CEC 105 Practical

8/12/2019 CEC 105 Practical

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UNESCO-NIGERIA TECHNICAL

& VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

REVITALISATION PROJECT-

PHASE II

YEAR I- SEMESTER I

PRACTICAL

NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN

CIVIL ENGINEERING

CIVIL ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION I

COURSE CODE: CEC105


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Table of Contents

WEEK 1 PRACTICAL

Set out a building

WEEK 2 PRACTICAL

Set out building (3-4-5) method

WEEK 3 PRACTICAL

Set up a moving profile for circular building

WEEK 4 PRACTICALBuilding a brick wall

WEEK 5 PRACTICAL

Making a precast lintel

WEEK 6 PRACTICALInsitu concrete lintel

WEEK 7 PRACTICAL

Laying bituminous felt

WEEK 8 PRACTICAL

Applying asphalt finish

WEEK 9 PRACTICAL

Fixing timber staircase on site

WEEK 10 PRACTICAL

Making concrete staircase

WEEK 11 PRACTICAL

SETTING OUT USING THEODOLITE METHOD

WEEK 12

EXCAVATING DRAIN POSITIONS


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WEEK 13

TESTING DRAINS

WEEK 14

CONSTRUCTION OF BATTENED DOORS

WEEK 15

CONSTRUCTION OF FRAME AND BRACED DOORS


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WEEK 1

PRACTICAL

TITLE: SET OUT A BUILDING

AIM: KNOW HOW TO SET OUT A BUILDING

EQUIPMENT: sharp pegs, a mallet, a hammer, a ball of string, a 30 metre steel

tape

PROCEDURES:

1. Assemble the equipment for setting out:sharp pegs, a mallet, a hammer, a ball of string, a 30 metre steel tape

2. Find out the distance from the site boundary to the building line on the workingDrawing. Use the tape to measure the same distance from the site boundary to

the location of the building line on the ground. Select a corner on the ground to

be corner A.

3. Place a peg in the ground at corner A and hammer a nail into the top of the peg.4. Repeat these steps to place a peg in the ground for corner B5. Tie the string between pegs A and B. Check that the distance on the ground is

the same measurement as the distance on the drawing.

6. Repeat these steps for corners C and D.


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7. Measure the diagonals A-D and B-C (the two diagonal should be equal)8. Use the builders square to check that the corners are at right angles.


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WEEK 2

TITLE: SET OUT A BUILDING

AIM: SET OUT A BUILDING USING 3-4-5 METHOD

PROCEDURES:

1.Nail three pieces of timber together which you cut to these lengths to make aframe

750mm

1000mm

1250mm

A frame with a right angled corner is called a square.

2. Place the right angle of the square against the lines between the corners. If thecorners are not at right angles then move the corner pegs until they make right

angles.

3. Measure the diagonals to check that they are the same length.


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WEEK 3

TITLE: SETTING OUT BUILDING

AIM: SETTING UP A MOVING PROFILE FOR CIRCULAR

BUILDING.

PROCEDURES:

1. Find out the radius of the building from the working drawings2. Mark out the measurement on the ground.3. Place a stake securely in the ground at the end of the radius in the centre of

the building.

4. Drill a 12mm hole in the stake5. Place a 12mm reinforcing bars in the hole in the stake6. Check that the top of the bar is level.7. Cement the stake in position8. Loop a piece of rope which is the length of the radius of the building over

the reinforcing bar

9. Measure the distance to the inner and outer sides of the foundation from theworking drawing

10.Use the rope to measure the same distances on the ground11.Mark the distances around the outline of the building


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WEEK 4

TITLE: BUILDING A BRICK WALL

AIM: KNOW HOW TO BUILD A BRICKWALL

PROCEDURES:

1. Use the profile lines to locate an external corner on the strip foundation2. Use a builders level held vertically or a plumb-line to mark the position

of the external corner with wet mortar. Repeat steps 1 and 2 for all four

corners.

3. Stretch a line between the corners to provide a position for the firstcourse of brick. Secure the line by wrapping it around a brick and putting

another brick on top. Remove the line after the first course of bricks is

laid

4. Lay the bricks in a row.Adjust their position by tapping the bricks backfor 8 or 10 courses. Check that they are level horizontally and vertically

with the builders level

5. Build up the corners by racking the brick back for 8 or 10 courses. Checkyour accuracy with builders level. Use a gauge rod to control the height.

