Final Environmental Impact Assessment Nam Dinh City Sub

E817Volume 16

Vietnam Urban Upgrading Project

People's Committee of Nam Dinh CityProject Management Unit of Urban Upgrading Project

Volume 2C:Final Environmental Impact Assessment

Nam Dinh City Sub-Project

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December 2003

Prepared by Soil and Water Ltd., Finland in association withDuongthanh Water and Environment Ltd., Vietnam

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Vietnam Urban Upgrading Project

People's Committee of Nam Dinh CityProject Management Unit of Urban Upgrading Project

Volume 2C:Final Environmental Impact Assessment

Nam Dinh City Sub-Project

December 2003

Prepared by Soil and Water Ltd., Finland in associationi withDuongthanh Water and Environment Ltd., Vietnam.

Vietnam Urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinh City Sub-Project Management Unit

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Environmental Impact AssessmentNam Dinh City Sub-Project

Client: Peopoe 'Cilmi12nf of Nam Dinh City

NGUYO'N , T TtN DUN&

Project management: Nam Dinh Su -Projeqt Management Unit of VUUP

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Consutant: Helena AholaSoil and Water Ltd., Finland

Nam Dinh 12-2003

Vietnam Urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment

Contents

Summary

PART 1 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

1 INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION .......................................................... 21.1 Background of the Project .......................................................... 21.2 Environmental Impact Assessment of the Project ................. .......................................... 21.3 Objectives and principles of the Sub-Project ........................................................... 41.4 Location of the Project ........................................................... 41.5 Scope of the Project Components ........................................................... 41.5.1 General .41.5.2 Component 1: Tertiary Infrastructure Upgrading .41.5.3 Component 2: Primary and Secondary Infrastructure .51.5.4 Component 3: Resettlement Housing .61.6 Implementation Schedule ..... 6..........................................6

2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION ................................................ 72.1 Environmental Management ................................................ 72.2 Environmental Law, Decree and Standards ............................... , . , . 72.3 World Bank Guidelines ... 8...........................8

3 BASELINE DATA ............................... 93.1 Location ............................... 93.2 Climate Conditions ... 9...........................93.3 Topography and Soil Conditions ............................... . . . . . . . . 93.4 Population and Socio-Economic Environment in Nam Dinh City ......... ..................... 103.4.1 Population .............................. 103.4.2 City Budget and Financing .103.4.3 Economical and Social Activities and Services .10

4 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF PROJECT AREA .............................................. 124.1 General .............................................. 124.2 Water and air quality in Van Mieu ward .............................................. 124.3 Water and Sediment Quality in Northern Drainage Basin .............................................. 134.4 Water Quality Evaluation for Receiving Rivers ............................................... 154.4.1 Introduction .154.4.2 Background .154.4.3 Water Quality Data .164.4.4 Dilution Analysis .184.4.5 Biological Processes .194.4.6 Conclusions .19

5 INFRASTRUCTURE IN PROJECT AREA IN VAN MIEU WARD ............. ................. 205.1 Socio-economic survey in low-income residential areas in Van Mieu ward ......................................... 205.2 Population and Socio-economic Situation ......................................................... 205.3 Conditions of Tertiary Infrastructure ......................................................... 235.4 Primary and Secondary Infrastructure in Van Mieu ......................................................... 25

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Vietnam Urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment 2

6 ALTERNATIVES OF THE PROJECT .......................................................... 266.1 Without the Project Situation .......................................................... 266.2 Selection of the Alternatives of Component I .......................................................... 266.3 Selection of Alternatives of Component 2 .......................................................... 276.4 Selection of the Alternatives of Component 3 .......................................................... 27

7 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS .......................................................... 297.1 Introduction .......................................................... 297.2 Generic Environmental Impacts of Component 1 and Component 2 .................................................... 297.3 Environmental Impacts of Component 2: Primary and Secondary Infrastructure ................................. 317.4 Environmental Impacts of Component 3: Resettlement Housing ............................................... ,.,., . 32

8 MITIGATION MEASURES .............................................. 358.1 General .............................................. 358.2 Mitigation Measures during Detailed Design ................................ 358.2.1 Generic Design Instructions ................................ 358.2.2 Generic Instructions for Tertiary and Trunk Infrastructure Design .368.3 Specific Mitigation Measures for Dredging and Drainage .......................................................... 378.4 Mitigation Measures during Construction .......................................................... 388.5 Mitigation Measures during Operation and Maintenance .......................................................... 398.6 Environmental Mitigation Measures for Component 3: Resettlement Housing .................................... 398.7 Need for Further Investigations .......................................................... 40

9 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING .............................................. 419.1 Generic Environmental Monitoring during Construction and Operation .............................................. 419.2 Specific Environmental Monitoring of Component 2 .......................................................... 43

10 CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING .......................................................... 4410.1 Overall Environmental Management .......................................................... 4410.2 Environmental Training .......................................................... 45

11 COST ESTIMATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ............................... 4811.1 Monitoring Costs .......................................................... 4811.2 Training Costs .......................................................... 49

12 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE .......................................................... 5112.1 General .......................................................... 5112.2 Key principles .......................................................... 5112.3 Community Participation .................... .5112.4 Public Consultation Meetings .................... 5312.5 Disclosure .................... 53

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AnnexesAnnex 1 Terms of Reference for the Preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) -

Phase 1Annex 2 People MetAmnex 3 Background Data of Nam Dinh CityAnnex 4 Component 1: Environmental Data Collection for Environmental Impact AssessmentAnnex 5 Component 2: Environmental Data Collection for Environmental Impact AssessmentAnnex 6 Environmental Impact Matrixes of Phase 1Annex 7 Examples of Mitigation Monitoring ReportsAnnex 8 Minutes of the Public Consultation

Drawings

Drawing 1 Location of VUUP Sub-ProjectsDrawing 2 Van Mieu Land Use PlanDrawing 3 Plan of Location and Phasing for Upgrading of Low-income AreasDrawing 4 Component 1: Upgrading of RoadsDrawing 5 Component 1: Upgrading of Drainage NetworkDrawing 6 Component 1: Upgrading of Public LightingDrawing 7 Component 1: Detailed Revetment of Van Mieu LakeDrawing 8 Component 1: Upgrading of Public ToiletDrawing 9 Proposed Communication System for Van Mieu WardDrawing 10 Existing Drainage System of Nam Dinh CityDrawing 11 Plan and Profile: Sections of Interceptor ChannelDrawing 12 Plan and Profile of Outlet ChannelDrawing 13 Component 3: General Layout of Resettlement SiteDrawing 14 Component 3: Proposed road networkDrawing 15 Component 3: Proposed drainage systemDrawing 16 Location of Sampling Points

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Abbreviations

Organisations

MOC Ministry of ConstructionMOF Ministry of FinanceMPI Ministry of Planning and InvestmentMONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and EnvironmentDONRE Department of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNEA National Environmental AgencyMOSTE Ministry of Science, Technology and EnvironmentDOSTE Department of Science, Technology and EnvironmentMOST Ministry of Science and TechnologyCMS Consulting Management ServicesPMU Proj ect Management UnitTUPWS Transportation and Urban Public Works ServiceVUUP Vietnam Urban Upgrading ProjectWB, the Bank The World Bank

Other

LUG Use CertificateEIA Environmental Impact AssessmentEMP Environmental Management PlanCEMP Community Environmental Management PlanCUP Community Upgrading PlanLIA Low-income AreaPIP Project Implementation PlanRAP Resettlement Action PlanTA Technical AssistanceO&M Operation and MaintenancePhuong ward


Summary

Introduction

The Vietnam Urban Upgrading Project (VUUP) aims to upgrade low-incomecommunities in four cities, namely Ho Chi Minh, Hai Phong, Nam Dinh, and Can Tho.The VUUP will provide basic infrastructure and services improvements (referred to astertiary infrastructure) to low-income communities already identified in the cities. Toensure that the tertiary infrastructure provided is able to operate effectively and to itsoptimum, critical primary and secondary infrastructure (referred to as trunkinfrastructure) is also to be provided as part of the VUUP.

According to the Terms of Reference for Phase 1 of Vietnam Urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinh City Sub-Project Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) documentationcorresponds to the World Bank safeguard policies OP 4.01 on EnvironmentalAssessment and OP 4.11 on Physical Cultural Resources where the concerns of impactson cultural structures are triggered and the Vietnamese Law on EnvironmentalProtection (December 27, 1993) and Decree No. 175-CP (October 18, 1994). The EIAdocumentation also gives broad picture on environmental condition in the project areasof all the three phases and specifies.guidance to the preparation of EIA documentationsfor phases 2 and 3.

