conflict of laws reviewer.pdf

8/14/2019 conflict of laws reviewer.pdf

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REVIEWER IN CONFLICT OF LAWSCheryl M. Navarro2007-0026Arellano Unver!"y S#hool o$ La%

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Con$l#" o$ La%!- or &rva"e In"erna"onal La%- "ha" 'ar" o$ "he ()n#'al la% o$ a !"a"e %h#h *re#"! "!

#o)r"! an* a*(n!"ra"ve a+en#e!, %hen #on$ron"e* %"ha le+al 'role( nvolvn+ a $ore+n ele(en", %he"her orno" "hey !ho)l* a''ly $ore+n la% or $ore+n la%!.

&)l# In"erna"onal La%- "he o*y o$ le+al r)le! %h#h a''ly e"%een !overe+n!"a"e! an* !)#h o"her en""e! a! have een +ran"e*n"erna"onal 'er!onal"e!.

ISTINCTIONS /ETWEEN CONFLICT OF LAWS AN &U/LICINTERNATIONAL LAW

CONFLICT OF LAW /ASIS LAW OF NATIONS

.1 MUNICI&AL Na")re INTERNATIONAL2.1 &RIVATEINIVIUALS

&er!on! Involve* SOVEREIN STATES3 ENTITIES&OSSESSE OF ANINTERNATIONAL&ERSONALIT4

&RIVATE Tran!a#"on! ENERALL4AFFECTIN &U/LICINTEREST5 TOSEWIC IN ENERAL

ARE OF INTERESTTO SOVEREINSTATES

RESORT TOMUNICI&AL

TRI/UNALS

Re(e*e!San#"on!

MA4 /E FORCI/LEOR &EACEFUL

Forcible:. !everan#e o$

*'lo(a"#rela"on!,

2. re"or!on!,

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8. re'r!al!,9. e(ar+o,:. oy#o"",6. non-

n"er#o)r!e,7. 'a#$#

lo#;a*e!,


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Theory o$ ar(ony o$ La%!- In (any #a!e! %e have "o a''ly "he $ore+n la%! !o "ha"

!HEREVER A CASE IS DECIDED, .e., rre!'e#"ve o$ "he$or)(, THE SO"TION SHO"D BE APPRO$IMATE"%THE SAME

- "h)!, *en"#al or !(lar !ol)"on! any%here an*every%here. When "he +oal ! realBe*, "here %ll e ahar(ony o$ la%!.

Theory o$ )!"#e- "he PRPOSE OF A"" "A!S, n#l)*n+ Con$l#" o$ La%!,

! "he DISPENSING OF &STICE'- $ "h! #an e a""ane* n (any #a!e! y a''lyn+ "he

'ro'er $ore+n la%, %e ()!" *o !o.

Co("y- "he RECONITION "ha" one na"on allo%! %"hn "!

"err"ory, "o "he LEISLATIVE, EECUTIVE OR UICIALACTS OF ANOTER NATION, havn+ *)e re+ar* o"h "oINTERNATIONAL UT4 an* CONVENIENCE, an* "he RITSOF ITS OWN CITIDENS, or o"her 'er!on! %ho are )n*er "he'ro"e#"on o$ "! la%!.

Chara#"erBa"on OCTRINE OF UALIFICATION- "he 'ro#e!! o$ *e"er(nn+ )n*er %ha" #a"e+ory a #er"an

!e" o$ $a#"! or r)le! $all- "he 'ro#e!! o$ *e#*n+ %he"her or no" "he $a#"! rela"e "o

"he ;n* o$ ?)e!"on !'e#$e* n a #on$l#"! r)le.- Al!o #alle* "he *o#"rne o$ ?)al$#a"on- The )l"(a"e ')r'o!e ! "o enale "he $or)( "o SE"ECT

THE PROPER "A!(

S"a")!

- "he 'la#e o$ an n*v*)al n !o#e"y, an*- #on!!"! o$ 'er!onal ?)al"e! an* rela"on!h'!, (ore or

le!! 'er(anen", %"h %h#h "he !"a"e an* "he #o(()n"yare #on#erne*.

- A(on+ "he "hn+! %h#h (a;e )' "he !"a")! o$ a 'er!onare "he $$. h! en+ (arre* or )n(arre*, %*o%e* or*vor#e*, h! en+ a le+"(a"e or an lle+"(a"e #hl* o$h! 'aren"!, h! en+ a (nor or h! havn+ rea#he* "hea+e o$ (a@or"y5 h! #a'a#"y "o en"er n"o varo)!"ran!a#"on!.

Ca'a#"y

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- (erely a 'ar" o$ !"a")!, an* "he !)( "o"al o$ h! r+h"! an*ol+a"on!.

- The Cvl Co*e *!"n+)!he! 2 ;n*! o$ #a'a#"y CA&ACIT4TO ACT an* URIICAL CA&ACIT4.

- Ca'a#"y "o a#" or ACTIVE CA&ACIT4 ! "he 'o%er "o *oa#"! %"h le+al e$$e#"!

- )r*#al #a'a#"y or &ASSIVE CA&ACIT4 ! "he $"ne!! "o e"he !)@e#" o$ le+al rela"on!

&er!onal La%- The la% "ha" a""a#he! "o an n*v*)al, %herever he (ay

+o-- a la% "ha" +enerally +overn! h! !"a")!, h! #a'a#"y, h!

$a(ly rela"on!, an* "he #on!e?)en#e! o$ h! a#")a"on!.

- Th! (ay e "he NATIONA" "A!o$ h! DOMICI"IAR%"A!or "he "A! OF THE SITS*e'en*n+ )'on "he"heory a''le* an* en$or#e* n "he $or)(.

Na"onal"y Theory- "he "heory y vr")e o$ %h#h "he !"a")! an* #a'a#"y o$ an

n*v*)al are )e*erall+ +overne* y "he la% o$ h!na"onal"y.

Na")ralBa"on

- a @)*#al 'ro#e!! o$ a#?)rn+ #"Ben!h' %here $or(al"e!o$ "he la% have "o e #o('le* %"h, n#l)*n+ a UICIALEARIN an* A&&ROVAL OF TE &ETITION

- " (ay al!o (ean "he a#?)!"on o$ ano"her #"Ben!h' y!)#h a#"! a! (arra+e "o a #"Ben, an* "he e>er#!e o$ "heo'"on "o ele#" a 'ar"#)lar #"Ben!h'.

o(#lary Theory- "he "heory "ha" n +eneral, "he !"a")!, #on*"on, r+h"! an*

ol+a"on!, an* #a'a#"y GSCROC1 o$ a 'er!on !ho)l* e

+overne* y "he la% o$ h! *o(#le.

S")! or E#le#"# Theory- n +eneral, "he #a'a#"y, le+al #on*"on, or !"a")! GC.LC.S1

o$ an n*v*)al !ho)l* e +overne* y "he la% o$ "he'la#e %here an ('or"an" ele(en" o$ "he 'role( o##)r!or !")a"e*.

- I$ "he 'ar"#'a"on o$ "he n*v*)al #on#erne* ! a#"ve a!%hen he *oe! "he a#" vol)n"arly, "he +overnn+ la% ! "hela% o$ "he a#")al !")! o$ "he 'la#e o$ "he "ran!a#"on or

even".

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- I$ "he 'ar"#'a"on ! 'a!!ve, a! %hen "he e$$e#"! o$ "hea#" are !e" $or"h n "he la%, "he +overnn+ la% ! "he la% o$"he le+al !")! or "he le+al !")! o$ an n*v*)al !!)''o!e* "o e h! *o(#le.

RENVOI- l"erally (ean! REFERRIN /ACH5- "he 'role( ar!e! %hen "here ! *o)" a! "o %he"her a

re$eren#e "o a $ore+n la% ! a re$eren#e "o "he n"ernal la%o$ !a* $ore+n la%, or ! a re$eren#e "o "he %hole o$ "he$ore+n la%, n#l)*n+ "! #on$l#"! r)le!.

- renvo G$ro( "he Fren#h, (eann+ !en* a#; or "ore")rn )no'ene*1 ! a !)!e" o$ "he #ho#e o$ la%r)le!an* " (ay e a''le* %henever a $or)( #o)r"! *re#"e*

"o #on!*er "he la% o$ ano"her !"a"e.

OU/LE RENVOI- o##)r! %hen "he lo#al #o)r", n a*o'"n+ "he $ore+n #o)r"

"heory, *!#over! "ha" "he $ore+n #o)r" a##e'"! "he renvo- o)le Renvo or "he Fore+n Co)r"! o#"rne %h#h %ll

al!o en!)re 'ar"y o$ re!)l" !o lon+ a! no o"her relevan"la% ! )!n+ ". In "h! !#enaro, "he $or)( #o)r" #on!*er!"ha" " ! !""n+ a! "he $ore+n #o)r" an* %ll *e#*e "he(a""er a! "he $ore+n #o)r" %o)l*.

Tran!(!!on- "he 'ro#e!! o$ a''lyn+ "he la% o$ a $ore+n !"a"e "hro)+h

"he la% o$ a !e#on* $ore+n !"a"e.

Marra+e a! a #on"ra#"- ARTICLE FAMIL4 COE

Marra+e ! a !'e#al #on"ra#" o$ 'er(anen" )non e"%eena (an an* a %o(an en"ere* n"o n a##or*an#e %"h la%$or "he e!"al!h(en" o$ #on@)+al an* $a(ly l$e. I" ! "he

$o)n*a"on o$ "he $a(ly an* an nvolale !o#al n!"")"on%ho!e na")re, #on!e?)en#e! an* n#*en"! are +overne*y la% an* no" !)@e#" "o !"')la"on! e>#e'" "ha" (arra+e!e""le(en"! (ay $> "he 'ro'er"y rela"on! *)rn+ "he(arra+e %"hn "he l("! 'rov*e* y "he Fa(ly Co*e.

- (arra+e a! any o"her #on"ra#" ha! "%o ;n*! o$ re?)!"e!"he $or(al an* "he e!!en"al re?)!"e!.

Marra+e a! a S"a")!- #arre! %"h " ('l#a"on! n "%o $el*!

. "he real( o$ 'er!onal r+h"! an* ol+a"on! o$ "he!'o)!e!5 an*

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choice_of_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurisdiction_(area)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choice_of_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurisdiction_(area)


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2. "he real( o$ 'ro'er"y rela"on!.

Ann)l(en"- "he re(e*y "o a vo*ale (arra+e, .e., a val* (arra+e

)n"l ann)lle*.

A!ol)"e vor#e- a (o*e o$ *!!olvn+ "he (ar"al "e! +ran"e* $or #a)!e!

!)!e?)en" "o "he (arra+e #ere(ony. There ! no vor#en "he &hl''ne!.

Le+al Se'ara"on- or *vor#e a (en!a e" "horo- or !e'ara"on $ro( e* an* oar*

- or rela"ve *vor#e- *oe! no" !ever "he (arra+e on*!- Re#on#la"on 'reven"! a !)" $or le+al !e'ara"on or

re!#n*! one alrea*y +ran"e*.- Can e +ran"e* $or #a)!e! !)!e?)en" "o "he #elera"on

o$ "he (arra+e- The +ro)n*! are "ho!e +ven y "he na"onal la% o$ "he

'ar"e! #on#erne* na!()#h a! "h! ! ')rely a ?)e!"on o$!"a")!, "he val*"y o$ "he (arra+e en+ 're!)(e* ora*(""e*.

So(e ro)n*! $or Le+al Se'ara"onro)n*! $or le+al !e'ara"on Na"onal la% o$ "he 'ar"e!a1 A*)l"ery a1 $ o$ "he !a(e or #o((on

na"onal"y- "he #o((onna"onal la% +overn!

1 Con#)na+e 1 $ o$ *$$eren" na"onal"e!-"he +ro)n*! +ven y /OTna"onal la%! !ho)l* all e#on!*ere* 'ro'er +ro)n*!

#1 a""e('" y one !'o)!ea+an!" "he l$e o$ "he o"her

NOTE Re!*en#e re?)re(en"$ !)" ! ro)+h" n "he&hl''ne!

a1 $ #a)!eo##)rre* n "he &hl''ne!-NO RESIENCEREUIREMENT1 $ #a)!eo##)rre* o)"!*e "he&hl''ne!- ONE 4EAR

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RESIENCE ! re?)re* no)r #o)n"ry

LEAL SE&ARATION ISTINUISE FROM ANNULMENT OFMARRIAE

LEAL SE&ARATION ANNULMENTCan e +ran"e* $ro( #a)!e!ar!n+ a$"er "he #elera"on o$(arra+e

Can e +ran"e* $or #a)!e!e>!"n+ 'ror "o or a" "he "(e"he %e**n+ "a;e! 'la#e

ro)n*! are +ven y "hena"onal 'ar"e! #on#erne*

ro)n*! are +ven y "he le>lo# #elera"on!

&re!)(e! "he val*"y o$(arra+e

)e!"on! "he very e>!"en#eo$ "he !"a")!

