Fault Analysis and Condition Monitoring-birkemose

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Protection notice / Copyright notice

Siemens AG 2011. All rights reserved.

Bo Birkemose/ February 2011

Fault analysis and Condition monitoring


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E R WP EN

Siemens AG 2011. All rights reserved

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BEGINNING OF THE WIND BUSINESS In the 80s

Turbine capacity: 15-350 KW

Maintenance: ad-hoc

Technician Expertise: low

Area of Expertise: complete turbine


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WIND TURBINE DEVELOPMENT In the 90s

Turbine capacity: Touching the MW range

Maintenance: ad-hoc

Technician Expertise: medium

Area of Expertise: complete turbine

Fault Analysis and Condition

Monitoring for Wind Turbineswas introduced


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.15/02/2011Page 4

WIND TURBINES ASPOWER PLANTS Today

Turbine capacity: 1-6 MW

Maintenance: planned

Technician Expertise: high

Area of Expertise: component specialist

Remote Analysis

Methods

Non-threshold Based

MonitoringIntegrated Condition

Monitoring


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Remote analysis Methods


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Remote analysis Methods Analysis of faults that has occurred

Product or area knowledge

Statistical and time series data

Analysis of conditions that has not yet led to a fault

Two different approaches

1. Product or area knowledge2. Statistical or mathematical approach

Mainly based on statistical data

Reactive

Preventive

Give me six hours to chop down a tree and I will spend

the first four sharpening the axe.*

* Abraham Lincoln


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Remote analysis Methodsnon threshold based


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Condition MonitoringToday approach = High level of integration with the rest of the control systems

ConditionMonitoring

TurbineControl

Non-threshold

basedmonitoring

Park & Gridcontrol

Weatherforecast

Maintenanceschedule


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Condition MonitoringExample of tooth damage on HS shaft


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Condition MonitoringExample of tooth damage on planet wheel


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TLC - Turbine Load Control


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TLC - Turbine Load Control

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

0 5 10 15 20 25

Time [years]

Cu

nsumedlifetime[%]

TLC operation

Lifetime within

design

specifications

TLC on

Lifetime reached

Nominal operation

Overloaded operation

TLC on


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Grid and power quality

Grid operators start to require wind farms to behave like

conventional power plants with respect to

PF capability (Power Factor)

LVRT capability (Low Voltage Ride Through)

Frequency control


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Fixed speed = squirrel cage induction generator directly connected to the grid through transformerDFIG = Double Fed Induction Generator with Partial Scale Frequency ConverterVS-FC = Variable Speed Full Converter, includes asynchronous generators and synchronous generators

Source: E R WP SP MK

Hansen, Hansen, Market penetration of wind power concept over the years

Market analysis

DFIG architecture enjoys large worldwide

acceptance

Fixed speed and OptiSlip machines are

disappearing from the market

VS-FC is gaining popularity now

Market Share worldwide

year

Shareo

fyearly

installed

capacity

1995 2005

Fixed Speed

DFIG

VS-FC


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0,69/33 kV

WTG TrafoConverter

33 kV

Busbar

33 kV

Busbar 132 kV

Busbar

132 kV

PCC

0,69/33 kV

WTG TrafoConverter

0,69/33 kV

WTG TrafoConverter

33 kV

Busbar

33 kV

Busbar

PPVC

PPFC

OLTC

Example of park pilot and tap change control


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E R WP EN Siemens AG 2011. All rights reserved

.

BeginningDevelopment

phaseToday's

power plants

Requirements for todays large scale wind power plant operation

Remote analysis capabilities

Preventive monitoring methods

Condition Monitoring (TCM)

Main component lifetime monitoring (TLC)

Non threshold based monitoring

Grid Control

Documents

Fault Analysis and Condition Monitoring-birkemose