CELLULAR RESPIRATION

VOCABULARY

1. Calorie

2. Glycolysis

3. Cellular respiration

4. NAD+

5. Fermentation

6. Anaerobic

7. Aerobic

8. Krebs Cycle

9. Electron Transport Chain

HUNGRY??

How do you feel when you are really hungry?

CHEMICAL ENERGY AND FOOD

Food provides organisms with energy 1 g of sugar = 3811 calories of heat energy A calorie= amount of energy needed to raise

the temperature of 1 gram of water, 1 degree Celsius

The Calorie on nutrition labels is a Kilocalorie How do we covert food into energy?

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of Oxygen.

BRAINPOP

CELLULAR RESPIRATION- 3 MAIN STAGES

Glycolysis Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport

Chain

GLYCOLYSIS

One molecule of glucose is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid (a 3-Carbon compound)

Occurs in cytoplasm, requires some energy from cell

Net gain of 2 ATP molecules Happens Fast Requires no oxygen Next step: Fermentation or Krebs Cycle

#1

IF NO OXYGEN IS PRESENT…

FERMENTATION Fermentation releases energy from

food and makes ATP without oxygen= ANAEROBIC

2 types of fermentation—Alcoholic and Lactic Acid

#2a

ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION

Yeasts and other microbes carry out alcoholic fermentation

Pyruvic acid + NADH alcohol + CO2 + Nad+

Fermentation Demo

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION

Used by organisms other than yeasts and microbes

Pyruvic acid + NADH - lactic acid + NAD+

LACTIC ACID

Lactic acid is produced in your muscles during rapid exercise (limited oxygen present!)

Your muscles quickly run out of oxygen when exercising strenuously

Lactic Acid is produced and builds up causing pain, fatigue

LACTIC ACID VIDEO CLIP

Think of a time when you may have experienced Lactic Acid Fermentation!

KREBS CYCLE—OXYGEN PRESENT

If oxygen is present at the end of glycolysis, cellular respiration moves to the Krebs Cycle

With oxygen= AEROBIC Pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide and energy!

High energy electrons are passed onto the Electron Transport Chain…

#2b

ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

Final step of Cellular Respiration Uses the electrons produced in the Krebs Cycle to covert them into ADP and ATP.

LOTS of energy is created!

#3

ENERGY TOTALS

Glycolysis-2 ATP molecules Krebs + Electron Transport Chain= 36 ATP molecules

WRAP IT UP VIDEO REVIEW

CELLULAR RESPIRATION FLOWCHART

FEEL THE BURN