteristics

pre post-pre

malignant

Time

Inte

nsi

ty

benign

suspiciousTime

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MotivationSegmentation Refinement

Feature extraction requires segmentation of MR breast lesion

Manual segmentation labour-intensive and difficult for 4D data

Derive most probable region from crude outline of lesion

OverallSupport radiologists in the diagnosis of MR

breast lesionsEase creation of large databases of

annotated MR breast lesions with known ground truth (pathology / follow up)

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Extract most probable region from 4D data of crude outline

– Tanner C., MICCAI, September 2004

Derive features from segmented region Classifier: Linear discriminate analysis

and leave-one-out ROC training Online retraining of classifier MATLAB program called from a Tomcat

Web-Service implementation

Functionality & Design

AHM’04, Nottingham

Results

Gold Standard

Refined

Initial

pre post1-pre post4-pre

Segmentation

Classification Accuracy 10 benign, 16 malignant cases from MARIBS data

set 69% for features from gold standard segmentation 82% for features from refined segmentation

Result

MIAKT demonstrato

r

AHM’04, Nottingham

Conclusions

KCL servicesGRID-enabled Image Registration ServiceSegmentation Refinement and Classification

Service for MR Breast Lesions

Services were successfully integrated with the MIAKT demonstrator

Future: from demonstrator to clinical usability

AHM’04, Nottingham

Thank you! Funding from EPSRC

MIAKT MIAS-IRC

MIAKT collaborators University of Southampton

• Sri Dasmahapatra, David Dupplaw, Bo Hu, Hugh Lewis, Paul Lewis, Nigel Shadbold,

University of Sheffield• Kalina Bontcheva, Fabio Ciravegna, Yorick Wilks

Open University• Liliana Cabral, John Domingue, Enrico Motto

University of Oxford• Mike Brady, Maud Poissonnier

Clinical Support Guy’s Hospital London

• Nick Beechy-Newman, Corrado D’Arrigio, Annette Jones