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Daza v. SingsonG.R. No. 86344 December 21, 1989
Cruz, J.
Facts:
The House of Represen!"#es. T$en% four members of he
&"ber!'(!r% form!''% res")ne* from h! p!r% !n* +o"ne* he
&D(, hereb% s$e''"n)"s number o 19 !n* correspon*"n)'% re*uc"n)
he"r former p!r% o on'% 1-members.
n he b!s"s of h"s *e#e'opmen, he House of Represen!"#es
re#"se*"s represen!"on "n he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens b% $"h*r!$"n)
hese! occup"e* b% he pe""oner !n* )"#"n) h"s o he ne$'%0forme*
&D(. nDecember , 1988, he ch!mber e'ece* ! ne$ se of
represen!"#escons"s"n) of he or")"n!' members ecep he pe""oner !n*
"nc'u*"n)here"n respon*en &u"s C. "n)son !s he !**""on!' member
from he &D(.
The pe""oner c!me o he upreme Cour o ch!''en)e h"s
remo#!'from he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens !n* he !ssump"on of h"s se!
b% herespon*en. /c"n) "n""!''% on h"s pe""on for proh"b""on !n*
"n+unc"on $"hpre'"m"n!r% "n+unc"on, $e "ssue* ! empor!r% resr!"n"n)
or*er h! s!me*!% o pre#en boh he pe""oner !n* he respon*en from
ser#"n) "n heComm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens.
r"e% s!e*, he conen"on of he pe""oner "s h! he c!nno be
remo#e* from he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens bec!use h"s e'ec"on
hereo"s perm!nen. H"s c'!"m "s h! he reor)!n"z!"on of he
Houserepresen!"on "n he s!"* bo*% "s no b!se* on ! perm!nen
po'""c!'re!'")nmen bec!use he &D( "s no ! *u'% re)"sere*
po'""c!' p!r% !n* h!sno %e !!"ne* po'""c!' s!b"'"%.
Issue:
$heher he 5ues"on r!"se* b% he pe""oner "s po'""c!' "n
n!ure!n* so be%on* he +ur"s*"c"on of he upreme Cour
Held:
No. The Cour h!s he compeence o !c on he m!er ! b!r.
The"ssue "n#o'#e* "s no ! *"scre"on!r% !c of he House of
Represen!"#es h!m!% no be re#"e$e* b% us bec!use " "s po'""c!' "n
n!ure. h! "s "n#o'#e*here "s he 'e)!'"%, no he $"s*om, of he !c of
h! ch!mber "n remo#"n)he pe""oner from he Comm"ss"on on
/ppo"nmens.
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re5u"remen "s *u'% comp'"e* $"h. Therefore, " m!% !;e
!ppropr"!eme!sures, no on'% upon he "n""!' or)!n"z!"on of he
Comm"ss"on bu !'sosubse5uen'% hereo NT he cour.
==============================================
Coseen) #s A"r! =G.R. No. 86649>(ose*: Ju'% 2, 2B11 "n Case
Digests
0
Facts:
Con)ress"on!' e'ec"ons of A!% 11, 198- resu'e* "n represen!"#es
from
*"#erse po'""c!' p!r"es (e""oner /nn! Dom"n"5ue Coseen) $!s he
on'%
c!n*"*!e e'ece* un*er he b!nner of /7/.
/ %e!r '!er, he ?&!b!n n) Demo;r!";on) ("'"p"no@ or &D(
$!s or)!n"ze* !s
! po'""c!' p!r%. /s 18 ou of 2B2 members of he House of
Represen!"#es
form!''% !'"!e* $"h he &D(, he House comm"ees, "nc'u*"n) he
House
represen!"on "n he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens, h!* o be
reor)!n"ze*.
(e""oner Coseen) hen $roe ! 'eer o pe!;er R!mon A"r!
re5ues"n)
h! !s represen!"#e of /7/, she be !ppo"ne* !s ! member of
heComm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens !n* House 'ecor!' Tr"bun!'.
n December , 1988, he House of Represen!"#es, re#"se* he
House
m!+or"% membersh"p "n he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens o conform
$"h
he ne$ po'""c!' !'")nmens b% rep'!c"n) Rep. R!u' /. D!z!,
&(, $"h Rep.
&u"s C. "n)son, &D(, ho$e#er, Con)ressm!n /b'!n, &,
$!s re!"ne* !s he
12h member represen"n) he House m"nor"%.
n Eebru!r% 1, 1989, Coseen) !n* her p!r%, F'e* h"s (e""on
for
r!or*"n!r% &e)!' r"s pr!%"n) h! he upreme Cour *ec'!re !s
nu'' !n*
#o"* he e'ec"on of respon*en /b'!n, er!no0!p, Romero,
Cuenco,
Aerc!*o, !n*on, C!boch!n, 7mper"!', &obre)!, e'r!n,
&ocs"n, !n*
http://lawskooliscool.wordpress.com/category/case-digests/http://lawskooliscool.wordpress.com/2011/07/25/coseteng-vs-mitra-g-r-no-86649/#respondhttp://lawskooliscool.wordpress.com/2011/07/25/coseteng-vs-mitra-g-r-no-86649/#respondhttp://lawskooliscool.wordpress.com/category/case-digests/
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"n)son, !s members of he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens, o en+o"n
hem
from !c"n) !s such !n* o en+o"n !'so he oher respon*ens from
reco)n"z"n) hem !s members of he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens on
he
heor% h! he"r e'ec"on o h! Comm"ss"on #"o'!e* he
cons"u"on!'m!n*!e of propor"on!' represen!"on
Issue:
1. N he 5ues"on r!"se* "s po'""c!'.
2. N he members of he House "n he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens
$ere
chosen on he b!s"s of propor"on!' represen!"on from he po'""c!'
p!r"eshere"n !s pro#"*e* "n ec"on 18, /r"c'e 7 of he 198-
Cons"u"on.
Ho'*"n)
Held:
1. No, " "s no. The ?po'""c!' 5ues"on@ "ssue $!s se'e* "n D!z!
#s. "n)son,
$here h"s Cour ru'e* h! ?he 'e)!'"%, !n* no he $"s*om, of he
m!nner
of F''"n) he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens !s prescr"be* b% he
Cons"u"on@
"s +us"c"!b'e, !n*, ?e#en "f he 5ues"on $ere po'""c!' "n n!ure,
" $ou'* s"''
come $"h"n our po$ers of re#"e$ un*er he ep!n*e* +ur"s*"c"on
conferre*
upon us b% /r"c'e 777, ec"on 1, of he Cons"u"on, $h"ch "nc'u*es
he
!uhor"% o *eerm"ne $heher )r!#e !buse of *"scre"on !moun"n)
o
ecess or '!c; of +ur"s*"c"on h!s been comm"e* b% !n% br!nch
or
"nsrumen!'"% of he )o#ernmen.@
2. es, pe""on "s *"sm"sse* for '!c; of mer". ec"on 18, /r"c'e 7
of he
198- Cons"u"on re!*s: ?ec. 18. There sh!'' be ! Comm"ss"on
on
/ppo"nmens cons"s"n) of he (res"*en of he en!e, !s e oFc"o
Ch!"rm!n, $e'#e en!ors, !n* $e'#e Aembers of he House
of
Represen!"#es e'ece* b% e!ch House on he b!s"s of
propor"on!'
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represen!"on from he po'""c!' p!r"es !n* p!r"es or
or)!n"z!"ons
re)"sere* un*er he p!r%0'"s s%sem represene* here"n. The
ch!"rm!n of
he Comm"ss"on sh!'' no #oe, ecep "n c!se of ! "e. The Comm"ss"on
sh!''
!c on !'' !ppo"nmens subm"e* o " $"h"n h"r% sess"on *!%s of
heCon)ress from he"r subm"ss"on. The comm"ss"on sh!'' ru'e b% !
m!+or"% #oe
of !'' he Aembers. =/r. 7, 198- Cons"u"on.> The compos""on of
he
House membersh"p "n he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens $!s b!se* on
propor"on!' represen!"on of he po'""c!' p!r"es "n he House.
There !re
16B members of he &D( "n he House. The% represen -9I of he
House
membersh"p =$h"ch m!% be roun*e* ou o 8BI>. ")h% percen
=8BI> of 12
members "n he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens $ou'* e5u!' 9.6
members,$h"ch m!% be roun*e* ou o en =1B> members from he
&D(. The rem!"n"n)
$o se!s $ere !ppor"one* o he &( =respon*en &orn!
er!no0!p> !s he
ne '!r)es p!r% "n he Co!'esce* A!+or"% !n* he & =respon*en
Ro5ue
/b'!n> !s he pr"nc"p!' oppos""on p!r% "n he House. There "s
no *oub h!
h"s !ppor"onmen of he House membersh"p "n he Comm"ss"on on
/ppo"nmens $!s *one ?on he b!s"s of propor"on!' represen!"on of
he
po'""c!' p!r"es here"n.@ There "s no mer" "n he pe""oners
conen"on h!he House members "n he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens shou'*
h!#e been
nom"n!e* !n* e'ece* b% he"r respec"#e po'""c!' p!r"es. The
pe""on "se'f
sho$s h! he% $ere nom"n!e* b% he"r respec"#e oor 'e!*ers "n
he
House. The% $ere e'ece* b% he House =no b% he"r p!r%> !s
pro#"*e* "n
ec"on 18, /r"c'e 7 of he Cons"u"on. The #!'"*"% of he"r e'ec"on
o he
Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens0e'e#en =11> from he Co!'esce*
A!+or"% !n*
one from he m"nor"%0"s un!ss!"'!b'e.
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(e""oner /nn! Coseen), he 'one c!n*"*!e e'ece* o he House of
Represen!"#es un*er /7/, $roe o pe!;er R!mon A"r! o !ppo"n
her
!s ! member of he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens =C/> !n* House
Tr"bun!' K
! re5ues b!c;e* b% n"ne con)ressmen.
(re#"ous'%, he House e'ece* from he Co!'esce* A!+or"% p!r"es 11
ou 12
con)ressmen o he C/ !n* '!er on, !**e* Ro5ue /b'!n, Jr. !s he
$e'fh
member, represen"n) he Co!'esce* A"nor"%. &!b!n n)
Demo;r!";on)
("'"p"no =&D(> $!s !'so or)!n"ze* !s ! p!r%, promp"n) he
re#"s"on of he
House m!+or"% membersh"p "n C/ *ue o po'""c!' re!'")nmens !n*
he
rep'!cemen of Rep. D!z! =&(> $"h Rep. "n)son
=&D(>.
