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Discussion
1. What is the difference between assessment and evaluation?
2. What is a test?3. How many kinds of test are there?4. What are the qualities of a good
test?
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Testing, Assessing, and Teaching
Assessment vs. Evaluation As teachers, when we carry out assessment,
we have to measure the performance of our students and progress they make. We also need to diagnose the problems they have and provide our learners with useful feedback.
Evaluation involves looking at all the factors that influence the learning process, such as syllabus objectives, course design, materials, methodology, teacher performance and assessment.
What is a test?
A test, in simple terms, is a method of measuring a person’s ability, knowledge, or performance in a domain.
(Brown, 2004)
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What is teaching?
Teaching is guiding and facilitating
learning, enabling the learner to learn,
setting conditions for learning. (Brown,
2007)
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Types of Assessment
Informal Assessment• Carried out by the teacher not under special
test conditions, but in the normal classroom environment
• Can take a number of forms, starting with incidental, unplanned comments and responses, along with impromptu feedback to the student
What are some examples of informal assessment?
Formal Assessments• exercises or procedures specifically
designed to tap into a storehouse of skills and knowledge.
• Systematic, planned sampling techniques constructed to give teacher and student an appraisal of student achievement.
• All tests are formal assessments, but not all formal assessment is testing.
What are some examples of formal assessment?
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Formative Assessment• Evaluating students in the process of forming
their competencies and skills with the goal of helping them to continue that growth process.
• Primarily focuses on the ongoing development of the learner’s language.
• All kinds of informal assessment are formative.
Summative Assessment• Aims to measure, or summarize, what a
student has grasped.• Typically occurs at the end of a course or unit
of instruction.
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Kinds of Tests
Placement Tests• The purpose of the test is to place into a
particular level or section of a language curriculum or school.
Diagnostic Tests • As the name suggests, this type of test is used
to find out problem areas.
Achievement Tests• Progress achievement tests are intended to
measure the progress that students are making.
• Final achievement tests are those administered at the end of a course of study.
Proficiency Tests
• Proficiency tests are designed to measure people’s ability in a language regardless of any training they may have had in that language.
• Proficiency tests enable students to have some proof of their language ability in a language.
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Reliability: Does the test give fair and consistent results every time it is used?
There are three aspects to reliability:
• Test taking circumstances
• How the test is marked
• The uniformity of the assessment it
makes
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Validity: Does the test measure what it is intended to measure?• Content validity: concerned with what goes
into the test. Does the test reflect the syllabus?
• Face validity: concerned with what teachers and students think of the test. Does the test look good?
Practicality: Is the test usable for the teacher?• Not excessively expensive• Stays within appropriate time constraints• Relatively easy to administer, and• Has a scoring/evaluation procedure that is
specific and time-efficient16
Common Test Items
• Translate: Kh—Eng
or Eng – Kh
• Matching
• True/False
• Essay writing task
• Speaking task
• Fill-in blanks (also
called cloze)
• Multi-choice
• Open comprehension
/ short answer Qs
• Sentence completion
task
• Sentence ordering
task
• Odd one out task
Objective Test Questions: Only 1 possible answer
Subjective Test Questions: Many possible answers; Ss can include their own ideas
Summary
• Tests are only 1 type assessment, and assessment is only 1 part of teaching
• Ongoing informal formative assessment is just as important as formal summative assessment
• When designing any test, consider: is it reliable? valid? practical?
• When designing a language test, there are common items you can use. Consider your goals and subjectivity/objectivity as you choose your items.