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CANBERRANuclear Measurements
Marijke KETERSDirector Detector Product Management Hamburg DESY – 27th of March 2012
Engineering and Projects
BU Nuclear Measurements in the AREVA Group
> Recycling> Value Development> Logistics> Clean-up
> Chemistry
> Enrichment
> Fuel
Supervisory Board
Executive Board
Mining Front End Back End RenewablesReactors &
Services
> New Builds > Installed Base> Equipment> Nuclear Measurement> Products & Technology
CANBERRA
Marketing & Sales Department
Functional departments
Regions (Germany and North America)
> AREVA TA
> Offshore wind> Solar> Bioenergies> Hydrogen & Storage
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
CANBERRA is the Worldwide Leader in Nuclear Measurements
Founded in 1965Headquartered in Meriden, CT 1080 employees and seven manufacturing sites worldwideCANBERRA provides nuclear measurement solutions for safety and security to the
Nuclear power industry, Laboratories and research Fuel cycle facilities Military, non-proliferation and security
applications
Nuclear Power Plants
Fuel Cycle Facilities
Laboratories and research
Safety/Security Safeguards,
Military
Detector design and manufacturing capabilities
HPGe, Silicon (PIPS®) and gas Detectors
4 detector manufacturing entities
France – Lingolsheim
Belgium – Olen
US – Meriden
US – Oak Ridge
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
Silicon PSD’s
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
Position Sensitive Silicon detectors
XRD – drug research
Pixel Detectors for Research:
Omega, Medipix1, Medipix2, Medipix3, Alice, LHCB…Detector thickness 200 to 700µm, manufacturing on 5 inch wafers.
Industry: Medipix designs, single and Quad, 55x55µm² , 65000 pixels, 300 µm thick, manufacturing on 6 inch wafers
Double Sided Strip detectors Detector thickness 200 to 1000µm. Low leakage current: ex. typical
leakage current per 40mm² pad, 1000µm thick < 10nA
Thin window <50nm
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
PSD’s by resistive charge sharing Thin entrance window for charged particles analysis. The junction is a resistive electrode with two contacts.
The position information is given by charge division measured on the contacts.
Used for super heavy ion detection (element 112, 114, 116, …) at GSI, DUBNA, RIKEN, Jyvaskyla, Berkeley
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
• A total qty of 400 silicon drift detector with an active area of 7.5 x 7.0 cm² have been designed, produced and tested for ALICE inner tracking system. (15 years of development work)
• Spatial resolution of 30µm obtained - 256 anodes - pitch 294 µm.
Segmented Silicon Drift Diodes (SSDD)
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
Silicon Drift Diodes (SDD)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
Rise time (µs)
FW
HM
(e
V)
195 eV @ 500kCPS OCR
160 eV @ 180kCPS OCR
80mm² collimated, 500μm thick 15mm² collimated, 500μm thick
Preamplifier (Reset type )Extremely good linearity at high count rate
Large volume productionIndustrial manufacturing site
Full manufacturing controlinternal SDD production
0 200,000 400,000 600,000 800,000 130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
3.2µs
2µs
1µs
0.6µs
0.4µs
ICR (cps)
Res
olu
tio
n e
V (
FW
HM
) @
5.9
keV
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
High Purity Ge PSD’s
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
Segmented CoaxialHPGe Detectors for gamma tracking
Highlights : Tracking capability by optimized
pulse shape without unwanted crosstalk effects.
High granularity with even smaller possible “virtual” segments through pulse shape analysis in neighbor segments.
No heat cycling restrictions. Full compatibility with neutron annealing processes.
Any detector shape even irregular & tapered hexagons.
No dead zone. Doppler effect correction.
MSU SEGA detectors: 18
detectors each segmented in
32 folds
Tracking simulation on an AGATA
detector with 36 segments
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
SPI Integral space telescope: a 19 capsule array with coded mask.
Array of segmented Coaxial detectors
Arrangement of encapsulated HPGe crystals in a unique cryostat
For nuclear physics or other application requesting best efficiency (solid angle) and position information.
Dedicated shape and assembly for optimized detection efficiency.
From 2kg up to 12kg of HPGe material in one cryostat even with electrical cooling.
More than 270 capsules delivered world wide (EuroBall, MiniBall, Agata, Greta).
Up to 1100% relative efficiency possible on 7x 100% detectors with add-back measurement.
Compatible with harsh environment (space application).
Greta quartet detector: Four capsules each segmented in
36 = total of 148 channels per detector for best
tracking ability
4x
Gretina demonstrator phase with 5
detectors (inside view)
Artist view of the Greta
array with a total of 30
quartet detectors
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
Segmented Planar HPGe Detectors for imaging
Stopping power of HPGe or Si(Li) material For HPGe thicknesses up to 20mm. For Si(Li) thicknesses up to 10mm
Any segmentation pattern (strip, double sided strip, pixel, else?) down to a 50µm pitch.
Spatial resolution: down to 1mm.
Robust & stable thin window contacts - not sensitive to heat cycling.
Telescope arrangements in a unique custom designed cryostat
Industrial or rough motion applications compliant even for space application.
Cooled input stage, RT PA or dedicated ASICS with multiplexed readouts. Down to 1keV FWHM at 122keV.
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
Compton camera imaging principleMajor factors in Compton cameras:
Energy resolution FWHM Position resolution within the detector Doppler broadening
Compton camera made up from two detectors, scatter detector and absorber.
Energy of the incident gamma ray can be found by adding the energy deposited in both detectors.
The position of interaction within the detectors are used to fix the cone apex.
Opening angle of the cone is calculated using the Compton scattering formula.
The source lies somewhere on the surface of the cone. Several cones will determine the precise localization of the source.
The energy range of the compton camera telescope can be extended by using a third detector enabling scattering for lower energies.
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
Under development - High Z imaging sensor
What is it?: It acts as a camera taking images based on the number of particles which hit the
pixels when the electronic shutter is open. It aims color imaging and dead time free operation. It is based on a Medipix3read out, a CMOS pixel detector readout chip designed to be connected to a pixel sensor.
Development of HPGe pixel sensor for high Z applications with following features :
· Cooled operation (-60°C) needed to reduce leakage current (nA range per pixel)· Resolve thermal stress issues on interconnections for the readout· Fine pixel segmentation (55micron) and bump-bonding developments (outsourced)· Dedicated passivation.· Thin HPGe wafer (700μm).
Diodes produced by Proprietary Lithography Process. Collaboration with DESY Prof H. Graafsma’s group.
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY
Questions
AIDA 2012 - Workshop DESY