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What is Research?
A systematic and a scientific enquiry into a
problem.
Problem: A Researchable problem
Simple description of a scenario is NOT
RESEARCH
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Business Research
An enquiry into a business problem
An aid to decision making for the
management. May be pertaining to HR, Marketing,
Finance or Macroeconomic problems
understanding the business environment.
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HR
How leadership can have an influence onemployees performance?
Marketing
How has advertising influenced sales?
How much to spend on advertising?
Finance
How to distribute the portfolio
What is the impact of ban of PN on FIIs?
How to manage the tax effectively
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BRM Course Design
Largely meant for aiding Marketing
Research
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Failure of business due to lack of marketing
research
Kelloggs and Mc Donalds
Unilever Surf in Japan Johnson and Johnson Baby aspirin in
US -----Too Gentle
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Success due to Research
Lipton Research through Portico
Ice tea is better than Hot tea!!
Unilever- Organic Shampoo in Thailand
Microsoft ; designing program to small business
Boeing: Small crafts are better than large ones
Toyota: Scions diversity
Starbucks: Environmental friendly
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Brazilian Tissue Paper Industry!!!!!!
Empirical research
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Scope for career
InternalCoca cola
Procter and Gamble
Unilever
External agenciesPortico- Research through documentation
Burke Inc
Harris Interactive
Branded research products- Telenation- 3 a week Multi
client telephone study of the households
Business Development Bureau India Pvt Ltd
Prism Retail India Pvt Ltd
AnalyticsIntertec Consulting, Hard Research, Qualisys, Libra
Consultants
www.Indiamart.com
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Types of Research
Theoretical Research
Empirical Research
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Thoeretical Research
Adding to the scientific body of knowledge
Emerges out of empirics. For Ex Newtons law of
gravitation, Marshals Theory of demand 4 ps of marketing
Porterd 5 force model
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Empirical Research
Highly application oriented
That and That only-
Meant to solve a particular problem-Has atime frame. Holds good for a period of time
For decision making at that point of time.
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Research Process or the research
design1. Identifying the Research Problem
2. Exploratory study
3. Hypothesis
4. Well defined objectives
5. Data Collection and Descriptive study
6. Data Cleaning
7. Analysis of data and Interpreting the results
8. Writing a Research Report
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Clear identification of RP
What factors lead to the good performance
of a fund?
How does a consumer behave when hebuys a particular fund. What things does
he look at when he buys a fund?
Performance of one fund vis--vis other
funds in the competitive market
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Research design
What minute questions you will look at? What type of data is needed
Primary or secondary- cross section or TS
Clearly stated Hypothesis
Identification of the variables Data Collection methods
Sampling Techniques
Analysis of data proper tools and techniques
for estimations Time and budget
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Stages
Exploratory
Descriptive
Causal
Exploratory- priliminary research conducted with a smallsample before u get into a detailed research
Discriptive Describing
Who, where, when, how much?????
Causal- scientific approach
Why???
Explain the relationship btwn variables
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Exploratory Descriptive Causal
Sales of aparticular
company is
declining
Would people
be interested in
a new productConduct a small
sample survey,
pilot study
By whatpercentage has
sales declined?
In which age
group has it
declined
In which
geographicalregions has it
declined
Why has itdeclined
Sales is afunction of what
variables
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Exploratory
Small sample
Pilot surveys tentative questionnaire
Review of Literature
Secondary data
Helps to clearly define the problem
Clearly Hypothesize and select the variables
Avoids wastage of time and resource
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Descriptive
Description of variables like
What is the market share of the product
What products are sold Who are the consumers? What agegroup?
What income class?
Who are the competitors?
How are they priced?
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Case study or Generalised
Research Environment
EX: Retail Culture of People in Bangalore
Be able to justify
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Secondary data
Data that is already collected for some
purpose may be useful..
Dont take the pain of collecting it again
Review of literature Helps in building ideas
Formulating the hypothesis
May also provide u sufficient information
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Formulate Hypothesis
A statement to test
It is an unproven propositionIt is a guess
Ex: People with highest job satisfaction arethe most productive
Mr X is involved in the bomb Blasts
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Data collection
Sampling
Surveys
Most common method of primary data collection
Questionnaire
Telephone
By mail
In personDepending on the problem, time and resource uchoose the method
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3
State the model for causal research
Dependent
Independent variables
Y = f(X1, X2, X3, X4, X5)
What model u will choose for estimation?
How to control the variables?
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Data Analysis
It is not always associated with rigorous
statistical tests
It can be as simple as a tabular or arepresentation of data
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Interpret the results
Dont leave the results unexplained
Statistical results are to be backed by
strong logic and descriptive information
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Write a good report
Research Ethics ------no plagiarism
Clear and Simple No journalistic jargons
Sufficient proof for conclusions. Dontmake statements out of blue
Readable and well presented
Source for tables Good flow in chapterisation