Chapter 10:1 Slavery, States’ Rights, and Western Expansion

Objectives: o We will examine the contrasts of

economies, societies, and political

views of the North and the South.

o We will analyze why slavery in the

territories was a divisive issue

between North and South and

how Congress tried to settle the

issue in 1850.

Verse of the Day:

o Joh_8:34 Jesus answered them,

Verily, verily, I say unto you,

Whosoever committeth sin is the

servant of sin.

o Rom_6:18 Being then made free

from sin, ye became the servants

of righteousness.

Difference Between North and South:

The North:

• Developed busy cities.

• Embraced technology and industry.

• Built factories staffed by paid

workers.

• Immigrants arrived in Northern

Ports.

• North became an increasingly

diverse society.

The South:

• Remained an agrarian or agricultural society.

• The economy and the way of life was based on a single crop: cotton.

• They were depended on the labor of enslaved African Americans

• As the country expanded, the issue was should the new American territories, West of the Mississippi allow slavery?

Northern Views on Slavery

o Slavery ended early in the North, but slowly.

o By 1800, there were about 50,000 enslaved people in the North, compared to nearly one million in the South.

o In 1860, there were still 18 slaves in New Jersey, but none in the other northern states.

o Most white northerners at the time viewed Blacks as inferior.

o Laws in the northern states severely limited the rights of free African Americans.

o And discouraged or prevented the migration of more to come to the North.

Northern Views on Slavery

• As a result, many white northerners had little personal experience with African Americans, slave or free, and only a few held strong opinions about slavery.

• A vocal minority of northerners were abolitionists, or people who wanted to end slavery.

• They believed that slavery was morally wrong.

• Some abolitionists favored a gradual end of slavery, while others demanded that all slavery be outlawed at once.

Northern Views on Slavery

o Not all northerners wanted to end slavery.

o Some white northern bankers, mill owners, and merchants earned a lot of money on southern cotton and tobacco or by trading or transporting enslaved people.

o They were sympathetic to Southern plantation owners and did not want to abolish slavery.

o Some northern workers especially those in unskilled low paying jobs also opposed abolition fearing that freed slaves might come north and compete with them for work.

Southern Views on Slavery

• Slavery was an integral part of

southern life.

• Many Southerners believed that

God intended that black people

should provide the labor for white

“civilized” society.

• They argued that enslaved people

were healthier and happier than

northern wage workers.

HYPOTHETICAL

• What do you think is better for the nation, a

gradual end to slavery or an immediate end

to slavery?

ELECTION OF 1848 • Democrats and Whigs attempted to

avoid the slavery issue and attract as many voters as possible.

• They embraced the idea of popular sovereignty, a policy stating that voters in a territory not congress should decide whether or not to allow slavery there.

• This idea had wide appeal, since it seemed in keeping with the traditions of American democracy.

• And to try to get as many votes as possible dodging the issue

ELECTION OF 1848

• Wilmot Proviso formed the new Free-Soil Party that pledged freedom and prevent aggression from those advocating slavery.

• In the election of 1848 they captured 10 percent of the vote with its antislavery platform.

1850 • In 1849, California requested

being admitted to the Union as a non-slave state.

• For years there was a balance sought to maintain free and slave states.

• Now inflamed Southerners angrily noted that admission of California would tip the balance to free states.

1850

• South saw their property and

honor at stake.

• The north insisted that the

federal government should

not help to enforce slavery.

Henry Clay to the Rescue:

• With division mounting,

senator Henry Clay proposed

a compromise which

became the Compromise of

1850.

Compromise of 1850 o Congress would admit California as a free

state.

o The people of the territories of New Mexico and Utah would decide the slavery question by popular sovereignty.

o The slave trade but not slavery would be ended in Washington D.C.

o Congress would pass a new strict fugitive slave law.

o Texas would give up its claims to New Mexico in return for $10 million.

Compromise of 1850 • The other influential senators were John

Calhoun of South Carolina and Daniel Webster of Massachusetts.

• Calhoun did not believe the compromise offered enough protection and proposed that the slave states peacefully break away or secede from the Union.

• Daniel Webster urged senators to accept the compromise for the sake of national unity.

• This swayed the Northerners to vote for the compromise.

Compromise of 1850 • The debate was heated with one

Southern Senator pulling a gun on a Northern Senator in the Senate.

• But the Compromise passed as Calhoun and President Zachary Taylor who opposed the Compromise passed away before the vote.