ROUNS FOR LEAL SE&ARATION

. re'ea"e* 'hy!#al volen#e or +ro!!ly a)!ve #on*)#"*re#"e* a+an!" "he 'e""oner, a #o((on #hl*, or a #hl*o$ "he 'e""oner

2. 'hy!#al volen#e or (oral 're!!)re "o #o('el "he'e""oner "o #han+e rel+o)! or 'ol"#al a$$la"on

8. a""e('" o$ re!'on*en" "o #orr)'" or n*)#e "he 'e""oner,a #o((on #hl* or a #hl* o$ "he 'e""oner , "o en+a+e n

'ro!"")"on, or #onnvan#e n !)#h #orr)'"on orn*)#e(en"

9. $nal @)*+(en" !en"en#n+ "he re!'on*en" "o ('r!on(en"or (ore "han 6 year!, even $ 'ar*one*

:. *r)+ a**#"on or ha")al al#ohol!( o$ "he re!'on*en"6. le!an!( or ho(o!e>)al"y o$ "he re!'on*en"7. #on"ra#"n+ y "he re!'on*en" o$ a !)!e?)en" +a(o)!

(arra+e, %he"her n "he R& or aroa*)al n$*el"y Ga*)l"ery or #on#)na+e1 or 'erver!on=. a""e('" y "he re!'on*en" a+an!" "he l$e o$ "he

'e""oner0. aan*on(en" o$ 'e""oner y re!'on*en" %o

@)!"$ale #a)!e $or (ore "han one year.

No"e!

Mere 're'on*eran#e o$ ev*en#e %ll !)$$#e "o 'rove "hee>!"en#e o$ any o$ "he +ro)n*!, al"ho)+h n no.9, 'revo)!#r(nal #onv#"on ! e!!en"al n ve% o$ "he ne#e!!"y o$

a J$nal @)*+(en"K.

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Aan*on(en" a! )!e* heren ! !ynony(o)! "o #r(nal*e!er"on, .e., a h)!an*! or %$e! aan*on(en" or%ll$)l $al)re %"ho)" @)!" #a)!e "o 'rov*e $or "he #are,'ro"e#"on or !)''or" o$ "he !'o)!e %ho ! n ll heal"h or

ne#e!!"o)! #r#)(!"an#e!. Th! n#l)*e! o"h "heINTENTION "o A/ANON an* "he ETERNAL ACT y %h#h"he n"en"on ! #arre* n"o e$$e#".

&a"ern"y Gor (a"ern"y1- "he #vl !"a")! o$ "he $a"her Gor (o"her1 %"h re!'e#" "o

"he #hl* e+o""en y h( Gor her1.

Fla"on

- "he !"a")! o$ "he #hl* n rela"on "o "he $a"her or (o"her.

&aren"al A$$e#"on- "he love o$ "he 'aren"! $or "he #hl*

Flal A$$e#"on- "he love o$ "he #hl* $or "he 'aren"!

Le+"(a"on- a re(e*y or 'ro#e!! y (ean! o$ %h#h "ho!e %ho n $a#"

%ere no" orn n %e*lo#;, an* !ho)l* "here$ore eor*narly #on!*ere* lle+"(a"e #hl*ren, are, y $#"onan* )'on #o('lan#e %"h #er"an re?)re(en"!, re+ar*e*y "he la% a! le+"(a"e, " en+ !)''o!e* "ha" "hey %ereorn %hen "her 'aren"! %ere alrea*y val*ly (arre*.

- T,e re-ui.i/e. for le)i/i0a/io* are /,o.e 1re.cribe2b+ /,e *a/io*al la3 of /,e fa/,er(

The $ollo%n+ #on!"")"e "he n"ernal re?)!"e! $or "hele+"(a"on o$ an lle+"(a"e #hl*

1 The #hl* ()!" e #on#eve* an* orn o)"!*e %e*lo#; o$'aren"! %ho a" "he "(e o$ "he #on#e'"on %ere*!?)al$e* y any ('e*(en" "o (arry ea#h o"her.

21 There ()!" e !)!e?)en" val* (arra+e

When %e (en"on "he rela"on!h' e"%een "he #hl* an* "he'aren"!, %e n$eren"ally n#l)*e al!o "he $ollo%n+ (a""er!

a1 're!)('"on! o$ le+"(a#y an* lle+"(a#y

1 r+h"! an* ol+a"on! o$ 'aren"! an* #hl*ren


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#1 'aren"al a)"hor"y*1 re#'ro#al !)''or"

A*o'"on- "he 'ro#e!! o$ (a;n+ a #hl*, %he"her rela"e* or no" "o

"he a*o'"er, 'o!!e!! n +eneral "he r+h"! a##or*e* "o ale+"(a"e #hl*.

CONFLICTS RULES ON AO&TION

1 Whe"her or no" "he !"a")! o$ a*o'"on ha! een #rea"e**e'en*! on "he na"onal la% o$ "he a*o'"er.

21 I$ "he a*o'"on "a;e! 'la#e n "he &hl''ne!, o)r #o)n"ry!'ro#e*)ral re?)!"e! ()!" e #o('le* %"h n a##or*an#e

%"h "he "heory o$ le> $or n 'ro#e*)ral (a""er.81 A*o'"on #anno" e allo%e* %"ho)" @)*#al a''roval.91 The $ollo%n+ are no" allo%e* "o a*o'"

- The UARIAN WIT RES&ECT TO TE WAR'ror "o "hea''roval o$ "he $nal a##o)n"! ren*ere* )'on "he"er(na"on o$ "her +)ar*an!h' rela"on5

- Any 'er!on %ho ha! een CONVICTE OF A CRIMEINVOLVIN MORAL TUR&ITUE5

- An ALIEN e>#e'"

a1 a for0er Fili1i*o ci/i4e*%ho !ee;! "o a*o'" a rela"vey #on!an+)n"y

1 one %ho !ee;! "o a2o1/ /,e le)i/i0a/e c,il2o$ h!herFl'no !'o)!e5 or

#1 one %ho ! 0arrie2 /o a Fili1i*o ci/i4e*an* !ee;! "oa*o'" @on"ly %"h h!her !'o)!e a rela"ve y#on!an+)n"y o$ "he la""er.

No"e

An alen %"h %ho!e +overn(en" o$ "he R& ha! no *'lo(a"#rela"on! (ay no" e a*o'"e*.

A*o'"on o$ a $ore+ner *oe! no" +ran" !a* $ore+ner&hl''ne #"Ben!h'.

o#"rne o$ I(()"al"y o$ S"a")!- "heory "ha" "he STATS OF A CHI"D5 HIS "EGITIMAC%5

IS NOT AFFECTED B% AN% SBSE#ENT CHANGE IN

THE NATIONA"IT% OF THE PARENTS.

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- o%ever, "he na"onal la% o$ "he 'aren"! %ll e #han+e*!ho)l* "he 'aren"! e$$e#" a #han+e o$ na"onal"y "her+h"! an* ol+a"on! o$ 'aren"! an* #hl* %ll no% e*e"er(ne* y "he ne% na"onal la%.

E>a('le A Fl'no lle+"(a"e #hl* %ho e#o(e! a le+"(a"e*#hl* o$ h! Fl'no 'aren"! y vr")e o$ re#o+n"on y o"h'aren"! an* "her !)!e?)en" val* (arra+e, #on"n)e! "o e ale+"(a"e #hl* even $ "he 'aren"! !ho)l* !)!e?)en"lye(ra#e ano"her na"onal"y.

The 'aren"al an* $lal r+h"! an* ol+a"on! %ll no% e+overne* "he NEW na"onal"y, )" "he #hl* ! #on!*ere* !"ll ale+"(a"e* #hl*, *e!'"e any #on"rary r)le )n*er "he ne%

na"onal"y. Moreover, "he ne% r+h"! an* ol+a"on! %ll ee$$e#"ve only $ro( "he (o(en" "he ne% na"onal"y !e(ra#e*, no" e$ore.

)ar*an!h'- "here are +enerally 8 ;n*! o$ +)ar*an!

. Guar2ia*. o6er /,e Per.o*- appointed+enerallyy "he #o)r"! where the ward is domiciled. Ther'o%er! are coextensive %"h "he a)"hor"y o$ "hea''on"n+ #o)r". en#e, a +)ar*an a! !)#h, ! no"

'er(""e* "o !)e n o"her @)r!*#"on! )nle!! h!+)ar*an!h' ! al!o re#o+nBe* n !)#h $ore+n#o)r"!. o%ever, he may litigate in his ownindividual or private capacity.

2. Guar2ia*. o6er /,e Pro1er/+ - appointed by thecourt where the property of the ward may be found5"her 'o%er! are $>e* y "he a''on"n+ #o)r", an*#anno" have e>"ra"err"oral a''l#a"on.

Sho)l* "he %ar* have 'ro'er"e! n $ore+n !"a"e!,a*cillar+ )uar2ia*.,i1 1rocee2i*).are('era"ve.

8. Ge*eral Guar2ia*.7 Gover o"h "he 'er!on an* "he'ro'er"y o$ "he %ar*!1. Can +enerally e a''on"e*only y "he #o)r" o$ "he #o)n"ry %here "he %ar* !*o(#le* an* %here "he 'ro'er"e! are lo#a"e*.&o%er! are #oe>"en!ve %"h "ho!e o$ "he #o)r" "ha"*e!+na"e* "he(.

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9. Do0iciliar+ Guar2ia*. Ga''on"e* y "he #o)r"! o$"he *o(#le o$ "he %ar*!1

:. A*cillar+ Guar2ia*. G"ho!e a''on"e* el!e%here1

Real &ro'er"y- 'ar" o$ "he #o)n"ry %here " ! lo#a"e*.- I"! ((oval"y (a;e! " lo+#al "ha" " !hall e !)@e#" "o

"he la%! o$ "he !"a"e! %here " ! $o)n* Gle> !")!le> re!"ae1

&er!onal &ro'er"y- (ovale 'ro'er"y- +overne* y "he la% o$ "he o%ner GMO/ILIA SEUUNTUR

&ERSONAM1- (ay e "an+le or n"an+le- TANI/LES- Cho!e! n 'o!!e!!on- INTANI/LES- Cho!e! n a#"on G!)#h a! !hare! o$ !"o#;,

$ran#h!e!, an* #o'yr+h"!1

REAL AN &ERSONAL &RO&ERTIES

FACTUAL SITUATION &OINT OF CONTACT1 Real

'ro'er"y

- e>"rn!# an* n"rn!#val*"y o$

E>#e'"on!a1 !)##e!!onal r+h"!1 #a'a#"y "o !)##ee*#1 #on"ra#"! nvolvn+ real

'ro'er"y )" %h#h *o no"*eal %"h "he ""le "here"o

*1 #on"ra#"! %here "he real

'ro'er"y ! +ven a!!e#)r"y

Le> re !"ae GAr". 6, NCC1

- na"onal la% o$ "he*e#e*en"

- na"onal la% o$ "he *e#e*en"- le> lo# vol)n"a"! le> lo#

n"en"on!

- "he 'rn#'al #on"ra#" G)!).Loan1 ! +overne* y "he'ro'er la% o$ "he #on"ra#"

Gle> lo# vol)n"a"! le> lo#

| & a + e

alena"on!, )!)$r)#","ran!$er!, lea!e,

(or"+a+e!, ea!e(en",#a'a#"y o$ 'ar"e!, 'ol#e 'o%er,n"er're"a"on o$*o#)(en"!,

e(nen" *o(an,

e$$e#"! o$o%ner!h',

"a>a"on,

#o-o%ner!h', ?)e"n+ o$ ""le,a##e!!on, re+!"ra"on an*'re!#r'"on


12/53

Tan+le &er!onal &ro'er"ya1 n +eneral

ECE&TIONS SAME AS TOSEFOR REAL &RO&ERT4

1 (ean! o$ "ran!'or"a"on

- ve!!el!

- o"her (ean!

#1 "hn+ n "ran!") G"he!e"hn+! have a #han+n+!"a")! e#a)!e "hey

(ove1- lo!!, *e!"r)#"on,

*e"erora"on- val*"y an* e$$e#" o$ "he

!eB)re o$ "he +oo*!

- *!'o!"on o$ alena"ono$ "he +oo*!

In"an+le 'er!onal 'ro'er"y

n"en"on!

no"e "he (or"+a+e "!el$,ho%ever, ! +overne* y "hele> re !"ae. There ! a'o!!l"y "ha" "he 'rn#'al#on"ra#" ! val* )" "he(or"+a+e ! vo*5 or " (ay e"he o"her %ay aro)n*. I$ "he'rn#'al #on"ra#" ! vo*, "he(or"+a+e %o)l* al!o e vo*G$or la#; o$ 'ro'er #a)!e or#on!*era"on0, al"ho)+h y"!el$, "he (or"+a+e #o)l* have

een val*.

n1 LE REI SITAE

E>#e'"on! !a(e a! "ho!e $orreal 'ro'er"y e>#e'" "ha" ne>a('le #on#ernn+ "he(or"+a+e "he !a(e ()!" e#han+e* "o a 1le2)eo$

'er!onal 'ro'er"y.