Objectives and Principles

The objectives of the Vietnam Urban Upgrading Project are as follows:

- Alleviate poverty in urban areas by improving the living and environmentalconditions of the urban poor

- Promote the participatory planning methods for urban upgrading to meet the people'sdemand

- Use multi-sector approach with communities' consultation in implementation processof upgrading programs.

The most important principle of the project is to active community participation in allstages of preparation, design and implementation processes. The residents, who areliving in the project area, will have the right to participate in and benefit from theproject as well as contribute to the upgrading works.

Scope of the Project

To the Project includes the following six components:

- Component 1: Tertiary Infrastructure Upgrading

- Component 2: Primary and Secondary Infrastructure- Component 3: Resettlement Housing- Component 4: Land and Housing Management- Component 5: Housing Improvement Loan Program- Component 6: Capacity Building

Environmental Impact Assessment has been prepared for Component 1, 2 and 3.

Component 1 Tertiary Infrastructure Upgrading is focusing on upgrading andrehabilitating tertiary infrastructure, which is located in low-income areas and serves theneeds of people to improve their living conditions. Component 2 Primary and

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Secondary Infrastructure is including upgrading of some roads and construction ofdrainage system and street lighting along the roads; and upgrading of Main Ring Canaland construction of Quan Chuot pumping station and sluice way. Component 3Resettlement Housing is including construction of resettlement site.

Selection of Alternatives

If the upgrading of tertiary infrastructure in the low-income areas will not beimplemented deterioration of the structures will continue and even speed up causingmore serious problems for water supply, drainage and traffic; and hinders for economicdevelopment of the area. Living conditions of the people are already now almostunbearable and the situation will become worse if no improvement will happen.

Based on the community requirements mentioned in the socio-economic survey andfound out during the preparation of community upgrading plans, the consultant preparedseveral upgrading options with different investment cost, service level and differentinfluences for community consideration and selection.

The options were selected for upgrading tertiary infrastructure in Van Mieu wardincluding: 1) Main roads in residential area (width 3.5 - 5 m); 2) Access roads and

alleys; 3) Ground levelling to prevent flooding; 4) Branch sewer along access roads andalleys; 5) Main drains along the main roads; 6) Public lighting; 7) Public toilet; and 8)Solid waste transfer stations. Options for upgrading primary and secondaryinfrastructure in Van Mieu ward include 9) Roads and 10) Drainage along the roads.

Construction of primary and secondary infrastructure are according to the City MasterPlan and Drainage Master Plan. It has been decided that discharge from the Main RingCanal (T3-1 1) would be done to the Red River to protect the raw water intake in theDao River.

People's committee announce that WB PMUJ- Nam Dinh City is allowed to survey andstart procedure for resettlement investment. Location of resettlement area is Tram Caarea in Van Mieu ward and Loc An commune in Nam Dinh City. The available area isin Van Mieu ward 15,OOOm2 and in Bai Vien area 59,000m2.

Environmental Impacts

In Nam Dinh City, as well as in other cities, the urban poor are usually living in low-income area where infrastructure is degraded and environment polluted. These factorscomplicate to get good and permanent job and lead easily to employment. Because thepoor have low income level they cannot afford to improve infrastructure and livingconditions themselves. T his c auses that the I iving c ondition o f the p oor w ill d egradeeven more and the vicious circle is difficult to break.

With the investment on upgrading infrastructure in low-income area it is possible toassists the urban poor to improve their living conditions, health situation, possibility tofind job and to reduce poverty.

In Van Mieu ward existing environmental conditions in low-income area fail to achievethe environmental quality standards required by the Government policy and legislation.In order to achieve the long-term benefits, the project is expected to generate short-termadverse impacts, particularly during the construction stage due to the proposed scale of

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the interventions. However, the majority of adverse construction phase impacts can bemitigated through:

- The incorporation of appropriate contract conditions that define operating proceduresto be adopted by contractors

- Maintaining an effective consultation process that ensures effective participation ofcommunity (primary stakeholder) level in implementing the CommunityEnvironmental Management Plan (CEMP) and Environmental Management Plan(EMP)

- Ensuring the project management framework provides coherent decision makingabout defined actions in the event of non-compliance

Almost 12,200 residents in Van Mieu ward can get direct socio-economic andenvironmental benefits through provision of public utilities, services and infrastructure.The n umber o f i ndirect b eneficiaries i n t he s urrounding a reas c an be estimated to beseveral thousands.

Initial indications are that the discharge of effluent through Main Ring Canal (T3-1 1)canal will have no significant effect on the Red River water quality and will not causeproblems at the water treatment works. However, as a part of the detailed design moredetailed water quality modelling is recommended to determine the impact to ensuremore effective dilutionr and assimilation.

Mitigation Measures

Mitigation measures are given for each component during design, construction andoperation. Most of the needed mitigation measures are needed during construction.

Impact Mitigation Measures during ConstructionNoise, Odour, The maximum permitted noise level is given in the Vietnamese standard TCVN 5949-1998. TheLitter and strongest limitations are from 10 pm to 6 am in the vicinity of hospitals, libraries and kindergartensDust where maximum noise level is 40 dB.

Air quality and dust emissions are mitigated through dust suppression measures compliance with TCVN5937-1995To minimise the odour nuisance especially the dredging works have to be carried out during dry season.Appropriate equipment has to be used to prevent overloading of trucks. Accidental spills, sludge, oilsand lubricants from equipment etc. have to be absorbed and collected immediately.In the construction site dust, litter and public inconvenience has to be minimised by good constructionmanagement and site supervision. It is recommended to sprinkle the street in the vicinity of constructionsites to minimise dust.Solid and liquid wastes should be collected to transfer stations established to the construction sites andtransported to the landfill.Waste and disposal of excavated material are disposed at the sites, which are agreed with URENCO.

Health and The Contractor is responsible to provide appropriate equipment, tools and protective clothing to theSafety workers and ensure that appropriate working methods are applied.

During dredging and transportation of dredged material the Contractor has to follow strictly safety andhealth regulations. The dredging has to be organised so that the need to go to the water is minimised.Special attention has to be paid to avoid the direct contact with sludge. The Contractor has to provideprotective clothing including at least overall, Wellington boots and gloves.A possibility to proper washing with clean water has to be arranged during and after the working. Cleanwater and first aid kit has to be available to wash and treat the possible cuts and wounds.

Traffic and All works have to carried out so that not to interfere unnecessarily the public and prevent the access toTransportation use public or private roads and footpaths to or of properties.Arrangements The Contractor has to select transportation routes, choose vehicles and distribute loads so that the

transportation from and to the site shall be limited as far as reasonably possible.The Contractor has to use every reasonable means to prevent any of the roads and bridges from beingdamaged by the works.

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Vietnam Urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environimental Impact Assessment 8

Transportation The nuisance caused by transportation of materials and especially dredged sludge has to be minimisedof Dredged by arranging transportation and construction on busy main streets only outside rush hours and in narrowSludge and streets in residential areas only during the day. The transportation has to be avoided between 10 pm andMaterial 6 am and is allowed only on the request of traffic police.

Careful planning of dredging, excavation, construction and transportation schedules, and planning andselection of routes, as well as choice of transportation vehicles will minimise dust. Loads have to becovered tightly to minimise spread of dust and preventing dropping of material from the loads to theroads.

Workinig In all construction works local working time and site arrangements and instructions concerning siteTime and Site clearance, fencing, watching and lighting, working at night etc. given in Contract Documents have to beArrangements followed up.Public The district PMU shall announce the construction works and new traffic arrangements duringRelations constructions works to the public regionally in newspapers, TV and radio. Locally the announcement is

given to the ward representatives who will inform the residents. Loudspeakers can be used during theconstruction works to give the latest information in concerning areas.

Implementation Organisation

Project Management Unit (PMU) will carry out conduction and management of theproject according to the regulations of the Government such as bidding process, controlof time schedules, financial issues and quality control. To the PMU include director,deputy directors, chief accountant, specialist of planning, construction, finance, law andenvironment, and administrative staff.

PMU has the main responsibility of the implementation and monitoring of the CEMPand EMP. The daily monitoring will be done in the community level, but PMU will bein charge of the sampling and analysing, which might be needed and reporting. PMUhas carried out preparation of the whole project and sub-projects. However, in order toensure good implementation of the project, the capacity of PMU should be improved.This task is an important part of Component 6.

Environmental Implementation Organisation

ND province people'scommittee

0 | ND city PC DONRE

PMU | Van Mieu Ward PC I Industry and Trade group

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Social-environment group Community leader

| Planning group t / W | Region leader

People

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Proposed Monitoring Programme

Environmental monitoring will be done during construction in four levels; namely asmonitoring of development of project performance indicators; monitoring ofimplementation of mitigation measures done by the Contractor; community basedmonitoring; and overall regulatory monitoring of the project.

