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fifty-two years, who died after a long illness in which the most conspicuous symptoms were vomiting, neuralgic pain inthe nerves of the right lumbar plexus, hsematuria, wasting,and progressive enlargement of the kidney. No syphilitichistory could be obtained. The organ was greatly enlarged,firmly fixed, of fibrous.like consistency, and microscopicallypresented a fibro-cellular structure. In the liver was a dis-tinct gumma with much coarse cirrhosis in the partsadjacent. There was an extensive retroperitoneal expansionof the growth extending right across the vertebral columnand into the pelvis.

Dr. KELYNACK exhibited a series of microscopic prepara-tions illustrating the Forms and Relationships of the VariousGrowths met with in the Kidney. The collection included anumber of specimens kindly lent by Mr. Paul, of Liverpool.The following card specimens were exhibited :-Mr. BURGESS : Congenital Absence of Anus, with Fistulous

Communication between Rectum and Bladder.Dr. DRESCHFELD : Mediastinal Sarcoma, with extensive

Deposits in both Kidneys. _Dr. FOTHERGILL: (1) "Inclusion" " Epithelioma of

enamel-organ; and (2) Ovum in Condition of FattyDegeneration.

Dr. Fox: (1) Congenital Atresia of Anus ; and (2) Ulcera-tive Endocarditis.

Dr. HELME: Sessile and Pedunculated Submucous’Fibroids of Uterus, removed per vaginam.

Dr. HARRIS: Gangrenous Stomatitis.Dr. KELYNACK: (1) Perforated Duodenal Ulcer; (2)

Healed Gastric Ulcer ; and (3) Malignant Endecarditis.Dr. LEA : (1) Series of Casts of Uterine Mucous Membrane ;

and (2) Three Specimens of "Missed Abortion."Dr. LEECH: Unusual Form of Extensive U lceration of

Stomach.Dr. STEELL : Preparations of Aortic Valvular Disease.Mr. WoLSTBNHOLME: Aneurysm of Renal Artery in the

Horse.Mr. WRIGHT : Osteomyelitis of Femur.

EDINBURGH MEDICO-CHIRURGICALSOCIETY.

Exhibition of Cases and Specimens.-Serum Reaction ofEnteric Fever.-Cyanosis in Convulsions.

A MEETING- of this society was held on Dec. lst.Dr. BATTY TUKE occupied the chair and thanked the

society for the honour it had done him in electing himPresident.

Dr. J. W. MARTIN showed a case of Thyroid Hypertrophywith aggravated symptoms, which had been markedlybenefited by the use of splenic and thymus extracts.

Dr. ALLAN JAMIESON showed two patients with EczemaPalmare which had been successfully treated.

Mr. ALEXIS THOMSON showed (1) a Hydatid Cyst whichhe had removed from the liver ; and (2) a portion of

Gangrenous Intestine, the result of strangulation by a band,which he had removed.

Dr. HARVEY LiTTLEjOHN showed specimens from (1) threecases of sudden death due to rupture of an aortic aneurysmin none of which had the diagnosis been made before death-in one of the cases there had been a history of blood-spittingfor two years ; and (2) a case of Rupture of Tubal Pregnancy,in which there had been profuse haemorrhage into the abdo-minal cavity, the rupture having been the result of an injuryto the abdomen.Mr. COTTERILL showed (1) specimen from a case of

Enterectomy for Fibrous Stricture-the operation had takenthree hours to perform and the patient was doing well; and(2) a specimen of Perforated Appendix which had beenremoved. The patient did well for some days, after whichthe symptoms returned, and on re-opening the abdomen thestump of the appendix was found to have sloughed off. The

patient was again progressing satisfactorily.Dr. AFFLECK demonstrated an adaptation of the Phonendo-

scope for teaching purposes. By attaching tubing twelvefeet long it was possible to demonstrate heart murmurs tomembers of the class at that distance from the patient.