• A new Fugitive Slave Act added stringent amendments to the earlier law, citizens who assisted a fugitive slave could be fined and imprisoned.

ALERT!!!!

HYPOTHETICAL

• If you were a member of congress in 1850, how would you solve the slave issue? Get in groups of four and come up with five solutions to solve the dispute over slavery. Nominate a spokesperson to share what you have come with. As a class we will vote which group has the best set of solutions, and whoever wins will get a PRIZE =).

COMPROMISE

Chapter 10:2 Objectives: o We will analyze why the Fugitive

Slave Act increased tensions between North and South.

o We will assess how the Kansas-Nebraska Act was seen differently by North and South.

o We will explain why fighting broke out in Kansas and the effects of that conflict.

Verse of the Day:

o Isa_1:17 Learn to do well; seek

judgment, relieve the oppressed,

judge the fatherless, plead for

the widow.

Fugitive Slave Laws

• The Fugitive Slave Act required

citizens to catch and return

runaway slaves, enraged many

northerners.

• The anger was not restricted to

abolitionists, it expanded to other

northerners who felt forced to

support the slave system.

Fugitive Slave Laws • Northerners resented what they

saw as increasing federal intervention in the affairs of the independent states.

• A few northern states struck back, passing personal liberty laws.

• These statutes nullified the Fugitive Slave Act and allowed the state to arrest slave catchers for kidnapping.

Fugitive Slave Laws • Some of the captured “fugitive

slaves” were really free people who had been kidnapped and sold into slavery.

• Although the imprisoned African Americans could appeal to a judge for their release.

• The law awarded $10 to judges who rule in favor of slave owners but only $5 to those who ruled that the captives should be set free.

Fugitive Slave Laws • Seventh-day Adventist Christians at this

time joined in opposing the fugitive slave laws.

• Joseph Bates organized a anti-slavery society in his hometown.

• W.K. Kellogg, father of the inventor of cereal, housed runaway slaves in his home.

• Seventh-day Adventist pioneers such as Anson Byington participated in housing fugitive slaves, thus breaking Federal law.

Fugitive Slave Laws • “The fugitive law was calculated to crush out of

man every noble, generous feeling of sympathy that should arise in his heart for the oppressed and suffering slave. It was in direct opposition to the teaching of Christ. When the laws of men conflict with the Word and law of God, we are to obey the latter, whatever the consequences may be…. The law of our land requiring us to deliver a slave to his master, we are not to obey; and we must abide the consequences of violating this law. The slave is not the property of any man. God is his rightful master, and man has no right to take God's workmanship into his hands, and claim him as his own.” Ellen White

• Discussion Question:

• “If you were living in the U.S. during this time

how would you respond to the Fugitive Slave

Laws, would you obey them or disobey them?”

(MUST WRITE IN COMPLETE SENTENCES. You

have till the music stops to do this assignment)

The Underground Railroad • Northern abolitionists and free black

people risked their lives and safety to help enslaved people escape to freedom.

• Through a loosely organized network known as the underground railroad.

• Although it was not underground and had no tracks, It was an escape system or a secret network of “conductors” hiding runaway slaves in farm wagons and on riverboats.

• They would later move them to destinations in the North or in Canada; sometimes even as far as England.

The Underground Railroad o Underground Railroad conductors had to

be resourceful and daring.

o One of the most courageous was Harriet Tubman, a Maryland born fugitive slave.

o She was known as “Black Moses” because, like Moses, in the Bible, she led her people out of bondage.

o After her own escape in 1849, Tubman made almost two dozen trips into the South, guiding hundreds of slaves, including her own parents, to safety.

o Southern planters placed a large reward on her head but she was never captured.

Media Play

o In 1852, Harriet Beecher Stowe published

Uncle Tom’s Cabin, a powerful

condemnation of slavery.

o Stowe’s sympathetic main character, was

Uncle Tom, that brought a human face to

slaves for those who had never witnessed

it firsthand.

Media Play o Set in the slave-owning South, Stowe’s story

features the gentle and patient Uncle Tom, a frightened slave mother, and both kind and cruel slave owners.

o Selling 300,000 copies in its first year, the novel spread compassion for enslaved people in the North, but it infuriated people in the South.

o Southerners asserted that only the mentally ill slaves run away.

Media Play • Black abolitionist Martin Delany also

wrote an antislavery novel, called Blake.