Environmental Monitoring for Tertiary Infrastructure during Construction and Operation

ConstructionFrequency What to monitor How to monitor ResponsibilityOnce a week Observation and collection of complains from the Observation Community leader

residents concerning water supply, drainage, dredging,roads, solid waste, air quality etc. related to theconstruction

Once a month Noise and dust from construction Observation Community leaderNoise and dust from construction Measurement Contractor

OperationOnce a week Condition of solid waste transfer stations Observation Community ieader /

URENCOOnce a month Observation and collection of complains from the Observation Community leader

residents concerning water supply, drainage, dredging,roads, solid waste, air quality etc.Condition of roads and street lighting Observation Community leader

Quarterly Noise and dust along the roads Measurement PMU report to DONREWater quality and pressure Meas,urement Water Supply CompanyCondition of drainage system Observation Community leader /

Drainage Company

Environmental Monitoring for Trunk Infrastructure and Resettlement Site duringConstruction and Operation

ConstructionFrequency What to monitor How to monitor ResponsibilityOnce a week Observation and collection of complains from the Observation Community leader

residents concerning construction works, especiallynoise and dust

Once a month Noise and dust from construction Measurement ContractorQuarterly Sludge dredging and disposal (not for resettlement site) Quantity Contractor

Leachate quality PMU report to DONREmeasurement atdisposal site

Biannually Quality of recipient water Measure PMU report to DONREOperation

Once a week Condition of solid waste transfer station Observation Community leader /URENCO

Once a month Observation and collection of complains from the Observation Community leaderresidents concerning water supply, drainage, dredging,roads, solid waste, air quality etc.Condition of roads and street lighting Observation Community leaderWater quality and pressure Measurement Water Supply CompanyCondition of drainage system Observation Community leader /

Drainage CompanyBiannually Sludge disposal (not for resettlement site) Leachate quality Operator of disposal

measurement at site report to DONREdisposal site

Quality of recipient water Measure Sanitation or DrainageCompany report toDONRE

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Vietiam Urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment 10

It is recommended that during the construction and operation water and sedimentsamples would be taken twice per year from the same sampling points than during thedetailed design phase. The list of parameters is only proposal and the final content canbe modified according to the needs during the construction and operation.

Environmental Training

Training how to implement monitoring of the environmental issues of the project willbe given to different target groups according to the needs.

- PMU: Person(s) in charge of environmental issues will be trained to superviseenvironmental monitoring and reporting

- Contractors: will be trained how to monitor implementation of mitigation measuresand how to fill mitigation monitoring reports

- Communities: Community representatives will be trained to do the on-site observingand monitoring of the upgrading activities during construction and operation.Parameters to be observed i.e. dust, noise and tidiness of streets and solid wastetransfer stations and observation sites will be selected together with therepresentatives of the PMU and the communities based on the proposed monitoringprogramme.

The training programs will be included into Component 6.

Community participation

Plan on upgrading infrastructure including tertiary infrastructure (component 1) andrelated primary and secondary infrastructure (component 2) were done with activeparticipation of communities. The communities have participated with Consultantduring project preparation including:

- Defining problems on infrastructure and environment that the public faces- Defining orientation and priority to solve such problems- Choosing technical methods to overcome and improve infrastructure- Discussing on investment scale, technical measures, assigning responsibility of

contribution on investment cost, operation and maintenance fee- Discussing on assigning management responsibility, operation, monitoring to ensure

effective activities of improved infrastructure

To promote the participation of communities in the project, the consultant hasdeveloped planning groups, planning teams including representative of authority, non-governmental organizations and representatives of resident in the area. The consultanthas trained and assisted them on communication skills and knowledge on preparation ofplan for investment project. The planning group included 46 people and divided into 2levels.

Based on selection of the planning group, planning teams and communities, theconsultant studied and adjusted the plans suitably. The points due to technicalrequirements, which can't adjust to meet requirement of a part of community wereexchanged a nd w ere r eturned t o f inal d ecision b y c onsultant a nd p lanning g roup a ndafter that they were once again reported and explain to community.

After the Consultant and planning group selected and agreed the technical options theywere finally agreed. This final agreement was informed to community and allhouseholds.

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Disclosure and Public Consultation

The first drafts of EA documents were disclosed both in InfoShop in Washington DCand in-country as required by the World Bank. The Vietnamese version of the executivesummary of EIA report was disclosed in Van Mieu ward including to the project inPhase 1 in accordance with the instruction by the Nam Dinh P eople's Committee inNovember 2003. At the same time the full text of the first draft EIA report was availableat PMU office and inforned to the project affected households. The Vietnamese finaldraft EA documents were displayed in the same places from December 20, 2003. Thefinal draft EA documents will replace the current display in InfoShop and VDIC at theWorld Bank Vietnam office in Hanoi.

The public consultation meeting was organised on December 8, 2003 in Van Mieuward. In the meeting the participants supported the project and were ready to co-operatewith PMU and contractor. The general opinion was that the construction works shouldbe started as soon as possible and the works should be done parallel. It was alsorequested that the PMU should inform in advance the construction time and thecontractor should discuss with the communities about the content and location of theworks and keep the agreed construction schedule. Communities were willing toparticipate in supervising and monitoring of the construction works.

Vietnam Urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinlh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment 2

1 INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

1.1 Background of the Project

Vietnam's cities have rapid growing populations, and infrastructure and utility serviceinvestments have lagged far behind demand. Low-income areas have developed, andare continuing to develop, in an ad-hoc unplanned manner with little infrastructure andservices. This creates environmental and health hazards for their residents and the city atlarge. New, innovative and low cost approaches are thus required to address Vietnam'sgrowing urbanization challenges.

Realizing this, the Government of Vietnam has requested donor assistance to prepare anational program to upgrade low-income communities. Preparatory studies fundedthrough the Cities Alliance have been completed to help develop a National UrbanUpgrading Program. The Ministry of Planning and Investment has requested the WorldBank to support a Vietnam Urban Upgrading Project (VUUP) as the first major projectin the national program. The VUUP aims to upgrade low-income communities in fourcities, namely Ho Chi Minh, Hai Phong, Nam Dinh, and Can Tho (Drawing 1). TheVUUP will provide basic infrastructure and services improvements (referred to hereafteras tertiary infrastructure) to low-income commurrities already identified in the cities. Toensure that the tertiary infrastructure provided is able to operate effectively and to itsoptimum, critical primary and secondary infrastructure (referred to hereafter as trunkinfrastructure) is also to be provided as part of the VUUP.

It is anticipated that a number of families will have to be unavoidably resettled, andtherefore social housing and/or basic serviced sites for housing will be provided(referred to hereafter as housing developments). The combination of investment fortertiary and trunk infrastructure, and housing developments in each city will be referredto hereafter as the city's sub-project. In each city, the sub-project is divided into two orthree phases, each of which will be implemented over a 2-3 year period. Phase 1 will beprepared before the project is presented to the World Bank's Board and Phases 2 and 3will be prepared during project implementation.

1.2 Environmental Impact Assessment of the Project

According to the Terms of Reference (Annex 1) for Phase 1 of Vietnam UrbanUpgrading Project - Narn Dinh City Sub-Project Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) documentation corresponds to the World Bank safeguard policies OP 4.01 onEnvironmental Assessment and OP 4.11 on Physical Cultural Resources where theconcerns of impacts on cultural structures are triggered and the Vietnamese Law onEnvironmental Protection (December 27, 1993) and Decree No. 175-CP (October 18,1994). The EIA documentation also gives broad picture on environmental condition inthe project areas of all the three phases and specifies guidance to the preparation of EIAdocumentations for phases 2 and 3. Phase 1 EIA will be prepared before the project ispresented to the World Bank's Board and EIA documentation for Phases 2 and 3 will beprepared during project implementation according to the Environmental SafeguardsFramework described in Volume 3.

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Vietnam Urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinhl City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment 3

The environmental documentation has the following structure:- Volume 1: Executive Environmental Assessment and RAP Summary- Volume 2: City-specific ELAs

- Volume 2A: Ho Chi Minh City Sub-Project- Volume 2B: Haiphong City Sub-Project

- Volume 2C: Nam Dinh City Sub-Project- Volume 2D: Can Tho City Sub-Project

- Volume 3: Environmental Safeguards Framework for Phase 2 and 3

The city-specific EIA is including: 1) EIA, 2) EMP, 3) Public Consultation andDisclosure, and 4) Annexes.

EA documents have been finalised in December 2003 just after the Trunk InfrastructureConsultant has started their work and some final decisions were still underconsideration.

