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Application of Surface-water Application of Surface-water Modeling System (SMS) on River Modeling System (SMS) on River

Stream:Stream:A Case Study in Brantas RiverA Case Study in Brantas River

Mohammad Sholichin Mohammad Sholichin (1)(1), Faridah Othman , Faridah Othman (2)(2)

(1) Lecturer, Water Resources Department, Engineering Faculty-Brawijaya (1) Lecturer, Water Resources Department, Engineering Faculty-Brawijaya UniversityUniversity

(2) Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia(2) Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia

(3) Postgaduate Student, Departement Civil Engineering, Universiti Malaya(3) Postgaduate Student, Departement Civil Engineering, Universiti Malaya

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AbstractAbstract

Water pollution has been a crucial problem Water pollution has been a crucial problem in many countries and has attracted in many countries and has attracted researcher’s attention from over the world. researcher’s attention from over the world.

This paper describes the simulation of BOD This paper describes the simulation of BOD concentration as one parameter of water concentration as one parameter of water pollutant at Brantas River. pollutant at Brantas River.

The main objective of this study is to apply The main objective of this study is to apply the SMS (Surface-water Modeling System)-the SMS (Surface-water Modeling System)-model to Brantas River and to predict the model to Brantas River and to predict the status of water quality at Brantas River status of water quality at Brantas River

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1. Introduction1. Introduction River system is a major source of water supply; River system is a major source of water supply;

agricultural, urban water need and industry, etc. agricultural, urban water need and industry, etc. Water quality assessment of river system are Water quality assessment of river system are become critical throughout the country and there is become critical throughout the country and there is a real concern about the sustainable supply of a real concern about the sustainable supply of quality of water and health of water bodies. quality of water and health of water bodies.

Most condition of river in several places is of Most condition of river in several places is of degradation quality, due to the contaminations from degradation quality, due to the contaminations from domestic pollutant, industrial, and agriculture. domestic pollutant, industrial, and agriculture.

Point source pollutant or rather pollutants are Point source pollutant or rather pollutants are associated with a point location such as a toxin associated with a point location such as a toxin waste spill site has received the greatest attention in waste spill site has received the greatest attention in the past because of obvious severity of their impact the past because of obvious severity of their impact at a localized point at a localized point

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2. Study Area2. Study Area

The Brantas River Basin is the most The Brantas River Basin is the most urbanized region in Indonesia. About 16 urbanized region in Indonesia. About 16 million people live in the Brantas catchment million people live in the Brantas catchment area and depend on its resources. The area and depend on its resources. The Brantas River with a total length of 320 km Brantas River with a total length of 320 km and a catchment area 11.050 km2 is the and a catchment area 11.050 km2 is the second largest river of Java. It functions as second largest river of Java. It functions as the most importance source of water supply the most importance source of water supply in the east Java province. in the east Java province.

A case study presented is located in Brantas A case study presented is located in Brantas River especialy in middle area with length of River especialy in middle area with length of 6 km before Jongbiru water quality station 6 km before Jongbiru water quality station recorder, Kediri City.recorder, Kediri City.

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Location of study case : Location of study case : Brantas River Basin - East JavaBrantas River Basin - East Java

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3. Methodology3. Methodology

Pre-fieldwork, Pre-fieldwork, This stage includes problem identification, literature This stage includes problem identification, literature

review, data collection from previous study and review, data collection from previous study and literature, analysis of available and required dataliterature, analysis of available and required data

FieldworkFieldwork This phase includes in-site analysis of water samples This phase includes in-site analysis of water samples

for BOD parameter and handling for analyses in for BOD parameter and handling for analyses in environmental Laboratory; discharge measurement environmental Laboratory; discharge measurement for river and outlet of point source pollutant. for river and outlet of point source pollutant.

SimulationSimulation This phase includes preparation input data, set-up of This phase includes preparation input data, set-up of

model; model runs, model calibration; analysis of model; model runs, model calibration; analysis of running program of SMS and comparison whit running program of SMS and comparison whit observation water quality data. Finally, analysis observation water quality data. Finally, analysis result and conclusion will be made for the study area. result and conclusion will be made for the study area.

The research methodology can be distributed as following:The research methodology can be distributed as following:

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4. Surface-water Modeling 4. Surface-water Modeling SystemSystem

SMS (surface-water modeling system) is a SMS (surface-water modeling system) is a comprehensive environment for one-, two-, and comprehensive environment for one-, two-, and three-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling. three-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling.

New enhancements and developments continue New enhancements and developments continue at the at the Environmental Modeling Research Laboratory (EMRL) at Brigham Young University (formerly (EMRL) at Brigham Young University (formerly known as the Engineering Computer Graphics known as the Engineering Computer Graphics Laboratory) in cooperation with the U.S. Army Laboratory) in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station (USACE-WES), and the U.S. Federal Station (USACE-WES), and the U.S. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).Highway Administration (FHWA).

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SMS modelSMS model

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5. Results5. Results

The simulation results of this model are The simulation results of this model are

shown below: shown below: Simulation of water elevation distribution a Simulation of water elevation distribution a

long streamlong stream Simulation of velocity distribution a long Simulation of velocity distribution a long

stream stream Simulation of BOD concentration a long Simulation of BOD concentration a long

stream.stream.

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Graph of water elevation distribution a long the Graph of water elevation distribution a long the streamstream

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Graph of velocity distribution a long the stream Graph of velocity distribution a long the stream

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Graph of BOD concentration a long the streamGraph of BOD concentration a long the stream

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6. Conclusion6. Conclusion

Application of surface-water modeling system with Application of surface-water modeling system with RM4 Sub-Model for prediction of Brantas River RM4 Sub-Model for prediction of Brantas River could be done with calibration and validation of could be done with calibration and validation of observed water quality and discharge data recorder observed water quality and discharge data recorder

In general, the water quality of middle Brantas In general, the water quality of middle Brantas River hasn’t been in heavy pollution status yet, in River hasn’t been in heavy pollution status yet, in compare with class B-surface water quality compare with class B-surface water quality standard. Slightly Polluted. standard. Slightly Polluted.

Surface-water modeling system was successfully Surface-water modeling system was successfully for prediction of concentration BOD a long stream for prediction of concentration BOD a long stream of middle Brantas River, but result values was over of middle Brantas River, but result values was over estimation compared whit observed data recorder.estimation compared whit observed data recorder.

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