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Cluster development policy to improve competitiveness in the agrofood sector
Alberto PezziDirector of cluster unit
Girona, 30th June 2017
CLUSTER POLICY25th anniversary
Palau de la GeneralitatBarcelona8th June 2017
CLUSTER POLICY IN CATALONIA
Catalan productive fabric is very concentrated in clusters due to its industrial heritage
SMEs are the backbone of Catalan economy and clusters allows economies of scale in understanding strategic challenges and implementing collaborative projects.
Cluster policy focusses on the development of endogenous assets and require limited funding
Source: J.M. Hernández, J. Fontrodona, A. Pezzi, Map of industrial production systems in Catalonia, 2005.
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CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES WORLDWIDE
2001199719921980
Emilia-RomagnaToscana(industrial-districts based policies) ....
CatalunyaBasque CountryScotlandChihuahuaArizonaMassachussets New Zealand
ChristchurchSonomaCosta RicaMorocco
....
SwedenFranceTurkeyLithuaniaBarcelona 22@
AustriaJordanMéxicoCampecheSouth AfricaRhône Alpes.... Estonia
DenmarkSloveniaUK
1990 2003 2008
MedellinPakistanPolandDominican Republic….
ColombiaRio Negro (AR)RussiaMinas Gerais
…… 2017
Aprox. over 5.000 Initiatives at world llevel
Over 2.500 clusterorganizationat European level(source ECO)
Source: TCI cluster initiatives database, TCI research and practice
Selected regions and countries withcluster-based development initiatives
ILLUSTRATIVENOT EXHAUSTIVE
SCOPE: NATIONALREGIONALLOCAL-CITY
1990 M.E. Porter, The Competitive Advantage of Nations, Boston 2008 EC COM, Towards world class clusters in the EU
1997-98 First practitioners conference promoted by WB and creation of TCI Network
2013 onPhase IV
OVERVIEW OF CATALAN CLUSTER POLICY
Over two decades of learning by doing experience and policy adjustments
Microclusterapproach, as the unit of reference for competitiveness of reinforcement initiatives
Consolidation,internal skill development and project diversification
Evolution of cluster concept, institutionalization and professionalization
1993 – 2004Phase I
1993 – 2004Phase II
2009 - 2013Phase III
Innovating in .... cluster scope and definition.... support tools
.... governance
Catalonia cluster program, definition of a policy framework to pursue cluster excellence
ILLUSTRATIVE
.... policy framework....
KEY ELEMENTS OF CATALAN CLUSTER POLICY
FOCUS ON STRATEGIC CHANGE
COMBINATION OF ANALYSIS AND PROCESS TOOLS BASED ON PROF. PORTER’S METHODOLOGY
Lead
ersh
ip
GovernmentEnterprises PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
PROVISION OF SPECIALIZED SERVICES FOR THE CAPACITATION OF CLUSTER MANAGERS
CROSS-SECTORIAL COOPERATIONAND INTERNATIONAL CONNECTION
OBJECTIVES
To promote the use of clusters as a tool to reinforce the competitiveness of firms To fine-tune and coordinate Government’s action in cluster policy To rationalise Catalan cluster ecosystem & to increase its international visibility
MAIN ADMISSION CRITERIA
Scope & Critical mass (# firms, aggregate turnover, regional scope)
Governance and professionalization (ESCA Bronze Label, private leadership, not for profit)
Alignment with Government’s cluster policy
STRATEGIC FOCUS
Open and voluntary programme focused in promoting excellence of cluster organisations
Designed for a 3 years duration with constant renewal of criteria and services
CATALONIA CLUSTERS PROGRAMME
Clusters Members Turnover Employees
30 >2.100 > 65.000M€ 290.000
CATALONIA CLUSTER PROGRAMME – 1ST EDITION (2014-2016)
PROGRAMME CONTINUOS
IMPROVEMENT
- LEARNING BY DOING CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT
- SERVICE-BASED SUPPORT- BALANCED PORTFOLIO- PPP AND GOVERNANCE- POLICY BENCHMARKING- POLICY INNOVATION INTERNATIONAL
CONNECTION
- INTERNATIONAL MISSIONS- EUROPEAN PROJECTS- INTERNATIONAL INTER-CLUSTERS MEET- PARTICIPATION IN EUROPEAN AND
INTERNATIONAL NETWORKS
STRATEGIC CHANGE & CROSS-CLUSTER COLLABORATION
- CROSS-SECTORAL AND CROSS-CLUSTER WORK
- STRATEGIC CHANGE AS A DRIVER OF COMPETITIVE IMPROVEMENT
- COMPETITIVE-BASED GRANT SCHEME
EVALUATION AND VISIBILITY
- EVALUATION FRAMEWORK IMPLEMENTATION
- PUBLICATIONS AND ACCIÓ’S NEW WEBSITE, CLUSTER EVENTS
CATALONIA CLUSTER POLICY STRATEGY
Excellence“World Class Clusters”
Strategic coaching
Training and project development guidance
Networking
Support to Internationalization
