EXPERIMENT I.doc

8/18/2019 EXPERIMENT I.doc

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EXPERIMENT I

MEASURING OF DENSITY AND SAND CONTENT IN

DRILLING MUD

1.1 Purpose Of The Experie!"

a. Knowing the material form of the drillimg mud and its main functions.

b.Determining the density of the drilling mud using Mud Balance

equipment.

c. Determining the content of sand in drilling mud.

d. Knowing the amount of Sand Content (% contained in the drilling mud.

1.# Theori"i$%&

1.#.1 De!si"' u(

!ery big mud of role of in success determine of him do not an drilling

operation" so that require to be paid attention the nature of from mud" li#e

density" $iscosity" gel of strength or of filtration loss. n trial this will be

studied one of the &ust nature of that is densitas.

Mud Densitas drill is one of the nature of mud which of $ital

importance" because the role of in direct corollation to mud function drill as

of formation pressure. 'istence of mud density drill which too big will

cause mud lose to formation (circulation lost" is if undersi)e will cause *

#ic#* (entry of formation fluid to well hole. +ence mud density ha$e to be

adapted for situation of formation to be drilled.

Mud Density can depict hidrostati# gradient of mud drill in psi , ft but

field is usually weared by set of ppg (pound per gallon

-ssumptions

!olume each e$ery material is additi$e

! s / ! ml 0 ! mb......................................................................................................................................... (1

+ea$y amount is additi$e" hence

d s ! s / d ml ! ml 0 d mb ! mb................................................................................................. (2

Description

!s 0 !olume of Solid" bbl


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!ml 0 old !olume Mud" bbl

!mb 0 new !olume Mud" bbl

ds 0 specific gra$ity of Solid" bbl

dml 0 old Mud specific gra$ity" ppg

dmb 0 new Mud specific gra$ity" ppg.

3rom equation ( 1 and ( 2 got

!s .......................................................................... (4

Because )at weight (solid is

5s 0 ! s d s

5hen into equation ( 4

5s0 ............................................................. (6

% !olume solid

0 177%....................................................... (8

% 5eight solid

177% ............................................................................. (9

+ence if which used as by solid is barite with S: 0 6"4" to boost up density

of old mud as hea$y as dml to new mud equal to dmb each;e$ery old mud bbl mud

weight solid" 5s counted

5s 0 9


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5s 0 weight solid and )at hea$y"#g barite, mud bbl. 5hile if which used

as hea$y is Bentonite with S: 0 2"8" hence to e$ery mud barrel needed

5s 0 9his appliances" which was usually referred as * Conditioning 'quitment *" is

♣ Shale Sha#er

3unction of cleaning mud of or shi$ers of cutting the #ing si)edness.

♣ Degasser

3unction of to clean mud of possible gas step into drilling mud..

♣ Desander

3unction of to clean mud of particles of padatan the small fairishness

which can get away from sha#er shale..

♣ Desiliter

3unction of is equal to desander" but decilitre can clean mud of particles

of yand smaller fairish..

Depiction of content sand of drilling mud is to represent $olume prosen of

particles which the was diameter of bigger than =6 micron. >his matter


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measurement with selected filter. Become formula to determine sand content

( content sand at drilling mud is

n 0 177......................................................................................... (A

where

n 0 bstetrical sand.

!s 0 !olume Sand in mud.

!m 0 !olume Mud.

1.) E*uipe!" A!( M%"eri%& 1.).1 E*uipe!"s

1. Mud balance.

2. Mud Mier.

4. 5etting agent .

6. Sand Content set.

8. Measuring :lass 877 cc.

9. Machine Digital

1.).# M%"eri%&s

1. Barite.

2. Bentonite.

4. -quadest.

1.).) Dr%+i!, E*uipe!"


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Mu( -%&%!$e S%!( Co!"e!"

Me%sure ,&%ss Mu( Mixer

Re"or" i"

Fi,ure 1.1 'quipment 'periment 1.

1./ Pro$e(ure Of The Experie!"

1./.1 De!si"' u(

1. Calibrating equipments of Mud Balance as follows

♣ Cleaning equipments of Mud Balance.

♣ 3illing of the Cup with water until full" then closed and clean off

the outside . Drain with the tissue paper.

♣ ut bac# Mud Balance at the first position

♣ ut it on a scale


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4. Meted out the 487 cc water and mi with 22"8 gr bentonite. 3ill in

the water into the $essel "and fast to the mud mier eecuted. >he

hose a few minutes after miing. >a#e the $essel and fill the Cup

Mud Balance with the mud that has been made .

6. Stuff up mud and the cup and cleaning of the mud attached to the

outside of the cup and clean.

8. ut the arm Mud Balance at the first position" then set the rider

until balance position. ead the density that showed by the scale.

9. epeat Step 8 to the mi composition that gi$en from the laboratory

assistant.

1./.# S%!( Co!"e!"

1. 3ill the tube of Measuring :lass with drilling mud and mar# it.

-dding the water thw water to the net boundary close the tube and

Scale in firmly.

2. our the miture to the sie$e. -llowing the liquid flow out through a

sie$e. epeating until tube into clean.

4. 5ashing the sand filtered on the sie$e to release from the remains of

mud attached. @nstall the funnel on the sie$e. Slowly turn the set

equipment and put the tube or the funnel into a measuring glass.