Con)ress$om!n /nn! Coseen) !n* her p!r% /7/ F'e* ! (e""on
for
r!or*"n!r% &e)!' r"s =cons"*ere* !s pe""on for 5uo $!rr!no
!n*
"n+unc"on> pr!%"n) h! he Cour *ec'!re he e'ec"on of respon*en
/b'!n,
"n)son !n* he res of he C/ members nu'' !n* #o"* on he heor%
h!
he"r e'ec"on #"o'!e* he cons"u"on!' m!n*!e of propor"on!'
represen!"on bec!use he Ne$ A!+or"% =&D(> "s en"'e* o
on'% 9 se!s !n*
members mus be nom"n!e* !n* e'ece* b% he"r p!r"es. he furher
!''e)e* h! she "s 5u!'"Fe* o s" "n he C/ bec!use of he suppor of
9 oher
con)ressmen from he A"nor"%.
The respon*en conen*s h! he "ssue of C/ reor)!n"z!"on $!s
! po'""c!'
5ues"on, hence ous"*e he +ur"s*"c"on of he Cour, $!s "n
conson!nce $"hhe ?propor"on!' represen!"on@ c'!use "n /r 7 of he
Cons"u"on !n* h!
pe""oner $!s boun* b% he A!+or"% *ec"s"on s"nce /7/ $!s p!r of
he
Co!'esce* A!+or"%.
Issue:
N he members of he C/ $ere chosen on b!s"s of propor"on!'
represen!"on.
Held:
Yes. etition !as dis"issed #o$ lac% o# "e$it, no bec!use
"ssue r!"se*
$!s ! po'""c!' 5ues"on bu bec!use re#"s"on "n House represen!"on
"n
C/ wasb!se* on propor"on!' represen!"on.
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The compos""on of he House membersh"p sho$s h! here !re
16B &D(
members "n he House, compr"s"n) -9I of he House membersh"p.
Th"s
)r!ne* hem ! roun*e*0up 1B se!s "n he C/ !n* 'ef he rem!"n"n) $o
o
&( !n* & !s he ne '!r)es p!r"es. /7/, be"n) ! member of
he
Co!'esce* A!+or"%, "s boun* b% he m!+or"% cho"ces. #en "f /7/
$ere !noppos""on p!r%, "s 'one member Coseen) represens 'ess h!n 1I
of he
House membersh"p !n*, hence, *oes no en"'e her ! se! "n he 12
House
se!s "n C/.
Her en*orsemens from 9 oher con)ressmen !re "nconse5uen"!'
bec!use
he% !re no members of her p!r% !n* he% s")ne* "*en"c!'
en*orsemens
for her r"#!', Con). er!no0!p.
There "s no mer" "n pe""oners conen"on h! C/ members
shou'* h!#e
been nom"n!e* !n* e'ece* b% he"r p!r"es bec!use of members
$ere
nom"n!e* b% he"r oor 'e!*ers !n* e'ece* b% he House.
Jur"s*"c"on "ssue o#er po'""c!' 5ues"on $!s !'so se'e* "n
Daza vs
Singson "n h! he Cons"u"on conferre* he Cour $"h
ep!n*e*
+ur"s*"c"on o *eerm"ne $heher )r!#e !buse of *"scre"on
!moun"n) o
ecess or '!c; of +ur"s*"c"on h!s been comm"e* b% he oher
)o#ernmen
br!nches.
=====&UI'&(') * &('+)LES
/fer he A!% 11, 1992 e'ec"ons, he sen!e $!s compose* of 1
&D(sen!ors, N(C sen!ors, 3 &//0NLCD sen!ors, !n* 1
&(0(D(0&//Nsen!or. To suce he re5u"remen h! e!ch house mus
h!#e 12represen!"#es "n he Co/, he p!r"es !)ree* o use he r!*""on!'
formu'!:=No. of en!ors of ! po'""c!' p!r%> 12 se!s> M To!'
No. of en!orse'ece*. The resu's of such ! formu'! $ou'* pro*uce -.
members for &D(,2. members for N(C, 1. members for
&//0NLCD, !n* B. member for
&(0(D(0&//N. Romu'o, !s he m!+or"% oor 'e!*er, nom"n!e*
8 sen!orsfrom he"r p!r% bec!use he roun*e* o -. o 8 !n* h! T!O!*!
from &(0(D(0&//N shou'* represen he s!me p!r% o he Co/.
Th"s "s !'so pursu!no he propos""on comprom"se b% en To'en"no $ho
propose* h! hee'ece* members of he Co/ shou'* cons"s of e")h
&D(, one &(0(D(0&//N,$o N(C !n* one &//0NLCD.
Gu"n)on!, ! member of &//0NLCD,oppose* he s!"* comprom"se. He
!''e)e* h! he comprom"se "s !)!"nspropor"on!' represen!"on.
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ISSUE: heher or no roun*"n) o "s !''o$e* "n *eerm"n"n) !
p!r%srepresen!"on "n he Co/.
HELD: 7 "s ! f!c !ccepe* b% !'' such p!r"es h! e!ch of hem "s
en"'e* o! fr!c"on!' membersh"p on he b!s"s of he ru'e on
propor"on!'
represen!"on of e!ch of he po'""c!' p!r"es. / '"er!' "nerpre!"on
of ec"on 18 of /r"c'e 7 of he Cons"u"on 'e!*s o no oher m!nner
of !pp'"c!"on. The prob'em "s $h! o *o $"h he fr!c"on of . or
12 o $h"che!ch of he p!r"es "s en"'e*. The &D( m!+or"% "n he
en!e con#ere* !fr!c"on!' h!'f membersh"p "no ! $ho'e membersh"p of
one sen!or b%!**"n) one h!'f or . o -. o be !b'e o e'ec Romu'o. 7n
so *o"n) one oherp!r%s fr!c"on!' membersh"p $!s correspon*"n)'%
re*uce* 'e!#"n) he'!ers represen!"on "n he Comm"ss"on on /ppo"nmens
o 'ess h!n he"rpropor"on!' represen!"on "n he en!e. Th"s "s c'e!r'%
! #"o'!"on of ec"on 18 bec!use " "s no 'on)er "n comp'"!nce
$"h "s m!n*!eh! membersh"p"n he Comm"ss"on be b!se* on he
propor"on!'
represen!"on of he po'""c!' p!r"es. The e'ec"on of en!or Romu'o
)!#emore represen!"on o he &D( !n* re*uce* he represen!"on
of one po'""c!' p!r% e"her he &// NLCD or he N(C. /
p!r% shou'*h!#e ! 'e!s 1 se! for e#er% 2 *u'% e'ece*
sen!ors0members "n he Co/.here here !re more h!n 2 p!r"es "n en!e,
! p!r% $h"ch h!s on'% onemember sen!or c!nno cons"u"on!''% c'!"m !
se!. 7n or*er o reso'#esuch, he p!r"es m!% co!'esce $"h e!ch oher
"n or*er o come up $"hpropor"on!' represen!"on espec"!''% s"nce one
p!r% m!% h!#e !'"!"ons$"h he oher p!r%.
i"entel v. E,ecutive Sec$eta$- DigestG.R. No. 18B88 Ju'% 6,
2BB
E!cs:
1. The pe""oners F'e* ! pe""on for m!n*!mus o compe' he ce of
heecu"#e ecre!r% !n* he Dep!rmen of Eore")n /!"rs o r!nsm" hes")ne*
cop% of he Rome !ue of he 7nern!"on!' Cr"m"n!' Cour o heen!e of he
(h"'"pp"nesfor "s concurrence pursu!n o ec. 21, /r 77 of he198-
Cons"u"on.
2. The Rome !ue es!b'"she* he 7nP' Cr"m"n!' Cour $h"ch $"''
h!#e +ur"s*"c"on o#er he mos ser"ous cr"mes !s )enoc"*e,
cr"mes !)!"nshum!n"%, $!r cr"mes !n* cr"mes of !))ress"on !s *eFne*
b% he !ue. The (h"'"pp"nes hrou)h he Ch!r)"e *u /!"rs "n LN.
The pro#"s"ons of he!ue ho$e#er re5u"re h! " be sub+ec o r!"Fc!"on,
!ccep!nce or!ppro#!' of he s")n!or% s!e.
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3. (e""oners conen* h! r!"Fc!"on of ! re!%, un*er boh *omes"c
!n*"nern!"on!' '!$, "s ! func"on of he en!e, hence " "s he *u% of
heecu"#e Dep!rmen o r!nsm" he s")ne* cop% o he sen!e o !''o$ "
oeerc"se "s *"scre"on.
Issue: /et/e$ o$ not t/e E,ec. Sec$eta$- and t/e DF) /ave
t/e"iniste$ial dut- to t$ans"it to t/e Senate t/e cop- o# t/e
o"eStatute signed 1- a "e"1e$ o# t/e /ilippine "ission to t/e
U.'.even !it/out t/e signatu$e o# t/e $esident.
The upreme Cour he'* N.
1. The (res"*en !s he he!* of s!e "s he so'e or)!n !n* !uhor"ze*
"n heeern!' re'!"ons !n* he "s !'so he counr%Ps so'e represen!"#e
$"hfore")n n!"ons, He "s he mouhp"ece $"h respec o he counr%Ps
fore")n
!!"rs.
2. 7n re!%0m!;"n), he (res"*en h!s he so'e !uhor"% o ne)o"!e
$"hoher s!es !n* ener "no re!"es bu h"s po$er "s '"m"e* b%
heCons"u"on $"h he 23 re5u"re* #oe of !'' he members of he en!e
forhe re!% o be #!'"*. =ec. 21, /r 77>.
3. The 'e)"s'!"#e br!nch p!r "s essen"!' o pro#"*e ! chec; on he
eecu"#e"n he Fe'* of fore")n re'!"ons, o ensure he n!"onPs pursu"
of po'""c!'m!ur"% !n* )ro$h.
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7n 2BB3, #"! ch!n)e of Noes $"h he L )o#ernmen, he R(,
represene*b% hen DE/ ecre!r% p'e, Fn!'"ze* ! non0surren*er !)reemen
$h"ch!"me* o proec cer!"n persons of he R( !n* L from fr"#o'ous
!n*h!r!ssmen su"s h! m")h be brou)h !)!"ns hem "n
"nern!"on!'r"bun!'s.
(e""oner "mpues )r!#e !buse of *"scre"on o respon*ens "n
conc'u*"n)!n* r!"f%"n) he /)reemen !n* pr!%s h! " be sruc; *o$n
!suncons"u"on!', or ! 'e!s *ec'!re* !s $"hou force !n* eec.
