Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration

Chapter 7Chapter 7

Obtaining FoodObtaining Food

Autotrophs – producers – photosynthesisAutotrophs – producers – photosynthesis

Heterotrophs – consumers – cellular Heterotrophs – consumers – cellular respirationrespiration

Harvesting the Energy in Harvesting the Energy in FoodFood

Main Forms of EnergyMain Forms of Energy

Energy Energy > ability to perform work> ability to perform work Kinetic Kinetic > Energy of motion > > Energy of motion >

Thermal Thermal energyenergy PotentialPotential > Energy stored due to an > Energy stored due to an

objects position or arrangement > objects position or arrangement > ChemicalChemical energy energy

Putting Chemical Energy to WorkPutting Chemical Energy to Work

2525

25%

75%

40%60%

Calorie – A Unit of EnergyCalorie – A Unit of Energy CalorieCalorie > the amount of energy > the amount of energy

required to raise the temperature of 1 required to raise the temperature of 1 gram (g) of water by 1 degree Celsius gram (g) of water by 1 degree Celsius (°C) (°C)

1,000 calories = 1 kilocalorie (1,000 calories = 1 kilocalorie (kcalkcal)) We burn calories for work through the We burn calories for work through the

process of process of cellular respirationcellular respiration

ATP = Adenosine triphosphateATP = Adenosine triphosphate ATP = Energy “currency” for cellATP = Energy “currency” for cell ATP provides energy for the cell to do ATP provides energy for the cell to do

three types of work:three types of work: Chemical workChemical work = building large = building large

moleculesmolecules Mechanical workMechanical work = muscle contraction = muscle contraction Transport workTransport work = getting ions across = getting ions across

cell membranecell membrane

ATP CycleATP Cycle

When sugar is burned, oxygen atoms pull When sugar is burned, oxygen atoms pull electrons from carbon and hydrogen, forming new electrons from carbon and hydrogen, forming new chemical bonds. chemical bonds.

Online activity 7.2Online activity 7.2

In a Venn diagram write the In a Venn diagram write the similarities and differences similarities and differences between the marshmallow being between the marshmallow being consumed by the fire and by Tom consumed by the fire and by Tom

Electron Transport ChainElectron Transport Chain

An electron transport chain is like a staircase, as electrons move down each step in the chain, a small amount of energy is released.

Overall Equation for Overall Equation for Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration

Overview of what happens during Overview of what happens during cellular respiration and where (p cellular respiration and where (p 148)148)

Stages of Cellular respiration (p Stages of Cellular respiration (p 152)152)

Cell Respiration TableCell Respiration Table

StagesStages LocationLocation ATP ATP

GlycolysisGlycolysis Cytoplasm of cellCytoplasm of cell 22

Kreb CycleKreb Cycle Matrix of Matrix of mitochondrionmitochondrion 22

Electron Transport Electron Transport Chain & ATP Chain & ATP

Synthase ActionSynthase Action

Inner membrane of Inner membrane of mitochondrionmitochondrion 32-3432-34

Total ATP = 38

Where does oxygen go when you breath ?Where does oxygen go when you breath ? What is in the muscle cell that uses the What is in the muscle cell that uses the

oxygen?oxygen?

Fermentation is an anaerobic processFermentation is an anaerobic process

Fermentation in human muscle cellsFermentation in human muscle cellsATP is produced in the absence of ATP is produced in the absence of

oxygenoxygenThe byproduct of fermentation is lactic The byproduct of fermentation is lactic

acidacid Fermentation in microorganismsFermentation in microorganisms

Yeasts are capable of cellular respiration Yeasts are capable of cellular respiration and fermentationand fermentation

The byproduct of fermentation is alcoholThe byproduct of fermentation is alcoholSome other fungi and bacteria produce Some other fungi and bacteria produce

lactic acid (use in the production of lactic acid (use in the production of cheese and yogurt)cheese and yogurt)