• It is the story of an African American who chooses to rebel violently rather than to submit like Uncle Tom.

• The protagonist, Blake, murders a white slave owner in order to make his escape, a scenario that terrified slave owners.

• What do you think was a better media character

for the cause of abolishing slavery? The kind,

submissive, and gentle Uncle Tom or the violent

Blake?

• How do you feel about the Syrian boy that

drowned escaping the Syrian Civil War? Does

this make you care more of what is going on in

a distant land and find a way to help?

• Why do you think that media has such a

powerful influence on people?

Mat_25:40 And the King shall

answer and say unto them, Verily I

say unto you, Inasmuch as ye have

done it unto one of the least of

these my brethren, ye have done it

unto me.

Compromise FAIL

• Senator Stephen Douglas forced

the issue of slavery once again.

• In 1854, Douglas introduced a bill

to set up a government in the

Nebraska Territory.

• The area would be organized,

Douglas proposed, according to the

principles of popular sovereignty.

Compromise FAIL

• After pressure from the South which

feared Nebraska might decide to

enter as a free state.

• Douglas amended the bill to divide

the region into two distinct

territories, Kansas and Nebraska.

Compromise FAIL

• The ideas was that Kansas would

become a slave state and Nebraska

would organize as a free state but

those assumptions were not written

into the bill.

• In the spring of 1854, Congress

accepted this proposal and passed

the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

Compromise FAIL • Some Northerners pointed out that in

effect, this act nullified the Missouri Compromise by allowing slavery to spread to areas that had been free for more than 30 years.

• Kansas attracted settlers both Northern and Southern with political motives.

• They wanted to out number each other, so that when it came time to vote, they could control the government.

Growing Division • By 1855, proslavery settlers had set up a

territorial government near the border of Missouri, a slave state.

• During the election residents of Missouri who were pro slavery sought to coerce locals to vote for proslavery candidates.

• They succeeded in establishing a pro slavery government.

• Northern abolitionists rushed into Kansas and helped establish a free government in Topeka.

• By early 1856, the Topeka government had petitioned congress for statehood.

Violence Grips the Territory. • 21 May 1856, border ruffians raided the

antislavery town of Lawrence, Kansas.

• They pillaged homes, burned down the Free State Hotel, and destroyed the presses of The Kansas Free State newspaper.

• Swift retaliation came from John Brown.

• A New York abolitionist who had moved his family several times in pursuit of opportunities to confront slavery head-on and who made his home near Lawrence.

Violence Grips the Territory. • Brown and his sons and a few friends

executed five proslavery settlers 20 miles south of Lawrence.

• Throughout the fall of 1856, violent outbreaks occurred in various locales around Lawrence.

• Reporters characterized the territory as “Bleeding Kansas.”

• By now it was clear that popular sovereignty was not a solution to the slavery issue.

• Hypothetical: If you were an abolitionist, how

would you convince the public to support

abolition? Draw a comic or poster on abolition

or write a two paragraph response on how you

would convince the public that slavery is wrong.

• (I will provide blank pieces of paper for you to

your art or write your paragraph).

CHAPTER 10:3 Objectives: o We will analyze how deepening

sectional distrust affected the

nation’s politics.

o We will compare the positions of

Abraham Lincoln and Stephen

Douglas on the issue of slavery.

o We will explain of John Brown’s

raid on the slavery debate.

Verse of the Day:

Jas_4:17 Therefore to him that

knoweth to do good, and doeth it

not, to him it is sin.

New Political Parties

• Whig Parties disintegrates with

the deaths of Henry Clay and

Daniel Webster.

• And the actions of President

Filmore (Whig) for alienating

Southern Whigs by helping admit

California as a free state.

• And upsetting Northern states by

supporting the fugitive slave law.

New Political Parties • With the growing immigration of Catholics from

Ireland and Germany and Spanish speaking lands ceded from Mexico, Catholicism was the nation’s largest religious group by 1850.

• This brought alarm to native Protestants.

• They raised questions such as “Would Catholics bring ideas that would undermine America’s religious freedom?”

• Would the newcomers take jobs away from workers who were already here?”

• They are called know nothings because the members responded “I know nothing” when questioned about their nativist organization.

Republican Party Is born • As the old parties broke up, antislavery

zeal gave rise to the new Republican Party in 1854.

• Opposition to slavery was the center of Republican philosophy.