ISSUE:/et/e$ t/e espondents a1used t/ei$ disc$etion a"ounting to
lac% o$ e,cess o# u$isdiction #o$ concluding t/e >US 'on
Su$$ende$)g$ee"ent in cont$avention o# t/e o"e Statute.
/et/e$ t/e ag$ee"ent is valid7 1inding and e
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CNT7TLT7N/& &/: 23 concurrence
econ* "ssue
The r")h of he ecu"#e o ener "no b"n*"n) !)reemens $"hou
he
necess"% of subse5uen Con)ress"on!' !ppro#!' h!s been conFrme*
b% 'on)us!)e. Erom he e!r'"es *!%s of our h"sor%, $e h!#e enere*
eecu"#e!)reemens co#er"n) such sub+ecs !s commerc"!' !n* consu'!r
re'!"ons,mos f!#ore*0n!"on r")hs, p!en r")hs, r!*em!r; !n*
cop%r")hproec"on, pos!' !n* n!#")!"on !rr!n)emens !n* he se'emen of
c'!"ms. The #!'"*"% of hese h!s ne#er been ser"ous'% 5ues"one*
b% our cours.
ecu"#e !)reemens m!% be #!'"*'% enere* "no $"hou
suchconcurrence. /s he (res"*en $"e'*s #!s po$ers !n* "nuence, her
con*uc"n he eern!' !!"rs of he n!"on "s, !s !%!n $ou'* pu ",
?eecu"#e!'o)eher.@ The r")h of he (res"*en o ener "no or r!"f%
b"n*"n)
eecu"#e !)reemens h!s been conFrme* b% 'on) pr!c"ce.
(e""on "s D7A7D.
GLT7RRS HL E R(RNT/T7 CAA7TT N JLT7C 41CR/ 44 A/RN (/RTNR
/ND /C7/T JLN 1, 2B12 /CCLNT/7&7T
E (L&7C EE7CR E7&7NG /ND
RERR/& 7A(/CHANT ARCD7T/
GLT7RRSALDA/N N0/R /R
Cer"or!r" !n* proh"b""on
D!e of (romu')!"on: Eebru!r% 1, 2B11
(onene: Carpio-Morales, J.
u"c;Gu"*e: (e""oner0mbu*sm!n ch!''en)es House Reso'u"ons of ep.
1 !n*
-, 2B1B Fn*"n) $o "mpe!chmen comp'!"ns !)!"ns he pe""oner,
s"mu'!neous'% referre* o he House Comm"ee on Jus"ce, suc"en "n
form !n*
subs!nce on )roun*s h! she $!s *en"e* *ue process !n* h! he
s!"*
reso'u"ons #"o'!e* he one0%e!r b!r ru'e on "n""!"n) "mpe!chmen
procee*"n)s
for "mpe!ch!b'e ocers. Cour *"sm"sse* he pe""on.
E!cs:
0 22Ju'%2B1B: 4 *!%s before he 1h Con)ress opene* "s Frs
sess"on,
pr"#!e respon*ens R"s! Hon"#eros0!r!5ue', D!n"'o &"m !n*
spouses (es!Uo
http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/2012/06/01/gutierrez-vs-house-of-representatives-committee-on-justice-415-scra-44/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/2012/06/01/gutierrez-vs-house-of-representatives-committee-on-justice-415-scra-44/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/author/maroon5partnersandassociates/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/2012/06/01/gutierrez-vs-house-of-representatives-committee-on-justice-415-scra-44/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/accountability-of-public-officers/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/accountability-of-public-officers/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/filing-and-referral/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/impeachment/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/merceditas-gutierrez/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/merceditas-gutierrez/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/ombudsman/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/one-year-bar/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/2012/06/01/gutierrez-vs-house-of-representatives-committee-on-justice-415-scra-44/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/2012/06/01/gutierrez-vs-house-of-representatives-committee-on-justice-415-scra-44/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/author/maroon5partnersandassociates/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/2012/06/01/gutierrez-vs-house-of-representatives-committee-on-justice-415-scra-44/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/accountability-of-public-officers/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/accountability-of-public-officers/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/filing-and-referral/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/impeachment/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/merceditas-gutierrez/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/merceditas-gutierrez/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/ombudsman/http://maroon5partnersandassociates.wordpress.com/tag/one-year-bar/
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=!r!5ue' )roup> F'e* !n "mpe!chmen comp'!"n !)!"ns Gu"errez
upon
en*orsemen of (!r%0&"s Represen!"#es !'*en e''o !n* /r'ene
!)0!o
0 2-Ju'%2B1B: HR ec0Gen r!nsm"e* he comp'!"n o House pe!;er
e'mone $ho hen, on /u)us 2, *"rece* he Comm"ee on Ru'es o
"nc'u*e " "n
he r*er of us"ness
0 3/u)2B1B: pr"#!e respon*ens Ren!o Re%es Jr., Aoher A!r%
John
A!n!nz!n, D!n"'o R!mos, *re '!'"!, Eer*"n!n* G!"e !n* J!mes
Terr% R"*on
=Re%es )roup> F'e* !n "mpe!chmen comp'!"n !)!"ns! here"n
pe""oner
en*orse* b% Represen!"#es Co'men!res, C!s"Uo, A!r"!no, 7'!)!n,
T"n"o !n* De
Jesus
0 HR pro#"s"on!''% !*ope* he Ru'es of (roce*ure on
7mpe!chmen
(rocee*"n)s of he 14h Con)ress !n* HR ec0Gen r!nsm"e* he
comp'!"n o
House pe!;er e'mone $ho hen, on /u)us 9, *"rece* he Comm"ee on
Ru'eso "nc'u*e " "n he r*er of us"ness
0 11/u)2B1B: HR s"mu'!neous'% referre* he $o comp'!"ns o he
House
Comm"ee on Jus"ce =HCJ for bre#"%>
0 /fer he!r"n), HCJ b% Reso'u"on of epember 1, 2B1B, foun*
boh
comp'!"ns suc"en "n form
0 2ep2B1B: The Ru'es of (roce*ure of 7mpe!chmen (rocee*"n)s of
he
1h Con)ress $!s pub'"she*
0 /fer he!r"n), HCJ b% Reso'u"on of epember -, 2B1B foun* he
$o
comp'!"ns, $h"ch boh !''e)e cu'p!b'e #"o'!"on of he Cons"u"on
!n* ber!%!' of
pub'"c rus, suc"en "n subs!nce
0 (e""oner F'e* pe""ons for cer"or!r" !n* proh"b""on
ch!''en)"n)
Reso'u"ons of epember 1 !n* - !''e)"n) h! she $!s *en"e* *ue
process !n*
h! hese #"o'!e* he one0%e!r b!r ru'e on "n""!"n) "mpe!chmen
procee*"n)s
7ssues:
1. heher he c!se presens ! +us"c"!b'e conro#ers%
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2. heher he be'!e* pub'"c!"on of he Ru'es of (roce*ure of
7mpe!chmen
(rocee*"n)s of he 1h Con)ress *en"e* *ue process o he
(e""oner
3. heher he s"mu'!neous referr!' of he $o comp'!"ns #"o'!e*
he
Cons"u"on
Ru'"n): (e""on D7A7D.
R!"o:
1. 2. '(; ) (LI;IC)L AUES;I('
0 Er!nc"sco Jr. #s HR: Ju*"c"!' re#"e$ "s no on'% ! po$er bu !
*u% of he +u*"c"!r%
0 he 198- Cons"u"on, hou)h #es"n) "n he House of Represen!"#es
he
ec'us"#e po$er o "n""!e "mpe!chmen c!ses, pro#"*es for se#er!'
'"m"!"ons ohe eerc"se of such po$er !s embo*"e* "n ec"on 3=2>,
=3>, =4> !n* =>, /r"c'e
V7 hereof. These '"m"!"ons "nc'u*e he manner of ling, required
vote to
impea!, and t!e one "ear bar on t!e impea!ment of one and t!e
same o#ial.
0he Cons"u"on *"* no "nen* o 'e!#e he m!er of "mpe!chmen o he
so'e
*"scre"on of Con)ress. 7nse!*, " pro#"*e* for cer!"n $e''0*eFne*
'"m"s, or "n he
'!n)u!)e of $a%er v. Carr , ?+u*"c"!''% *"sco#er!b'e
s!n*!r*s@ for *eerm"n"n) he
#!'"*"% of he eerc"se of such *"scre"on, hrou)h he po$er of
+u*"c"!' re#"e$
1. 8. DUE (CESS: Is t/e$e a need to pu1lis/ as a "ode
o#p$o"ulgation t/e ules o# $ocedu$e o# I"peac/"ent $oceedingsB
0 =(> !''e)es h! he Fn*"n) of suc"enc% "n form !n* subs!nce
of he
"mpe!chmen comp'!"ns "s !"ne* $"h b"!s !s he Ch!"rm!n of he
HCJs, Rep.
Tup!s, f!her h!s ! pen*"n) c!se $"h her ! he
!n*")!nb!%!n
0 (resump"on of re)u'!r"%
0 The *eerm"n!"on of suc"enc% of form !n* eponen of he epress
)r!n
of ru'e0m!;"n) po$er "n he HR
0 t/e I"peac/"ent ules a$e clea$ in ec/oing t/e
constitutional
$equi$e"ents and p$oviding t/at t/e$e "ust 1e a ve$ied co"plaint
o$
$esolution7 and t/at t/e su1stance $equi$e"ent is "et i# t/e$e
is a
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$ecital o# #acts constituting t/e o
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*a+an!an' -apa!ya&an )#'. 10, Seye 1993 %&i& in#($e!
t&e M(niipa#oty o" Moon' a! pat
o" t&e S(i Speia# Eono+i /one in ao$ %it& t&e RA o.
22.
T&e +(niipa#ity $i$ not tae any ation on t&e petition
%it&in 30 $ay! a"te it! !(+i!!ion !o,
t&ey e!ote$ to t&ei po%e o" initiatie (n$e t&e Loa#
Goen+ent Co$e o" 1991. T&ey!o#iite$ t&e e5(ie$ n(+e o"
!i'nat(e! to epea# t&e !ai$ e!o#(tion.
6o%ee, t&e Vie Mayo, 6on. E$i#eto $e Leon, an$ t&e
*e!i$in' O""ie o" t&e San''(nian'
)ayan n' Moon' %ote a #ette $ate$ 7(ne 11, 1993 to $eny t&e
petition "o #oa# initiatie
an$8o e"een$(+.