A SERVICE-BASED PROGRAMME
Specialized services: ESPAI CATALONIA CLUSTERS: launched June2016 – currently 11 clusterorganization are sharing a co-working space in Barcelona
TYPOLOGY OF PROJECTS PROMOTED
Strategic changeEx. Fashion textile cluster evolution from microcluster to strategy focused <
Horizontal collaborationEx. Kid of the future (Joint market study on trends & opportunities for the kids market)
InternationalizationEx. EU4SportsClustersAlliance (EU project to foster internationalisation of SMEs)
Innovation and R&DEx. Vinoptics (Photonics applied to the viticulture sector, collaborative initiative between Innovi andSecPho)
Cross-clusterEx. Innovation in water treatment (Collaborative project between the water and pork meat clusters)
Clusters Members Turnover Employees
30 >2.100 > 65.000M€ 290.000
CATALONIA CLUSTER PROGRAMME – 1ST EDITION (2014-2016)
5 members of CATALONIA CLUSTERS:
12.500 M.€286 COMPANIES66.000 JOBS
Big Distr.Chains
HORECA
LeadingBrand
RetailBrand
DistributionserviceFood
service
Retailspecialist
+ Brand
- Brand
Gourmet
Trad. retail
Retailspecialist
NewChannels
FunctionalFood
From traditional statistically-definedcluster initiatives to strategy-centered ones
MeatFuit and vegetablesWine and cavaOlive oil…
FROM FOOD SECTOR TO FOOD RELATED CLUSTERS
OrganicFood
> 3.700 companies> 25 Bn € turnover
• Market intelligence
• Internationalization
• Product development and differentiation
• Sustainability & circular economy
• Food safety
• Skilled personnel
• Tourism and gastronomy
• …
SOME COMMON STRATEGIC CHALLENGES FOR AGRO-FOOD CLUSTERS
• Individual strategies• Collaborative projects at
cluster and inter-cluster level• Business environment
reinforcement
Social Network
Lots of products
GOURMET CLUSTER : PROMOTION
Alimentaria trade fair
JOINT DISTRIBUTION at the most visited tourist spot in Catalonia
Meeting point of Gourmet sector
EXAMPLES OF PROJECTS AT CLUSTER LEVEL (1)DIFFERENT PRE-COMPETITIVE INITIATIVES
Independent bars sector is highly fragmented
958 Companies47.000 Establishments10.500M€1 bar/170 inhabitants
Catalonia
35.000 Establishments32.000M€1 bar/135 inhabitants
Spain
SURVEY / MARKET STUDY understand the independent bars sector in Catalonia in order to improve commercial and marketing efforts.
WHY CLUSTERS? MARKET INTELLIGENCEEXAMPLES OF PROJECTS AT CLUSTER LEVEL (2)COMMON STUDIES / SURVEY FOR MARKET INTELLIGENCE
PACKAGING ENGINEERING POSTGRADUATE // UPC
CREATING LINKS BETWEEN ACADEMIA, EDUCATION AND BUSINESS
ENCOURAGING TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION PROJECTS IN EDUCATION
EXAMPLES OF PROJECTS AT CLUSTER LEVEL (3)IMPROVING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT ADDRESSING TRAINING OFFER GAPS
EXAMPLES OF PROJECTS AT INTER-CLUSTER LEVEL (1)INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP AT ALIMENTARIA
A new cured and enriched snack of salami
EXAMPLES OF PROJECTS AT INTER-CLUSTER LEVEL (2)DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHLY HEALTHY PORK PRODUCTS
INNOVATION IN WATER TREATMENTEFFICIENCY AND SUSTAINABILITY OF WATER CONSUMPTION IN THE FOOD SECTOR
EXAMPLES OF PROJECTS AT INTER-CLUSTER LEVEL (3): OPERATIVE EFFICIENCY AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY
CROSS-SECTORIAL PROJECTS
FOCUSES ON: FOOD SAFETY, SUSTAINABILITY, FRESH FISH PACKAGING AND ACTIVE AND INTELLIGENT PACKAGING
EXAMPLES OF PROJECTS: INTERNATIONALIZATIONFOODNETWORK (DK), PACKAGING AND AINS INNOVATION EXPRESS PROJECT
Decrease carbon and water footprint
EXAMPLES OF PROJECTS: CIRCULAR ECONOMY & SHARED VALUE
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25 YEARS OF CLUSTER POLICY: MAIN LESSON LEARNED
CLUSTER IS ALWAYS A TOOL
CUSTOMIZED APPROACH IN A COMMON FRAMEWORK
KEY ELEMENTS OF CLUSTER POLICY: PPP & STRATEGIC CHANGE
CONTINUOUS LEARNING BY DOING AND POLICY EVOLUTION
CLUSTERING IS ABOUT BUSINESS, BUT PEOPLE ARE THE KEY
CLUSTER POLICY HAVE A LONG TERM PERSPECTIVE ANDSEDIMENTATE SOCIAL CAPITAL INTO K-BASED ORGANIZATIONS
Over 2000 firms and 100 cluster professionals
actively involved in cluster initiatives
Cluster policy in place since 1992 led by the Government of Catalonia
Other local entitiesworking at cluster level:
Other agents:Business schools
Specialized consultancy firms, etc.
Headquarters of the leadingglobal practitioners network
Home of the leading Europeantraining institution
for cluster practitioners
CATALONIA: A WORLD-CLASS CLUSTER ECOSYSTEM