5ashing the sand into the tube by spraying water throw a sie$e

until all sand is accommodate in measuring glass.

6. ote the sand content from mud in percent $olume.

1.0 TE RESULT OF O-SER2ATION


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1.3 C%&$u&%"io!

1.3.1. C%&$u&%"i!, of 4 Theori"i$%& %!( 5 Error

1. Sample 1 ( 22"8 gr Bentonite / 487 ml 5ater

:i$en Mass of 5ater 0

Mass of Bentonite 0

!olume of 5ater 0

E bser$ation 0 0 1"72

E Bentonite 0

-s#ed a

b

-nswer

!olume of Bentonite 0


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0

0

a. 0

0

0

b % 'rror 0 177%

0 177%

0

0

2. Sample 2 ( 22"8 gr Bentonite / 4A7 ml 5ater


Mass of Bentonite 0

!olume of 5ater 0


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E obser$ation 0 0 1"71

E Bentonite 0

-s#ed a

b

-nswer


0

0

a 0

0

0

b. % 'rror 0 177%

0 177%


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0

0

4. Sample 4 ( Standart mud / 8 gr Barite


Mass of Bentonite 0

Mass of Barite 0

!olume of 5ater 0

E obser$ation 0 01"74

E Bentonite 0

E Barite 0

-s#ed a

b

-nswer


0

0


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!olume of Barite 0

0

0

a 0

0

0

b % 'rror 0 177%

0 177%

0

0

6. Sample 6 ( Standart Mud / 17 gr Barite


Mass of Bentonite 0


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Mass of Barite 0

!olume of 5ater 0


E Bentonite 0

E Barite 0

-s#ed a

b

-nswer


0

0

!olume of Barite 0

0

0


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a 0

0

0

b % 'rror 0 177%

= 177%

0

0

8. Sample 8 ( Standart Mud / 18 gr Barite


Mass of Bentonite 0

Mass of Barite 0

!olume of 5ater 0


E Bentonite 0

E Barite 0


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-s#ed a

b

-nswer


0

0

!olume of Barite 0

0

0

a 0

0

0


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b % 'rror 0 177%

= 177%

0

0

6. Sample 9 ( Standart Mud / 17 gr CMC


Mass of Bentonite 0

Mass of CMC 0

!olume of 5ater 0


E Bentonite 0

E CMC 0

-s#ed a

b

-nswer



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0

0

!olume of CMC 0

0

0

a) 0

0

0

% 'rror 0 177%

0 177%

0

0


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1.3.#. C%&$u&%"i!, of 5 S%!( Co!"e!"

-. Sample 1 ( Standart Mud / 8 gr Sand


Mass of Bentonite 0

Mass of Sand 0

!olume of 5ater 0


E asir 0

-s#ed

-nswer

!olume of Sand 0

0

0

0

177%

0 177%


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0

0

B. Sample 2 ( Standart Mud / 17 gr Sand


Mass of Bentonite 0

Mass of Sand 0

!olume of 5ater 0


E asir 0

-s#ed

-nswer

!olume of Sand 0

0

0

0

177%


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0 177%

0

0

C. Sample 4 ( Standart Mud / 18 gr Sand


Mass of Bentonite 0

Mass of Sand 0

!olume of 5ater 0


E asir 0

-s#ed

-nswer

!olume of Sand 0

0

0


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0 177%

0 177%

0

=

1.6 Dis$ussio!

Density of the mud is one of the parameters that need to be considered

when the drilling process" because this parameter will continue to change in

certain layers. @n this eperiment" the $alue of the density can be determined by

using a mud balance" with this tool we can easily determine the $alue of the

density of the $arious units" such as the obser$ation units are lbs , gal" g,cm4"

lbs , cuft" and lbs , SF. >he basic ingredients are bentonite mud while acting asballast is barite. @n this eperiment" density measurements were performed on

each sample has a different composition beda.ada mud obser$ations number 2

has the lowest density" due to the large $olume of diluent substance or water.

adalumpur increasing density changes due to the addition of barite mud can be

seen in the number 4" 6" and 8" the more the content of the barite mud will be

more se$ere in other words" the density will increase. @n the field conditions are

set so that the mud density may offset or withhold the pressure on the formation of high pressure. @f the mud pressure is lower than the formation pressure will allow

the blow out.

@n determining the le$el of sand on mud pemborandapat done using sand

content set" there are different le$els of $alue on the amount of sand that is

calculated by means of sand content sets and theoretical calculations" but the

difference is not &ust too big so it is not too problematic. Sand content calculation

is important because if the sludge contains a lot of sand then the circuit will drill

sand eroded due to friction so it does not last long.


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1.7 Co!$&usio!

@n this eperiment it can be concluded that the density of the mud is a

parameter to be controlled in the process of drilling" mud density affect the mud

pressure" if the density is too low" it can blow out occurred. @f the density is too

high then the mud would be more difficult if the mud is circulated and too much

pressure on the producti$e formation pressures eceed the formation damage can

also occur due to filtration loss. Content of sand in the mud does not only affect

the density of the sand" but if the le$els are too large" there will be erosion on the

circuit drills.

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EXPERIMENT I.doc