English RevolutionEnglish Revolution12151215 Nobles force King John (mean) to sign the Nobles force King John (mean) to sign the Magna Magna

Carta Carta , first limit on power of King- guaranteed , first limit on power of King- guaranteed political rights- no taxation without representation, a political rights- no taxation without representation, a jury jury trial, and the protection of the law.trial, and the protection of the law.

12901290 The first parliament called, King Edward needed to The first parliament called, King Edward needed to raise taxes for a war, wealthy landowners and raise taxes for a war, wealthy landowners and

knights met in London. knights met in London. 1300- 16001300- 1600 Parliament grows in power, holds King/ Parliament grows in power, holds King/

queen queen in check because they control the money. in check because they control the money. King/ Queen still powerful- King Henry VIII (1500s, King/ Queen still powerful- King Henry VIII (1500s,

Anglican church)Anglican church) Queen Elizabeth (daughter)- works well with ParliamentQueen Elizabeth (daughter)- works well with Parliament1600s1600s Parliament fights with James I (Elizabeth’s Parliament fights with James I (Elizabeth’s

cousin) over money, then w/ Charles I (his son)cousin) over money, then w/ Charles I (his son)16251625 Charles dissolves parliament twice but has to call Charles dissolves parliament twice but has to call

them back because he needs money. them back because he needs money.

Petition of RightsPetition of Rights

Charles finally is forced to sign the Petition of RightsCharles finally is forced to sign the Petition of Rights– No imprisonment without due causeNo imprisonment without due cause– No taxes without parliament’s consentNo taxes without parliament’s consent– No quartering of soldiers in homesNo quartering of soldiers in homes– No martial law during peace timeNo martial law during peace time

Charles ignores it and dissolves parliament againCharles ignores it and dissolves parliament again16371637 War with Scots (over religion), Charles needs War with Scots (over religion), Charles needs

money money to put down the revolt, must return to to put down the revolt, must return to parliament for parliament for moneymoney

16411641 The Parliament passes laws that limits royal power, The Parliament passes laws that limits royal power, King Charles tries to arrest Parliament, they hide, he King Charles tries to arrest Parliament, they hide, he raises an army up north to fight themraises an army up north to fight them

English Civil WarEnglish Civil War

1642- 1649 1642- 1649 between supporters of the King and the between supporters of the King and the Parliament, Parliament winsParliament, Parliament wins

They bring him to trial for treason and They bring him to trial for treason and execute execute himhim Oliver Cromwell rules, 10 years, military dictator, strict Oliver Cromwell rules, 10 years, military dictator, strict

Puritan (religious)Puritan (religious)16601660 Restoration- King Charles’ son, Charles II returns to Restoration- King Charles’ son, Charles II returns to

thrown, leaves Parliament alone (more arts, theater)thrown, leaves Parliament alone (more arts, theater)16791679 Important political right-Habeas Corpus- must be Important political right-Habeas Corpus- must be

charged with a crime or releasedcharged with a crime or released1685 1685 King James- catholic which made many angry- tries King James- catholic which made many angry- tries

to dissolve the Parliamentto dissolve the Parliament

Glorious RevolutionGlorious Revolution

16881688 Parliament is mad, invites Mary (James Parliament is mad, invites Mary (James oldest daughter, protestant) and her husband, William of oldest daughter, protestant) and her husband, William of Orange, to England to take the thrown, Orange, to England to take the thrown,

- James flees in fear of his life and not a drop of blood was - James flees in fear of his life and not a drop of blood was shed in this Revolutionshed in this Revolution

- William and Mary vow to govern their people according to - William and Mary vow to govern their people according to laws of Parliament. The Parliament is now in control, a laws of Parliament. The Parliament is now in control, a constitutional monarchyconstitutional monarchy

1689 1689 Congress drafts aCongress drafts a Bill of Rights Bill of Rights– Cannot dissolve parliament or ignore its lawsCannot dissolve parliament or ignore its laws– No taxes that are not agreed upon by parliamentNo taxes that are not agreed upon by parliament– Freedom of speechFreedom of speech– Ability to discuss grievances with the KingAbility to discuss grievances with the King

The American RevolutionThe American Revolution

The American Colonies- 1600-1700’sThe American Colonies- 1600-1700’s Large growth in population and trade in the Large growth in population and trade in the

colonies. English and American merchants were colonies. English and American merchants were making money from trade.making money from trade.