The Environmental Impact Assessment is based on the following:

- Vietnam urban upgrading Project (VUUP) Terms of Reference for the Preparation ofEnvironmental Impact Assessment (EIA) - Phase 1, May 2003

- The World Bank OP 4.01 on Environmental Assessment, January 1999- The World Bank OP 4.11 on Physical Cultural Resources,- Law on Environmental Protection, December 1993- Decree 175/CP Government Decree on providing Guidance for the Implementation

of the Law on Environmental Protection, October 1994- Vietnamese Environmental Standards, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, MoSTE- Vietnam Urban Upgrading Project (VUUP) Nam Dinh Sub-Project

- Report on Pre-Feasibility Study; Consultants, Designers & ConstructorsCorporation, January 2003 (in English and Vietnamese)

- Report on Feasibility Study; Consultants, Designers & Constructors Corporation,June 2003 (in English and Vietnamese)

- CUPs for Van Mieu Low-income Area; April 2003 (in English and Vietnamese),- Draft Feasibility Study on Resettlement Site; Urban Planning Institute in Nam

Dinh (in Vietnamese, September 2003)- Report on Environment Data Collection for Environment Impact Assessment

Upgrading tertiary Infrastructure in Low-income Area in Phase 1; Consultants,Designers & Constructors Corporation, September 2003

- Report on Feasibility Study: Sectional Project: Construction of Drainage Pumpingstation, Outlet Sluice Way and Main Ring Canal for North Basin of Nam DinhCity; Designers & Constructors Corporation, October 2003

- Report on Environment Collection for Environment Impact Assessment ofUpgrading Primary and secondary Infrastructure for Phase 1 and DrainagePumping Station and Drainage System for Northern Basin; Consultants,Designers & Constructors Corporation, November 2003

- Quan Chuot Pumping Station Project, Water Quality Evaluation for ReceivingWaters, Stanley Group Inc. December 2003

- Site visits- Discussions with ND VUUP PMU and Nan Dinh DONRE- Review of documents and project overview

People met during the EIA preparation are listed in Annex 2.

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1.3 Objectives and principles of the Sub-Project

The objectives of Nam Dinh Sub-Project, as well as the objectives of the VietnamUrban Upgrading Project in general, are as follows:

- Alleviate poverty in urban areas by improving the living and environmentalconditions of the urban poor

- Promote the participatory planning methods for urban upgrading to meet the people'sdemand

- Use multi-sector approach with communities' consultation in implementation processof upgrading programs.

The Project is implemented based on the following principle:

- The Project is implemented with the active participation of community in the projectpreparation and performance process. All residents living in the Project zones haverights to participate and benefit from Project regardless of sex and the availability ofthe official registrations. Communities are encouraged to contribute finance for theProject. Local mass organizations (NGOs) are encouraged to participate to facilitatethe community, especially women's involvement in the project preparation andimplementation

- Resettlement and land acquisition will be minimized as much as possible to avoid thebreak of social structure

- The Project is anticipated to be implemented in a synchronous manner withcoordination of various sectors such as water supply, water drainage, transportation,etc. for the effectiveness of the Project

- The Project is implemented based on the suitable technical standards to meet therequirements of habitants so that the number of beneficiaries is the biggest and theinvestment cost suitable with the financial capacity of various levels' budgets and thehabitants

1.4 Location of the Project

The project area is Van Mieu ward in Loc An commune in Nam Dinh City (Drawings 2- 3) and Northem drainage basin.

1.5 Scope of the Project Components

1.5.1 General

The project includes six main components:

- Component 1: Tertiary Infrastructure Upgrading- Component 2: Primary and Secondary Infrastructure- Component 3: Resettlement Housing

- Component 4: Land and Housing Management- Component 5: Housing Improvement Loan Programme- Component 6: Capacity Building

Environmental Impact Assessment has been done for the Components 1, 2 and 3(Drawings 4 - 15).

1.5.2 Component 1: Tertiary Infrastructure Upgrading

This component is focusing on upgrading and rehabilitating tertiary infrastructure,which is located in low-income areas and serves the needs of people to improve theirliving conditions. The main sub-components are as follows: (Table 1.1, Drawings 4-8).

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Vietnam Urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Enviromnental Impact Assessment 5

Table 1.1 Investment scale of Component 1 Phase 1

No. Investment item Unit Quantity1 Tertiary infrastructure1.1 Construct new main roads with width 5m, road surface is hardened (m

2) 5,250

by concrete grade 300 thickness 20cm1.2 Upgrade road surface of existing main roads width 3-3.5m, road (m2) 4,060

surface is hardened by concrete grade 300 thickness 20cm1.3 Construct road sidewalk with cement tiling (mi2 ) 9,7801.4 Upgrade access roads and lanes width 1.5-1.8m, road surface is (m) 22,500

hardened by concrete grade 300 thickness 10cm1.5 Construct branch drainage sewer along the access roads 8,9001.6 Upgrade existing drainage sewer (m) 1,2001.7 Construct main drainage sewer along the main roads (m), 3,1001.8 Public lighting (km) 6,51.9 Public toilet plot 141.10 Solid waste transfer station (m

2) 200

1.11 Health care station (m2) 230

1.12 Upgrade market item 11.13 Upgrade existing public entertainment place item 11.14 Lake excavation (m

3) 8,3241.15 Lake embankment (mn3 ) 950

1.16 Construct service road around the lake width 3m, surface is hardened (in2 ) 1,650by concrete grade 300 thickness 10cm

1.17 Landscaping Item 1

1.5.3 Component 2: Primary and Secondary Infrastructure

To the Component 2 is including upgrading of some roads and construction of drainagesystem and street lighting along the roads and construction and upgrading of QuanChuot pumping station, sluice to the Red River and Main Ring Canal (Drawings 9 - 12).

Table 1.2 Investment Scale of Component 2 Phase 1

No. Investment item Unit Quantity2 Primary and secondary infrastructure2.1 Upgrade road surface for Vu Ban road (mI) 13,1632.2 Upgrade Giai Phong road (mi2 ) 7,2002.3 Upgrade Ninh Binh road (m2) 1,680

2.4 Construct sidewalks (m2) 19,0802.5 Drainage channel for Vu Ban road (m) 2,2502.6 Drainage channel for Giai Phong road (m) 4502.7 Drainage channel for Ninh Binh extension road (m) 02.8 Main drainage box culvert along Ninh Binh road from Giai Phong road (m) 950

to Kenh Gia canal*2.9 Street lighting (km) 1,53 Quan Chuot pumping station, sluice way and Main Ring Canal3.1 Main Ring Canal

Upgrading canalConnection to the existing drainage systemIrrigation systemAccess roads

3.2 Quan Chuot pumping stationMachine and equipmentConstruction worksPower supply

3.3 Sluice wayConstruction worksIrrigation systemAccess roads

Deremher 9)0O1


1.5.4 Component 3: Resettlement Housing

For households who have to remove and have demand of land for replacement, will bearranged new living area from the resettlement area. The proposed area is located to theWest from Van Mieu ward and part of it belongs to Loc An commune (Drawings 13 -15). The area is presently agricultural area and fishponds. The resettlement site willinclude infrastructure such as electricity, water supply, drainage and roads.

1.6 Implementation Schedule

Based on the TOR agreed by the World Bank, it is envisaged that the Projectimplementation will start on third quarter of 2004 and will be finalised by the end of2006.


2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION

2.1 Environmental Management

National Assembly has approved the government's proposal to create the Ministry forNatural Resources and Environment (MONRE) by decision 02/2002/QH1 1 on August5, 2002. Decree No 86/2002/ND-CP on November 5, 2002 provides in generalfunctions, tasks, powers and organisation structure of the ministry and ministerialagencies. Decree No 91/2002/ND-CP on the functions, tasks, powers and organisationalstructure of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment has been given onNovember 11, 2002. The new ministry will co-operate with the General Department ofLand Administration, the General Hydro-Meteorology Department and e nvironmentaloffices that now operate under the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment.

MONRE is a government body to exercise the state function of management over theland, water resources, minerals, environment, meteorology, hydrogeography, measuringand mapping in the national scope; exercise the governance over the public services andrepresent the owner of state capital in enterprises using state budgets relating to naturalresources of land, water, minerals, environment, meteorology, hydrogeography,measuring and mapping specified by laws.

Concerning environment the tasks and authorities are as follows:

- Direct and supervise the implementation of the regulations and measures for theprotection of the environment, the programs and projects on the prevention ofcombat and overcoming the degradation and pollution, enviromnental break-down asassigned by the governnent

- Uniformly manage the national environmental monitoring system; summarise andtreat data resulted from environmental monitoring and regularly assess theenvironment; forecast the environmental changes

- Appraise environmental impact assessment reports of the projects and business, andproduction units; regulate environmental standards and unifornly manage thelicensing, restoring the environmental standards satisfied certificates according to theregulations of the laws;

- Mobilise the donor resources, receive the investment capital from the State to supportprogrammes, projects, activities and tasks to protect the environment and manage theutilization of Vietnam Environmental Protection Fund.