- la% o$ "he $la+ Gor n!o(e #a!e! o$ "he 'la#eo$ re+!"ry1

- la% o$ "he *e'o" orre!"n+ 'la#e

- la% o$ "he *e!"na"on

- lo#)! re+" a#")( G%here!eBe*1 e#. Sa* 'la#e !"her "e('orary !")!

- le> lo# vol)n"a"!le> lo#

n"en"on!

2| & a + e


13/53

a1 re#overy o$ *e"! ornvol)n"arya!!+n(en" o$ *e"!G+arn!h(en"1

1 vol)n"arya!!+n(en" o$ *e"!

#1 "a>a"on o$ *e"!*1 a*(n!"ra"on o$

*e"!

e1 ne+o"al"y or non-

ne+o"al"y o$ ann!"r)(en"

$1 val*"y o$ "ran!$er,*elvery orne+o"a"on o$ "hen!"r)(en"

+1 e$$e#" on a#or'ora"on o$ "he!ale #or'ora"e

!hare!

h1 e$$e#" e"%een "he'ar"e! o$ "he !aleo$ #or'ora"e !hare!

1 "a>a"on on "he*v*en*! o$#or'ora"e !hare!

@1 "a>a"on on "hen#o(e o$ "he !ale

a1 %here "he *e"or (ay ee$$e#"vely !erve* %"h!)((on! G)!). The*o(#le1

1 le> lo# vol)n"a"! le> lo#n"en"on! G'ro'er la% o$"he #on"ra#"1

o"her "heore!1 NATIONAL LAW OF TE

CREITOR OR E/TOR

21 OMICILE OF TEE/TOR OR TECREITOR

81 LE LOCI CELE/RATIONIS91 LE LOCI SOLUTIONIS

#1 *o(#le o$ "he #re*"or*1 le> !")! o$ a!!e"! o$ "he

*e"or G$or "he!e a!!e"!#an e hel* lale $or "he

'ay(en" o$ "he *e"!1

e1 "he r+h" e(o*e* n "hen!"r)(en"

$1 n +eneral, !")! o$ "hen!"r)(en" a" "he "(e o$"ran!$er, *elvery orne+o"a"on

+1 la% o$ "he 'la#e o$

n#or'ora"on

h1 le> lo# vol)n"a"!le> lo#n"en"on!

1 la% o$ "he 'la#e o$n#or'ora"on

@1 la% o$ "he 'la#e %here

8| & a + e


14/53

#or'ora"e !hare!

;1 $ran#h!e!

l1 +oo*%ll o$ a)!ne!! an*"a>a"on "hereon

(1'a"en"!, #o'yr+h"!,"ra*e(ar;!, "ra*ena(e!

"he !ale %a!#on!)((a"e*

;1 la% o$ "he 'la#e "ha"+ran"e* "he(

l1 la% o$ "he 'la#e %here"he )!ne!! ! #arre* on

(1n "he a!en#e o$ a"rea"y, "hey are 'ro"e#"e*only y "he !"a"e "ha"+ran"e* "he(.

No"e $ore+ner! (ay !)e $orn$rn+e(en" o$ "ra*e(ar;!an* "ra*ena(e! n "he R& only$ Fl'no! are +ran"e*re#'ro#al #on#e!!on! n "he!"a"e o$ "he $ore+ner!.

Cho!e

- a "hn+, an ar"#le o$ 'er!onal 'ro'er"y- a #ha""el 'er!onal, an* ! e"her IN ACTION OR IN

&OSSESSION

Cho!e n A#"on GIn"an+le &er!onal &ro'er"y1- a "hn+ n a#"on- "he r+h" o$ rn+n+ an a#"on or- r+h" "o re#over a *e" or (oney

Cho!e n a#"on (ean! any o$ "he $ollo%n+

1 R+h" o$ 'ro#ee*n+ n a #o)r" o$ la% "o 1rocure'ay(en"o$ !)( o$ (oney, or r+h" "o reco6era 'er!onal #ha""el ora !)( o$ (oney y a#"on5

21 A 1er.o*al ri),/no" re*)#e* n"o 'o!!e!!on, )"reco6erable b+ a .ui/ a/ la3'

81 A ri),/ /o 1er.o*al /,i*).o$ %h#h "he o%ner ha! "he'o!!e!!on, )" (erely a ri),/ of ac/io* for /,eir1o..e..io*5

91 In#l)*e! 1er.o*al c,a//el. 3,ic, are *o/ i*1o..e..io*, an* all 1ro1er/+ i* ac/io* 3,ic, 2e1e*2.e*/irel+ o* co*/rac/. e>'re!! or ('le*5

9| & a + e


15/53

:1 A r+h" /o recei6e or reco6er a 2eb/8 2e0a*28 or2a0a)e. o* a cau.e of ac/io* e95co*/rac/u or for a/or/ or o(!!on o$ a *)"y.

Cho!e n &o!!e!!on GTan+le &er!onal &ro'er"y1- &er!onal "hn+ o$ %h#h one ha! 'o!!e!!on

oo*%ll- "he PATRONAGEo$ any e!"al!he* "ra*e or )!ne!!- "he BENEFITa#?)re* y an e!"al!h(en" BE%OND"he

(ere val)e o$ "he #a'"al !"o#;!, $)n*!, or 'ro'er"ye('loye* "heren IN CONSE#ENCE OF THE GENERA"PB"ICS PATRONAGE AND ENCORAGEMENT%h#h" re#eve! $ro( "! #)!"o(er!.

Tra*e(ar;- "he *a0e or .+0bolo$ )oo2.(a*e or (an)$a#")re*.

Tra*e na(e- "he *a0e or .+0bolo$ a ./ore or bu.i*e.. 1lace

Serv#e Mar;- "he *a0e or .+0bolo$ .er6ice.ren*ere*.

Co'yr+h"- "he r+h" o$ l"erary 'ro'er"y a! re#o+nBe* an* !an#"one*

y 'o!"ve la%.

Wll- an a#" %herey a 'er!on ! 'er(""e*, %"h "he $or(al"e!

're!#re* y la%, "o #on"rol "o a #er"an *e+ree "he*!'o!"on o$ h! e!"a"e, "o "a;e e$$e#" a$"er h! *ea"h.

S)##e!!on

- a (o*e o$ a#?)!"on y vr")e o$ %h#h "he 'ro'er"y,r+h"! an* ol+a"on!, "o "he e>"en" o$ "he val)e o$ "henher"an#e, o$ a 'er!on are "ran!(""e* "hro)+h h! *ea"h"o ano"her or o"her! e"her y h! %ll or y o'era"on o$la%.

Theore! on "he &ro'er La% $or "he Tran!(!!on o$ S)##e!!onalR+h"!

1 Un"ary or Sn+le Sy!"e(- one la% +overn! "he

"ran!(!!on o$ o"h real an* 'er!onal 'ro'er"y

:| & a + e


16/53

21 S'l" or S#!!on Sy!"e(- one la% +overn! real 'ro'er"y%hle ano"her *e"er(ne! !)##e!!onal r+h"! "o 'er!onal'ro'er"y.

WILLS, SUCCESSION, AN AMINISTRATION

FACTUAL SITUATION &OINT OF CONTACT1 E>"rn!# Val*"y o$ Wll!

a1 (a*e y an alen aroa*

1 (a*e y a Fl'no aroa*

#1 (a*e y an alen n "heR&

a1 le> na"onal le>*o(#l R& la% le>lo# #elera"on!

1 le> na"onal le>lo# #elera"on!

#1 le> na"onal le>lo# #elera"on!21 E>"rn!# val*"y o$ OINT

WILLS G(a*e n "he !a(en!"r)(en"1

a1 (a*e y Fl'no!aroa*

1 (a*e y alen!aroa*

#1 (a*e y alen! n"he &hl''ne!

a1 le> na"onal Gvo*even $ val* %here(a*e1

1 val* $ a##*+. Le>

na"onal le>*o(#l le> lo##elera"on!

#1 le> lo# #elera"on!"here$ore VOI

81 In"rn!# Val*"y o$ %ll!Gn#l)*n+ or*er o$!)##e!!on, a(o)n" o$!)##e!!onal r+h"!, an*n"rn!# val*"y o$ "he

'rov!on! o$ "he %ll1

Le> na"onal o$ "he *e#ea!e*-re+ar*le!! o$ "he lo#a"on an*na")re o$ "he 'ro'er"y

91 Ca'a#"y "o !)##ee* Le> na"onal o$ "he *e#ea!e*:1 Revo#a"on o$ %ll!a1 $ *one n R&

$ *one o)"!*e R&- y a non-*o(#lary

- y a *o(#lary

a1 le> lo# a#")! Go$ "herevo#a"on1

1- le> lo# #elera"on!o$ "he WILL le> lo#*o(#l- le> *o(#l le> lo#a#")! o$ REVOCATION

6| & a + e


17/53

61 'roa"e o$ %ll! (a*earoa*

a1 $ no" ye" 'roa"e*1 $ alrea*y 'roa"e*aroa*

a1 le> $or1 le> $or G()!" al!o

e 'roa"e* n "heR&5 )" en$or#e(en"o$ "he $ore+n

@)*+(en" on'roa"e ! eno)+h1

71 E>e#)"or! an*a*(n!"ra"or!

a1 %here a''on"e*

1 'o%er!

a1 $ *o(#le*- %here*o(#le* a" *ea"h

$ no" *o(#le*- %here

"he a!!e"! are $o)n*1 #o-e>"en!ve %"h"he ?)al$yn+ or "hea''on"n+ #o)r"

no"e "he!e r)le! al!o a''ly "o'rn#'al, *o(#lary oran#llary a*(n!"ra"or! an*re#ever! even n non-!)##e!!on #a!e!.

olo+ra'h# Wll!- a %ll %h#h ! en"rely %r""en, *a"e* an* !+ne* y "he

han* o$ "he "e!"a"or h(!el$.- S)@e#" "o no o"her $or( an* nee* no" e %"ne!!e*.- The *!'o!"on o$ "he "e!"a"or %r""en elo% h! !+na")re

()!" e *a"e* an* !+ne* y h( n or*er "o (a;e "he(val* a! "e!"a(en"ary *!'o!"on!.

e#e*en" an* Te!"a"or- *e#e*en" ! "he +eneral "er( a''le* "o "he 'er!on %ho!e

'ro'er"y ! "ran!(""e* "hro)+h !)##e!!on, %he"her or no"he le$" a %ll, $ he le$" a %ll, he ! al!o #alle* a "e!"a"or.

Te!"a(en"ary Ca'a#"y- "he #a'a#"y "o #o('rehen* "he na")re o$ "ran!a#"on n

%h#h "he "e!"a"or ! en+a+e* a" "he "(e,- "o re#olle#" "he 'ro'er"y "o e *!'o!e* o$ an* "he 'er!on!

%ho %o)l* na")rally e !)''o!e* "o have #la(! )'on "he"e!"a"or, an*

7| & a + e


18/53

- "o #o('rehen* "he (anner n %h#h "he n!"r)(en" %ll*!"r)"e h! 'ro'er"y a(on+ "he o@e#"! o$ h! o)n"y.

A""e!"a"on Cla)!e- "he #la)!e %heren "he %"ne!!e! #er"$y "ha" "he

n!"r)(en" ha! een e>e#)"e* e$ore "he(, an* "he(anner o$ "he e>e#)"on o$ "he !a(e.

E!"a"e- "he n"ere!" %h#h a 'er!on ha! n lan*!, or any o"her

!)@e#" o$ 'ro'er"y

Ol+a"on- a @)r*#al ne#e!!"y "o, "o *o or no" "o *o.

- A @)r*#al rela"on %herey a 'er!on G#re*"or1 (ay*e(an* $ro( ano"her G*e"or1 "he o!ervan#e o$ a*e"er(ne* #on*)#" an* n #a!e o$ rea#h, (ay *e(an*!a"!$a#"on $ro( "he a!!e"! o$ "he la""er.

Con"ra#"- a (ee"n+ o$ "he (n*! e"%een 2 'er!on! %herey one

n*! h(!el$, %"h re!'e#" "o "he o"her, "o +ve !o(e"hn+or "o ren*er !o(e !erv#e.

- An a+ree(en" %h#h #rea"e! an ol+a"on

- A+ree(en" )'on !)$$#en" #on!*era"on, "o *o or no" "o*o a 'ar"#)lar "hn+.

- May e e>'re!! or ('le*.

E>'re!! Con"ra#"- "he a+ree(en" ! $or(al an* !"a"e* verally or n %r"n+- "he "er(! o$ "he a+ree(en" are *e#lare* y "he 'ar"e! n

%r"n+ or verally a" "he "(e " ! en"ere* n"o

I('le* Con"ra#"

- "he a+ree(en" n $a#" ! 're!)(e* or n$erre* $ro( "hea#"! o$ "he 'ar"e!

- (ay al!o ar!e $ro( (ere #on!en"- %here one 'ar"y ren*ere* !erv#e! "o ano"her, an* "he!e

!erv#e! %ere a##e'"e* y "he la""er, n "he a!en#e o$'roo$ "ha" "he !erv#e! %ere ren*ere* +ra")"o)!ly, anol+a"on re!)l"! "o 'ay "he rea!onale %or"h o$ "he!erv#e! ren*ere* )'on "he ('le* #on"ra#" o$ hrn+,)n*er "he 'rn#'le o$ $a#o )" *e!, .e., I *o "ha" yo) (ay+ve.