1660’s1660’s Navigation Acts- Restrictions passed Navigation Acts- Restrictions passed by Britain- Americans can only trade with Britain- by Britain- Americans can only trade with Britain- These restrictions were only lightly enforced and These restrictions were only lightly enforced and easy to get around.easy to get around.

Americans were used to being left alone by British Americans were used to being left alone by British govt. and already had set up colonial govts and govt. and already had set up colonial govts and assembliesassemblies

1760’s- 1770’s 1760’s- 1770’s After the French and Indian war, Britain begins After the French and Indian war, Britain begins

to enforce laws which make the colonies angry.to enforce laws which make the colonies angry. During French and Indian war-1754 (French vs. During French and Indian war-1754 (French vs.

British) over land rights in the new world a large British) over land rights in the new world a large debt was created. Britain expected the debt was created. Britain expected the colonies to help pay for it since it was in their colonies to help pay for it since it was in their defense. defense.

A tax was placed on printed papers (Stamp Act) A tax was placed on printed papers (Stamp Act) to help earn money, this was the first tax the to help earn money, this was the first tax the colonists had to pay directly to the government colonists had to pay directly to the government in 150 years!!!! They then boycotted British in 150 years!!!! They then boycotted British goods until it was repealed goods until it was repealed

More AngerMore Anger

They said the govt. could not tax them because they had They said the govt. could not tax them because they had no representatives in Parliament. More taxes, more anger.no representatives in Parliament. More taxes, more anger.

Harsh British responses to colonial uprising helped to bring Harsh British responses to colonial uprising helped to bring moderate colonists to the side of Revolution, ex: Boston moderate colonists to the side of Revolution, ex: Boston Massacre, quartering act, invading of Boston and shutting Massacre, quartering act, invading of Boston and shutting down the harbor after the Boston Tea Party, (Intolerable down the harbor after the Boston Tea Party, (Intolerable Acts)Acts)

Continental congresses were held to discuss colonial Continental congresses were held to discuss colonial grievances (reasons they were mad) and were ignored by grievances (reasons they were mad) and were ignored by the Kingthe King

British thought the colonies were over reacting and being British thought the colonies were over reacting and being babies, British citizens paid more taxesbabies, British citizens paid more taxes

Enlightenment Ideas and the Enlightenment Ideas and the RevolutionRevolution

April 1775April 1775– First shots fired in Lexington and ConcordFirst shots fired in Lexington and Concord

American leaders use Enlightenment ideas to American leaders use Enlightenment ideas to justify Revolution against Britain. They claimed justify Revolution against Britain. They claimed that the king was not allowing their basic that the king was not allowing their basic Freedoms and had therefore broken the Social Freedoms and had therefore broken the Social Contract. It was now the colonists right to rebel. Contract. It was now the colonists right to rebel. Enlightenment ideas were written into the Enlightenment ideas were written into the Declaration of Independence, Common Sense by Declaration of Independence, Common Sense by Thomas Paine.Thomas Paine.

Reasons for American victoryReasons for American victory

(Oh my gosh the tiny unprepared army in the (Oh my gosh the tiny unprepared army in the colonies WON!!!)colonies WON!!!)

They were fighting in their homeland, more familiar They were fighting in their homeland, more familiar with the territory and most passionate about the with the territory and most passionate about the cause, defending their homescause, defending their homes

The overconfident British generals made mistakesThe overconfident British generals made mistakes Time- it was difficult and expensive to provide the Time- it was difficult and expensive to provide the

British soldiers with supplies across the oceanBritish soldiers with supplies across the ocean The French joined the war on the side of the The French joined the war on the side of the

colonistscolonists

New GovernmentNew Government

1st national government1st national government Articles of Confederation- states supreme over federal Articles of Confederation- states supreme over federal

govt. (weak national govt) democratic republic- people govt. (weak national govt) democratic republic- people choose representatives.choose representatives.

Tossed after only a few yearsTossed after only a few years2nd govt.- The Constitution- 17892nd govt.- The Constitution- 1789 Strong federal govt.Strong federal govt. 3 branches3 branches System of checks and balances/ separation of powersSystem of checks and balances/ separation of powers Limits on state powerLimits on state power Two house congressTwo house congress The Bill of Rights- Freedom of press, speech, religion, The Bill of Rights- Freedom of press, speech, religion,

assembly, etcassembly, etc