2.2 Environmental Law, Decree and Standards

In Vietnam, the basic national environmental policy is based on the Law onOrganisation of the Government (September 30, 1992), the Law on EnvironmentalProtection (December 27, 1993) and the Decree No. 175-CP (October 18, 1994).

According to the Decree 91/2002/ND-CP under MONRE has been established amongmany other departments Environmental Impact Assessment and Appraisal department.The EIA can, however, be appraised by the local DONRE based on their knowledge oflocal conditions and further be delivered to PC for approval, if delegated by MONRE.There are no specific stipulations in the law and decree concerning approval of EMP.

MOSTE has published 1 995, 1 998, 1 999, 2000 and 2001 Vietnamese EnvironmentalStandards, and standardisation work is in progress. From now on MONRE will continuethe work. In - cases, where the applicable Vietnamese standard is inadequate, not

fln,1fmht-r 9003


regulated or applicable, project agencies must obtain MONREs approval for the use ofequivalent standards of the countries that have provided the technology and equipmentto Vietnam, or apply equivalent standard from a third country.

The most relevant environmental related laws, standards and regulations are listed inVolume 3: Environ-mental Safeguards Framework of the Project.

2.3 World Bank Guidelines

The environmental impact assessment study for the sanitation project was designed toevaluate its status with respect to all applicable World Bank environmental and socialpolicies and guidelines.

During the EA process for this project, a review of World Bank environmental andsocial policies was carried out with respect to their relevance to this project. Thepolicies directly relevant to this project are Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01),Cultural Property (OP 4.11) and Involuntary Resettlement (OD 4.30). The specificWorld Bank guidelines that were identified as being applicable to this project areEnvironmental Assessment Sourcebook, Volume I and II (1991) and PollutionPrevention and Abatement Handbook 1997.

For all Category A projects proposed for IBRD or IDA financing, during the EAprocess, the borrower consults project-affected groups and local nongovernmentalorganisations (NGOs) about the project's environmental aspects and takes their vies intoaccount. For Category A projects, the borrower consults these groups at least twice:shortly after environmental screening and before the terms of reference for the EA isfinalised; and once the draft EA report is prepared.

For meaningful consultations between the borrower and project-affected groups andlocal NGOs on all Category A projects for IBRD or IDA financing, the borrowerprovides relevant material in a timely manner prior to consultation and in a form andlanguage that are understandable and accessible to the groups being consulted.

For a Category A project, the borrower provides for the initial consultation a summaryof the proposed project's objectives, description, and potential impacts; for consultationafter the draft EA report is prepared, the borrower provides a summary of the EA'sconclusions. In addition, for a Category A project, the borrower makes draft EA reportavailable at a public place accessible to project-affected groups and local NGOs.

Once the borrower officially transmits the Category A EA Report to the Bank, the Bankdistributes the summary (in English) to the executive directors (EDs) and makes thereport available through its InfoShop. If the borrower objects to the Bank's releasing anEA report through its InfoShop, Bank staff (a) do not continue processing an IDAproject or (b) for EBRD project, submit the issue of further processing to the EDs.

flPrPm1-pr 9OO1


3 BASELINE DATA

3.1 Location

Nam Dinh city is located on the left junction of the Red River and the Dao River, about90km the southeast from Hanoi. Nam Dinh City has been upgraded to a secondary cityand urban town of Nam Dinh province. The coordinates of Nam Dinh City are from20027'35" to 20023'33" of northern latitude and from 10601 1'15" to 106°07'05" of eastermlongitude. The city is adjacent to My Loc on the north, Nam Truc ward on the south,My Loc ward and the Red River on the east, My Loc ward and Vu Ban on the west.Total natural area of the whole city is 4,545 ha, of which 853 ha is urban area. The cityis divided into 15 wards and 7 communes. In the 15 urban wards there are 143population areas (mien) and 1,600 population groups (to).

More detailed background data of Nam Dinh City is presented in Annex 3.

3.2 Climate Conditions

Nam Dinh City is including to the monsoon climate of Northern delta.

Table 3.1 Climate Condition in Nam Dinh

Temperature Average annual temperature + 23.7 0CAverage temperature in surnmer + 27.80CAverage temperature in winter + 19.5 0C

Humidity Average annual humidity 84%Maximum relative humidity 94%Minimum relative humidity 65%

Rainfall Average annual rainfall 1,830 mmHighest daily rainfall 350 mm

Wind Average wind-flow 2.4m/sWind-direction In summer: Southeast and in winter: North

3.3 Topography and Soil Conditions

Nam Dinh City is located in the Red River Delta with low and rather plane topography,average elevation is 0.5 to 4.0 m from the sea level and elevation in the urban area isfrom 3 to 4m. Underground construction is often heightened froml to 1.5m. Rice fieldsare on elevation of 0.5 to 1.5m. Areas where elevation is less than 2.Om are oftenflooded during heavy rains. The dyke on the left bank of the Dao River has beenconstructed to the height of +6.50m.

There is no geological survey material from the whole Nam Dinh City, but based on theexisting about 200 boreholes drilled for construction works, it can estimated that soillayers from top to bottom are as follows: cover layer; mud-mixed clay layer; soil-mixedsand layer; mud-mixed c lay 1 ayer; s oil-mixed s and 1 ayer; m ud-mixed c lay 1 ayer; c laylayer; mud-mixed clay layer; and soil-mixed sand layer

This is a typical soil layer system with low resistance (less than lkg/cm2). Groundwaterlevel is at the level -0.7m from the ground.

Vietnam Urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment I 0

3.4 Population and Socio-Economic Environment in Nam Dinh City

3.4.1 Population

At the end of 2001 the city population was 232,304 people of which 113,085 were male(48.7%) and 119,218 female (51.3%). 170,003 people lived in urban (73.2%) area and62,300 people lived in suburban area (about 26.8%). In 2001 the birth rate was 1.24%,mortality rate was 0.43% and demographic increasing rate was 0.81%. Population ofNam Dinh City tends to decrease because the rate of migration is rather high. Accordingto the City Master Plan the population forecast Nam Dinh City is as follows:

Table 3.2 Population forecast

Criteria Unit Actual Planningsituation 2001 2005 2020

Total population of the city Person 232,304 290,000 375,000Rate of population growth %/year 0.2 1.7 1.7National growth rate of population %/year 0.81 1.3 1.1Mechanical growth rate of population %/year -0.61 0.4 0.6Urban population Person 170,003 240,000 330,000Rate of population growth %/year 0.1 2.1 1.9National growth rate of population %/year 1.10 1.0 0.7Mechanical growth rate of population %/year -1.0 1.1 1.2Urbanized population in suburb in the period person 15,000 10,000

3.4.2 City Budget and Financing

The city's budget is formed from taxes, duties and mostly subsides from the provincialbudget. Total expenditure from the budget in 2000 was 23.709 billion VND, of which15.512 billion VND (65% of total expenditure) was subsided from the provincialbudget. In 2001 the province authorized expenditure for education and the totalexpenditure fromthebudgetwas49.747billion VND, of which 38.766 billion VND(about 78% of total expenditure) was subsided from the provincial budget.

At the ward/commune l evel expenditure w as 8.371 b illion VND i n 2 000 and 1 1.815billion VND in 2001.

GDP in 2000 for the whole city was 1,225billion VND, of which 51.2 billion VND(about 4.2%) was of agro-forestry and fishery products, 595.6 billion (about 48.6%) ofindustrial construction, 578.5 billion VND (about 47.2%) of services. Income per capitain 2001 was 3,658,000 VND and average expenditure per capital in the same year was3,520,000 VND.

3.4.3 Economical and Social Activities and Services

Nam Dinh City is an industrial and commercial centre of the whole area. Besides 114enterprises and cooperatives, there are about 1 ,700 individual trading households. Tothe industrial sector includes:

- Textile and garment industry- Industry of processing meat, seafood, fruits and drinks- Industry of processing wood, woollen carpets and jute fibre- Ship building industry- Handicraft

T)ereniher 9003


The textile and garment industry has a main role in the economy and production ismostly for export. In the branch there were in 1990 about 54,000 workers. For the timebeing there are about 27,000 workers.

The foodstuff industry is mostly for export (frozen shrimp and meat). Bier production ismostly for local consumption. At present, there are two small shipyards, whichl capacityis to construct 600 tonnage ships and there are about 300 workers.

GDP proportions of construction and industry manufacture of the total GDP of the cityis 48.6% (596 billion VND from total 1,225 billion VND)

Agricultural production has concentrated on the suburb communes with the majorityproportion is agricultural plants. People also raise livestock. GDP proportion ofagriculture from the total GDP of city in 2000 was 4.2% (52 billion VND from 1,225billion VND). The more urbanization of the city is, the less there is agricultural land inuse because of utilization of the land for industrial construction and urban development.