Tor"


19/53

- a le+al %ron+ #o((""e* )'on ano"her! 'er!on or'ro'er"y, n*e'en*en" o$ a #on"ra#"

Cr(e- an a#" or o(!!on ')n!hale y la%

Felony- "ran!+re!!on a+an!" "he Rev!e* &enal Co*e

O$$en!e- "ran!+re!!on a+an!" a !'e#al la%

In$ra#"on- "ran!+re!!on a+an!" a lo#al or ()n#'al or lo#al

or*nan#e

Cor'ora"onan ar"$#al en+ #rea"e* y o'era"on o$ la%, havn+ "he

r+h" o$ !)##e!!on an* "he 'o%er!, a""r)"e!, an*'ro'er"e! e>'re!!ly a)"horBe* y la% or n#*en" "o "!e>!"en#e.

Na")ral Moral La%- r)le o$ h)(an #on*)#" i01la*/e2 b+ Go2n o)r *a/ure

an* n o)r co*.cie*ce, )r+n+ )! "o *o %ha"ever ! r+h"an* avo* %ha"ever ! evl.

S'e#al La%!- re+)la"e, $or n!"an#e, "he "rea"(en" o$ $ore+n n!)ran#e

#o('ane!, "he re#'ro#al 'rvle+e! n "he (a""er! o$'a"en"!, "he re?)!"e! e$ore an alen (ay o"an a#o'yr+h", "he #on*"on! )n*er %h#h alen re"al "ra*e(ay !"ll #on"n)e, an* "he +ran" o$ n#en"ve! "o $ore+nnve!"or!.

LE SITUS- la% o$ "he 'la#e 3,ere /,e 1ro1er/+ i. .i/ua/e2- +overn! al(o!" every"hn+ "ha" #on#ern! real 1ro1er/+

$or(al"e! $or "her alena"on, "he #a'a#"y "o en#)(eror o"her%!e *!'o!e o$ "he(, an* !o $or"h.

- In "he &hl''ne!, "h! r)le a''le! "o o"h real an*'er!onal 'ro'er"y.

LE LOCI CELE/RATIONIS

- la% o$ "he 'la#e o$ "he #elera"on or e>e#)"on

=| & a + e


20/53

- +overn! +enerally all "ran!a#"on! n!o$ar a!FORMA"ITIES OR SO"EMNITIESare #on#erne*.

- O*e i01or/a*/ e9ce1/io* /o /,i. rule i. 3,e*e6er1ro1er/+ i.i*6ol6e28 i* 3,ic, a ca.e i/ i. /,e le9.i/u. /,a/ .,oul2 co*/rol(

Cr(nal La% &rn#'le o$ Terr"oral"y- "he 'la#e or "err"ory %here a #r(e ha! een #o((""e*

ha! @)r!*#"on "o "ry "he o$$en!e "ha" ha! een#o((""e*.

Cr(nal La% &rn#'le o$ eneral"y- #r(nal la%! o$ a #o)n"ry n* o"h "he #"Ben! an* "he

alen! %ho are n "he !a* #o)n"ry or "err"ory.

- J&enal la%! an* "ho!e o$ ')l# !e#)r"y an* !a$e"y !halle ol+a"ory )'on all %ho lve or !o@o)rn n &hl''ne"err"ory, !)@e#" "o "he 'rn#'le! o$ ')l# n"erna"onalla% an* "o "rea"y !"')la"on!.K

- Alen! #o(e )n*er o)r "err"oral @)r!*#"on e#a)!e %hle"hey are n o)r #o)n"ry, "hey o%e !o(e !or" o$ alle+an#e,even $ " e "e('orary.

URISICTION- $ro( "he La"n J@)! *#ereK, .e., "he r+h" "o !'ea;.

- The a)"hor"y o$ a "r)nal "o hear an* *e#*e a #a!e an*al!o "he 'o%er "o en$or#e any @)*+(en" " (ay ren*er"hereon n $ore+n !"a"e!, !)@e#" "o "he r+h"! o$ !a*!"a"e!.

URISICTION OVER TE SU/ECT MATTER- Con$erre* y la%5 "he #on!en" or "he !)(!!on o$ "he

'ar"e! on "h! 'on" ! o$ no #on!e?)en#e5 only "he la%#on$er! " an* only "he la% (ay #han+e ".

- "he a)"hor"y o$ a #o)r" "o hear an* *e#*e #a!e! o$ "he

+eneral #la!! "o %h#h "he 'ro#ee*n+! n ?)e!"on elon+- "he alle+a"on! n "he 'e""on or #o('lan", rea* "o+e"her

%"h "he 'ro'er @)r!*#"onal la%, %ll #on$er @)r!*#"on on"he #o)r"

URISICTION OVER TE &ERSON- "he 'o%er o$ "he #o)r" "o ren*er a @)*+(en" "ha" %ll e

bi*2i*) o* /,e 1ar/ie. i*6ol6e2 "he 'lan"$$ an* "he*e$en*an"

- @)r!*#"on over "he 'er!on o$ "he 'lan"$$ ! a#?)re* $ro(

"he (o(en" he n!"")"e! "he a#"on y "he 'ro'er'lea*n+

20| & a + e


21/53

- @)r!*#"on over "he 'er!on o$ "he *e$en*an" ! a#?)re*"hro)+h "he $ollo%n+ (ean!

. 6olu*/ar+ a''earan#e2. 1er.o*al .ub./i/u/e2 !erv#e o$ !)((on!

URISICTION OVER TE RES- @)r!*#"on over "he 'ar"#)lar !)@e#" (a""er n

#on"rover!y, REARLESS o$ 'er!on! %ho (ay en"ere!"e* "heren.

FORUM-SO&&IN- "he 'ra#"#e o$ loo;n+ over "he #o)r"! o$ "he %orl* $or

'o!!le a*van"a+e! o)+h" "o e #)re*

&U/LIC &OLIC4- "he (an$e!" %ll o$ "he !"a"e- "ha" %h#h " *e!re! on a##o)n" o$ "! o%n $)n*a(en"al

'rn#'le! o$ @)!"#e, "! o%n 'er#e'"on o$ (oral!, an* "!*ee'-roo"e* "ra*"on! $or "he #o((on %eal.

COMIT4 /ASE ON RECI&ROCIT4- $ "he la%! an* @)*+(en"! o$ "he $or)( are re#o+nBe* n a

$ore+n !"a"e, "he $or)( n ")rn %ll re#o+nBe "he la%! an*@)*+(en"! e(ana"n+ $ro( !a* $ore+n !"a"e.

RECONITION OF A FOREIN UMENT- o)r #o)r"! %ll allo% !a* FOREIGN &DGMENT TO BE

PRESENTED AS A DEFENSE TO A "OCA" "ITIGATION- nvolve! (erely "he !en!e o$ @)!"#e- *oe! no" re?)re e"her a#"on or a !'e#al 'ro#ee*n+- (ay e>!" %"ho)" en$or#e(en"

ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIN UMENTS- a 'lan"$$ %an"! "he #o)r"! "o POSITIVE"% CARR% OT

AND MAKE EFFECTIVE IN THE PHI"IPPINES AFOREIGN &DGMENT

- vr")ally ('le! a *re#" a#" o$ !overe+n"y- ne#e!!"a"e! a !e'ara"e a#"on or 'ro#ee*n+ ro)+h"

're#!ely "o (a;e "he $ore+n @)*+(en" e$$e#"vene#e!!arly #arre! %"h " re#o+n"on

E>"rn!# Fra)*- $ra)* a!e* on $a#"! no" #on"rover"e* or re!olve* n "he

#a!e %here "he @)*+(en" %a! ren*ere*.

In"rn!# Fra)*

2| & a + e


22/53

- $ra)* %h#h +oe! "o "he very e>!"en#e o$ "he #a)!e o$a#"on.

&UREL4 INTERNAL RULE- overn! a ')rely *o(e!"# 'role(, one %"ho)" any

$ore+n ele(en"- re#"ly an!%er! a +ven 'role(

CONFLICTS RULE- a''le! %hen "he $a#")al !")a"on nvolve! a $ore+n

ele(en"- (erely n*re#"ly re!'on*! y n*#a"n+ %he"her n"ernal

or $ore+n la% ! "o e a''le*.

FACTUAL SITUATION- !e" o$ $a#"! 're!en"n+ a #on$l#"! 'role(- *e$ne! "! o@e#" #er"an o'era"ve! $a#"!- ra!e! a le+al ?)e!"on

&OINT OF CONTACT OR TE CONNECTIN FACTOR- "he la% o$ "he #o)n"ry %"h %h#h "he $a#")al !")a"on !

(o!" n"(a"ely #onne#"e*.

CA&ACIT4 TO SUCCEE

- The $a#")al !")a"on n*#a"n+ "ha" a 'er!on ! *ea*, an*!o(eone alle+e! a r+h" or #a'a#"y "o nher" $ro( "he$or(er.

TOTALIT4 A&&ROAC- +e""n+ "he la% n"en*e* y "he 'ar"e! "o +overn "he

#on"ra#" "hen a''lyn+ "he n"en*e* la% n "! "o"al"yn#l)*n+ "! 'ero*! o$ 're!#r'"on an* "! !"a")"e o$$ra)*!.

LE FORI TEOR4- "he $or)( #on!*er! "! o%n #on#e'"! "! o%n

#hara#"erBa"on, o"her%!e "here %ll e a vr")al!)rren*er o$ !overe+n"y r+h" n "he $or)(! o%n ho(e.

LE CAUSAE TEOR4- "he e>a#" o''o!"e o$ "he le> !")! "heory- "he la% *en"$e* n "he #ho#e-o$-la% !"a+e o$ "he #on$l#"

'ro#e!! a! "he one "o e a''le* "o *e"er(ne "he #a!e- "he #hara#"erBa"on o$ "he $ore+n !"a"e, %h#h ! "he

'rn#'al 'on" o$ #on"a#", ! !)''o!e* "o e $ollo%e*.

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23/53

UNIVERSAL ANAL4TICAL TEOR4 COM&ARATIVE A&&ROACTEOR4

- #o((on $a#"or! o"h n "he "E$ FORIan* "he "E$CASAEare "a;en n"o #on!*era"on n or*er "o avo*)n@)!" re!)l"!

- Chara#"erBa"on #o(e! only a$"er a )e*eralco01ara/i6e a*al+/ical ./u2+ of /,e ;uri.1ru2e*ceo$all "he !"a"e! nvolve*.

UAL TEOR4 OF LE FORI AN LE CAUSAE- S(lar "o "he Co('ara"ve A''roa#h Theory, e>#e'" "ha"

n!"ea* o$ #on!*ern+ %orl*%*e #on#e'"on!, ON"% T!OCONCEPTS ENTER INTO THE PICTRE: THECHARACTERI #a)!ae, an* "he #on$l#"! r)le n S"a"e/ re$er! "o S"a"e C a! "he 'ro'er 'on" o$ #on"a#", " ! "he#hara#"erBa"on n S"a"e C %h#h ()!" e )!e* y S"a"e A.

NATURAL-/ORN CITIDENS- "ho!e %ho are #"Ben! o$ "he &hl''ne! $ro( r"h %"ho)"

havn+ "o 'er$or( any a#" "o a#?)re or 'er$e#" "her&hl''ne #"Ben!h'.

NATURALIDE CITIDENS- #"Ben! %ho are no" na")ral-orn #"Ben! an* "ho!e %ho

e#o(e #"Ben! "hro)+h @)*#al 'ro#ee*n+!

CITIDENS /4 ELECTION

- C"Ben! %ho, y vr")e o$ #er"an le+al 'rov!on!, e#o(e!)#h y #hoo!n+ or ele#"n+ &hl''ne #"Ben!h' a" "hea+e o$ 2 or %"hn a rea!onale "(e herea$"er.

EFFECTIVE NATIONALIT4 TEOR4- $ "he *e#ea!e* ! no" a #"Ben o$ "he $or)(, %e ()!" +e"

"he la% o$ "he na"on o$ %h#h he %a! o"h a na"onal an*a *o(#lary

OMICILE

28| & a + e


24/53

- "he 'la#e %here a 'er!on ha! #er"an !e""le*, $>e*, le+alrela"on! e#a)!e " ! a!!+ne* "o h( y "he la% a" "he(o(en" o$ r"h GDOMICI"E OF ORIGIN1

- "he 'la#e a!!+ne* "o h( y la% a$"er r"h on a##o)n" o$a le+al *!al"y #a)!e* $or n!"an#e y (nor"y, n!an"y,or (arra+e n "he #a!e o$ a %o(an or e#a)!e he ha!ho(e "here GCONSTRCTIVE DOMICI"E=DOMICI"E B%OPERATION OF "A!1

- "ha" "o %h#h, %henever he ! a!en", he n"en*! "o re")rnGDOMICI"E OF CHOICE>

OMICILE OF ORIIN GOMICILIUM ORIINS1- a#?)re* a" r"h- a''le! only "o n$an"!