6. Insert metal pegs in the mortar joint on the corners for each completedcourse of brickwork. Stretch a line between the pegs so that it is flush


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with the surface of the brickwork to provide a guide for the next course

of brickwork.

7. Continue checking horizontal and vertical levels.8. From the joints while the mortar is soft.


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WEEK 5

TITLE: CASTING A PRECAST LINTEL

AIM: KNOW HOT TO PRCAST LINTEL IS MADE

PROCEDURES:

1. Make a timber box in an open top, which is the same size as theexternal dimensions of the finished lintel.

2. Paint the inside of the box with releasing oil. This stop the concretesticking to the timber

3. Bend the end of the reinforcement bars to right angles (900). If thelintel contains more than one bar, then make short cross bars and wire

the cross bar to the long bars

4. Insert spacers that holds the bars 25mm from the bottom of theformwork. Spacers are small cement block embedded with tie wires

that you use to attach them to the bars

5. Place the reinforcement in the formwork and check that the bars are50mm from each end of the box and supported by spacers.

6.

Mix the require amount of concrete

7. Pour the concrete into the timber box and make sure that it flowsdown around and under the rods, then pack it down to remove any

trapped air.


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WEEK SEVEN

TITLE: LAYING BITUMINOUS FELT

AIM: LAYING BITUMINOUS FELT ON ROOF

PROCEDURES:

1. Roll out the first sheet of felt over the roof boarding and nail it with largehead roofing nails.

2. Roll out the next sheet of felt so that it overlaps the first by 50mm and nail itdown

3. Continue step 1 and 2 until the entire roof is covered in a layer of felt4. Apply hot bitumen to the first layer of felt. Then roll out another layer, but

do not nail it. The sheets in this layer should overlap the first layer by 50mm.

5. Repeat step 4 with the third layer6. Spread a layer of white marble or limestone chips set in bitumen over the top

layer to reflect heat.


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WEEK 8

TITLE: APPLYING A MASTIC ASPHALT FINISH

AIM: LAY MASTIC ASPHALT FINISH

PROCEDURES:

1. Melt the solid blocks of asphalt in a boiler.2. Sweep the roof surface.3. Lay an under felt cover over the roof surface that prevents the penetration of the

asphalt into the roof surface.

4. Carry the hot melted asphalt in buckets to the roof.5. Spread a 10mm thick layer of asphalt by hand with a wood float6. Apply the second layer to the same thickness so that it melts into the first layer

and weld the edges of the two layers together to a 20mm thickness.

7. Make a 450wedge or fillet at the junction with vertical upstands that increasethe thickness of the asphalt at week points. Vertical upstands should be at least

150 mm above the finished level of the asphalt.

8. Spread a 12 mm layer of white crushed stone over the surface or paint thesurface with reflective paint.


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WEEK 9

TITLE: FIXING A TIMBER STAIRCASE ON SITE

AIM: HOW TO FIX TIMBER STAIRCASE ON SITE

PROCEDURES:

1. Fix the stair to the wall with plugs and crews.2. Tightly fix against the staircase trimmer joist at the top and be cut and shaped to

fit against the skirting beside it.

3. Make the lower end of the staircase rests on the floor.4. Cut and match to the skirting as required5. Insert the outer string in the newel posts at the top and bottom. The stair wall

trimmer slots into the top newel post and they are screwed or nailed together.

6. Fix the lower newel post to the floor with brackets.7. Finally, fit the handrail and balustrade to the string and newels to complete the

staircase fixing on site.


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WEEK 10

TITLE: CONCRETE STAIRCASE

AIM: MAKING A CONCRETE STAIRCASE

PROCEDURES:

A concrete staircase is usually made on site. The construction procedure is the

same as for other concrete slab.