• Attracting antislavery Democrats, Whigs, and free soilers, and know nothings, the Republican party grew rapidly in the North.

• It included a coalition of businessmen who believed that slavery stifled industry, as well as moral leaders who feared that slavery encouraged vice.

Dred Scott Decision • In 1857, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled

in the case of Missouri Slave Dred Scott, who had sued for his freedom.

• Scott based his case on the fact that his master had taken him to the free state of Illinois and Wisconsin Territory, where slavery was outlawed by the Missouri Compromise.

• In other words between 1834 and 1838, Scott had lived mostly on free soil while remaining enslaved.

Dred Scott Decision • With help from abolitionists, Scott’s

case reached the Supreme Court under Chief Justice Roger B. Taney.

• In its decision handed down in March 1857, the court ruled against Scott.

• In a controversial decision, the Court decided that slaves and their descendants were property not citizens, and therefore were not entitled to sue in the courts.

Dred Scott Decision

• It also said that the Missouri

Compromise was unconstitutional

because it was illegal for Congress

to deprive an owner of property in

this case, a slave without due

process of law.

Lincoln/Douglas Debates

• In 1858, Stephen Douglas

and Abraham Lincoln held a

series of seven debates

while competing for a seat in

the U.S. Senate.

• Thousands of Americans

attended the Lincoln-

Douglas debates.

Lincoln/Douglas Debates o Lincoln was raised in rural property and

largely self-taught.

o Began his political career at the age of 25 when he was elected to the Illinois state legislature as a Whig.

o By 1836, he had been admitted to the Illinois bar and was practicing law in Springfield.

o Reputation for integrity and directness that earned him the title “Honest Abe.”

o Lincoln seemed to be staunchly opposed to slavery but he sought to be a moderate politically.

Douglas: o Was short and fiery, called the

“little giant.”

o Supported Texas annexation.

o Promoted popular sovereignty as the solution to regional tensions.

o Some questioned his motives because he had a financial stake in the railroads and could profit from them.

Lincoln/Douglas Debates o Lincoln believed that the Dred Scott

decision was wrong, he attacked popular sovereignty as wrong and condemned slavery as a system.

o While Lincoln like most white people of his day ridiculed the idea of social and political equality with African Americans, he strongly affirmed the idea of their natural rights.

o Lincoln narrowly lost the election to Douglas but won a huge following through these debates that helped him in his next run.

John Brown Raid: • John Brown viewed himself an angel of

God avenging the evil of slavery.

• By the fall of 1859, Brown with 21 recruits including 5 free African Americans set out to seize the federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia).

• The largest collection of weapons in the South worth $7 million.

• He wanted to arm the Slaves to rebel against their owners.

John Brown Raid: • But the effort failed.

• Few Americans, both Black or White were prepared to join a rebellion organized by this intense, fanatical white man.

• A company of U.S. Marines, led by Colonel Robert E. Lee (1808-70) and Lieutenant J. E. B. Stuart (1833-64), overran Brown and his followers.

• Brown was wounded and captured, while 10 of his men were killed, including two of his sons.

Growing Division • Stephen Douglas accused the

Republicans of instigating Brown’s attack.

• Many Northerners thought abolitionist activism had gone too far.

• But others now saw Brown as a courageous martyr.

• Southern congressmen demanded an investigation.

• Uncertainty caused a steep drop in cotton prices and many southerners were prepared for war.

Reflection questions:

Was John Brown a terrorist or hero?

Do you think John Brown was justified on what he

did?

If you were a lawyer would you defend or

prosecute John Brown?

CHAPTER 10:4 Objectives: o Students will compare the

candidates in the election of 1860

and analyze the results.

o We will analyze why southern

states seceded from the Union.

o We will assess the events that led

to the outbreak of the Civil War.

Verse of the Day:

“And if a kingdom be divided

against itself, that kingdom cannot

stand. And if a house be divided

against itself, that house cannot

stand.” Mark 3:24-25

The Election of 1860 o With tensions at its apex the elections of

1860 became a key election.

o In the spring of 1860 Mississippi Senator Jefferson Davis convinced Congress to adopt resolutions restricting federal control over slavery in the territories.

o The resolutions also asserted that the Constitution prohibited Congress or any state from interfering with Slavery in Slave States.

o States rights were a concern in the south and the fear was that northern radicals would conspire to eliminate slavery not only in the territories but the South itself.