On 7(#y , 1993, t&e Co+e#e $enie$ t&e petition "o #oa#
initiatie ea(!e it! !(et i! ;+ee#y
a e!o#(tion an$ not an o$inane.<
ISS=E: %8n t&e *a+an!an' -apa!ya&an )#'. 10, Seye
1993 i! t&e pope !(et o" an initiatie>
S(?i!!(e: %8n t&e $ei!ion o" t&e Co+e#e to $eny t&e
petition e !et a!i$e>
6EL@:
T&e petition i! 'ante$ an$ t&e $ei!ion o" t&e Co+e#e
on 7(#y , 1993 i! ann(##e$ an$ !et a!i$e.
R=LIG:
T&e 19 Con!tit(tion in!ta##e$ a t&e po%e to t&e
peop#e e'a$in' #e'i!#ation ea(!e o" t&e
eent in Fe(ay 19. T&e ne% Con!tit(tion ea+e ;#e!! t(!tin' o"
p(#i o""iia#!.<
T&o('& initiatie, t&e peop#e %ee 'ien t&e po%e
to a+en$ t&e Con!tit(tion (n$e Se. 2 At.
1 %&i& poi$e! ;a+en$+ent! to t&i! Con!tit(tion +ay
#ie%i!e e $iet#y popo!e$ y t&e
peop#e t&o('& initiatie (pon a petition o" at #ea!t 12B
o" t&e tota# n(+e o" e'i!tee$ ote!,
o" %&i& eey #e'i!#atie $i!tit +(!t e epe!ente$ y at
#ea!t 3B o" t&e e'i!tee$ ote
t&eein.<
T&e Co+e#e %a! a#!o e+po%ee$ to en"oe an$ a$+ini!te a## #a%!
an$ e'(#ation! e#atie to
t&e on$(t o" an initiatie an$ e"een$(+.
On A('. 4, 199, t&e Con'e!! appoe$ RA o. 3 entit#e$ ;An At
*oi$in' "o a Sy!te+ o"
Initiatie an$ Re"een$(+ an$ Appopiatin' F(n$!
T&ee"o.<
DES. Se. 32 o" At. poi$e! ; t&e Con'e!! !&a##
poi$e "o a !y!te+ o" initiatie an$
e"een$(+, an$ t&e eeption! t&ee"o+, %&eey t&e
peop#e an $iet#y popo!e
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an$ enat #a%! o appoe o eet any at o #a% o pat t&eeo" pa!!e$
y t&e Con'e!! o #oa#
#e'i!#atie o$y.
=n$e Se. 32a o" RA o. 3 it poi$e$ t&e 3 !y!te+! o"
initiatie, na+e#y:
1. Initiatie on t&e Con!tit(tion H petition to a+en$ t&e
Con!tit(tion2. Initiatie on !tat(te! H petition popo!in' to enat a
nationa# #e'i!#ation
3. Initiatie on #oa# #e'i!#ation H petition popo!in' to enat a
e'iona#, poinia#, ity,
+(niipa#, o aan'ay #a%, e!o#(tion o o$inane
=n$e it! Se.1a, it poi$e$ t&e #i+itation! on #oa#
initiatie!, %&i& i! ;t&e po%e o" #oa#
initiatie !&a## not e eei!e$ +oe t&an one a yea.<
&)CI) E; )L. *S C(ELEC(ose* b% ;!%e 'ee on 1B:8 /A
G.R. No. 111511 October 5, 1993 [Initiative and Referendum;
Recall proceeding
F)C;S:
!nri"ue #. Garcia $a% elected governor of &ataan in t'e 199(
election%. )ome ma*or%, vice+ma*or%
and member% of t'e )angguniang &a*an of t'e t$elve 1(-
municipalitie% of t'e province con%tituted
t'em%elve% into a reparator* Recall /%%embl* to initiate t'e
recall election of petitioner Garcia.
#'e* i%%ued Re%olution No. 1 a% formal initiation of t'e recall
proceeding%. 0O!2!0 %c'eduled
t'e recall election for t'e gubernatorial po%ition of
&ataan.
etitioner% t'en filed a petition for certiorari and pro'ibition
$it' $rit of preliminar* inunction to
annul t'e Re%olution of t'e 0O!2!0 becau%e t'e R/0 failed to
compl* $it' t'e 4%ub%tantive and
procedural re"uirement4 laid do$n in )ection 6 of R./. 176 2ocal
Government 0ode 1991-. #'e*
pointed out t'e mo%t fatal defect of t'e proceeding follo$ed b*
t'e R/0 in pa%%ing t'e Re%olution8
t'e deliberate failure to %end notice% of t'e meeting to 75
member% of t'e a%%embl*.
ISSUES:
1- 'et'er or not t'e people 'ave t'e %ole and e:clu%ive rig't to
initiate recall proceeding%.
(- 'et'er or not t'e procedure for recall violated t'e rig't of
elected local public official% belonging
to t'e political minorit* to e"ual protection of t'e la$.
ULI'&:
1- No. #'ere i% not'ing in t'e 0on%titution t'at $ill remotel*
%ugge%t t'at t'e people 'ave t'e 4%ole
and e:clu%ive rig't to decide on $'et'er to initiate a recall
proceeding.4 #'e 0on%titution did not
provide for an* mode, let alone a %ingle mode, of initiating
recall election%.
http://skinnycases.blogspot.com/2013/09/garcia-et-al-vs-comelec.htmlhttp://skinnycases.blogspot.com/2013/09/garcia-et-al-vs-comelec.html
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#'e mandate given b* %ection 3 of /rticle of t'e 0on%titution i%
for 0ongre%% to 4enact a local
government code $'ic' %'all provide for a more re%pon%ive and
accountable local government
%tructure t'roug' a %*%tem of decentrali
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FACTS:
On Decem#er $" 1!!$" %tt&. 'es(s S. De)fin" fo(n*ing mem#er
of te Movement for +eo,)es
nitiative" fi)e* /it te COMELEC a 0+etition to %men* te
Constit(tion" to Lift erm Limits of
E)ective Officia)s" #& +eo,)es nitiative0 citing Section 2"
%rtic)e of te Constit(tion. %cting on
te ,etition" te COMELEC set te case for earing an* *irecte*
De)fin to ave te ,etition
,(#)ise*. %fter te earing te arg(ments #et/een ,etitioners an*
o,,osing ,arties" te
COMELEC *irecte* De)fin an* te o,,ositors to fi)e teir
0memoran*a an*4or
o,,ositions4memoran*a0 /itin five *a&s. On Decem#er 1" 1!!$"
Senator Miriam Defensor
Santiago" %)e6an*er +a*i))a" an* Maria sa#e) Ong,in fi)e* a
s,ecia) civi) action for ,roi#ition
(n*er R()e $5 raising te fo))o/ing arg(ments" among oters
1.8 at te Constit(tion can on)& #e amen*e* #& ,eo,)e9s
initiative if tere is an ena#)ing )a/
,asse* #& Congress" to /ic no s(c )a/ as &et #een
,asse*: an*
2.8 at R.%. $735 *oes not s(ffice as an ena#)ing )a/ on ,eo,)e9s
initiative on te Constit(tion"
(n)i;e in te oter mo*es of initiative.
ISSUE:
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,eo,)e are not accor*e* te ,o/er to 0*irect)& ,ro,ose"
enact" a,,rove" or reAect" in /o)e or in
,art" te Constit(tion0 tro(g te s&stem of initiative. e&
can on)& *o so /it res,ect to 0)a/s"
or*inances" or reso)(tions.0 e (se of te c)a(se 0,ro,ose* )a/s
so(gt to #e enacte*" a,,rove*
or reAecte*" amen*e* or re,ea)e*0 *enotes tat R.%. No. $735
e6c)(*es initiative on amen*ments
to te Constit(tion.
%)so" /i)e te )a/ ,rovi*es s(#tit)es for Nationa) nitiative an*
Referen*(m an* for Loca)
nitiative an* Referen*(m" no s(#tit)e is ,rovi*e* for initiative
on te Constit(tion. is means
tat te main tr(st of te )a/ is initiative an* referen*(m on
nationa) an* )oca) )a/s. f R.%. No.
$735 /ere inten*e* to f())& ,rovi*e for te im,)ementation of
te initiative on amen*ments to
te Constit(tion" it co()* ave ,rovi*e* for a s(#tit)e terefor"
consi*ering tat in te or*er of
tings" te ,rimac& of interest" or ierarc& of va)(es" te
rigt of te ,eo,)e to *irect)& ,ro,ose
amen*ments to te Constit(tion is far more im,ortant tan te
initiative on nationa) an* )oca)
)a/s.
con%titution b* modif*ing %ection% 1+ of /rt 7 and %ection% 1+?
of /rt andb* adding /rt 1>. t'e propo%ed c'ange% $ill %'ift t'e
pre%ent bicameral+ pre%idential form of government to
unicameral+ parliamentar*. 0O!2!0 denied t'e petition due to lac@
of enablingla$ governing initiative petition% and invo@ed t'e
)antiago A%. 0omelec ruling t'at R/ 735 i%
inade"uate to implement t'e initiative petition%.
Isse:
'et'er or Not t'e 2ambino GroupB% initiative petition complie%
$it' )ection (, /rticle AII of t'e 0on%titution on amendment%
to t'e 0on%titution t'roug' a peopleB% initiative.
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'et'er or Not t'i% 0ourt %'ould revi%it it% ruling in )antiago
declaring R/ 735 Cincomplete,inade"uate or $anting in e%%ential
term% and condition%D to implement t'e initiative clau%e
onpropo%al% to amend t'e 0on%titution.
'et'er or Not t'e 0O!2!0 committed grave abu%e of di%cretion in
den*ing due cour%e tot'e 2ambino GroupB% petition.
!el": /ccording to t'e )0 t'e 2ambino group failed to
compl* $it' t'e ba%ic re"uirement% for conducting a peopleB%
initiative. #'e 0ourt 'eld t'at t'e 0O!2!0 did not grave abu%e
of di%cretion on di%mi%%ing t'e 2ambino petition.
1. #'e Initiative etition Eoe% Not 0ompl* $it' )ection (,
/rticle AII of t'e 0on%titution onEirect ropo%al b* t'e eople
#'e petitioner% failed to %'o$ t'e court t'at t'e initiative
%igner mu%t be informed at t'e time of t'e %igning of t'e
nature and effect, failure to do %o i% Cdeceptive and mi%leadingD
$'ic' render%t'e initiative void.
