Eukaryotic Cells

Standard: S7L2b Relate cell structure to basic cell functions

Are cells flat (2D)?

• No. Cells are 3 dimensional (3D) objects

Eukaryotic cells can be divided into two groups?

• Animal Cells • Plant Cells

All eukaryotic cells are made up of _____

• Organelles

What are organelles?

• Structures found within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

What are the organelles that make up animal and plant cells?

• Cell wall: Plant cell only.– Tough, rigid outer coverings that protect the cell

and give it shape

• Cell membrane: Both.– Outer covering of all cells

• Cytoplasm: Both.– Gelatin like material inside every cell

• Nucleus: Both.– Directs all cell activities and is separated from the

cytoplasm by a membrane– Contains hereditary materials (DNA)

• Chloroplast: Plant cell only.– Green organelles in plant cells that make energy– Allow for photosynthesis

• Mitochondria: Both.– Organelles where energy is released from the breakdown

of food into carbon dioxide and water

Eukaryotic Cells Part 2

Standard: S7L2b Relate cell structure to basic cell function

Do organelles function (work) together?

• Yes. All organelles have to function together in order for the cell to survive.

What are the organelles that make up animal and plant cells?

• Ribosomes: Both

– Small structures where cells make their own protein

• Endoplasmic Reticulum: Both

– Is a series of folded membranes in which materials can be processed and moved around inside of the cell

– Two types smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi Bodies: Both.

– Sort proteins and other cellular substances and package them into membrane-bound structures called vesicles

• Lysosomes: Animal cells only.

– Contain digestive chemicals that help break down food molecules, cell wastes, and worn-out cell parts.

• Vacuole: Both

– Stores a cell’s excess water and waste.

– Found in plant and animal cells. However, in plant cells there is one large central vacuole (called a central vacuole), and animal cells have more than one smaller vacuoles spread throughout the cell.