In 2000 GDP proportion in trade and service accounts for 47.2% from the total GDPproportion of the city (579 billion VND from 1,225 billion VND). The city has two bigcommercial centres and many other business establishments along the roads andresidential areas. Potential tourism and, services are also considered.

Over the last few years, economic activities of the city have been developedcomparatively. However, with rapid regional and global development the developmentrate of the city has not fulfilled the set tasks. The economic development rate is ratherlow, competitiveness capacity is weak therefore risk of backwardness is increasing. Thismainly results from low investment capacity and that the city has not attracted foreigninvestment. Degraded infrastructure i s o ne r eason f or w eak i nvestment a ttraction a ndlow domestic source of investment.

Education system is including one part-time university, 11 colleges and vocational highschools on the city area. There are 26 kindergartens, 21 primary schools, 18 juniorsecondary schools and 9 secondary schools.

There are one provincial-level cultural centre, one city-level cultural centre, threecinemas and two libraries on the city area. There are one stadium, one swimming pooland three centres of training gymnasts.

On the whole city area ther.e are 35 health units, including one big general hospital at theprovincial level, 9 general hospitals, 1 prevention and advocacy health centre, 4 regionalclinics and 22 health stations at the commune/ward level with total 1,320 patient beds.

Substantially, the health unit system has met demands for public health care. However,it should be noted that health units at ward level lack of necessary equipment andfacilities. Some health stations at ward level have no specific address and they have tobe located at other agencies, which influences to the service quality.


4 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF PROJECT AREA

4.1 General

The available environmental data is very limited and there is no proper long-termmonitoring data available. However, it can be estimated that the open drainage channels,through which also wastewater is discharged to recipient water bodies, are heavilypolluted because there is no wastewater treatment system. The natural water area in theinner city area is very limited, there area only some man-made ponds, which waterquality is not known. In general the streets and markets are not very clean and it seemsthat solid waste management is inadequate, causing serious environmental and healthrisk.

Inside city there are some 10-12m high trees along the roads and in some parks, whichare mostly almond tree, flamboyant and nacre. Outside city there are some forest usedfor wood processing with trees such as nacre and eucalyptus; and fruit trees s uch a slongan, orange, lemon and grapefruit. The main agricultural plants are rice and differentkind of vegetables. There are no endangered plans or animals in the project area.

4.2 Water and air quality in Van Mieu ward

The city is located on the junction of the Red River and the Dao River. These are twomain rivers have influence to the hydrographical regime of the city. In addition, thereare some small 3 0-5Om w ide r ivers c ombined w ith t he d yke s ystem t o form a d ensehydrographical system, which serves irrigation and urban activities.

Water and air quality samples have been taken for the needs of the VUUP. The detaileddata for Components 1 and 3 is presented in Annex 4 and for Component 2 in Annex 5.

Table 4.1 Water quality of open channel in Van Mieu ward

No Parameter Value TCVN

29/10/2002 05/11/2002 6772-20031 Temperature (°C) 30 25 452 PH 7,5 7,5 5-93 SS (mg/i) 32 40 2004 COD (mg/l) 350 350 4005 BOD5 (mg/i) 129,6 120,6 1006 DO (mg/l) 5 5 27 Total N (mg/l) 58,5 50,5 608 Total P (mg/l) 0,67 0,67 89 Coliform (MNP/lOOml) 240,000 240,000 10,000

The results of open channel indicate pollution from domestic sources. COD and totalnitrogen values are slightly under limit of Domestic Wastewater Standard and BODclose to the limit. The numbers coliform bacteria are high.

Table 4.2 Air quality in Van Mieu ward

No Parameters TCVN Value5937- 1995 29/10/2002 05/11/2002

Kl K2 Kl K21 Noise (dBA) 75 70,5 59,5 59,5 59,52 Dust (mg/m3) 0.3 0,14 0,14 0,1 0,133 SO2 (mg/m3) 0.5 0,005 0,006 0,004 0,005

The air quality results are well below the limits of the standard and air quality is notproblematic inside Van Mieu ward.

ThPrcimhpr ?001


4.3 Water and Sediment Quality in Northern Drainage Basin

Kenh Gia Canal and the Dao River

Kenh Gia is main ring canal for whole west-southern basin of Nam Dinh city.Wastewater flow i n dry s eason i s approximately 1,000 m 3/day and in rainy season isapproximately 70,200 m3 /day including wastewater and rainwater from designed rainwith return period of 10 years. A box sewer with size 2.2m x 2m is planned to beconstructed along the Ninh Binh road for drain water from Van Mieu ward to Kenh Giacanal at the Gia Bridge.

Water quality of the Kenh Gia canal at the Gia Bridge, sampling point M4 on the map inAnnex 5 and Drawing 16 is presented in table below.

4.3 Water Quality of Kenh Gia Canal at Gia Bridge on November 19, 2003

No. Parameter Unit TCVN 5942:1995 B Value (M4)Kenh Gia canal at Gia Bridge

1 pH - 5.5 -9 7.82 Suspended solid Mg/l 80 2083 Total solid Mg/l - 2284 BOD5, 20°C Mg/l < 25 28.15 NO3- Mg/l 11.66 PO4

3- Mg/i - 4.3

7 Coliform MNP/lOOml 10,000 76,000

The analysed results indicate domestic pollution. BOD concentration is a little bit overthe parameter limits of Surface Water Quality Standard Class B: water used for otherpurposes t han d omestic w ater s upply, a nd n umber o f indicator bacteria well over thelimit.

Water sample from the Dao River has been taken at distance 80m from dischargingpoint NI presented on the map in Annex 5 and Drawing 16. Discharging point of theexisting Kenh Gia to the Dao River canal is located several kilometres downstream ofthe raw water intake.

Table 4.4 Water Quality of the Dao River near Kenh Gia estuary on November 19, 2003

No. Parameter Unit TCVN 5942:1995 B Value (N])Dao River

1 PH - 5.5-9 7.82 DO mg/l > 2 8.83 COD mg/i <35 116.64 BOD5, 20°C mg/i <25 22.15 Suspended solid mg/l 80 2046 Coliformr MNP/IOOml 10.000 14,000

Compared with the limits of the Surface Water Standard Water Quality the Dao Riveralmost fulfils the class B, even the number of indicator bacteria is close to the limit.High concentration of suspended solids depends on the surrounding soil. According tothe analysed sample the concentration of dissolved oxygen is very good.

Quan Chuot Pumping Station, Sluice Way and Main Ring Canal (T3-1 1)

Main ring canal T3-1 1 receives all wastewater and rainwater from the northern basin ofthe city. Water flow in dry season is approximately 31,000m3/day and in rainy seasonapproximately 1,296,000 m3/day including wastewater and rainwater with designed rain

T)flprmher 9)nOl


return period of 10 years. Water quality of the main ring canal in August and Novemberin 2003 is presented in table below:

Table 4.5 Water Quality of the Main Ring Canal (T3-1 1)

No Parameter Un7it TCVN 5942:1995 Sampling date 27/8/2003 Sampling date 19/11/2003B Ml M2 M3 Ml M2 M3

1 PH Mg/I .5.5 - 9 7.0 7.1 6.9 7.5 7.2 7.62 DO Mg/l > 2 5.0 5.2 5.1 - - -

3 COD Mg/l < 35 307.6 192.3 230.7 - -

4 BOD520 °C Mg/l < 25 77.6 48.1 53.7 24.1 26.2 24.25 N03- mg/l - 22.4 28.0 28.0 8.2 10.5 9.76 PO4

3- mg/l 2.5 2.2 2.3 3.8 8.37 6.4

7 Total solid mg/l - - - - 198 205 2328 Coliform MNP/ 10,000 240,000 240,000 240,000 14,000 71,000 32,000

10OmlCode of samples (refer to the map in Annex 5 and Drawing 6):Ml: at the Quan Chuot pumping stationM2: at Loc Ha bridge on Phu Nghia roadM3: at Hung Vuong extension road in front of Song Hong garment factory

There are only two sets of results available and it not possible to make any long-termcomparison. It rained heavily two days before the sampling in August and it rained alsoduring the sampling. Heavy rain might have flushed polluting substances to the canaland/or mixed the bottom sediment, which might explain why the results are worse inAugust than in November, although due to the bigger flow the dilution should be biggerin August. In November the BOD concentrations almost fulfil the limits of SurfaceWater Standard Class B. In August the concentrations are higher and especially thenumber of indicator bacteria is high.