- never #han+e! $or a 'er!on ! orn only on#e.

CONSTRUCTIVE OMICILE GOMICILIUM NECESSARIUM1- +ven a$"er r"h- all "ho!e %ho la#; #a'a#"y "o #hoo!e "her o%n *o(#le

Gn$an"!, (arre* %o(en, *o"! an* n!ane1- Le+al *!al"e! 'reven" "her (a;n+ a #ho#e- May #han+e $ro( "(e "o "(e, *e'en*n+ )'on

#r#)(!"an#e!

OMICILE OF COICE- a re!)l" o$ "he vol)n"ary %ll an* a#"on o$ "he 'er!on

#on#erne*

&RINCI&LE OF ONL4 ONE OMICILE- No na")ral 'er!on #an have (ore "han one *o(#le a" a

"(e %hle a 'er!on (ay have (ore "han one re!*en#e,"he Cvl Co*e re#o+nBe! only one *o(#le "he 'la#e o$ha")al re!*en#e.

RESIENCE- a (ore or le!! "e('orary 'la#e o$ ao*e %h#h (ay e

lo#a"e* n !everal 'la#e!

FOREIN COURT TEOR4- In"erna"onal &IN&ON In"erna"onal Foo"all Revolvn+

oor! ne>"r#ale #r#le- The R& #o)r", n *e#*n+ "he #a!e, %ll ')" "!el$ n "he

'o!"on o$ "he $ore+n #o)r" an* %ha"ever "he $ore+n#o)r" %ll *o re!'e#"n+ "he #a!e, "he R& #o)r" %ll l;e%!e

*o.

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25/53

TEOR4 OF ESISTMENT- "he R& #o)r" 2e.i./.or refrai*.$ro( a''lyn+ a $ore+n

la% e#a)!e o$ "! i*a2e-uac+en+ $o)n*e* on a*$$eren" a!!. en#e, "he R& #o)r" a''le! "! n"ernal la%.

Or*nary Chl*ren- %"h an n"ra-)"erne l$e o$ a" lea!" 7 (on"h!.- Mere r"h ! !)$$#en"

E>"raor*nary Chl*ren- $ "he n"ra-)"erne l$e e le!! "han 7 (on"h!- "he #hl* ()!" have lve* $or a" lea!" 29 hr!. a$"er "!

#o('le"e *elvery $ro( "he (a"ernal %o(

NCC Ar"#le 90. /r"h *e"er(ne! 'er!onal"y5 )" "he #on#eve*#hl* !hall e #on!*ere* orn $or all ')r'o!e! "ha" are $avorale"o ", 'rov*e* " e orn la"er %"h "he #on*"on! !'e#$e* n"he $ollo%n+ ar"#le.

NCC Ar"#le 9. For #vl ')r'o!e!, "he $e")! ! #on!*ere* orn $"! ! alve a" "he "(e " ! #o('le"ely *elvere* $ro( "he(o"her! %o(. o%ever, $ "he $e")! ha* an n"ra-)"erne l$e o$le!! "han 7 (on"h!, " ! no" *ee(e* orn $ " *e! %"hn 29 hr!.a$"er "! #o('le"e *elvery $ro( "he (a"ernal %o(.

&re!)('"ve &er!onal"y- &er!onal"y *oe! no" e+n a" r"h, " e+n! a" #on#e'"on.

I" ! e!!en"al "ha" r"h !ho)l* o##)r la"er, o"her%!e "he$e")! %ll e #on!*ere* a! never havn+ 'o!!e!!e* le+al'er!onal"y.

E(an#'a"on- "a;e! 'la#e y "he a""an(en" o$ (a@or"y. Unle!!

o"her%!e 'rov*e*, (a@or"y #o((en#e! a" "he a+e o$ e! e "he !a(e, "hen "he ol*er5

:. $ one e )n*er : or over 60, an* "he o"her e"%een

"ho!e a+e!, "he la""er ! 're!)(e* "o have !)rvve*.

MARRIAE AS A CONTRACTFACTUAL SITUATION &OINT OF CONTACT. 1 $ #elera"e* aroa* e"%een Fl'no!

e"%een $ore+ner!

(>e*

.1LE LOCI CELE/RATIONISG%"ho)" 're@)*#e "o "hee>#e'"on! )n*er +a(o)!,'oly+a(o)!, an* n#e!")o)!(arra+e! an* #on!)lar

(arra+e!

LE LOCI CELE/RATIONISe>#e'" $ "he (arra+e !

a1 +hly ((oral Gl;e+a(o)! an*'oly+a(o)!(arra+e!1

1 Unver!ally

#on!*ere*n#e!")o)!, e., e"./ro"her! an* !!"er!an* e". A!#en*an"!an* *e!#en*an"!.

LE LOCI CELE/RATIONISe>#e'" $ "he (arra+e !

#1 +hly ((oral Gl;e

+a(o)! an*

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28/53

'oly+a(o)!(arra+e!1

*1 Unver!ally#on!*ere*n#e!")o)!, e., e"./ro"her! an* !!"er!an* e". A!#en*an"!an* *e!#en*an"!.

- TO U&OL TE VALIIT4 OFTE MARRIAE.

I$ #elera"e* n "he &hl''ne!

e"%een $ore+ner!

(>e*

NATIONAL LAW 'rov*e* "he(arra+e ! no" h+hly ((oral

or )nver!ally #on!*ere*n#e!")o)!

NATIONAL LAW o$ "he Fl'noGo"her%!e ')l# 'ol#y (aye (l"a"e* a+an!"1

Marra+e y 'ro>y G#elera"e*%here "he 'ro>y a''ear!1

LE LOCI CELE/RATIONIS G%"h're@)*#e "o "he $ore+on+r)le!1

MARRIAE AS A STATUS

FACTUAL SITUATION &OINT OF CONTACT1 &er!onal R+h"! an*Ol+a"on! e"%een "he)!an* an* "he W$e

NATIONAL LAW OF TEUS/AN

No"e E$$e#" o$ !)!e?)en"#han+e o$ na"onal"y

a1 $ o"h %ll have a ne%

#o((on na"onal"y, TENEW ONE5

1 $ only one %ll #han+e,TE LAST COMMONNATIONALIT4

#1 $ "here %a! never any#o((on na"onal"y, TENATIONAL LAW OF TEUS/AN AT TE TIMEOF TE WEIN

21 &ro'er"y Rela"on! e"%een NATIONAL LAW OF TE

2


29/53

"he )!an* an* "he W$e US/AN, %o 're@)*#e "o Ar".


30/53

. A 'er!on on oar* a 6e..ello!" *)rn+ a .ea 6o+a)e, oron an air1la*e%h#h ! 0i..i*), %ho ha! no" een hear*$or +ear.!n#e "he lo!! o$ "he ve!!el or ar'lane5

2. a 'er!on n "he ar0e2 force.%ho ha! "a;en 'ar" n 3ar,an* ha! een (!!n+ $or +ear..

8. a 'er!on %ho ha! een i* 2a*)er of 2ea/,)n*er o/,ercircu0./a*ce.an* h! e9i./e*ce ,a. *o/ bee**o3*, $or +ear..

)r*#al )r!*#"on- a)"hor"y "o hear an* *e"er(ne a le+al #on"rover!y.- The @)r!*#"on o$ o)r "r)nal! o$ @)!"#e ! +overne* y

o)r o%n la% on "he (a""er.

Le+!la"ve )r!*#"on- "he a)"hor"y "o ena#" la%!- "he #o('e"en#e o$ a 'er!on! na"onal la% "o +overn h!

!"a")!

Co(')l!ory R)le- " ! IMPERATIVE$or "he 'ar"e! "o $ollo% "he $or(al"e!

o$ "he P"ACE OF CE"EBRATION

O'"onal R)le

- "he 'ar"e! (ay $ollo% EITHER THE "E$ "OCICE"EBRATIONIS OR THEIR NATIONA" "A!

E##le!a!"#al R)le- "he $or(al"e! o$ BOTH THE "E$ "OCI CE"EBRATIONIS

AND THE NATIONA" "A!o$ "he 'ar"e! ()!" e#o('le* %"h

Co((on-La% Marra+e- "he lvn+-n "o+e"her or "he #elera"on o$ a (an an* a

%o(an a! h)!an* an* %$e %"ho)" +e""n+ (arre*

Marra+e y &ro>y- One %here one o$ "he 'ar"e! ! (erely re're!en"e* a" "he

#ere(ony y a $ren* or *ele+a"e

A!ol)"e Co(()n"y Re+(e- Al(o!" all "he 'ro'er"e! o$ "he (arra+e are o%ne* n

#o((on y "he h)!an* an* "he %$e

Rela"ve Co(()n"y Re+(eCo(()n"y &ar"ner!h' o$ an! or"he anan#al Sy!"e(

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31/53

- every"hn+ earne* *)rn+ "he (arra+e elon+ "o "he#on@)+al 'ar"ner!h'

Co('le"e Se'ara"on o$ &ro'er"y Re+(e!- ea#h o%n! h!her earnn+!

o"al or o%ry Sy!"e(- "he %$e, e$ore "he (arra+e, *elver! a *o%ry or 'ro'er"y

"o "he h)!an* "o hel' o)" n "he (arra+e ol+a"on!, )"la"er, %hen "he (arra+e ! *!!olve*, "he 'ro'er"y o$ "!val)e ()!" e re")rne*.

Co('le"e A!or'"on or A*(n!"ra"on y "he h)!an*- "he h)!an* o%n! all "he 'ro'er"e! o$ "he (arra+e, )"

he ! lale $or all "he *e"!

Mar"al A*(n!"ra"on Sy!"e(- ea#h !'o)!e !"ll o%n! h!her 'ro'er"y, )" "he h)!an*

a*(n!"er! all "he 'ro'er"e!.

I(()"al"y o$ Ma"r(onal &ro'er"y Re+(e o#"rne- REGARD"ESS OF CHANGE OF NATIONA"IT% on "he

'ar" o$ "he h)!an* or "he %$e or o"h, THE ORIGINA"PROPERT% REGIME AT THE START OF THE MARRIAGE

REMAINS(

M)"al"y o$ La%- %hen "he la% o$ "he or+nal na"onal"y "!el$ #han+e!, "he

(ar"al re+(e, "he 'ro'er"y rela"on!h', ha! "o #han+ea##or*n+ly.

- Th! #anno" e hel'e* $or la% ! e!!en"ally a *yna(#"hn+5

- o%ever, ve!"e* r+h"! ()!" e *)ly 'ro"e#"e*.

So#ally +ro"e!?)e !")a"on- a !")a"on %here a Fl'no %o(an ! !"ll (arre* "o a (an

%ho ! no lon+er her h)!an*

Aan*on(en"- Synony(o)! "o CRIMINAL ESERTION- A h)!an*! or %$e! 3illful failure3i/,ou/ ;u./ cau.e

"o 'rov*e $or "he #are, 'ro"e#"on or !)''or" o$ a !'o)!e%ho ! !"ll n ll heal"h or ne#e!!"o)! #r#)(!"an#e!

- In#l)*e! o"h "he n"en"on "o aan*on an* "he e>"ernal

a#" y %h#h "he n"en"on ! #arre* n"o e$$e#".

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/IAM4- #o((""e* y any 'er!on %ho !hall #on"ra#" a !e#on* or

!)!e?)en" (arra+e e$ore "he $or(er (arra+e ha! eenle+ally *!!olve*, or

- %ho !hall #on"ra#" a !e#on* or !)!e?)en" (arra+ee$ore "he a!en" !'o)!e ha! een *e#lare*'re!)('"vely *ea* y (ean! o$ a @)*+(en" ren*ere* n"he 'ro'er 'ro#ee*n+!.

Se>)al In$*el"y- Un$a"h$)lne!! n (arra+e- A*)l"ery an* #on#)na+e are en#o('a!!e* n "he "er(

Se>)al 'erver!on

- an anor(al"y y a 'er!on n (a""er! o$ !e>

&re-(ar"al Se>- n*)l+n+ y an )n(arre* #o)'le n !e>)al n"er#o)r!e

'ror "o +e""n+ (arre*.

A*)l"ery- vol)n"ary !e>)al n"er#o)r!e o$ a (arre* 'er!on o"her

"han "he o$$en*er! h)!an* or %$e- #o((""e* y a (arre* %o(an %ho !hall have !e>)al

n"er#o)r!e %"h a (an no" her h)!an*5 an* y a (an%ho ha! #arnal ;no%le*+e o$ her, ;no%n+ her "o e(arre*, even $ "he (arra+e e !)!e?)en"ly *e#lare*vo*.

O&EN AN NOTORIOUS AULTER4- The 'ar"e! ()!" re!*e "o+e"her ')l#ly n "he $a#e o$

!o#e"y a! $ #on@)+al rela"on! e>!"e* e"%een "he(, an*"her !o lvn+ an* "he $a#" "ha" "hey are no" h)!an* an*%$e ()!" e ;no%n n "he #o(()n"y

Con#)na+e- #o((""e* y any h)!an* %ho G1!hall ;ee' a (!"re!! n

"he #on@)+al *%elln+ or G21have !e>)al n"er#o)r!e )n*er!#an*alo)! #r#)(!"an#e! %"h a %o(an no" h! %$e,G81#oha" %"h her n any o"her 'la#e.