1. Erect timber formwork2. Oil the formwork to prevent the concrete sticking to the timber3. Position the steel reinforcement4. Mix concrete by hand or mixer5. Pour concrete and compact6. Cure concrete for seven days7. Remove the formwork after seven days


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WEEK11TITLE:SETTINGOUTUSINGTHEODOLITEMETHODAIM:KnowHowToSetoutBuildingUsingTheodolitePROCEDURES:

1. MountandsettheinstrumentatpointA,sightthetelescope,rangeandpegoutpointEandBtoestablishthebuildingline

2. turnthetheodolitescrews,setandadjustthedegreereadingto0to00turnthetelescopeoftheinstrumentonthetripodstandtowardstherightaxisuntil

youcansight900 0000usingtheinstrumentrangetoestablishandpegout

pointFandC


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3. transfertheinstrumenttopointC,andfollowingthesameprocedureatA,rangeAandF,settheangle0

000

000,turnforwardsthe rightaxistosight

andobtain

90

0

00

0

00and

to

establish

point

G

and

D

4. pointHcouldbeestablishedbyusingameasuringtape.5. checkthewholemeasurementagainbymountingtheinstrumentonpointsB

andDandrepeatthewholeprocess


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WEEK12TITLE:EXCAVATINGDRAINPOSITIONSAIM:KnowHowToExcavateDrainPositionsPROCEDURES:1. Markoutthepositionofthedrainrunsonthegroundandmarkthemanhole

positions.

2. Calculatethedepthoftheinvertsatthemanholespositions.3. Calculatethedepthoftheexcavationandadd100mmforbeddingifrequired.4. measuretheheightoftheuppersightrailabovethedatum5. setupsightrailsonthefirststraightdrainrunandcalculatethelengthofthe

traveler.

6. excavatethetrenchuntilyoureachthecorrect levelby liningupthetravelerorboningrodwiththelinebetweenthesightrails

7. insert some pegs in the bottom of the trench that project 100mm off thebottom

8. fillthebottomofthetrenchwith100mmgranularmaterialuntilitcoversthepegs.


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9. attach a batten to the bottom of the rod so that it can sit drains on thebeddingandkeepcheckingthe levelswiththeboningrod.Jointthepipesso

thatsocket

faces

the

flow

10.testthedrainsandbackfill11.repeatprocedureforthenextdrainrun


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WEEK13TITLE:TESTINGDRAINSAIM:KnowHowDrainsaretestedforleakageusingthehydraulictestmethodTHEORY: Drains that carry sewage must not leak into surrounding ground. Toensure that the joints are secured, drains should be tested before they are

covered.

Theyarethreemethodoftestingdrains:

1. theballtest2. thehydraulictest3. themirrorandtorchtestPROCEDURE:Hydraulictest1. plugthelowerendofadrainrun2. insertatemporaryjointanda1.5meterlengthofpipeatthehigherend3. pourwaterinthedrainuntiltheuprightpipeisfull.4. leaveitfortwohours5. checkthelevel6. topthewaterlevelup


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7. checkthelevelsagainafterhalfanhourthelevelshoulddroplessthan6.4mmpermetreof100mmpipeor4.5mmper

150mmpipe.

Ifthedropinthewaterlevelisgreaterthan6.4mmor4.5mmthenthepipe

mustbeinspectedforleakandyourepairorreplaceit.


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WEEK14TITLE:DOORCONSTRUCTIONAIM:Knowhowtomakealedged,bracedandbatteneddoor.THEORY:This isavery simpledoor for internalorexternaluseand ischeap tomake

Itconsistofthefollowing:

1. Tongued,groovedandVjointbattensmeasuring10025mm2. Diagonal piles pieces called braces that measure about 10025mm. braces

shouldbefixedsothattheyslopeupawayfromthehinges

PROCEDURES:1. assemblebattensthataretherightsizeforthedoor2. gluethetonguesandgroovestogether3. screwornailthebattenstotheledges4. cutoutandfitthebracesbetweentheledges5. nailthebattenstothebraces.

Thistypeofdoordoesnothaveanyspecialwoodworkingjoints.


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WEEK15TITLE:DOORCONSTRUCTIONAIM:Knowhowtomakeframed,bracedandbatteneddoor.THEORY:Thisdoorisstrongthentheledged,bracedandbatteneddoorbecausethebattensaresetinsideatimberframe

Theframed,bracedandbatteneddoorconsistofthefollowingpieces:

1. Battensthatformthesurfaceofthedoor2. Aframewithaheadrail,bottomrailandtwostiles3. Aledge4. Braces

PROCEDURE:1. cutandassemblethepiecesoftheframetofitthedoorsize2. inserttheheadandbottomrailintorecessesinthestiles3. fitthebraces4. nailthebattensonthebracesandstile.

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CEC 105 Practical