Until now in dry season water from T3-11 canal had been discharged to the Vinh GiangRiver at Cau Oc and in rainy season water has been discharged to the Dao River at PhuLong village in My Tan commune. In future water from T3-11 canal will be dischargedto the Red River in both seasons. Water quality at the existing discharging points in theDao River (sample N5), the Red River (sample N2) and the Vinh Giang River (sampleN3) and in the Do Lake (sample N4) is presented in table below. Location of samplingpoint is presented in the map in Annex 5 and Drawing 16.

Table 4.6 Water Quality of the Recipient Rivers

No. Parameter Unit TCVN Sampling date 03-04/5/2002 Sampling date 19/11/20035942:1995A B N5 N2 N3 N4 N5 N2 N3 N4

1 PH Mg/l 6-8,5 5,5-9 7.22 7.40 - - 7.7 7.5 7.2 7.62 DO Mg/l Ž 6 > 2 9.7 8.1 - - 9.1 9.5 7.5 9.63 COD Mg/l < 10 <35 38 20 - - 40.6 33.3 132 133.34 BODs 20°C Mg/l <4 <25 25 14 - - 10.1 3.5 25.2 15.15 Suspended solid Mg/l 20 80 536 203 - - 217 215 220 1986 Coliform MNP/ 5.000 10.000 9,000 7,000 - - 7,300 7,200 7,400 76,000

1 OOml

Code of samples (refer to the map in Annex 5 and Drawing 6):N5: the Dao River at existing discharging pointN2: the Red River at proposed new discharging pointN3: the Vinh Giang River at other end of T3-11 canalN4: the Do Lake


Compared to the Surface Water Standard Water Quality of the recipient waters almostfulfils the Class B and some parameters are close even the limits of class A: surfaceused for domestic supply with appropriate treatment. The number of indicator bacteria ishigh only in the Do Lake in November. High concentration of suspended solids dependson the surrounding soil. According to the analysed sample the concentration ofdissolved oxygen is very good.

Sediment samples have been taken from T3-11 canal in August and in November 2003.There is no Vietnamese sediment quality standard, but compared with the Europeanlimits for agricultural use or landscaping the analysed lead (Pb) results are well belowthe limits 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg, respectively. The limits for nickel (Ni) are 100mg/kg and 250 mg/kg. Based on these few analysing results and land use of thesurrounding areas there is no need to request any treatment of the sludge.

Table 4.7 Sediment Quality of the Main Ring Canal (T3-11)

No. Parameter Unit ValueB I B2 B3 B3

1 Volatile solids % 85.25 88.8 95.5 4.952 Total solid % 24.16 43.1 27.7 1.963 Pb mg/kg 15.33 13.8 - 5.264 Cu mg/kg 20.76 17.6 2.65 0.005 Ni mg/kg 8.19 20.8 7.98 0.00

sampling date 19/11/2003 27/8/2003Sample code (refer to the map in Annex 5 and Drawing 16):B 1: at bridge on Hung Vuong roadB2: at bridge on Phu Nghia roadB3: at Quan Chuot pumping station

4.4 Water Quality Evaluation for Receiving Rivers

4.4.1 Introduction

The following evaluation is based on the analyses and calculations done by StanleyConsultants Inc. for the Quan Chuot Pumping Station Project including to theComponent 2.

With construction of the new Quan Chuot Pumping Station, all effluent from pumpingoperations will be discharged to the Red River. This evaluation considers the impact ofthat discharge to the receiving stream. The evaluation looks at both the dry weather andwet weather flow conditions.

This report combines the proposed operation procedures of the new Quan Chuot pumpstation with the biological characteristics of the pump station effluent and the Red Riverand the Dao River. The objective of the evaluation is to determine if there will beunacceptable e nvironmental c onsequences from d ischarging the pump station effluentinto the Red River.

4.4.2 Background

There is an existing pump station at Quan Chuot that mainly serves irrigation needs butalso has pumped flow to the Dao River during wet weather conditions. The pumpstation has 20 pumps. The total capacity of the existing pump station is about 5.5 m 3/s.During low flow periods, water is lifted from the T3-11 canal and discharged into theadjacent irrigation system, typically at a rate of less than 0.5 m3/s for one or two hours

December 2003


per day (only one or two pumps operating at any given time). During the dry season

there is no pump station discharge to the Dao River. Excess wastewater in the T3-11

canal flows away from the pump station and into the Vinh Giang River to the northwest

of the city.

During the wet weather conditions, the pump station operation changes from irrigation

purposes to meet the needs of flood drainage. All pumps operate and a 250 m channel

to the Dao River conveys the 5.5 m3/s discharge. The outfall of this channel is located

about 1,280 m upstream from the Nam Dinh City's water supply intake. During wet

weather conditions, the effluent from the existing Quan Chuot pump station is diluted

and is not considered a health risk.

The water in the T3-11 canal consists of combined wastewater and drainage flows.

Future plans call for the separation of the wastewater from the drainage flows. However

this process is probably 15 to 20 years into the future. The drainage systems in Nam

Dinh City will continue to be combined for the near term future.

A Drainage Master Plan has been prepared for the city. The plan divides the city's

drainage into two sectors, the southwest and the northeast. A new pumping station at

Quan Chuot is a primary feature of the drainage plan in the northeast sector. A

requirement of the plan is that all flows (wet and dry weather) are conveyed to the Red

River. The Master Plan consultants, Conseco, have determined that the design flow rate

for lands tributary to the pump station is 15 m 3 /s. Clearly this exceeds the capacity of

the existing pump station and a new station is required.

The new Quan Chuot pump station project consists of a new pump station constructed

adjacent to the existing facility. Each of the 15 screw type pumps will have a capacity

of 1.2 m3 /s. It is anticipated that up to 13 pumps can be in operation at any given time

with two more on standby. The new pump station will draw water directly from the T3-

11 canal. The pump station will pump all wet and dry weather flows. The pumps will

discharge into a 1,400 m channel connecting the pump station to the Red River. The

capacity of the channel is 20.5 m3 /s (15 m3 /s from the new pump station and 5.5 m3 /s

from the existing structure). The proposed discharge point for the channel is in the Red

River about 1,500 m upstream the junction with the Dao River. This junction is in turn

about 3,100 m upstream from the city's water supply intake.

4.4.3 Water Quality Data

The following water quality data has been used in the evaluation:

Parameter Red River Dao RiverRiver width 400 m average 150 m averageRiver depth Assume 2m below low water (MSL) Assume 2m below low water (MSL)Max water level +5.46 m above MSL (assume wet +4.81 m above MSL (assume wet

season flood) season flood)Average water level +1.63 m Above MSL +1.52 m Above MSLMinimum water level +0.90 m below MSL (assume dry -0.10 m below MSL (assume dry

season) season)Maximum flow 17,000 m3/s (assume wet season flood) 6,690 m3/s (assume wet season flood)Average flow 2,190 m3/s 890 m3/sMinimum flow 630 m3/s (assume dry season) 240 m3/s (assume dry season)BODs (12/22/1999) 1.6 mg/l (assume dry season) 2.6 mg/l (assume dry season)BOD5 (4/14/2000) 6.33 mg/l (assume wet season) 11 mg/I (assume wet season)BOD5 (8/2003) 18 mg/l (assume wet season) 14 mg/l (assume wet season)BOD 5 (11/2003) 10 mg/l (assume dry season) 3.5 mg/l (assume dry season)

Decemhfhr 2003


Data taken as part of the Environmental Sampling effort (11/19/2003) under the Phase1, Component 2 Nam Dinh Sub-project for the VUULP

Parameter Unit Red River Red River Dao River Dao RiverMay 2002 Nov 2003 May 2002 Nov 2003

PH 7.4 7.5 7.22 7.7DO mg/l 8.1 9.5 9.7 9.1COD mg/l 20 33.3 25 40.6BOD5 ( 20degC mg/l 14 3.5 38 10.1Suspended Solids mg/I 203 215 536 217Coliform MNP/ 7,000 7,200 9,000 7,300

1 OOml

The data for the T3-11 canal (Quan Chuot pump station effluent) is:

Parameter Unit T3-11 Canal T3-11 CanalAug 2003 Nov 2003

Flow m3/day 1,296,000 31,000m3/s 15 0.36

pH 7.0 7.5DO mg/l 8.1 --

COD mg/l 308 --

BOD5 ( 20degC mg/l 78 24Total Solids mg/l -- 198Coliform MNP/lOOml 240,000 14,000NO3 mg/l 22 8.2P04

3 mg/l 2.5 3.8

Input Data Used for this Evaluation

Parameter Unit Red River Dao River Pump Station EffluentWet Weather FlowRiver Width m 400 150 ---River Elevation(l) m +1.63 +1.52 ---River Depth(2) m 3.63 3.52 ---Cross Section Area(3) m2 1450 530 ---River Flow(l) m3 /s 2,190 890 20.5("IFlow Velocity( 4) m/s 2.6 1.7DO mg/l 10 9 0COD mg/l 35 40 0BOD5 ( 20degC mg/l 4 10 25Coliform MNP/lOOml 7,200 7,300 14,000

Dry Weather FlowRiver Width m 400 150 ---River Elevation(5 ) m +0.90 -0.10River Depth(2) m 2.90 1.90 ---Cross Section Area(3) m2 1,160 285 ---River Flow(5) m3/s 630 240 2.4"Flow Velocity( 4 ) m/s 0.5 0.8 ---DO mg/l 8 10 8COD mg/l 20 25 310BOD 5 ( 20degC mg/l 15 38 80Coliform MNP/IOOml 7,000 9,000 240,000

Notes:1. For wet weather condition, assume critical point occurs when receiving rivers are at average elevation and average flow

values.2. Assume river bottom at elevation -2.0 m MSL3. Assume area equals Width x Depth4. Velocity equals Flow-Q/Area

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5. For dry weather condition, assume critical point occurs when receiving rivers are at minimum elevation and minimumflow values.

