Critical Appraisal 8

8/2/2019 Critical Appraisal 8

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Critical Appraisal

Rachel A Whitmer, Erica P Gunderson, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, Charles P Quesenberry Jr, Kristine Yaffe

Obesity in middle age and future risk

of dementia: a 27 year longitudinalpopulation based study


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Introduction

validity

Reliability

Applicability


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Faktor ekstrinsik

- Siapa yang menulis

- Di mana ia/mereka bekerja

- Apa kualifikasinya

- Apakah anda pernah mendengar namanya

- Siapa yang menyeponsori

- Dimana tulisan tsb di muat

- Apakah ia/mereka pernah membuat tulisandalam bidang yang sama


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Siapa yg menulis, dimana mereka bekerja dan kualifikasi Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612,

USA Rachel A Whitmer gerontological epidemiologist

Erica P Gunderson obesity epidemiologist

Charles P QuesenberryJr senior biostatistician

Department of Epidemiology, University of California, La Jolla,CA, USA

Elizabeth Barrett-Connor professor

Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco,

CA, USA Kristine Yaffe associate professor

Correspondence to: R A Whitmer [email protected]


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Faktor intrinsik

- Desain (penelitian) yang sesuai dengan

tujuan/pertanyaan penelitian

- Sampel yang sesuai

- Metode pengambilan sampel

- Metode untuk mendapatkan hasil


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Objective

To evaluate any association between obesity

in middle age, measured by body mass index

and skinfold thickness, and risk of dementia

later in life

Design

Analysis of prospective data from a

multiethnic population based cohort


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Participants

10 276 men and women who underwent detailed healthevaluations from 1964 to 1973 when they were aged 40-45and who were still members of the health plan in 1994

Main outcome measures

Diagnosis of dementia from January 1994 to April 2003.Time to diagnosis was analysed with Cox proportionalhazard models adjusted for age, sex, race, education,

smoking, alcohol use, marital status, diabetes,hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, stroke, and ischaemic heartdisease


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Conclusion

Obesity in middle age increases the risk of

future dementia independently of comorbid

conditions


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scorenoyesSection A

Population Appropriateness

1Is the study population representative of all

user, actual & eligible

1Are inclusion & exclusion criteria well

defined

1Sample size sufficient the estimation

1Response rate large enough for sufficiently

precise estimates

1The choice of population bias free

1

1

1

0

For Comparative study:

- Were participants randomized

into group

- Were the group comparable at baseline

-If group were not comparable atbaseline, was incompatibility addresed

at analysis

Informed consent is obtained

717

Section Validity = 7/8 x 100% = 87.5%


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Section B data collection Yes No Score

Data collection methods is clearly described Y 1

The data instrument is validated Y 1

The statistics are free from subjectivity (if based on regularly collected

statistic)

Y 1

The study measures outcome at a time appropriate for capturing theinterventions effect

Y

1

The instrument is included in publication Y 1

The questions are posed clearly enough to elicit precise answer Y 1

Those are involved in data collection, are not involved in delivering a

service to the target population

N 0

Section Validity = 6/7 x 100% = 85,714%


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scorenoyesSection C

Study Design

1Study design type is utilized appropriately

1Face validity

1Research methodology is clearly stated in detail

0Ethic approval

1Outcome is clearly stated

1The outcomes are clearly discussed in relation to data collection

515Section Validity = 5/6 x 100% =100 %


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Section D

Research Results

Yes No Score

The results are clearly outlinedY 1

Account for confounding variablesN 0

The conclusions accurately reflect the analysisY 1

Suggestions for further areas of research are addresedY 1

Section Validity = 3/4 x 100% = 75 %


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R

E

L

I

A

BI

L

I

TY


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Applicability


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Documents

Critical Appraisal 8