Dr. CLAUDE n. KER read a paper on the Serum Reactionof Enteric Fever. Dr. Ker’s paper was based upon workdone during the current year in the Edinburgh Fever Hos-pital. As regards his method of investigation he used blood

serum in the dilution of 1 in 30 of beef bouillon. His rule-was to give the specimens a time limit of four hours. If at’the end of that time the clumps were not distinct and thefield between them clear he considered the reaction nega-tive. If there was a partial clumping he waited for a fewdays and then examined another specimen of thepatient’s serum. The cases examined were cases sentinto the hospital as enteric fever or for observa-tion for enteric fever and were 169 in number. Of those-cases which gave the reaction there was one which Dr. Kerdid not believe to be enteric fever. It was apparently a caseof typhus fever. Of the cases showing negative result with-the serum test there were three which were possibly entericfever. Those four cases were the only ones in which theresults obtained were dubious. Dr. Ker therefore concludedthat Widal’s test might be accepted as the best method forthe diagnosis of enteric fever. He had found that the ageof the patient in no way interfered with the reaction, hisyoungest patient having been one year and his oldest fiftyyears of age. He had also found that capsules of driedbacilli gave results that were entirely satisfactory. In con-clusion he emphasised the fact that to obtain good results itwas necessary that the serum should be sufficiently diluted.He had always endeavoured to have it at 1 in 30 though1 in 25 was probably sufficient. One drop of bloodwas drawn up into a pipette and then sterilised beef bouillonwas sucked up till there was a mixture of one of serum inten of bouillon. This after centrifugalisation was furtherdiluted by adding the bacteria as an emulsion in bouillonwhich brought the serum to the desired proportion of onein thirty.

Dr. Fouus read a paper on Cyanosis in Convulsions;.how Caused and how Prevented. He demonstrated veryvividly that the cyanosis was the result of the base of thetongue falling against the posterior wall of the pharynx andthus mechanically obstructing the entrance of air. He-illustrated this by means of limelight views taken fromfrozen sections made by Symington and others. He pointedout the disadvantages and the inefficiency of pulling thetongue forward in these cases. He advocated a methodwhich he had employed for many years and found mostefficacious. He introduced the handle of a spoon far backin the mouth and by means of it compressed and broughtforward the root of the tongue. By this means air wasallowed freely to enter the lungs. He had used the methodnot only in the convulsions of children but also in thethreatened cyanosis which was liable to occur in cases of-cerebral apoplexy.

FORFARSHIRE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION.

Bradycardia.-Abdominal Cczses.-Ex7zibition of Cases.A MEETING of this society was held on Dec. 3rd in th&

University College, Dundee, Dr. J. W. WEMYSS, BroughtyFerry, ex-President, being in the chair.

Dr. TENNANT BRUCE read notes of a case of Bradycardia.The pulse varied from 20 to 34 per minute and was associatedlater with convulsions of an epileptiform character. Theliterature of the subject was reviewed. Dr. Bruce suggestedthat some confusion existed due to confounding two distinctconditions-viz. (1) slow pulse as a symptom of other diseases.and (2) slow pulse as a disease itself and dependent on inter-ference with nerve force. Though interference in the-functional activity of the intrinsic cardiac ganglia was, hethought, the most probable explanation, yet the possi-bility of a purely medullary origin must not be lost sightof. He quoted the position of the intra-medullary nucleigiven by Dr. Alexander Bruce in his book on the Hind Brainand asked whether lesion in the neighbourhood of the motornucleus of the vagus, the nucleus ambiguosus, might notexplain the condition.-Dr. SINCLAIR agreed with Dr. Bruce-that slow pulses after influenza or other diseases should beexcluded and quoted a case similar to that given by Dr.Bruce in which a cessation of pulse-beat preceded epileptiformconvulsions.

Mr. GREIG read notes of two Abdominal Cases. The firstwas a case of Enterectomy with end-to’end Anastomosis.The patient, aged sixty-nine years, was admitted to thesurgical wards of the Dundee Infirmary suffering from

strangulated inguinal hernia on the right side. There wasa small irregular laceration found in the portion of bowelexposed ; this was excised and the cut ends of the bowel were