ILLICIT COA/ITATION- "he lvn+ "o+e"her a! (an an* %$e o$ "%o 'er!on! %ho

are no" la%$)lly (arre* %"h "he ('l#a"on "ha" "hey

ha")ally 'ra#"#e $orn#a"on G)nla%$)l !e>)al n"er#o)r!ee"%een "%o )n(arre* 'er!on!1.

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ATTEM&T /4 ONE S&OUSE AAINST TE LIFE OF TE OTER- "he a""e('" ()!" no" e @)!"$e* a! n "he #a!e o$ la%$)l

!el$-*e$en!e5 nor ()!" " e one %here "he a""e('" %a!(a*e e#a)!e "he o"her %a! #a)+h" n $la+ran"e *el#"o%"h a lover. The a""e('" ()!" e one o$ a""e('"e* or$r)!"ra"e* 'arr#*e, no" one #a)!e* y ne+l+en#e $or n"he la""er #a!e, " #anno" e !a* "ha" "here %a! ana""e('".

No"e

Ar". :=. FC No le+al !e'ara"on (ay e *e#ree* )nle!! "heCo)r" ha! "a;en !"e'! "o%ar* "he re#on#la"on o$ "he !'o)!e!

an* ! $)lly !a"!$e*, *e!'"e !)#h e$$or"!, "ha" re#on#la"on !h+hly ('roale.

e$en!e! n Le+al Se'ara"ona1 Co*2o*a/io*- $or+vene!!, e>'re!! or ('le*. M)!" e

$ree, vol)n"ary, an* no" n*)#e* y *)re!! or $ra)*1 Co*.e*/- (ay e e>'re!! or ('le*. M)!" e )n#lo)*e*

y $ra)*, *)re!!, or !o(e"(e! even (!"a;ec> Co**i6a*ce*1 Recri0i*a/io* or 0u/ual )uil/- a #har+e (a*e y an

a##)!e* 'er!on a+an!" "he a##)!er5 n 'ar"#)lar, a#o)n"er#har+e o$ a*)l"ery or #on#)na+e (a*e y one#har+e* %"h "he !a(e o$$en!e n a !)" $or le+al!e'ara"on, a+an!" "he 'er!on %ho ha! #har+e* h( orher.

e1 Collu.io*- Ar". 60 o$ FC No *e#ree o$ le+al !e'ara"on!hall e 'ro()l+a"e* )'on !"')la"on o$ $a#"! or a#on$e!!on o$ @)*+(en". Th! ! an a+ree(en" %herey one'ar"y %ll 're"en* "o have #o((""e* "he +ro)n* rele*

)'on.

$1 Pre.cri1/io*- Ar". :7, FC An a#"on $or le+al !e'ara"on!hall e $le* %"hn : year! $ro( "he "(e o$ "heo##)rren#e o$ "he #a)!e. Nee* no" e alle+e*.

No"e

Ar". :< FC An a#"on $or le+al !e'ara"on !hall n no #a!e e"re* e$ore 6 (on"h! !hall have ela'!e* !n#e "he $ln+ o$ "he

'e""on.

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34/53

The J#ooln+-o$$ 'ero*K G6 (on"h!1 ! "he 'ero* o$ "(e n%h#h no a#"on (ay e "a;en y e"her !*e!.

&)r'o!e "o enale "he 'ar"e! "o #ool-o$$.

Ar". 6 FC A$"er "he $ln+ o$ "he 'e""on $or le+al !e'ara"on,"he !'o)!e! !hall e en""le* "o lve !e'ara"ely $ro( ea#h o"her.

The #o)r", n "he a!en#e o$ a %r""en a+ree(en" e"%een "he!'o)!e!, !hall *e!+na"e e"her o$ "he( or a "hr* 'er!on "oa*(n!"er "he a!ol)"e #o(()n"y or #on@)+al 'ar"ner!h''ro'er"y. The a*(n!"ra"or a''on"e* y "he #o)r" !hall have"he !a(e 'o%er! an* *)"e! a! "ho!e o$ a +)ar*an )n*er "heR)le! o$ Co)r".

No"e The !'o)!e!, %hle (ay e en""le* "o lve !e'ara"ely $ro(ea#h o"her a$"er "he $ln+ o$ "he 'e""on, are no" re?)re* "o *o!o.

E$$e#"! o$ le+al !e'ara"on

1 S'o)!e! (ay li6e .e1ara/el+> Marria)e bo*2. *o/ .e6ere281 The a!ol)"e #o(()n"y or "he #on@)+al 'ar"ner!h'

!hall e 2i..ol6e2 a*2 li-ui2a/e291 The o$$en*n+ !'o)!e !hall have *o ri),/ /o a*+

.,are of /,e *e/ 1rofi/. ear*e2 by "he a!ol)"e#o(()n"y or "he #on@)+al 'ar"ner!h', %h#h !halle $or$e"e* Gn a##or*an#e %"h "he 'rov!on! o$ Ar".981

:1 The cu./o2+ of /,e 0i*or c,il2re*!hall ea%ar*e* "o "he nno#en" !'o)!e, !)@e#" "o Ar". 28o$ FC

61 The o$$en*n+ !'o)!e !hall e 2i.-ualifie2 fro0

i*,eri/i*) fro0 /,e i**oce*/ .1ou.e b+i*/e./a/e .ucce..io*.

71 The 1ro6i.io*. i* fa6or of /,e offe*2i*) .1ou.e0a2e i* /,e 3illo$ "he nno#en" one !hall erevo;e* y o'era"on o$ la%. G"he 'rov!on! o$ "he%ll en+ re$erre* "o here are 'rov!on! (a*e&RIOR TO an* NOT AFTER "he *e#ree o$ le+al!e'ara"on5 o"her%!e " #anno" e !a* "ha" "he*e#ree revo;e! any 'rov!on, $or "he %ll ha* no" ye"een (a*e.1

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TWO TINS TAT MA4 /E REVOHE /4 TE INNOCENTS&OUSE

1 ona"on! (a*e n $avor o$ "he o$$en*n+ !'o)!e G()!" ero)+h" %"hn : year! $ro( "he "(e "he *e#ree o$ le+al!e'ara"on ha! e#o(e $nal15 an*

21 e!+na"on o$ "he o$$en*n+ !'o)!e a! ene$#ary n "hen!)ran#e #on"ra#"! o$ "he nno#en" !'o)!e.

Con*ona"on- $or+vene!!, e>'re!! or ('le*- "o #on!"")"e val* *e$en!e, " ()!" e $ree, vol)n"ary, an*

no" n*)#e* y *)re!! or $ra)*.

RECRIMINATION OR MUTUAL UILT- a #har+e (a*e y an a##)!e* 'er!on a+an!" "he a##)!er- a #o)n"er #har+e o$ an a*)l"ery or #on#)na+e (a*e y

one #har+e* %"h "he !a(e o$$en!e n a !)" $or le+al!e'ara"on, a+an!" "he 'er!on %ho ha! #har+e* h( orher.

COLLUSION- an a+ree(en" %herey one 'ar"y %ll 're"en* "o have

#o((""e* "he +ro)n* rele* )'on.

RECONCILIATION- a la"eral a#", re?)rn+ #o((on #on!en", %he"her

e>'re!! or ('le*.- In la% o$ *o(e!"# rela"on!, re#on#la"on ! a vol)n"ary

re!)('"on o$ (ar"al rela"on! n "he $)lle!" !en!e.- Shall have "he $$. #on!e?)en#e!

a. The le)al 1rocee2i*).8 if ./ill 1e*2i*)8 .,all/,ereb+ be /er0i*a/e2n %ha"ever !"a+e5

. The fi*al 2ecree of le)al .e1ara/io* .,all be .e/

a.i2e, )" "he .e1ara/io* of 1ro1er/+ a*2 a*+for forfei/ure of /,e .,are of /,e )uil/+ .1ou.ealrea2+ effec/e2 .,all .ub.i./, )nle!! "he !'o)!e!a+ree "o revve "her 'ro'er"y re+(e.

CONSANUINIT4- ;n!h'- loo* rela"on!h'- "he #onne#"on or rela"on o$ 'er!on! *e!#en*e* $ro( "he

!a(e !"o#; or #o((on an#e!"or.

AFFINIT4

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- #onne#"on e>!"n+ n #on!e?)en#e o$ a (arra+e,e"%een ea#h o$ "he (arre* 'er!on! an* "he ;n*re* o$"he o"her.

Lneal Con!an+)n"y- !)!!"! e"%een 'er!on! o$ %ho( one ! *e!#en*e* n a

*re#" lne $ro( "he o"her an* !o )'%ar*! n "he *re#"a!#en*n+ lne an* !o *o%n%ar*! n "he *re#" *e!#en*n+lne.

COLLATERAL CONSANUINIT4- S)!!"! e"%een 'er!on! %ho have "he !a(e an#e!"or!,

)" %ho *o no" *e!#en* or a!#en* one $ro( "he o"her

IRECT AFFINIT4- !)!!"! e"%een "he h)!an*! an* h! %$e! rela"on! yloo*, or e"%een "he %$e an* "he h)!an*! rela"on! yloo*.

SECONAR4 AFFINIT4- !)!!"! e"%een "he h)!an*! an* h! %$e! rela"on! y

(arra+e

COLLATERAL AFFINIT4

- S)!!"! e"%een "he h)!an* an* "he rela"on! o$ h!%$e! rela"on!

ENUMERATION

Ele(en"! o$ &rva"e In"erna"onal La%

. Con$l#" o$ la%! ! "ha" 'ar" o$ "he ()n#'al la% o$ "heS"a"e

2. The *re#"on "o Co)r"! an* A*(n!"ra"ve a+en#e!8. A le+al 'role( nvolvn+ a $ore+n ele(en"9. The a''l#a"on or non-a''l#a"on o$ $ore+n la%$ore+n

la%!

I('or"an#e o$ Con$l#" o$ La%!

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. To a*@)!" #on$l#"n+ r+h"! n n"erna"onal (er#an"le an*#or'ora"e "ran!a#"on!

2. To !olve 'er!onal, $a(ly, 'ro'er"y an* !)##e!!onal#on"ra#")al 'role(!, 'o!!e!!e* o$ $a#"! or ele(en"!o'era"n+ n "%o or (ore !"a"e!.

S#o'e o$ F)n#"on! o$ Con$l#" o$ La%!

. To 1re.cribe /,e co*2i/io*.)n*er %h#h "he #o)r" !#o('e"en" "o en"er"an !)#h a !)"

2. To 2e/er0i*e$or ea#h #a!e! "he 1ar/icular /erri/orial.+./e0 of la3y re$eren#e "o %h#h "he r+h"! o$ "he'ar"e! ()!" e a!#er"ane*

8. To .1ecif+ /,e circu0./a*ce.n %h#h a $ore+n@)*+(en" #an e re#o+nBe* a! a *e#!ve o$ "he ?)e!"onn *!')"e

In o"her %or*!,

. The *e"er(na"on o$ %h#h #o)n"ry ha! @)r!*#"on2. The a''l#al"y "o a 'ar"#)lar #a!e o$ e"her "he lo#al or

"he $ore+n la%8. The *e"er(na"on o$ "he $or#e, val*"y an* e$$e#"vene!!

o$ a $ore+n @)*+(en"

Why #on$l#" o$ la% ! o!erve*

. S"a"e! ()!" o$ ne#e!!"y o!erve "he !)@e#" e#a)!e i/ i.1ar/ of /,eir 0u*ici1al la3(S)rely, a +overn(en",any%here an* any"(e, ! *)"y o)n* "o en$or#e an*re!'e#" "! o%n ()n#'al le+!la"on

2. n*v*)al! o!erve " e#a)!e o$ fear of 0u*ici1al.a*c/io*.

SOURCES OF CONFLICT OF LAWS. In*re#"- Na")ral Moral La%- Wor; o$ Wr"er!

2. re#"- Con!"")"on!- Co*$#a"on!- S'e#al La%!

- Trea"e! an* Conven"on!- )*#al e#!on!

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39/53

Pro6i*) of a !ri//e* Forei)* "a3. /y an OFFICIA" PB"ICATION "hereo$52. /y a COP%ATTESTE /4 TE OFFICER AVIN TE LEAL

CUSTO4 OF TE RECOR, or y h! *e')"y, an*a##o('ane* %"h a CERTIFICATE TAT SUC OFFICERAS CUSTO4

Pro6i*) of a* *3ri//e* "a3. /y "he ORA" TESTIMON%o$ e>'er" %"ne!!e!2. /y PRINTED AND PB"ISHED BOOKS OF REPORTS OF

DECISIONS o$ "he #o)n"ry nvolve*, $ 'rove* "o e#o((only a*(""e* n !)#h #o)r"!