(. #'e Initiative Aiolate% )ection (, /rticle AII of t'e
0on%titution Ei%allo$ing Revi%ion t'roug'Initiative%
#'e framer% of t'e con%titution intended a clear di%tinction
bet$een CamendmentD and Crevi%ion,it i% intended t'at t'e t'ird
mode of %tated in %ec ( art 1 of t'e con%titution ma* propo%e
onl*amendment% to t'e con%titution. erging of t'e legi%lative and
t'e e:ecutive i% a radical c'ange,t'erefore a con%titute% a
revi%ion.
3. / Revi%it of )antiago v. 0O!2!0 i% Not Nece%%ar*
!ven a%%uming t'at R/ 735 i% valid, it $ill not c'ange t'e
re%ult becau%e t'e pre%ent petitionviolated )ec ( /rt 1 to be a
valid initiative, mu%t fir%t compl* $it' t'e con%titution
before
compl*ing $it' R/ 735
etition i% di%mi%%ed.
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I##$%: 'et'er or not t'e petition for initiative met t'e
re"uirement% of )ec ( /rtAII of t'e
19> 0on%titution.
!%L&: #'e proponent% of t'e initiative %ecure t'e %ignature%
from t'e people. #'e proponent%
%ecure t'e %ignature% in t'eir private capacit* and not a%
public official%. #'e proponent% are
not di%intere%ted partie% $'o can impartiall* e:plain t'e
advantage% and di%advantage% of t'epropo%ed amendment% to t'e
people. #'e proponent% pre%ent favorabl* t'eir propo%al to t'e
people and do not pre%ent t'e argument% again%t t'eir propo%al.
#'e proponent%, or t'eir
%upporter%, often pa* t'o%e $'o gat'er t'e %ignature%. #'u%,
t'ere i% no pre%umption t'at t'e
proponent% ob%erved t'e con%titutional re"uirement% in gat'ering
t'e %ignature%. #'e
proponent% bear t'e burden of proving t'at t'e* complied $it'
t'e con%titutional re"uirement% in
gat'ering t'e %ignature% F t'at t'e petition contained, or
incorporated b* attac'ment, t'e full te:t
of t'e propo%ed amendment%. #'e proponent% failed to prove t'at
all t'e %ignatorie% to t'e
propo%ed amendment% $ere able to read and under%tand $'at t'e
petition contain%. etitioner%
merel* 'anded out t'e %'eet $'ere people can %ign but t'e* did
not attac' t'ereto t'e full te:t
of t'e propo%ed amendment%.
2ambino et al are al%o actuall* propo%ing a revision of t'e
con%titution and not a
mere amendment. #'i% i% al%o in violation of t'e logrolling rule
$'erein a
propo%ed amendment %'ould onl* contain one i%%ue. #'e
propo%edamendment% b* petitioner%
even include% a tran%itor* provi%ion $'ic' $ould enable t'e
$ould+be parliament to enact more
rule%.
#'ere i% no need to revi%it t'e )antiago ca%e %ince t'e i%%ue at
'and can be decided upon ot'er
fact%. #'e rule i%, t'e 0ourt avoid% "ue%tion% of
con%titutionalit* %o long a% t'ere are ot'er
mean% to re%olve an i%%ue at bar.
HHHNO#!8 On November (6, (667 in a petition for recon%ideration
%ubmitted b* t'e 2ambino
Group 16 ten- u%tice% of t'e )upreme 0ourt voted t'at Republic
/ct 735 i% ade"uate.
JO!A!R, t'i% $a% a mere minute re%olution $'ic' read% in
part8
Ten (10) Members of the Court reiterate their position, as shown
by their various opinions
already given when the Decision herein was promulgated, that
epublic !ct "o# $%&' is
sufficient and adeuate to amend the Constitution thru a peoples
initiative#
/% %uc', it i% in%i%ted t'at %uc' minute re%olution did
not become %tare deci%i%. )ee di%cu%%ion
'ere
HHHHR/ 7358 /n /ct roviding for a )*%tem of Initiative and
Referendum and /ppropriating
Kund% #'erefor
http://attyatwork.com/republic-act-6735-now-sufficient/http://attyatwork.com/republic-act-6735-now-sufficient/http://attyatwork.com/republic-act-6735-now-sufficient/http://attyatwork.com/republic-act-6735-now-sufficient/
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HILC('S) *S E'IAUE+(ose* b% ;!%e 'ee on 9:14 /A
G.R. No. 113165 /ugu%t 19 199? [/rticle AI )ection (5 +
/ppropriation%
F)C;S:
etitioner% a%%ailed t'e validit* of R/ 773 or General
/ppropriation% /ct of 199?.
G// contain% a %pecial provi%ion t'at allo$% an* member% of t'e
0ongre%% t'e R!alignment of
/llocation for Operational !:pen%e%, provided t'at t'e
total of %aid allocation i% not e:ceeded.
'ilcon%a claim% t'at onl* t'e )enate re%ident and t'e )pea@er of
t'e Jou%e of Repre%entative%
are t'e one% aut'ori 0on%titution.
ULI'&:
Le%. Onl* t'e )enate re%ident and t'e )pea@er of t'e Jou%e are
allo$ed to approve t'e
realignment.
Kurt'ermore, t$o condition% mu%t be met8 1- t'e fund% to be
realigned are actuall* %aving%, and (-
t'e tran%fer i% for t'e purpo%e of augmenting t'e item% of
e:penditure% to $'ic' %aid tran%fer to be
made.
/% to t'e certain condition given to t'e /K 0'ief of
)taff, it i% violative of of )ection% (55- and
(91- of t'e /rticle AI of t'e 0on%titution. #'e li%t of t'o%e
$'o ma* be aut'ori
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E!0!&!R #JIR#L ON!, NIN!#!!N J=NER!E /NE NIN!#L+KO=R, /NE
KOR O#J!R=RO)!)D G// of 199?-. On t'e %ame da*, t'e re%ident
delivered 'i% re%idential Aetoe%%age, %pecif*ing t'e provi%ion% of
t'e bill 'e vetoed and on $'ic' 'e impo%ed certain condition%,a%
follo$%8
1. rovi%ion on Eebt 0eiling, on t'e ground t'at Ct'i% debt
reduction %c'eme cannot be validl* donet'roug' t'e 199? G//.D /nd
t'at Cappropriation% for pa*ment of public debt, $'et'er foreign
or
dome%tic, are automaticall* appropriated pur%uant to t'e Koreign
&orro$ing /ct and )ection 31 of .E. No. 11 a% reiterated
under )ection (7, 0'apter ?, &oo@ AI of !.O. No. (9(, t'e
/dmini%trative0ode of 19>.
(. )pecial provi%ion% $'ic' aut'ori
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i% an CappropriateD provi%ion. &eing directl* related to and
in%eparable from t'e appropriation item onpurc'a%e% of medicine% b*
t'e /K, t'e %pecial provi%ion cannot be vetoed b* t'e re%ident
$it'outal%o vetoing t'e %aid item.
#'e re"uirement in )pecial rovi%ion No. ( on t'e Cu%e of KundD
for t'e /K moderni
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!%L&: No. #'e 0on%titution provide% t'at no la$ %'all be
pa%%ed aut'ori
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a(t&oiJin' any tan!"e o" appopiation!, &o%ee, t&e
*e!i$entK+ay y #a% e a(t&oiJe$ to
a('+ent any ite+ in t&e 'enea# appopiation! #a% "o t&ei
e!petie o""ie! "o+ !ain'! in
ot&e ite+! o" t&ei e!petie appopiation!.<
Issue:
1. 8 *@ 11 i! on!tit(tiona#
2. 8 t&e S(pe+e Co(t an at (pon t&e a!!ai#e$ ee(tie
at
Held:
1. No. Se 44 o" *@ 11 (n$(#y oeeten$! t&e pii#e'e 'ante$
(n$e Se1 y
e+po%ein' t&e *e!i$ent to in$i!i+inate#y tan!"e "(n$! "o+
one $epat+ent o" t&e
Ee(tie @epat+ent to any po'a+ o" any $epat+ent in#($e$ in
t&e Genea# Appopiation! At, %it&o(t any e'a$ a! to
%&et&e o not t&e "(n$! to e tan!"ee$ ae
at(a##y !ain'! in t&e ite+. It not on#y $i!e'a$! t&e
!tan$a$! !et in t&e "(n$a+enta# #a%,
t&eey a+o(ntin' to an (n$(e $e#e'ation o" #e'i!#atie po%e!,
(t #ie%i!e 'oe! eyon$ t&e
teno t&eeo".
*a. 1 o" Se. 44 p(t! a## !a"e'(a$! to "oe!ta## a(!e! in t&e
epen$it(e o" p(#i "(n$! to
na('&t. S(& on!tit(tiona# in"i+itie! en$e t&e
poi!ion in 5(e!tion null and void.
2. Yes. &ee t&e #e'i!#at(e o ee(tie at! eyon$ t&e
!ope o" it! on!tit(tiona# po%e!, it
eo+e! t&e $(ty o" t&e ($iiay to $e#ae %&at
t&e ot&e an&e! o" t&e 'oen+ent &a!
a!!(+e$ to $o a! oi$, a! pat o" it! on!tit(tiona##y on"ee$
($iia# po%e. T&i! i! not to !ay
t&at t&e ($iia# po%e i! !(peio in $e'ee o $i'nity. In
eei!in' t&i! &i'& a(t&oity, t&e
($'e! #ai+ no ($iia# !(pe+ay t&ey ae on#y t&e
a$+ini!tato! o" t&e p(#i %i##.
Petition granted. Par. 1, Sec. 44 OF PD 1177 null and void.
0/)! EIG!)#8 Guingona, r. v%. 0aragueG.R. No. 9?51. /pril ((,
1991
K/0#)8
#'e 1996 budget con%i%t% of 9>.? &illion in automatic
appropriation $it' >7.> &illionfor debt %ervice- and
155.3 &illion appropriated under R/ 7>31, ot'er$i%e @no$n
a%t'e General /pproriation% /ct, or a total of (33.5 &illion,
$'ile t'e appropriation% fort'e E!0) amount to
(,61,>13,666.66.
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#'e %aid automatic appropriation for debt %ervice i% aut'ori,
entitled C /mending 0ertain rovi%ion% of Republic /ct Numbered
Kour #'ou%and !ig't Jundred)i:t*, a% /mended Re8 Koreign
&orro$ing /ct-, Cb* E No. 11, entitled CRevi%ing t'e&udget
roce%% in Order to In%titutionali
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#'e %aid automatic appropriation for debt %ervice i% aut'ori1,
entitled
C/mending 0ertain rovi%ion% of Republic /ct Numbered Kour
#'ou%and !ig't Jundred )i:t*, a%
/mended Re8 Koreign &orro$ing /ct-,D b* .E. No. 11,
entitled CRevi%ing t'e &udget roce%% in
Order to In%titutionali
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manpower that would sustain the drive for total science
andtechnologymastery.3 Section
7 of R.A. No. 8439 grants the following additional allowances
and benefits (Magna Carta
benefits) to the covered officials and employees of the
Department of Science
and Technology(DOST). Under R.A. No. 8439, the funds for
the payment of the Magna
Carta benefits are to be appropriated by the General
Appropriations Act (GAA) of the
year following the enactment of R.A. No. 8439.
