Chapter 7- Middle Childhood

Body and Mind

AgendaWelcomeSubmit homework- reactions?Middle childhoodBody changesHealth ConcernsPhysical Activity

Body Changes

Early Childhood Middle Childhood

Each year adds: Each year adds:

Body description:

HealthA healthy timeBe aware:

AsthmaObesity

BMI calculator: http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/

Weight Status for Adults: Below 18.5 Underweight

18.5 – 24.9 Normal 25.0 – 29.9

Overweight 30.0 and Above Obese

Physical ActivityImportanceBenefitsPotential

challenges

Middle childhoodCharacteristics of thinking

Concrete operational ClassificationTransitive InferenceSeriationThe relevance of othersMemoryMetacognition

Theories About CognitionInformation-processing theory A perspective that compares human thinking

processes, by analogy, to computer analysis of data, including sensory input, connections, stored memories, and output.

Selective

Automatization-

Reaction time-

Theories About CognitionSensory memory- Also called the sensory

register.

Working memory- Also called short-term memory.

Long-term memory- The component of the information processing system in which virtually limitless amounts of information can be stored indefinitely.

Theories About CognitionMetacognition-

Metamemory-

Learning in SchoolLearning Language

By age 6

Some school-age children learn as many as 20 new words a day and apply grammar rules they did not use before.

Language Codes

Learning in SchoolThe Reading Wars

Phonics approach-

Whole-language approach-

Learning in SchoolThe Math Wars

Historically, math was taught by rote; children memorized number facts, such as the multiplication tables, and filled page after page of workbooks.

In reaction against this approach, many educators, inspired especially by Piaget and Vygotsky, sought to make math instruction more active and engaging- less a matter of memorization than of discovery.

Measuring the MindAptitude-

IQ test-

Achievement test-

Measuring the MindDevelopmental Psychopathology

The field that uses insights into typical development to understand and remediate developmental disorders, and vice versa.

Children with special needs-

Measuring the Mind

Measuring the MindSeveral lessons from developmental

psychopathology apply to everyone: 1. Abnormality is normal.

2. Disability changes year by year3. Adulthood may be better or worse than

childhood. Prognosis is difficult. 4. Diagnosis depends on the social context.

Measuring the MindAttention-deficit/hyperactivity

disorder (ADHD)-

Comorbidity-

Measuring the MindLearning disability-

Dyslexia-

Measuring the MindAutistic spectrum disorder-

Autism-

Asperger syndrome-

Measuring the Mind