Theore! on Why "he Fore+n La% (ay n So(e Ca!e! /e ven

E$$e#". Theory o$ Co("y2. Theory o$ Ve!"e* R+h"!8. Theory o$ Lo#al La%9. Theory o$ ar(ony o$ La%!:. Theory o$ )!"#e

Hn*! o$ Co("y. /a!e* on Reci1roci/+2. /a!e* on "he 1er.ua.i6e*e..o$ $ore+n @)*+(en"

Rea!on! %hy no" all $ore+n @)*+(en"! #an e re#o+nBe* oren$or#e* n o)r #o)n"ry

. The re?)!"e 1roof"hereo$ (ay *o/ be a2e-ua/e2. They (ay co*/ra6e*eo)r e!"al!he* 1ublic 1olic+8. They (ay co*/ra2ic/ o*e a*o/,er one #anno" e

+)*e* y #on"ra*#"on!9. The a20i*i./ra/io* of ;u./ice 0a+ be .,oci*)l+

corru1/n !o(e #o)n"re!

Con*"on! an* Re?)!"e! /e$ore Fore+n )*+(en"! (ay eRe#o+nBe* an* En$or#e* n "he &hl''ne!

. Proof of Forei)* &u2)0e*/ GFor re#o+n"on, "here ! none#e!!"y $or a !e'ara"e a#"on or 'ro#ee*n+

2. "he @)*+(en" ()!" e on ci6il or co00ercial 0a//er8. No lac o$;uri.2ic/io*, No 3a*/ of *o/ice, No

collu.io*, No frau2, No clear 0i./ae of la3 or fac/9. The @)*+(en" 0u./ *o/ co*/ra6e*e a .ou*2 a*2

e./abli.,e2 1ublic 1olic+ o$ "he $or)(

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The Re?)!"e! $or Re! )*#a"a. The @)*+(en" ()!" e fi*al2. The #o)r" ren*ern+ "he @)*+(en" ()!" have;uri.2ic/io*

over "he !)@e#" (a""er an* "he 'ar"e!8. The @)*+(en" ()!" e o* /,e 0eri/.9. There ()!" e *en""y o$ 'ar"e!, o$ !)@e#" (a""er, an* o$

#a)!e o$ a#"on

Hn*! o$ Con$l#"! R)le. One-S*e* R)le Unla"eral R)le2. All-!*e* R)le M)l"la"eral R)le

Fa#"or! Wh#h ve R!e "o "he &role( o$ Chara#"erBa"on. $$eren" le+al !y!"e(! a""a#h "o "he !a(e le+al "er( %"h

2iffere*/0ea*i*).52. $$eren" le+al !y!"e(! (ay #on"an *ea! or #on#e'"on!co01le/el+u**o3*"o one ano"her

8. $$eren" le+al !y!"e(! a''ly 2iffere*/ 1ri*ci1le.$or "he!ol)"on o$ 'role(! %h#h, n +eneral "er(!, are o$#o((on na")re

S"e'! n Chara#"erBa"on GA##or*n+ "o ean Fal#onr*+e1. Chara#"erBa"on o$ "he ?)e!"on!2. Sele#"on o$ "he 'ro'er la%

8. A''l#a"on o$ "he 'ro'er la%

S"e'! n Chara#"erBa"on GA##or*n+ "o E*+ar*o &ara!1. e"er(na"on o$ "he fac/.nvolve*2. C,arac/eri4a/io* o$ "he $a#")al !")a"on8. e"er(na"on o$ "he co*flic/. rule%h#h ! "o e a''le*9. Chara#"erBa"on o$ "he 1oi*/ of co*/ac/ or /,e

co**ec/i*) fac/or:. Chara#"erBa"on o$ "he 'role( a! 1roce2ural or

.ub./a*/i6e

6. 1lea2i*) a*2 1ro6i*) o$ "he 'ro'er $ore+n la%7. a11lica/io* o$ "he 'ro'er $ore+n la% "o "he 'role(

Theore! n Chara#"erBa"on GUAL LT1

. LE FORI2. LE CAUSAE8. UNIVERSAL ANAL4TICAL9. UAL TEOR4 OF LE FORI AN LE CAUSAE:. AUTONOMOUS TEOR4

6. TOTALIT4 TEOR4

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T%o ;n*! o$ #a'a#"y. #a'a#"y "o a#"2. @)r*#al #a'a#"y

Chara#"er!"#! o$ S"a")! GCCU&S1. co*ferre2 'rn#'ally y "he S"a"e2. a (a""er o$ 1ublic or .ocial i*/ere./8. a #on#e'" o$ .ocial or2er9. ca**o/ be ea.il+ /er0i*a/e2 a" "he (ere %ll or *e!re

o$ "he 'ar"e! #on#erne*:. +enerally !)''o!e* "o have a u*i6er.al c,arac/er

TEORIES ON &ERSONAL LAW OR TE LAW TAT SOULOVERN STATUS AN CA&ACIT4 IN ENERAL

. Na"onal"y Theory- &er!onal Theory2. o(#lary Theory- Terr"oral Theory8. S")! Theory- E#le#"# Theory

8 Hn*! o$ C"Ben! o$ "he &hl''ne!

. Na")ral-orn2. Na")ralBe*8. C"Ben y ele#"on

2 Theore! on Whe"her &la#e or An#e!"ry e"er(ne! C"Ben!h'

. )! Sol2. )! San+)n!

C"Ben! o$ "he &hl''ne! Un*er "he =


42/53

2. RESIDENCE. he ()!" have re!*e* n "he &hl''ne! $or a#on"n)o)! 'ero* o$ no" le!! "han 0 year!.

8. MORA". e ()!" e o$ +oo* (oral #hara#"er an*9. CONSTI. e ()!" eleve n "he 'rn#'le! )n*erlyn+ "he

&hl''ne Con!"")"on:. CONDCT. he ()!" have #on*)#"e* h(!el$ n a 'ro'er

an* rre'roa#hale (anner *)rn+ "he en"re 'ero* o$ h!re!*en#e n "he &hl''ne! n h! rela"on %"h "he#on!"")"e* +overn(en" a! %ell a! %"h "he #o(()n"y n%h#h he ! lvn+.

6. PROPERT%. he ()!" have a real e!"a"e n "he &hl''ne!%or"h no" le!! "han &&:,000.00 OR ()!" have !o(el)#ra"ve "ra*e, 'ro$e!!on, or la%$)l o##)'a"on.

7. "ANGAGE. he ()!" e ale "o !'ea; an %r"e En+l!h or

S'an!h an* any one o$ "he 'rn#'al &hl''ne lan+)a+e!"r#ale #r#le

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- The R& #o)r", n *e#*n+ "he #a!e, %ll ')" "!el$ n "he'o!"on o$ "he $ore+n #o)r" an* %ha"ever "he $ore+n#o)r" %ll *o re!'e#"n+ "he #a!e, "he R& #o)r" %ll l;e%!e*o.

E(an#'a"on "a;e! 'la#e y

. Marria)e o$ "he (nor2. a""an(en" o$ "he a)e of 0a;ori/+8. 1are*/al #on#e!!on9.;u2icial #on#e!!on

AS&ECTS OF MARRIAE

. A! a #on"ra#"2. A! a )non, a !"a")!, a le+al rela"on

S)!"an"al or E!!en"al Re?)!"e! o$ Marra+e o$ Fl'no!

. le)al ca1aci/+ o$ "he #on"ra#"n+ 'ar"e!2. co*.e*/ o$ "he #on"ra#"n+ 'ar"e! $reely +ven8. 0arria)e lice*.e, e>#e'" n (arra+e o$ e>#e'"onal

#a!e!9. au/,ori/+ o$ "he 'er!on !ole(nBn+ "he (arra+e

:. (arra+e cere0o*+

&er!onal R+h"! an* Ol+a"on! e"%een "he h)!an* an* "he%$e

. M)")al $*el"y, #oha"a"on, an* re!'e#"2. M)")al a!!!"an#e an* !)''or"8. R+h" o$ "he %$e "o )!e "he h)!an*! na(e

STATELESSNESS

. E&RIVATION o$ #"Ben!h' $or any #a)!e.2. RENUNCIATION o$ na"onal"y y #er"an a#"!, e>'re!! or

('le*8. VOLUNTAR4 RELEASE $ro( h! or+nal !"a"e9. /ORN n a #o)n"ry %h#h re#o+nBe! only "he 'rn#'le o$

@)! !an+)n! )" %ho!e la% o$ "he 'aren"! re#o+nBe! only"he 'rn#'le o$ @)! !ol.

&er!onal La% o$ !"a"ele!! n*v*)al!

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The a+)e Con$eren#e o$ =2< on In"erna"onal &rva"e La%!)++e!"e* "ha" "he 'er!onal la% o$ !"a"ele!! n*v*)al! !hall e

. "he la3 of /,e 2o0icileGha")al re!*en#e12. !e#on*arly "he la3 of /,e 1lace of /e01orar+

re.i2e*ce

RULES ON STATUS IN ENERAL

FACTUAL SITUATION &OINT OF CONTACT. /e+nnn+ o$ 'er!onal"y Na"onal la% o$ "he #hl*2. Way! an* e$$e#"! o$

e(an#'a"onNa"onal la%

8. A+e o$ (a@or"y Na"onal la%

9. U!e o$ na(e! an*!)rna(e!

Na"onal la%

:. U!e o$ ""le! an* nol"y Na"onal la%6. A!en#e Na"onal la%7. &re!)('"on! o$ *ea"h

an* !)rvvor!h'Le> $or

ANNULMENT OF VOIA/LE MARRIAE AN ECLARATION OFNULLIT4 OF A VOI MARRIAE

FACTUAL SITUATION &OINT OF CONTACT1 ro)n*! $or ann)l(en" G$

"he (arra+e ! vo*ale(erely1

21 ro)n*! $or *e#lara"ono$ n)ll"y G$ (arra+e !vo* a n"o1

The la% alle+e* "o have eenvola"e* n o"her %or*!, " !"he la% o$ "he 'la#e o$#elera"on Gle> lo##elera"on!1 !)@e#" "o#er"an e>#e'"on! "ha" $)rn!h"he +ro)n*!1

ARTICLE 26. All (arra+e! !ole(nBe* o)"!*e "he R& !a##or*an#e %"h "he la%! n $or#e n "he #o)n"ry %here "hey%ere !ole(nBe*, an* val* "here a! !)#h, !hall al!o e val* n"h! #o)n"ry, e>#e'" "ho!e 'roh"e* )n*er Ar"#le! 8: G1, G91,G:1 an* G61, Ar"#le! 86, 87, an* 8


45/53

"ho!e bi)a0ou. or 1ol+)a0ou.(arra+e! no" $alln+ )n*erAr". 9 "ho!e .ub.e-ue*/ 0arria)e."ha" are vo* )n*er Ar". :8

Ar"#le 86

A (arra+e #on"ra#"e* y any 'ar"y, %ho a" "he "(e o$ "he#elera"on, %a! 1.+c,olo)icall+ i*ca1aci/a/e2 "o #o('ly%"h "he e!!en"al (ar"al ol+a"on! o$ (arra+e, !hall l;e%!ee vo* even o$ !)#h n#a'a#"y e#o(e! (an$e!" only a$"er "!!ole(nBa"on.

Ar"#le 87

Marra+e! e"%een "he $$. are i*ce./uou. a*2 6oi2$ro( "hee+nnn+ %he"her "he rela"on!h' e"%een "he 'ar"e! ele+"(a"e or lle+"(a"e

. e"%een a.ce*2a*/. a*2 2e.ce*2a*/.o$ any*e+ree

2. e"%een bro/,er. a*2 .i./er.o$ "he $)ll or hal$loo*

Ar"#le 8


46/53

2. "he celebra/io* or 1erfor0a*ceo$ "he (arra+e na##or*an#e %"h !a* la%

Where a (arra+e e"%een a Fl'no #"Ben an* a $ore+ner !val*ly #elera"e* an* a *vor#e ! "herea$"er val*ly o"ane*aroa* y "he alen !'o)!e #a'a#"a"n+ h( or her "o re(arry,"he Fl'no !'o)!e !hall l;e%!e have "he #a'a#"y "o re(arry)n*er "he R& la%.

SIM&L4 &UT I$ val* %here #elera"e*, " ! al!o val* here.

NOTES

In!o$ar a! "he +ro)n*! $or ann)l(en" or n)ll"y

are #on#erne*, " ! no" "he Na"onal la% "ha"+overn!, " ! "he LE LOCI CELE/RATIONIS, !)@e#""o #er"an e>#e'"on!.

The +ro)n*! $or LEAL SE&ARATION are "ho!en*#a"e* n "he na"onal la% o$ "he 'ar"e!#on#erne*, an* no" "ho!e o$ "he 'la#e o$ #elera"ono$ (arra+e. Ar". : %ll a''ly e#a)!e a !)" or le+al!e'ara"on ne#e!!arly a*("! "he val*"y o$ "he(arra+e.