2.The DOST Regional Office No. IX in Zamboanga City released the
Magna Carta benefits
to the covered officials and employees commencing in CY 1998
despite the absence of
specific appropriation for the purpose in the GAA. Subsequently,
following the post-audit
conducted by COA State Auditor Ramon E. Vargas on April 23,
1999, October 28, 1999,
June 20, 2000, February 27, 2001, June 27, 2001, October 10,
2001 and October 17,
2001, several NDs (Notice of Disallowance) were issued
disapproving the payment of the
Magna Carta benefits. The provision for the use of savings in
the General Appropriations
Act (GAA) was vetoed by the President; hence, there was no basis
for the payment ofthe aforesaid allowances or benefits according to
the State Auditor.
3.DOST Secretary Dr. Filemon Uriarte, Jr. to request the Office
of the President (OP)
through his Memorandum dated April 3, 2000 (Request for
Authority to Use Savings for
the Payment of Magna Carta Benefits as provided for in R.A.
8439) for the authority to
utilize the DOST’s savings to pay the Magna Carta
benefits.6 The salient portions of the
Memorandum of Secretary Uriarte, Jr. explained the request in
the following manner: x x
x. However, the amount necessary for its full implementation had
not been provided in
theGeneral Appropriations Act (GAA). Since the Act’s
effectivity, the Department had
paid the 1998 MC benefits out of its current year’s savings as
provided for in the Budget
Issuances of the Department of Budget and Management while the
1999 MC benefits
were likewise sourced from the year’s savings as authorized in
the 1999 GAA. The 2000
GAA has no provision for the use of savings. The Department,
therefore, cannot
continue the payment of the Magna Carta benefits from its 2000
savings. x x x. The
DOST personnel are looking forward to His Excellency’s favorable
consideration for the
payment of said MC benefits, being part of the administration’s
10-point action program
to quote “I will order immediate implementation ofRA8439 (the
Magna Carta for
Science and Technology Personnel in Government)” as
published in the Manila Bulletin
dated May 20, 1998.
4.Through the Memorandum dated April 12, 2000, then Executive
Secretary Ronaldo
Zamora, acting by authority of the President, approved the
request of Secretary Uriarte,
Jr., ” With reference to your Memorandum dated April 03, 2000
requesting authority to
use savings from the appropriations of that Department and its
agencies for the payment
http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jan2013/gr_188635_2013.html#fnt3http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jan2013/gr_188635_2013.html#fnt6http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jan2013/gr_188635_2013.html#fnt3http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jan2013/gr_188635_2013.html#fnt6
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of Magna Carta Benefits as provided for in R.A. 8439, please be
informed that the said
request is hereby approved”.
5.On July 28, 2003, the petitioner, in her capacity as the DOST
Regional Director in
Region IX, lodged an appeal with COA Regional Cluster Director
Ellen Sescon, urging
the lifting of the disallowance of the Magna Carta benefits for
the period covering CY
1998 to CY 2001 amounting to P4,363,997.47. She anchored her
appeal on the April 12,
2000 Memorandum of Executive Secretary Zamora, and cited the
provision in the GAA
of 1998.
Issue: Is the act of the Executive Secretary falls under Article
VI, Section 25 (5) which provides ”
“(5) No law shall be passed authorizing any transfer of
appropriations, however, the
PRESIDENT, x x x may by law, be authorized to augment any item
in the general appropriations
law for their respective offices from savings in other items of
their respective appropriations.””
Held:
NO. “Simply put, it means that only the President has the power
to augment savings from one
item to another in the budget of administrative agencies under
his control and supervision. This
is the very reason why the President vetoed the Special
Provisions in the 1998 GAA that would
authorize the department heads to use savings to augment other
items of appropriations within
the Executive Branch. Such power could well be extended to
hisCabinet Secretaries as alter
egos under the “doctrine of qualified political agency”
enunciated by the Supreme Court in the
case of Binamira v. Garrucho, 188 SCRA 154, where it was
pronounced that the official acts of a
Department Secretary are deemed acts of the President unless
disapproved or reprobated by
the latter. Thus, in the instant case, the authority granted to
the DOST by the Executive
Secretary, being one of the alter egos of the President, was
legal and valid but in so far as the
use of agency’s savings for the year 2000 only. Although 2000
budget was reenacted in 2001,
the authority granted on the use of savings did not necessarily
extend to the succeeding year.”
&G7C/ VCLT7 CRT/R
#'i% ca%e i% con%olidated $it' G.R. No. (6>?93 and G.R. No.
(69(51.
#'e %o+called por@ barrel %*%tem 'a% been around in t'e
'ilippine% %ince about 19((. or@
&arrel i% commonl* @no$n a% t'e lump+%um, di%cretionar*
fund% of t'e member% of t'e
0ongre%%. It under$ent %everal legal de%ignation% from
CCongressional +or 2arrel D to t'e late%t
C+riority Development !ssistance 3und D
or '&(F. #'e allocation for t'e por@ barrel i%
integrated
in t'e annual .eneral !ppropriations !ct G//-.
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)ince (611, t'e allocation of t'e E/K 'a% been done in t'e
follo$ing manner8
a. '70 million8 for eac' member of t'e lo$er 'ou%e; bro@en do$n
to F ?6 million for Chard
pro/ectsD infra%tructure proect% li@e road%, building%,
%c'ool%, etc.-, and 36 million for Csoft
pro/ectsD %c'olar%'ip grant%, medical a%%i%tance,
liveli'ood program%, I# development, etc.-;
b. '200 million8 for eac' %enator; bro@en do$n to F 166 million
for 'ard proect%, 166 million
for %oft proect%;
c. '200 million8 for t'e Aice+re%ident; bro@en do$n to F 166
million for 'ard proect%, 166
million for %oft proect%.
#'e E/K article% in t'e G// do provide for eali-nment o
n"s $'ereb* certain cabinet
member% ma* re"ue%t for t'e realignment of fund% into t'eir
department provided t'at t'e
re"ue%t for realignment i% approved or concurred b* t'e
legi%lator concerned.
+residential +or 2arrel
#'e pre%ident doe% 'ave 'i% o$n %ource of fund albeit not
included in t'e G//. #'e %o+called
pre%idential por@ barrel come% from t$o %ource%8 a- t'e alampa*a
Kund%, from t'e
alampa*a Ga% roect F t'i% 'a% been around %ince 197, and b- t'e
re%idential )ocial
Kund $'ic' i% derived from t'e earning% of /G0OR F t'i% 'a% been
around %ince about 19>3.
+or 2arrel 4cam Controversy
!ver %ince, t'e por@ barrel %*%tem 'a% been be%ieged b*
allegation% of corruption. In ul* (613,
%i: $'i%tle blo$er%, 'eaded b* &en'ur 2u*, e:po%ed t'at for
t'e la%t decade, t'e corruption in
t'e por@ barrel %*%tem 'ad been facilitated b* anet 2im Napole%.
Napole% 'ad been 'elping
la$ma@er% in funneling t'eir por@ barrel fund% into about (6
bogu% NGOB% non+government
organi
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I. No, t'e congre%%ional por@ barrel %*%tem i%
uncon%titutional. It i% uncon%titutional becau%e it
violate% t'e follo$ing principle%8
a# 4eparation of +owers
/% a rule, t'e budgeting po$er lie% in 0ongre%%. It
regulate% t'e relea%e of fund% po$er of t'epur%e-. #'e e:ecutive,
on t'e ot'er 'and, implement% t'e la$% F t'i% include% t'e G// to
$'ic'
t'e E/K i% a part of. Onl* t'e e:ecutive ma* implement t'e la$
but under t'e por@ barrel
%*%tem, $'atB% 'appening $a% t'at, after t'e G//, it%elf a la$,
$a% enacted, t'e legi%lator%
t'em%elve% dictate a% to $'ic' proect% t'eir E/K fund% %'ould be
allocated to F a clear act of
implementing t'e la$ t'e* enacted F a violation of t'e principle
of %eparation of po$er%. Note in
t'e older ca%e of JI20ON)/ v% !nri"ue
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One feature in t'e principle of c'ec@% and balance% i% t'e po$er
of t'e pre%ident to veto item%
in t'e G// $'ic' 'e ma* deem to be inappropriate. &ut t'i%
po$er i% alread* being undermined
becau%e of t'e fact t'at once t'e G// i% approved, t'e
legi%lator can no$ identif* t'e proect to
$'ic' 'e $ill appropriate 'i% E/K. =nder %uc' %*%tem, 'o$ can
t'e pre%ident veto t'e
appropriation made b* t'e legi%lator if t'e appropriation i%
made after t'e approval of t'e G// F
again, C0ongre%% cannot c'oo%e a mode of budgeting $'ic'
effectivel* render% t'econ%titutionall*+given po$er of t'e re%ident
u%ele%%.D
d# 6ocal !utonomy
/% a rule, t'e local government% 'ave t'e po$er to manage
t'eir local affair%. #'roug' t'eir
2ocal Eevelopment 0ouncil% 2E0%-, t'e 2G=% can develop t'eir o$n
program% and policie%
concerning t'eir localitie%. &ut $it' t'e E/K, particularl*
on t'e part of t'e member% of t'e
'ou%e of repre%entative%, $'atB% 'appening i% t'at a congre%%man
can eit'er b*pa%% or
duplicate a proect b* t'e 2E0 and later on claim it a% 'i% o$n.
#'i% i% an in%tance $'ere t'e
national government note, a congre%%man i% a national officer-
meddle% $it' t'e affair% of t'e
local government F and t'i% i% contrar* to t'e )tate polic*
embodied in t'e 0on%titution on local
autonom*. ItB% good if t'atB% all t'at i% 'appening under t'e
por@ barrel %*%tem but $or%e, t'e
E/K become% more of a per%onal fund on t'e part of
legi%lator%.