The Election of 1860 • The Democratic party split over

slavery, with northern Democrats nominating Stephen Douglas on the basis of popular sovereignty.

• The Southern democrats nominated Vice President John C. Breckinridge of Kentucky.

• Breckinridge was committed to expanding slavery into the territories.

The Election of 1860

• Republicans nominated Abraham

Lincoln.

• Lincoln was more moderate in his

views on slavery than the more

radical William H. Seward of New

York.

The Election of 1860 • The Republican platform called for the end of

slavery in the territories.

• At the same time, the Republicans defended the right of each state to control its own constitution.

• And stipulated that there should be no interference with slavery in the states where it already existed.

• Lincoln with his great debating skills, his moderate views and his reputation for integrity was seen as the ideal candidate to carry the Republican platform to victory.

Lincoln Wins the Election: • Lincoln won the election handily with

40 percent of the popular vote and almost 60 percent of the electoral vote.

• Still he did not receive a single southern electoral vote.

• In fact he was not even on the ballot in most southern states.

• This showed that this election was divided on the basis of regional loyalty rather than national politics.

Discussion Question:

If citizens of a state or territory vote in a

controversial law that is immoral such as slavery,

do you think the government has the right to go

against the will of the people and overturn that

law?

The Union Collapses o Southerners were outraged that a

President could be elected without a single southern vote.

o From the Southerners’ perspective, the South no longer had a voice in the national government.

o They decided to act.

o On December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first state to secede from the Union.

o In the next few weeks, six other states of the South seceded from the Union.

The Union Collapses

• In Feb 1861, seven seceding

states established the Confederate

States of America.

• They created a new government

and frame a constitution similar to

the U.S. Constitution.

The Union Collapses

• However it stressed:

• The independence of each state and implied that states had the right to secede.

• It also guaranteed the protection of slavery.

• To win the support of Britain and France, which adamantly opposed the slave trade, it prohibited importing new slaves from other countries.

The Union Collapses • Not all the southerners backed

the Confederacy.

• Some large planters with economic ties to the North still hoped for a compromise.

• So too did small farmers with no vested interest in slavery.

• Jefferson Davis became president to gain these citizens loyalty because he supported the Compromise of 1850.

The Union Collapses • John Crittenden drafted a

Crittenden Compromise proposing a constitutional amendment allowing slavery in the western territories south of the Missouri Compromise line.

• He also called for federal funds to reimburse slaveholders for unreturned fugitives.

• It was narrowly voted down.

War Begins:

• Lincoln was sworn into office

on March 4, 1861.

• In his inaugural address, he

stated that he did not want to

directly or indirectly interfere

with the institution of slavery

in the states where it exists

but he did intend to preserve

the Union.

Discussion Question:

Would you prefer a peaceful secession of slave

states to form their own nation as John Calhoun

advocated or would you want to preserve the

United States, even to the point where it can only

be preserved through a bloody Civil War?

War Begins: • When the Southern states

seceded; they seized the federal forts and arsenals within their borders.

• Only four forts remained in Union hands.

• The most important of these was Fort Sumter which guarded the harbor at Charlestown, South Carolina.

War Begins: • The South prevented supplies from

reaching the fort and demanded its surrender.

• Lincoln sought a compromise and informed the South he was wanting to send food and not arms to the fort.

• South Carolina troops were suspicious of Lincoln’s motives and demanded that the Fort surrender.

• The troops in the fort refused, and the Confederate forces fired upon the Fort.

• Union forces at Fort Sumter ran out of ammo and was forced to surrender.

Attempted Compromises and Failures

o Three-fifths Compromise (U.S. Constitution)

o Missouri Compromise (Attempted to balance free and slave states)

o Compromise of 1850 (California admitted as free state, Utah and New Mexico would decide slavery through popular sovereignty, ending slave trade in Washington D.C. and stricter fugitive slave laws.

o Dred Scott Case.

o John Brown’s Raid

o Lincoln’s Election

o Eph_4:26 Be ye angry, and sin not: let not the sun go down upon your wrath:

Reflection questions:

Was the War the Only way to solve slavery?

If you were Abraham Lincoln, what would have

you done to prevent the Civil War or did he do

everything he can already?

CHAPTER 11:1 Objectives: o We will examine the strength and

the weaknesses of both the North

and the South.

o We will analyze the resources and

strategies of the North and the

South.

