Classification of noun clauses:

• Object clause

• Subject clause

• Predictive clause

• Appositive clause

Identify the following clauses:• That he survived the accident is a miracle.

• I don’ t know whether he will attend the concert.

• The problem is that we can’t get there early enough.

• There is a possibility that he is a spy.

Subject clause

Object clause

Predictive clause

Appositive clause

words that can be used before noun clauses:

类别 关联词 备注连接词 that 宾语从句中可省略

If, whether 宾语从句中多可通用，其他从句用 whether

连接代词 Who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever

连接副词 When, where, how, why

Object clause

• I really don’t know_____ he is doing.• Do you know _______ they are waiting for?• He asked______ dictionary it was.• He can’t tell ____ method they will use for

the experiment.• Pay attention ___ _____ the teacher said.

whatwho(m)

whose

which

to what注意：带有介词的宾语从句I wonder __ _____ he had given the letter.to whom

Predicative clause:

• Structure :

• S.+ link-verb + predictive clause

• 1. Link-verbs: be ,look, seem, remain, appear…

• 2. More sentence patterns:The reason… is that…

It is because…

• It seems _____________________.• 看起来要下雨了。• The reason why he didn’t come is ______

___________.• 他病了。• =It is ________________.• That is____________________________.• 他昨天旷课的原因。

as if it is going to rain

that he was ill

because he was ill

why he was absent from school yesterday.

Complete the passage with a proper word:• I am going to tell you _____ happened in my restaurant today.• This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my rest

aurant. Nobody knew ___ he was. After sitting down, he ordered a lot of food. He ate like a wolf. We wondered ____ he was so hungry. We were very surprised ___ he finished two orders of food in very limited time. We doubted ___ the man was able to pay for the food. When he was asked to pay the bill, the gentleman asked ____ we would mind waiting just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see ___ he took out of a letter with a million pound bank-note.

• I asked Mr Clemens __ it was genuine. Mr Clemens said it was true ___ two motes of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He thought ___ the gentleman showed them couldn’t be a fake. ____ a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there . I really couldn’t describe __ excited I was.

what

whythat whether

whetherthat

ifthat

whatThat

how

who

Homework: Complete the following sentences, using noun clauses as the object or the predicative.

• 1.The two brothers can’t agree to___________.• 2. Henry wonders _______________________.• 3. The first thing Henry decides to do is______.• 4. The waiter is surprised to find____________.• 5. The owner of the restaurant never

expects______________.• 6.It seems __________________________.• 7. What Henry wants to tell Portia is ________.• 8. Everyone may want to know _____________.

where they will go to xi’an.

Appositive clause• Words often used before appositive clause

s:• belief, fact, hope, idea, doubt, news, concl

usion, suggestion, problem, order, answer, decision, discovery, information, opinion, possibility, probability, statement, thought, report

• Sentence structure:The belief that-clause is....../ sb. have a belief that-clause.

Fill in the blanks with the proper words

• The news ____ we won the competition is very encouraging.

• I have no idea ____ has happened to him.• There is some doubt ________ he will

come.• There arose the question _____ we could

get the money.• There is no possibility _____ everyone can

spend Thanksgiving with their family, I think.

that

whatwhether

where

that

• Match the parts of the sentences in this exercise. some of them may be used in different ways.

The possibility that the world is flat

pleased the Canadians.

The idea that more and more people settle down in Canada

was exciting.

The hope that the weather in winter would be warmer

is not scientific.

The fact that we could go to France

terrifies many people

The belief that there will be an earthquake

surprises me.

Subject clause• That the earth is round is true.

• = It is true that the earth is round.

• Whether he will come hasn’t been decided.

= It hasn’t been decided whether he w

ill come.

用 it 作形式主语的结构• (1) It is ＋名词＋从句• It is a fact that … 事实是…• It is an honor that … 非常荣幸• It is common knowledge that… 是常识• (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 ( 多用 should)

• It is natural that… 很自然…• It is strange that… 奇怪的是…

(3) It is ＋ 不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It appears that… 似乎…(4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… It is said that… 据说…

主语从句不可以置于句首的四种情况：• It doesn’t matter + how /whether…• It doesn’t matter whether he likes it or not.• It is said/ reported…• It is said that a new library will be built.• It happens/occurs…• It occurred to her that she had forgotten to lock t

he door.• 含主语从句的疑问句，主语从不可提前：• Is it likely that it will snow in the afternoon?

高考英语名词性从句热点剖析

• that 和 what 都可以引导名词性从句，但 that 是连接词，本身无词义，仅起连接作用，不在从句中担任任何成份； what 是连接代词，不仅引导名词性从句，而且在从句中充当一定的成份，如主语、宾语或表语。

• That he stole a bike was true.

• 他偷了一部自行车是真的。 • The important thing is what you do,

but not what you say.

• 重要的是你做什么，而不是说什么。

Fill in the blanks with the proper words:• 1. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and

this is _______ disagree.• 2. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, __

____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.• 3. A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked no

thing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.

• 4. I think Father would like to know _____ I’ve been up to so far, so I decided to send him a quick note.

• 5. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _______ I thought was a dangerous speed.

• 6._______ she isn’t good at English is none of my business.

• 7. ______ he was admitted to Beijing University made all his family very happy.

where

whatthat

what

whatThat

That

• 连接代词 whoever ， whatever ， whichever 可引导名词性从句，相当于 anyone who, anything that 等。他们也可以引导让步状语从句，相当于 no matter who/ what/ which 。

• Whoever breaks the law should be punished. • = Anyone who breaks the law should be punishe

d. • No matter who breaks the law, he should be pun

ished.

• I’ll show you anything you want to see.

• I’ll show you _______ you want to see.

• You may choose anyone who you like.

• You may choose _______ you like.

• No matter who he is , he must obey the law.

• _______ he is , he must obey the law.

whatever

whoever

Whoever

• 引导主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句：• whoever=anyone who

• whomever=anyone whom

• whosever=anyone whose

• whatever=anything that

• whichever=anything that

• 引导状语从句：• whoever=no matter who

• whomever=no matter whom

• whosever=no matter whose

• whatever=no matter what

• whichever=no matter which

• 1. It is pretty well understood ___ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (2003 上海 )

• 2. --- I think it’s going to be a big problem.

• 　　 --- Yes, it could be.

• 　　 --- I wonder ___ we can do about it.(2002 上海春 )

what

what

• 3. You should make it a rule to leave things _______ you can find them often. (1999NMET)

• 4. A computer can only do ________ you have instructed it to do. (2001NMET)

where

what

• 5. Parents are taught to understand _____ important education is to their children’s future.

•

• 6. I like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004 NMET)

• 　　 A. this B. that C. it D. one

how

it

• 7. The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand ___ they insist on going by motor-bike. (2004NMET)

• 8. We can’t figure out ___ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.(2004 北京 )

why

why

• 9.The old lady’s hand shook frequently, she explained to her doctor ________ this shaking had begun half a year before, and _______, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job..

• 10.The poor young man is ready to accept _____ help he can get.

how

how

whatever