II. Le%, t'e pre%idential por@ barrel i% valid.
#'e main i%%ue rai%ed b* &elgica et al again%t t'e
pre%idential por@ barrel i% t'at it i%
uncon%titutional becau%e it violate% )ection (9 1-, /rticle AI
of t'e 0on%titution $'ic' provide%8
"o money shall be paid out of the Treasury e-cept in pursuance
of an appropriation made by
law#
&elgica et al emp'a%i79, a% amended8 )ection 1( t'ereof
provide% t'at a part of /G0ORB% earning% %'all
be allocated to a General Kund t'e re%idential )ocial Kund-
$'ic' %'all be u%ed in
government infra%tructure proect%.
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#'e%e are %ufficient la$% $'ic' met t'e re"uirement of )ection
(9, /rticle AI of t'e 0on%titution.
#'e appropriation contemplated t'erein doe% not 'ave to be a
particular appropriation a% it can
be a general appropriation a% in t'e ca%e of E 916 and E
1>79.
To#entino !. Seetay o" Finane G.R. o.114, A('(!t 2, 1994
Kact%8 #'e value+added ta: A/#- i% levied on t'e %ale, barter
ore:c'ange of good% and propertie% a% $ell a% on t'e %ale
ore:c'ange of %ervice%. R/ 17 %ee@% to $iden t'e ta: ba%e of
t'ee:i%ting A/# %*%tem and en'ance it% admini%tration b*
amending
t'e National Internal Revenue 0ode. #'ere are variou%
%uit%c'allenging t'e con%titutionalit* of R/ 17 on variou%
ground%.
One contention i% t'at R/ 17 did not originate e:clu%ivel*
int'e Jou%e of Repre%entative% a% re"uired b* /rt. AI, )ec. (?
oft'e 0on%titution, becau%e it i% in fact t'e re%ult of
t'econ%olidation of ( di%tinct bill%, J. No. 1119 and ). No.
1736.#'ere i% al%o a contention t'at ). No. 1736 did not pa%% 3
reading% a% re"uired b* t'e 0on%titution.
I%%ue8 'et'er or not R/ 17 violate% /rt. AI, )ec%. (? and(7(- of
t'e 0on%titution
Jeld8 #'e argument t'at R/ 17 did not originate e:clu%ivel*
int'e Jou%e of Repre%entative% a% re"uired b* /rt. AI, )ec. (?
of
t'e 0on%titution $ill not bear anal*%i%. #o begin $it', it i%
not t'ela$ but t'e revenue bill $'ic' i% re"uired b* t'e
0on%titution tooriginate e:clu%ivel* in t'e Jou%e of
Repre%entative%. #o in%i%tt'at a revenue %tatute and not onl* t'e
bill $'ic' initiated t'elegi%lative proce%% culminating in t'e
enactment of t'e la$ mu%t%ub%tantiall* be t'e %ame a% t'e Jou%e
bill $ould be to den* t'e
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)enateB% po$er not onl* to concur $it' amendment% but al%o
topropo%e amendment%. Indeed, $'at t'e 0on%titution %impl*mean% i%
t'at t'e initiative for filing revenue, tariff or ta: bill%,
bill%aut'ori
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&et&e o not t&e *etitione i! entit#e$ to
ee+ption "o+ ea#ty tae! not%it&!tan$in' t&e "at t&at it
a$+it!payin' #ient! an$ #ea!e! o(t a potion o" it! popety "o
o++eia# p(po!e!.
H$%D"
T&e Co(t &e#$ t&at t&e petitione i! in$ee$ a
&aita#e in!tit(tion a!e$ on it! &ate an$ ati#e!
o" inopoation. A! a 'enea# pinip#e, a &aita#e in!tit(tion
$oe! not #o!e it! &aate a! !(& an$ it!
ee+ption "o+ tae! !i+p#y ea(!e it $eie! ino+e "o+ payin'
patient!, %&et&e o(t?patient o on"ine$in t&e
&o!pita#, o eeie! !(!i$ie! "o+ t&e 'oen+ent, !o #on' a!
t&e +oney eeie$ i! $eote$ o (!e$a#to'et&e to t&e
&aita#e oet %&i& it i! inten$e$ to a&iee an$ no
+oney in(e! to t&e piate ene"it o" t&e pe!on! +ana'in'
o opeatin' t&e in!tit(tion.
@e!pite t&i!, t&e Co(t &e#$ t&at t&e potion!
o" ea# popety t&at ae #ea!e$ to piate entitie! ae not ee+pt"o+
ea# popety tae! a! t&e!e ae not at(a##y, $iet#y an$ e#(!ie#y
(!e$ "o &aita#e p(po!e!.!titi!!i+i (i! Moeoe, *.@. o. 123 on#y
!pea! o" ta ee+ption! a! e'a$! to:
• ino+e an$ 'i"t tae! "o a## $onation!, onti(tion!,
en$o%+ent! an$ e5(ip+ent an$ !(pp#ie! to e i+pote$ y
a(t&oiJe$ entitie! o pe!on! an$ y t&e )oa$ o" T(!tee! o"
t&e L(n' Cente o" t&e*&i#ippine! "o t&e at(a# (!e
an$ ene"it o" t&e L(n' Cente an$
• tae!, &a'e! an$ "ee! i+po!e$ y t&e Goen+ent o
any po#itia# !($ii!ion o in!t(+enta#ityt&eeo" %it& e!pet to
e5(ip+ent p(&a!e! epe!!ion (ni(! e!t e#(!ion a#tei(!8epe!!i(+
"aite!!ae tait(+.
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
G.R. No. 1??16?, une (9, (66? [0on%titutional 2a$ +
/rticle AI8 2egi%lative Eepartment; #a:ation
F(C#:etitioner i% a non+%toc@, non+profit entit* e%tabli%'ed
b*
virtue of E No. 1>(3, %ee@% e:emption from real propert*
ta:e% $'en t'e 0it* /%%e%%or i%%ued #a: Eeclaration% for
t'e land and t'e 'o%pital building. etitioner predicted on
it% claim t'at it i% a c'aritable in%titution. #'e re"ue%t
$a%
denied, and a petition 'ereafter filed before t'e 2ocal
&oard of /%%e%%ment /ppeal% of Que3- /rt AI
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of t'e 0on%titution. Q0+2&// di%mi%%ed t'e petition and
t'e deci%ion $a% li@e$i%e affirmed on appeal b* t'e
0entral &oard of /%%e%%ment /ppeal% of Que(3 and t'e 193 and
19>
0on%titution and )ection (3?b- of R/ 176.
(. 'et'er or not petitioner i% e:empted from real propert*
ta:e%.
R$LING:
1. Le%. #'e 0ourt 'old t'at t'e petitioner i% a c'aritable
in%titution $it'in t'e conte:t of t'e 193 and 19>
0on%titution. =nder E 1>(3, t'e petitioner i% a
non+profit
and non+%toc@ corporation $'ic', %ubect to t'e provi%ion%
of t'e decree, i% to be admini%tered b* t'e Office of t'e
re%ident $it' t'e ini%tr* of Jealt' and t'e ini%tr* of
Juman )ettlement%. #'e purpo%e for $'ic' it $a% created
$a% to render medical %ervice% to t'e public in general
including t'o%e $'o are poor and al%o t'e ric', andbecome a
%ubect of c'arit*. =nder E 1>(3, petitioner i%
entitled to receive donation%, even if t'e gift or donation
i%
in t'e form of %ub%idie% granted b* t'e government.
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(. artl* No. =nder E 1>(3, t'e lung center doe% not
eno* an* propert* ta: e:emption privilege% for it% real
propertie% a% $ell a% t'e building con%tructed t'ereon.
#'e propert* ta: e:emption under )ec. (>3-, /rt. AI of
t'e0on%titution of t'e propert* ta:e% onl*. #'i% provi%ion $a%
implanted b* )ec.(?3 b- of R/ 176.$'ic' provide% t'at
in order to be entitled to t'e e:emption, t'e lung center
mu%t be able to prove t'at8 it i% a c'aritable in%titution
and;
it% real propertie% are actuall*, directl* and e:clu%ivel*
u%ed for c'aritable purpo%e. /ccordingl*, t'e portion%occupied
b* t'e 'o%pital u%ed for it% patient% are e:empt
from real propert* ta:e% $'ile t'o%e lea%ed to private
entitie% are not e:empt from %uc' ta:e%.
Tan @e# Ro!aio, 7.Kact%8#'i% i% a con%olidated ca%e involving
t'e con%titutionalit* of R/ ?97 or t'e )implified NetIncome
#a:ation )NI#- %c'eme.etitioner% claim to be ta:pa*er% adver%el*
affected b* t'e continued implementation of t'e)NI#. In t'e
1%t ca%e, t'e* contend t'at t'e Jou%e &ill $'ic'
eventuall* became R/ ?97 i% ami%nomer or deficient becau%e it $a%
named a% C)implified Net Income #a:ation )c'eme for
t'e)elf+!mplo*ed and rofe%%ional% !ngaged in t'e ractice of t'eir
rofe%%ionD $'ile t'e actualtitle contain% t'e %aid $ord% $it' t'e
additional p'ra%e, C/mending )ection (1 and (9 of t'eNational
Internal Revenue 0odeD.In t'e (nd ca%e, t'e* argue t'at
re%pondent% 'ave e:ceeded t'eir rule+ma@ing aut'orit* inappl*ing
)NI# to general profe%%ional partner%'ip% b* i%%uing Revenue
Regulation (+93 to carr*out t'e R/.
I%%ue8'et'er or not general profe%%ional partner%'ip% ma* be
ta:ed under )NI#
Jeld8No. / general profe%%ional partner%'ip i% not it%elf an
income ta:pa*er. Income ta: i% impo%ednot on t'e partner%'ip $'ic'
i% ta: e:empt-, but on t'e partner% t'em%elve% in t'eir
individualcapacit* computed on t'eir di%tributive %'are% of
partner%'ip profit%. #'ere i% no di%tinction inincome ta: liabilit*
bet$een a per%on $'o practice% 'i% profe%%ion alone and one $'o
doe% itt'roug' partner%'ip $it' ot'er% in t'e e:erci%e of a common
profe%%ion.
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In t'e ca%e, )NI# i% not envi%ioned b* t'e 0ongre%% to cover
corporation% or partner%'ip% $'ic'are independentl* %ubect to t'e
pa*ment of income ta:.HHHNote%8H( INE) OK /R#N!R)JI) =NE!R #/
0OE!1. #a:able artner%'ip% F no matter 'o$ it $a% created or organi
"n he C"% of!)u"o. R/ -22- cre!e* he !ses Con#ers"on !n* De#e'opmen
/uhor"%P
=CD/>, #es"n) " $"h po$ers per!"n"n) o he mu'"f!r"ous !specs
of
c!rr%"n) ou he u'"m!e ob+ec"#e of u"'"z"n) he b!se !re!s "n
!ccor*!nce
$"h he *ec'!re* )o#ernmen po'"c%. R/ -22- '";e$"se cre!e* he
ub"c
pec"!' conom"c Q!n* Eree (or Sone =ub"c S> he mees !n* boun*s
of
$h"ch $ere o be *e'"ne!e* "n ! proc'!m!"on o be "ssue* b% he
(res"*en
of he (h"'"pp"nesW !n* )r!ne* he ub"c S "ncen"#es r!n)"n) from
!
