Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals1

8/8/2019 Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals1.

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Ferrous and Non-FerrousMetals

BT1Members::

Baraquio, Valerio III B.

Capuyan, Glenn !erryGome", #ared #ose$ Cabrera, %l Cu&'ie


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Ferrous Metals %nd Non-Ferrous Metals

• One method of classifying metals is by their content, and one commondivision is into ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals. The term ferrous isderived from the Latin "Ferrum" which means "containing iron", thus ferrousmetals contain iron and non ferrous metals do not. Ferrous metals may bepure iron, like wrought iron, or they may be alloys of iron and otherelements. teel, being an alloy of iron and carbon, would therefore be a

ferrous metal.• Ferrous metals are often magnetic, but this property is not in and of itselfsufficient to classify a metal as ferrous or non!ferrous. ustenitic stainlesssteel, a ferrous metal, is non!magnetic, while cobalt is magnetic but non!ferrous. Ferrous metals are usually magentic, but there are a still some non!ferrous metals that are magnetic as well.

• #ommon ferrous metals include the various irons and steels. #ommon non!

ferrous metals include aluminium, tin, copper, $inc, and brass, an alloy ofcopper and $inc. ome precious metals such as silver, gold, and platinumare also non!ferrous.

• ummary% &on!ferrous metals mean they do not contain iron and ferrousmetals mean they do contain iron. Ferrous metals are usually magnetic,although O'( non!ferrous metals are also magnetic.


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Ferrous 'etals

• 'ild teel) #omposition !*.+ to*.-* carbon

) /roperties! Tough, high tensile strength, ductile.

0ecause of low carbon content it can not be

hardened and tempered. 1t must be case hardened.

) 2ses! girders, /lates, nuts and bolts, general

purpose.


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Ferrous 'etals

• 3igh peed teel) #omposition! medium carbon, tungsten, chromium

and vanadium.

) /roperties ! #an be hardened and tempered. #an be

brittle. 4etains hardness at high temperatures.

) 2ses! #utting tools for lathes.


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Ferrous 'etals

• tainless teel) #omposition! +5 chromium, and 5 nickel added.

) /roperties ! #orrosion resistant

) 2ses! 6itchen draining boards. /ipes, cutlery,aircraft.


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Ferrous 'etals

• 3igh Tensile teel) #omposition! Low carbon steel, nickel, and

chromium.

) /roperties! 7ery strong and very tough.

) 2ses! 8ears, shafts, engine parts.


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Ferrous 'etals

• 3igh #arbon teel) #omposition! *.9* to +.:* carbon.

) /roperties! The hardest of the carbon steels. Less

ductile, tough and malleable.

) 2ses! #hisels, hammers, drills, files, lathe tools, taps

and dies


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Ferrous 'etals

• 'edium #arbon teels) #omposition! *.-* to *.9* carbon.

) /roperties! tronger and harder than mild steels.

Less ductile, tough and malleable.

) 2ses! 'etal ropes, wire, garden tools, springs.


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Ferrous 'etals

• #ast 1ron) #omposition! 4emelted pig iron with small amounts

of scrap steel.

) /roperties! 3ard, brittle, strong, cheap, self!

lubricating.

) ;hite cast iron, grey cast iron, malleable cast iron.

) 2ses! 3eavy crushing machinery. #ar cylinder

blocks, vices, machine tool parts, brake drums,

machine handle and gear wheels, plumbing fitments


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teel /roducts


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teel /roducts

• 4olled tructural hapes


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teel /roducts

• heet /iling) ections are made to interlock abd are available in

several shape.


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teel /roducts

• teel /ipe) eamless or welded small diameter pipe and

electrically welded large diameter pipe.

) large diameter pipe is made by having plates with

proper width, beveled edges and placed in a press

which forms them into cylinders. The two edges are

welded together and the pipe is brought to its final

diameter by hydraulically e


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teel /roducts

• 4einforcing teel) 'ade from new steel or from discarded railway > car

a


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teel /roducts

• ;elded ;ire Fabric) nother type of reinforcing material. 1t consists of

parallel, longitudinal wired welded to transverse

wires at regular intervals.


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teel /roducts

• teel ;ire) Over +*,*** uses for wire including pins, needles,

nails, bolts, cables, piano wire, fences.


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teel /roducts

• 0olts and &uts) ?either hot forged or cold!formed from wire of the

appropriate diameter@. For bolts, wire is fed into an

automatic bolt!making machine which cuts to length

heads, trims, points, and, in many cases rolls thethread.


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teel /roducts

• teel trapping) 'ade from high!tensile flat wire in a number of si$es.

2sed for banding forms to keep them from bulging

under the pressure if freshly poured concrete.

tightener tightens it and the two lapped end issealed.


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teel /roducts

• Open ;eb teel Aolt) Lightweight warren!type trusses made in several

different styles.


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teel /roducts

• heet teel) 0lack and galvani$ed, can be used to manufacture

corrugated roofing and sliding and formed steel

decking. #orrugated sheets have one edge turned

up, one turned down.


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teel /roducts

• heet teel) Two basic styles are open!faced decking and cellular

decking which allow easy distribution of electric

systems and outlets.


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teel /roducts

• teel tuds) Lightweight, reBuiring minimum storage space and

does not wrap or shrink. Fasteners do not pop, and

=oints stay closed. 'uch faster to install to than

wood!stud installation. vailable in + +C5, D E and -C5 inches.

) /lumbing stacks and electrical components fit easily

into a steel!frame wall.


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teel /roducts

• /ans and omes) 'anufactured for use in forming one!way and two!

way ribbed concrete floor systems.


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• luminum) #omposition! /ure 'etal

) /roperties! 8rayish!;hite, soft, malleable,

conductive to heat and electricity, 1t is corrosion

resistant. 1t can be welded but this is difficult. &eeds

special processes

) 2ses! ircraft, boats, window frames, saucepans,

packaging and insulation, pistons and cranks

&on!Ferrous 'etals


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&on!Ferrous 'etals

• luminum alloys) #omposition! luminum G:

#opperG+'anganese

) /roperties! uctile, 'alleable, ;ork 3ardens

) 2ses! ircraft and vehicle parts


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&on!Ferrous 'etals

• #opper) #omposition! /ure metal #opperG+'anganese

) /roperties! 4ed, tough, ductile, 3igh electrical

conductor, corrosion resistant, #an work hard or

cold. &eeds freBuent annealing

) 2ses! (lectrical wire, cables and conductors, water

and central heating pipes and cylinders. /rinted

circuit boards, roofs


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&on!Ferrous 'etals

• 0rass) #omposition! H copper G-$inc

) /roperties! 7ery corrosive, yellow in colour, tarnishes

very easily. 3arder than copper. 8ood electrical

conductor

) 2ses! #astings, ornaments, valves, forgings


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&on!Ferrous 'etals

• Lead) #omposition! /ure metal

) /roperties! The heaviest common metal. oft,

malleable, bright and shiny when new but Buickly

o


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&on!Ferrous 'etals

• Jinc) #omposition! /ure metal

) /roperties! layer of o


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&on!Ferrous 'etals

• Tin) #omposition! /ure metal

) /roperties! ;hite and soft, corrosion resistant

) 2ses! Tinplate, making bron$e


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&on!Ferrous 'etals

• 8ilding metal) #omposition! 5 copperG+ $inc

) /roperties! #orrosion resistant, golden colour,

enamels well

) 2ses! 0eaten metalwork, =ewelry


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Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals1