S28 ESMAC 2012 abstract / Gait & Posture 38 (2013) S1–S116

ments (inspired by the Melbourne test): combing hair, reachinga target (placed at the level of face height), bring a cup to mouth,move an object form right to left. Each movement was repeated 3times for each side. Both Euler (YXY) and Cardan (YXZ) sequenceswere used in the calculation of the shoulder angles [4]. The centerof the gleno-humeral joint is the center of a sphere defined by thefunctional movements of the shoulder [5]. A repeatability study wasconducted on 12 asymptomatic adults who passed the exam twiceat one week interval. Angles in the 3 planes were calculated for thethorax, scapula (scapulo-thoracic), shoulder (humero-thoracic),elbow (radio- humeral) and wrist (carpo-radial). Range of Motion(ROM) was calculated for each angle. Differences in movementsbetween dominant and non-dominant sides were evaluated.

Results: Euler sequence presented a large number of gimballock values for shoulder angles especially for the plane of elevation.Corridors of normality were defined (mean ± 1SD). The repeatabil-ity study showed no statistical difference between sessions (t-test,p>0,05). The Confidence Interval (CI) at 95% was estimated for eachangle. It reached a maximum of

±20◦ and ±23◦ for shoulder’s flex/extension and abductionmovements. There were no statistical difference between thedominant and non dominant sides during movements (p>0,05)except for lateral/medial rotation of the scapula during horizon-tal add/abduction and the add/abduction of the shoulder duringlateral movement of an object.

Discussion & conclusions: Cardan sequence (YXZ) seemed tobe more suitable for interpretation of shoulder angles. The CI at95% will be taken into consideration when patient’s kinematics iscompared to the asymptomatic database. The maximum of test-retest variability was present where large ROM is executed (210◦

and 115◦ for shoulder flex/extension and abduction movements).

References

[1] Jaspers. Gait Posture 2009.[2] Butler. Gait Posture 2010.[3] Wu. J Biomech 2005.[4] Senk. Clin Biomech 2006.[5] Stokdijk. J Biomech 2005.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.07.058

O45

Correlation of the movement deviation profileof shoulder muscle EMG with measures ofshoulder function

Gabor J. Barton 1, David H. Hawkes 2, OmidAlizadehkhaiyat 2, Anthony J. Howard 2, MargaretM. Roebuck 2, Anthony C. Fisher 3, Simon P.Frostick 2, Mark A. Robinson 1, Malcolm B.Hawken 1

1 Liverpool John Moores University, ResearchInstitute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool,UK2 University of Liverpool, Musculoskeletal ScienceResearch Group, Liverpool, UK3 Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Department ofMedical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Liverpool,UK

Introduction: The movement deviation profile (MDP) describesan individual’s deviation from normality at all points in a movementcycle. Although described and validated with joint kinematics, itcan be applied to any multi-channel time varying signals.

The application of the MDP to evaluate electromyography (EMG)during activities of daily living may offer a simple and objective tool

to aid clinical decision making. The aim of this study was to corre-late the MDP derived from shoulder muscle EMG with measures offunctional status in a population of rotator cuff tear patients [2].

Patients/materials and methods: EMG was recorded from 13shoulder muscles in a group of 13 healthy controls and 11 patientswith a two tendon rotator cuff tear (RCT) [2] while performing 10cycles of a functional shelf lifting task. Signals were filtered, rec-tified and smoothed; time and amplitude normalisation enabledaveraging [2]. The MDP was calculated using a downloadable com-puter program which is based on a self-organising neural network[1]. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC) was used to correlate themean MDP (a single number summary of the MDP) to functionalupper limb measures. These included the functional impairmenttest-hand, neck, shoulder and arm (FIT-HaNSA) [3], range of motion(flexion and abduction ROM), Upper Limb Function Index, OxfordShoulder Score and mean grip strength.

Results: With the exception of a moderate correlation withthe Upper Limb Functional Index (PCC = −0.612, p = 0.045) therewere no significant correlations between the mean MDP and thefunctional measures: FIT-HaNSA PCC = −0.085 (p = 0.804); abduc-tion ROM PCC = −0.098 (p = 0.775); flexion ROM PCC = −0.053,(p = 0.878); Oxford Shoulder Score PCC = 0.527 (p = 0.096); meangrip strength PCC = 0.205 (p = 0.545).

Discussion AND conclusions: The mean MDP provides anobjective measure of a patient’s EMG deviation from normality,but it does not correlate well with common functional measuresused to assess the shoulder. This is in contrast to the high cor-relation of the mean MDP with functional status in gait analysis[1]. Compensation capacity of highly redundant muscle functionaround the shoulder may result in altered muscle activation pat-terns even though the functional scores remain unchanged [2].Systematic evaluation of the time course of the MDP may highlightcompensatory mechanisms employed by patients with rotator cufftears. The MDP provides a complementary measure of movementperformance with a specific focus on inter-muscular relationshipsaround the shoulder and is therefore a valuable adjunct to guideEMG analysis.

References

[1] Barton GJ, et al. Human Movement Science 2012,http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2010.06.003.

[2] Hawkes DH, et al. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 2011,http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.22051.

[3] MacDermid JC, et al. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2007;8:42.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.07.059

O46

Quantification of upper limb movementsduring gait in hereditary spastic paraplegiapatients and spastic diplegia patients

Alice Bonnefoy-Mazure 1, Katia Turcot 1, AndréKaelin 2, Geraldo De Coulon 2, Stéphane Armand 1

1 Geneva University Hospitals and GenevaUniversity, Willy Taillard Laboratory of Kinesiology,Geneva, Switzerland2 Geneva University Hospitals and GenevaUniversity, Pediatric Orthopaedic Service,Department of Child and Adolescent, Geneva,Switzerland

Introduction: Clinical resemblance of hereditary spastic para-plegia (HSP) subjects and spastic diplegia (SD) subjects is reflectedon the strong similarity of gait patterns found using a clinical gait