!n* *u%0free "mpor!"ons, eemp"on of bus"nesses here"n from 'oc!'
!n*
n!"on!' !es, o oher h!''0n!r;s of ! '"ber!'"ze* Fn!nc"!' !n*
bus"ness
c'"m!e. R/ -22- epress'% )!#e !uhor"% o he (res"*en o cre!e
hrou)h
eecu"#e proc'!m!"on, sub+ec o he concurrence of he 'oc!'
)o#ernmen
un"s *"rec'% !ece*, oher pec"!' conom"c Sones =S> "n he
!re!s
co#ere* respec"#e'% b% he C'!r; m"'"!r% reser#!"on, he !''!ce
/"r !"on
"n !n Eern!n*o, &! Ln"on, !n* C!mp John H!%. n 16 /u)us
1993, CD/
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enere* "no ! Aemor!n*um of /)reemen !n* scro$ /)reemen $"h
Tune =..&> Co., &*. =TLNTV> !n* /s"!$or'*
7nern!"on!'e Group, 7nc.
=/7/R&D>, pr"#!e corpor!"ons re)"sere* un*er he '!$s of
he r""sh
"r)"n 7s'!n*s, prep!r!or% o he form!"on of ! +o"n #enure for
he
*e#e'opmen of (oro (o"n "n &! Ln"on !n* C!mp John H!% !s
prem"er our"s*es"n!"ons !n* recre!"on ceners. 4 monhs '!er or on 16
December 16,
1993, CD/, TLNTV !n* /7/R&D eecue* ! Jo"n enure
/)reemens
$hereb% he% boun* hemse'#es o pu up ! +o"n #enure comp!n% ;no$n
!s
he !)u"o 7nern!"on!' De#e'opmen !n* A!n!)emen Corpor!"on
$h"ch
$ou'* 'e!se !re!s $"h"n C!mp John H!% !n* (oro (o"n for he
purpose of
urn"n) such p'!ces "no pr"nc"p!' our"s !n* recre!"on spos, !s
or")"n!''%
en#"s"one* b% he p!r"es un*er he"r /Semor!n*mn of /)reemen.
The
!)u"o C"% )o#ernmen me!n$h"'e p!sse* ! number of reso'u"ons
"nresponse o he !c"ons !;en b% CD/ !s o$ner !n* !*m"n"sr!or of
C!mp
John H!%. % Reso'u"on of 29 epember 1993, he !n))un"!n)
(!n'un)so*
of !)u"o C"% oc"!''% !s;e* CD/ o ec'u*e !'' he b!r!n)!%s p!r'%
or
o!''% 'oc!e* $"h"n C!mp John H!% from he re!ch or co#er!)e of
!n% p'!n
or pro)r!m for "s *e#e'opmen. % ! subse5uen Reso'u"on *!e*
19
J!nu!r% 1994, he s!n))un"!n sou)h from CD/ !n !b*"c!"on,
$!"#er or
5u"c'!"m of "s o$nersh"p o#er he home 'os be"n) occup"e* b%
res"*ens of
9 b!r!n)!%s surroun*"n) he m"'"!r% reser#!"on. "'' b% !noher
reso'u"on
p!sse* on 21 Eebru!r% 1994, he s!n))un"!n !*ope* !n* subm"e*
oCD/ ! 10po"n concep for he *e#e'opmen of C!mp John H!%. The
s!n))un"!nPs #"s"on epresse*, !mon) oher h"n)s, ! ;"n* of
*e#e'opmen
h! !or*s proec"on o he en#"ronmen, he m!;"n) of !
f!m"'%0or"ene*
%pe of our"s *es"n!"on, pr"or"% "n emp'o%men opporun""es for
!)u"o
res"*ens !n* free !ccess o he b!se !re!, )u!r!nee* p!r"c"p!"on
of he
c"% )o#ernmen "n he m!n!)emen !n* oper!"on of he c!mp, ec'us"on
of
he pre#"ous'% n!me* n"ne b!r!n)!%s from he !re! for *e#e'opmen,
!n*
'"!b"'"% for 'oc!' !es of bus"nesses o be es!b'"she* $"h"n he
c!mp.YCD/, TLNTV !n* /7/R&D !)ree* o some, bu re+ece* or
mo*"Fe* he
oher propos!'s of he s!n))un"!n.Y The% sresse* he nee* o *ec'!re
C!mp
John H!% ! S !s ! con*""on prece*en o "s fu'' *e#e'opmen
"n
!ccor*!nce $"h he m!n*!e of R/ -22-. n 11 A!% 1994, he
s!n))un"!n
p!sse* ! reso'u"on re5ues"n) he A!%or o or*er he *eerm"n!"on of
re!'%
!es $h"ch m!% oher$"se be co''ece* from re!' proper"es of C!mp
John
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H!%. The reso'u"on $!s "nen*e* o "ne''")en'% )u"*e he s!n))un"!n
"n
*eerm"n"n) "s pos""on on $heher C!mp John H!% be *ec'!re* ! S,
he
s!n))un"!n be"n) of he #"e$ h! such *ec'!r!"on $ou'* eemp he
c!mpPs
proper% !n* he econom"c !c"#"% here"n from 'oc!' or n!"on!'
!!"on.
Aore h!n ! monh '!er, ho$e#er, he s!n))un"!n p!sse* Reso'u"on
2,=er"es of 1994>,Y see;"n) !n* suppor"n), sub+ec o "s
concurrence, he
"ssu!nce b% hen (res"*en R!mos of ! pres"*en"!' proc'!m!"on
*ec'!r"n)
!n !re! of 28.1 hec!res of he c!mp !s ! S "n !ccor*!nce $"h
he
pro#"s"ons of R/ -22-. To)eher $"h h"s reso'u"on $!s subm"e* !
*r!f of
he propose* proc'!m!"on for cons"*er!"on b% he (res"*en. n Ju'%
1994
hen (res"*en R!mos "ssue* (roc'!m!"on 42B =ser"es of 1994>,
Ycre!"n)
!n* *es")n!"n) ! por"on of he !re! co#ere* b% he former C!mp
John H!%
!s he John H!% pec"!' conom"c Sone pursu!n o Repub'"c /c -22-.Y
The John H!% (eop'es /'ern!"#e Co!'""on, e. !'. F'e* he pe""on
for proh"b""on,
m!n*!mus !n* *ec'!r!or% re'"ef $"h pr!%er for ! empor!r%
resr!"n"n)
or*er =TR> !n*or $r" of pre'"m"n!r% "n+unc"on on 2 /pr"'
199
ch!''en)"n), "n he m!"n, he cons"u"on!'"% or #!'"*"% of
(roc'!m!"on 42B
!s $e'' !s he 'e)!'"% of he Aemor!n*um of /)reemen !n* Jo"n
enure
/)reemen be$een he CD/, !n* TLNTV !n* /7/R&D.
Issue: heher he pe""oners h!#e 'e)!' s!n*"n) "n F'"n) he
c!se
5ues"on"n) he #!'"*"% of (res"*en"!' (roc'!m!"on 42B.
Held: 7 "s se'e* h! $hen 5ues"ons of cons"u"on!'
s")n"Fc!nce !re
r!"se*, he cour c!n eerc"se "s po$er of +u*"c"!' re#"e$ on'% "f
he fo''o$"n)
re5u"s"es !re presen: =1> he e"sence of !n !cu!' !n*
!ppropr"!e c!seW
=2> ! person!' !n* subs!n"!' "neres of he p!r% r!"s"n) he
cons"u"on!'
5ues"onW =3> he eerc"se of +u*"c"!' re#"e$ "s p'e!*e* ! he
e!r'"es
opporun"%W !n* =4> he cons"u"on!' 5ues"on "s he '"s mo! of he
c!se.Y
R/ -22- epress'% re5u"res he concurrence of he !ece* 'oc!'
)o#ernmen
un"s o he cre!"on of Ss ou of !'' he b!se !re!s "n he counr%.PY
The
)r!n b% he '!$ on 'oc!' )o#ernmen un"s of he r")h of concurrence
on he
b!sesP con#ers"on "s e5u"#!'en o #es"n) ! 'e)!' s!n*"n) on hem,
for " "s
"n eec ! reco)n""on of he re!' "neress h! commun""es ne!rb%
or
surroun*"n) ! p!r"cu'!r b!se !re! h!#e "n "s u"'"z!"on. Thus, he
"neres of
pe""oners, be"n) "nh!b"!ns of !)u"o, "n !ss!"'"n) he 'e)!'"%
of
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(roc'!m!"on 42B, "s person!' !n* subs!n"!' such h! he% h!#e
sus!"ne*
or $"'' sus!"n *"rec "n+ur% !s ! resu' of he )o#ernmen !c
be"n)
ch!''en)e*.Y The"rs "s ! m!er"!' "neres, !n "neres "n "ssue
!ece* b% he
proc'!m!"on !n* no mere'% !n "neres "n he 5ues"on "n#o'#e* or
!n
"nc"*en!' "neres,Y for $h! "s ! s!;e "n he enforcemen of
(roc'!m!"on42B "s he #er% econom"c !n* soc"!' e"sence of he peop'e
of !)u"o C"%.
Aoreo#er, (e""oners *"'bero T. C'!r!#!'' !n* &"'"! G. !r!non
$ere *u'%
e'ece* counc"'ors of !)u"o ! he "me, en)!)e* "n he 'oc!'
)o#ern!nce of
!)u"o C"% !n* $hose *u"es "nc'u*e* *ec"*"n) for !n* on beh!'f of
he"r
cons"uens he 5ues"on of $heher o concur $"h he *ec'!r!"on of
!
por"on of he !re! co#ere* b% C!mp John H!% !s ! S. Cer!"n'%
hen,
C'!r!#!'' !n* !r!non, !s c"% oc"!'s $ho #oe* !)!"nsY he
s!n))un"!n
Reso'u"on No. 2 =er"es of 1994> suppor"n) he "ssu!nce of he
no$ch!''en)e* (roc'!m!"on 42B, h!#e 'e)!' s!n*"n) o br"n) he
presen
pe""on.