T%o Fl'no! are (arre* y "he &hl''ne

A(a!!a*or "o "he US n!*e "he R& Con!)la"e nWa!hn+"on .C. In US, le"! !ay, an A(a!!a*or !a)"horBe* "o 'er$or( (arra+e!, %ll !)#h (arra+ee +ven #o+nBan#e n "he R& An! NO. avn+ een#elera"e* n "he R& #on!)la"e n Wa!hn+"on, "he(arra+e ! #on!*ere* "o have een 'er$or(e* n"he &hl''ne!. Un*er o)r la%, "he a(a!!a*or#anno" 'er$or( a (arra+e5 ONL4 CONSUL!-ENERAL, an* VICE-CONSULS #an )n*er "he Fa(lyCo*e.

Sn#e %e $ollo% "he NATIONALIT4 TEOR4, o)r#o)r"! have @)r!*#"on "o "a;e #o+nBan#e o$ann)l(en" an* n)ll"y !)"! %here "he l"+an"! areFl'no!, or %here "hey are *o(#lare! o$ "he&hl''ne!.

Ch)r#h ann)l(en"! o$ (arra+e! an**e#lara"on! o$ "her n)ll"y are only $or rel+o)!')r'o!e!, an* are no" n*n+ on o)r #vl la%! an*#o)r"! o$ o)r #o)n"ry, )nle!! a(en*(en"! "o o)r

$a(ly Co*e are (a*e.

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Ar". 86 OF FC A (arra+e #on"ra#"e* y any'ar"y, %ho a" "he "(e o$ "he #elera"on, %a!'!y#holo+#ally n#a'a#"a"e* "o #o('ly %"h "hee!!en"al (ar"al ol+a"on! o$ (arra+e, !hall

l;e%!e e vo* $ !)#h n#a'a#"y e#o(e! (an$e!"only a$"er "! !ole(nBa"on.

Un*er Ch)r#h la%!, e>a('le! o$&4COLOICAL INCA&ACIT4 %ll n#l)*e n"er ala

. A %ron+ #on#e'" o$ (ar"al vo%! an*(ar"al n$*el"y

2. Al#ohol!(8. a(ln+9. Wo(anBn+

:. A*a(an" re$)!al "o +ve !)''or" "o a*e+ree n#o('a"le %"h a (a")re)n*er!"an*n+ o$ re!'on!le (arre* l$e

Th! *e+ree ! o$ #o)r!e !)@e#" "o *e"er(na"on y"he #o)r"!, 'ar"#)larly "he SC. An* even $ "he!e#a)!e! !ho)l* (an$e!" "he(!elve! lon+ a$"er "he%e**n+, !a* #a)!e! are #on!*ere* "o e'o"en"ally e>!"n+ alrea*y a" "he "(e o$ "he#elera"on o$ "he (arra+e.

A/SOLUTE IVORCE

FACTUAL SITUATION &OINT OF CONTACT1 $ !o)+h" n "he R& G%he"hery Fl'no! or y $ore+ner!1

1 le> $or G"here$ore, %ll no"e +ran"e*1

21 $ o"ane* aroa*

a1 e". Fl'no! a1 na"onal la% G"here$ore, no"

val* here even $ val*aroa*5 an* "h! ! "r)ere+ar*le!! o$ "he *vor#e1

1 e". Fore+ner! 1 Na"onal la% G$ val* n "heS"a"e +ran"n+ " an* val*a##or*n+ "o "he na"onal la% o$"he 'ar"e!, %ll al!o e val*here1

#1 (>e* #1 a''ly Ga1 an* G1re!'e#"vely.

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A/SOLUTE IVORCE !"n+)!he* $ro( ANNULMENT

A/SOLUTE IVORCE ANNULMENT&re!)''o!e! a VA"ID"%

E$ISTING MARRIAGE

En*! a (arra+e %h#h "ho)+h#on!*ere* val* n "he n"er(,none"hele!!, ! DEFECTIVE

ran"e* $or #a)!e!SBSE#ENT"o "he (arra+e#ere(ony

ran"e* $or #a)!e! AT THEVER% TIME THE MARRIAGEIS ENTERED INTO

HINS OF IVORCE

1 A/SOLUTE IVORCE Gvor#e a vn#)lo (a"r(onee1 (ar"al "e! are *!!olve*.

21 RELATIVE IVORCE G*vor#e a (en!a e" "horo1-!e'ara"on $ro( e* an* oar* or le+al !e'ara"on,%here 'ar"e! re(an (arre*, al"ho)+h "h! "(e,"hey are allo%e* "o lve !e'ara"ely $ro( ea#h o"her.

&ATERNIT4 AN FILIATION, AO&TION, UARIANSI&, ANFUNERALS

FACTUAL SITUATION &OINT OF CONTACT- &a"ern"y an* $la"on

- In#l)*n+ &aren"alA)"hor"y an*

- Re#'ro#al !)''or"- Le+"(a#y- Le+"(a"on- Re#o+n"on- &re!)('"on! o$

le+"(a#y- R+h"! an* ol+a"on! o$

'aren"! an* #hl*ren

- In#l)*n+ 'aren"ala)"hor"y an* re#'ro#al!)''or"

I$ le+"(a"e, NATIONAL LAW

OF TE FATER

I$ lle+"(a"e,NATIONAL LAWOF TE MOTER.

I$ lle+"(a"e )" re#o+nBe*y "he $a"her, "he NATIONALLAW OF TE FATER.

e"er(na"on o$ %he"her

le+"(a"e or lle+"(a"e,NATIONAL LAW OF TEFATER, n +eneral.

o#"rne o$ I(()"al"y o$S"a")!- #han+e o$ 'aren"!na"onal"y *oe! no" a$$e#" "he!"a")! o$ "he #hl*.

- A*o'"on- #rea"on o$ "he!"a")! o$ a*o'"on5 r+h"!an* ol+a"on! o$

In +eneral, NATIONAL LAW OFTE AO&TER.

9


49/53

a*o'"er an* a*o'"e*. In "he &hl''ne!, a*o'"on ya Fl'no *oe! no" #on$erFl'no #"Ben!h' on ana*o'"e* alen #hl*.

- )ar*an!h'

a1 Over "he 'er!on- a''on"n+ #o)r"

- 'o%er! o$ +)ar*an

1 Over "he 'ro'er"y

- a''on"n+ #o)r"

- 'o%er! o$ +)ar*an

#1 over "he 'er!on an* over"he 'ro'er"y G+eneral+)ar*an1

- a''on"n+ #o)r"

- 'o%er! o$ +)ar*an

- #o)r" o$ "he *o(#le o$"he %ar*

- #oe>"en!ve %"h "ho!e o$"he a''on"n+ #o)r" Gla%o$ "he a''on"n+ !"a"e1

- #o)r" %here "he 'ro'er"y$ $o)n* Gle> re !"ae1- #oe>"en!ve %"h "ho!e o$

"he a''on"n+ #o)r"

- #o)r" %here "he 'ro'er"yan* "he %ar* are $o)n*

- #oe>"en!ve %"h "ho!e o$

"he a''on"n+ #o)r"

- F)neral!- n#*en"! "hereo$ Where "he o*y ! )re*.

FUNERALS

- "he n#*en"! o$ $)neral! are +overne* y "he la% o$ "he#o)n"ry %here "he o*y ! "o e )re*.

- The *)"y an* "he r+h" "o (a;e arran+e(en"! $or "he$)neral o$ a rela"ve *evolve on "he 'er!on! ol+e* "o

!)''or" "he *e#ea!e* %hle !"ll alve.- Every $)neral !hall e n ;ee'n+ %"h "he !o#al !"an*n+

o$ "he *e#ea!e*. The h+her "he !o#al !"an*n+ o$ "he*e#ea!e* n l$e, "he (ore *+n$e* an* e>'en!ve h!$)neral e, a! a +eneral r)e. &roh"e* ! 'o('o)! an*elaora"e $)neral o$ a #r(nal on %ho( "he *ea"h 'enal"yha! een n$l#"e*.

The #en"er o$ +rav"y a''roa#h, $r!" a*o'"e* y "he Co)r" o$A''eal! o$ Ne% 4or;, (+h" e #hara#"erBe* a! a !('l$e*

9=| & a + e


50/53

ver!on o$ "he (o!" !+n$#an" rela"on!h' "e!" o$ "he Se#on*Re!"a"e(en". Th! a''roa#h a)"horBe! #o)r"! "o loo; a" all "hee>!"n+ #on"a#"! e"%een "he varo)! 'ar"e! "o a !)" an*varo)! @)r!*#"on!. Ul"(a"ely, "he #o)r" !ho)l* #hoo!e "he la%o$ %ha"ever @)r!*#"on ! (o!" #lo!ely "e* "o "he #a!e.

HOW FOREIGN LAW IS GIVEN APPLICATION IN THE PHILIPPINES:

1. By statutory direti!es "o#se#t o$ t%e State&

'. By a(ree)e#t o$ t%e *arties

+. By treaty or o#!e#tio#

,. By o#$-it o$ -as ru-e

In their absence --

A. Principles governing Conflict of Law Cases

1. Substance vs. Procedural Principles

A-- )atters o$ *roedure are (o!er#ed /y t%e -a o$ t%e $oru) %ere t%e ase is $i-ed0

%i-e )atters o$ su/sta#e are (o!er#ed /y t%e -a o$ t%e ou#try %ere t%e ause o$

atio# arose.

PROBLE: So)e -as )ay /e treated /y o#e ou#try as *roedura- a#d /y

a#ot%er ou#try as su/sta#ti!e "e.(. statute o$ -i)itatio#s&

SOL2TIONS:

Go!er#)e#t I#terest A#a-ysis 3 t%e -a o$ t%e ou#try %ose i#terest is )ost

i)*aired /y $ai-ure to a**-y its statute s%ou-d /e a**-ied

Borroi#( Statute 3 t%e -a o$ t%e ou#try %as a statute 4/orroi#(5 t%e

*resri*ti!e *eriod *ro!ided i# t%e $orei(# statute6 E7CEPTION: %e# o#traryto *u/-i *o-iy or *ro%i/iti!e -as

2. Center of Gravity Doctrine (Grouping of Contacts Principle or State of te

!ost Significant "elationsip #eory$

La o$ t%e state %i% %as t%e )ost si(#i$ia#t re-atio#s%i* it% t%e ourre#e a#d

it% t%e *arties deter)i#es t%eir ri(%ts a#d -ia/i-ities i# tort or i# o#trat

%. "envoi Doctrine (#able #ennis #eory$

T%e o#$-it o$ -a ru-e o$ t%e $oru) resorts to t%e $orei(# -a0 %i% i# tur# re$ers

:0| & a + e


51/53

/a8 to t%e -a o$ t%e $oru).

RENVOI DOCTRINE APPLIED

A9#ar !s. Garia0 G.R. No. L31;,


52/53

. Forei(# -a is *roedura- i# #ature "-e@ $ori (o!er#s *roedura- )atters&

. Forei(# -a is *e#a- i# #ature

EXCEPTION: CONTRARY TO SOUND PUBLIC POLICY

Ba#8 o$ A)eria0 NT !s. A)eria# Rea-ty Cor*oratio#0 .G.R No. 1++;0 De. '


53/53

**T be rec!ni"e# b$ Phi%i&&ine c'rts( )rei!n %as an# +'#!,ents ,'st be a%%e!e#

an# &re#.

HOW FOREIGN P2BLIC DOC2ENTS ARE PROVED:

1. O$$iia- *u/-iatio#

'. Certi$ied true o*y or o#e attested /y t%e o$$ier %a!i#( t%e -e(a- ustody o$ t%e

reord0 or /y %is de*uty0 a#d ao)*a#ied it% a erti$iate t%at su% o$$ier

%as ustody

T%e erti$iate )ust /e )ade /y a seretary o$ t%e e)/assy or -e(atio#0 o#su-

(e#era-0 o#su-0 !ie o#su-0 or o#su-ar a(e#t or /y a#y o$$ier i# t%e $orei(#

ser!ie o$ t%e P%i-i**i#es statio#ed i# t%e $orei(# ou#try i# %i% t%e reord is

8e*t

Aut%e#tiated /y %is sea- o$ o$$ie

**I) the )rei!n %a r +'#!,ent #es nt c,&%$ ith the abe re/'ire,ents( it i%%

nt be rec!ni"e# an# the Dctrine ) Prcess'a% Pres',&tin i%% a&&%$ 0Phi%i&&ine

c'rts i%% ass',e the )rei!n %a is the sa,e as Phi%i&&ine %as1.

GENERAL R2LE: P%i-i**i#e ourts are #ot aut%ori9ed to ta8e udiia- #otie

o$ $orei(# -as.

E7CEPTIONS:

W%ere t%ere are e@e*tio#a- iru)sta#es %e# t%e $orei(# -as are a-ready

it%i# t%e atua- 8#o-ed(e o$ t%e ourt "(e#era--y 8#o# or atua--y ru-ed

u*o# i# a *rior ase&

W%ere t%e ourts are $a)i-iar it% t%e s*ei$i $orei(# -as "e.(. S*a#is% i!i-

-a&

W%ere t%e ad!erse *arty did #ot dis*ute t%e a**-iatio# o$ $orei(# -a

W%ere t%e tri/u#a- is a uasi3udiia- /ody %i% is #ot /ou#d /y strit ru-es o$

te%#ia-ity

Documents

conflict of laws reviewer.pdf