Verse of the Day:

Gal_6:7 Be not deceived; God is

not mocked: for whatsoever a man

soweth, that shall he also reap.

War Begins: • Reaction from the North was shock

and anger and in April 15 Lincoln called for 75,000 troops to fight against the Confederacy.

• South responded just as strongly.

• At the outbreak of hostilities, the states of Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee and North Carolina joined the Confederacy.

• Both sides thought that they would win quickly, and both were wrong.

Advantages of the Union • North enjoyed a tremendous

advantage in population.

• Some 22 million people lived in the states that stayed in the Union.

• By contrast the Confederacy had population of only 9 million of whom 3.5 million were enslaved Africans.

• Industrialized north had most of the nation’s coal and iron and the vast source of gold, silver and other resources from the west.

Advantages of the Union • The densely populated urban

areas of the Northeast supported a wide variety of manufacturing.

• With mechanized factories and steady flow of European immigrants seeking work, the Union could produce more ammunition, arms, uniforms, medical supplies, and railroad cars than the Confederacy could.

Advantages of the Union

• The Union had a larger railroad network for moving troops and materials.

• The Union had a small but well-organized navy.

• By 1861, the Union had launched more than 250 warships, with dozens more under construction.

Advantages of the Union

• The South had no navy at all.

• Leaving vulnerable to a naval

blockade in which Union

ships prevented merchant

vessels from entering or

leaving the South’s few good

ports crippling Southern

trade.

Advantages of the Union

• Confederate government was new

and inexperienced.

• The North had an established

government and an outstanding

leader in Abraham Lincoln.

Advantages of Confederates

• Psychological advantage.

• Many Northerners were willing to let the

slaveholding South go.

• To them, preserving the Union is not

worth killing and dying for.

• But the confederacy was fighting for

survival and they believed passionately in

their way of life.

Advantages of Confederates

• The South also had a strong military

tradition and outstanding officers.

• Virginia’s Robert E. Lee who had an

outstanding record in the U.S. Army and

actually opposed secession and slavery

but could not go against his home state

of Virginia.

Reflection questions

If you were Robert Lee, would you have gone against your own personal moral conviction against slavery so you can

support your home state?

Are you willing to risk conflict with close loved ones over your strong moral or religious convictions? For example, if your family were Southerners and you were a officer in the U.S. Army would you quit the army and join the South or will you fight against your family and remain loyal to the North?

Mat_10:37 He that loveth father or

mother more than me is not worthy

of me: and he that loveth son or

daughter more than me is not

worthy of me.

Strategic Advantage:

• The South did not need to conquer the North; it simply had to avoid defeat, expecting that in time the North would give up the effort.

• By and large southern forces would be fighting a defensive war on familiar, friendly ground while northern forces had to fight an offensive war in enemy territory.

Advantages of Confederates

• Union troops and supplies had to travel farther to reach the field of battle.

• The North also had to devote precious military resources to defend Washington D.C.

• Only the Potomac River separated the Union capital from Confederate Virginia.

Confederacy seeks Foreign Support: • Militarily, the South hoped to preserve its small

armies while doing enough damage to erode the Union’s will to fight.

• Politically it hoped to win formal recognition from Britain and France.

• Trade with these nations was crucial for manufacturing goods.

• These nations depended on Southern Cotton for their factories and the thinking was that they would give military support to have the raw cotton continue for their factories.

Union Strategy

• Two part plan devised by General Winfield

Scott, a Virginia born hero of the Mexican-

American war and the commander of all U.S.

Forces in 1861.

1. The Union would blockade southern ports,

starving the South of income and supplies.

Then Union forces would drive southward

along the Mississippi River.

2. Union control of the Mississippi would split

the Confederacy in two, fatally weakening it.

Union Strategy

• Scott’s plan came to be known as the

Anaconda plan after a type of snake that

coils around its prey and squeezes it to

death.

• Some thought the strategy was too soft

and wanted to liberate the slaves for a

quick victory.

• However, expectations from both sides

that the War would be over quickly.

Union Strategy • The Union was faced a tricky

political question: how to prevent the secession of Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware, and Maryland.

• Although these border states allowed slavery, they had not joined the Confederacy.

• Lincoln knew that if they chose to secede, the Union could be lost.

Assignment:

Pair with a partner and list similarities you see in

both the Civil War and the American Revolution.

Is there any similarities with the South and the

Colonists? Is there any similarities with the North

and the British? List four similarities you see.