6. Assu,nes both the existing and new Quan Chuot pump stations are operating simultaneously.7. Assume two pumps operating simultaneously. It is possible that an unusual storm event in the immediate vicinity of

Nam Dinh would result in all 15 pumps operating during dry weather conditions. however, all pollutants would begreatly diluted in the pump station effluent and this is not considered as a critical environmental condition.

4.4.4 Dilution Analysis

The capacity of a river to assimilate pollutants depends of two factors, dilution andbiological processes. This analysis will look at both processes.

The degree of dilution is largely dependent on the direct ratio of the flow rate in thereceiving stream and in the source stream. For example, if the flow rate in the sourcestream 10 m 3/s and the receiving stream is 100 m3 /s, and the Dissolved Oxygen (DO)concentration in the source stream is 2 mg/l and in the receiving stream is 8 mg/l, thenthe DO concentration in the mixed flows is:

10 m3 /s x 2 mg/l + 100 m3 /s x 8 mg/l = 820 m3 /s - mg/l = 7.45 mg/l10m 3 /s + 100 m 3 /s 1 10 m 3 /s

This example assumes fully mixed flow, which typically occurs about 8 channel widthlengths downstream from a source that is entering from one bank. The width of the RedRiver averages about 400 m in the reach near the branch with the Dao River. Thereforeit will take about 3,200 m for the source flow to be fully mixed with the Red River flow.The branch with the Dao River is only about 1,500 m downstream from the proposedQuan Chuot pump station discharge and is therefore not fully dispersed or mixed.Mixing will only extend about 175 m from the west bank at the point of the Dao Riverjunction. Only about 45% of the Red River flow is involved in mixing at the junction or1,700 m 3 /s for wet weather flow and 200 m 3 /s for dry weather flow. The calculatedconcentrations of the pollutants dispersed from the source point of the proposed QuanChuot pump station outfall to the junction with the Dao River is:

Parameter Unit Red River Red River Wet Red River Dry Red River DryWet Weather Weather At Dao Weather Before Weather At DaoBefore Junction After Mixing Junction AfterMixing Mixing Mixing

DO mg/l 10.0 9.8 8.0 8.0COD mg/l 35 34 20 22BOD5 ( 20degC mg/l 4.0 4.4 15 16Coliform MNP/ l00ml 7,200 7,400 7,000 8,960

It can bee seen from the table for the Red River that there is negligible impact from theinjection of the Quan Chuot effluent into the flow. The critical factor is the level ofDissolved Oxygen (DO). There is only a 0.2 mg/l drop on the value for wet weatherflow. This is computationally negligible. It should also be noted that the maximumvalue for DO in any river is about 10.2 mg/l. With measured values between 8 and 10mg/l, the Red River must be considered a very healthy river and in the injection of theQuan Chuot flow does not deteriorate this healthy state.

As with the Red River results, in general, the baseline water quality relative to DO isexcellent and remains so after the addition of the pump station effluent. There is a 20%rise in COD and a 47% rise in Coliform. These rising values are acceptable and of nospecial concern.

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The results given are very positive relative to the construction of the new pump stationeffluent discharge at Quan Chuot. However, the data should be considered with somereservations. The DO levels the Red River dry season and the Dao River all conditionsmay be considered higher than expected. Given that both rivers are relatively slowmoving and have relatively warm water, the DO values exceed saturation values ofoxygen in water at the temperatures experienced. For example, for water at 20 degreesC, the saturation value for oxygen in water is 9.07 mg/l.

4.4.5 Biological Processes

Rivers have the ability to clean themselves through the action of living organisms thateat the biological matter and through sedimentation. This process can be quantified andis based on the rate of recovery of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) levels in the river after waterwith low DO levels and higher BOD levels has been introduced. For both the Red andDao Rivers, it can be calculated that the recovery time is in the order of 2 days. Withflow velocities in the rivers estimated at about 2 m/s during the wet season and 0.6 m/sduring the dry season, it can be shown that an element of river water could travelbetween 50 and 170 km downstream on both the Red River and the Dao River in a 2-day period. Clearly the element of river water will be in the Gulf of Tonkin before thenatural treatment process is complete. The benefits of natural treatment should not beconsidered in any evaluation of the proposed Quan Chuot project.

4.4.6 Conclusions

Both the data and the analysis of the effects of dilution and dispersion indicate that it issafe to discharge Quan Chuot pump station effluent into the Red River approximately1,500 m upstream from the beginning of the Dao River. The analysis shows that thereare no significant impacts on the environmental quality of the Dao River water in thevicinity of the existing Nam Dinh City water supply intake. Special engineeringmeasures at the pump station outfall, such as a diffuser outlet across the Red Riverbottom are not required.

It has been noted that the water quality data for both the Red and Dao Rivers indicatesthat t he rivers are h ealthy and w ill c ontinue to b e s o a fter the p roposed Q uan Chuotpump station project is implemented.

Initial indications are that the discharge of effluent through Main Ring Canal (T3-1 1)canal will have no significant effect on the Red River water quality and will not causeproblems at the water treatment works. However, as a part of the detailed design moredetailed water quality modelling is recommended to determine the impact to ensuremore effective dilution and assimilation.

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5 INFRASTRUCTURE IN PROJECT AREA IN VAN MIEU WARD5.1 Socio-economic survey in low-income residential areas in Van Mieu ward

Van Mieu ward is located at west-southern part of the Nam Dinh City and there is VuBan road in the north, Ninh Binh road in the south, the railway in the east and rice fieldsof Loc Hoa commune in the west. The total area is 37.7 ha. The total number ofhouseholds in Van Mieu ward is 2,797 of which 353 households were interviewed forthe needs of the socio-economic survey. The sampling was done randomly. Theconsultants coordinated with the ward leadership the selection of enumerators, andsupervised the works.

The m ore d etailed i nformation i s p resented i n R eport o n Socio-economical survey inVan Mieu low-income area of Nam Dinh City, Annex 3 of VUUP Nam Dinh Sub-Project Report on Feasibility Study, June 2003.

5.2 Population and Socio-economic Situation

Population

For VUUP Nam Dinh Sub-Project include 34 groups having 2,797 households and12,186 people. The basic information is as follows:

- 4.0 people/household- 49.6% of male and 50.4% of female- 24.1% of people are under age 18; 53.9% of people are in working age (18 to 55 for

female and 18 to 60 male); and 21.8% of people are retired (above 55 for female andabove 60 for male)

- 96.8% of people have official registration status (KT1); 2.7% of people living inlocal area with legal registration status in other area within Nam Dinh City (KT2);0.2% of people have official registration status but not permanent resident in thelocal area (KT3); and 0.3% of people are immigrants without legal registration status

- Population growth levels were: 1.5% in 1999, 1.25% in 2000 and 1.2% in 2001.

Occupation

According to the social-economic survey result the occupation of residents in Van Mieuward in low-income residential area is as follows:

People in working age having regular job (60.6%) People in working age without regular job (39.4%)Worker: 25% Worker: 8.4%Office staff: 11.3% Dealer: 4.2%Dealer: 8% Unskilled: 80.1%Services: 37% Student: 7.3%Others: 18.7%

Household Income

According to the socio-economic survey average monthly income of the interviewedpeople was 352,600 VND. This is relatively low income for the living standard in urbanarea. However, prices in Nam Dinh City are relatively lower than that in other cities,therefore, with this average income, the basic demand of people can be insured.However, big families and the labourers, who have lower income than the average, haveserious economical difficulties. Monthly income varied from 200,000 - 600,000 VNDwith average of 400,000 VND. Only few people had income higher than 600,000 VND.

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When dividing income into four groups, it can be noticed that the group with averageincome (200,000 - 500,000 VND) accounts for the highest percentage (78,5%). Thegroup with high income accounts for very low percentage (0,6%).

Table 5.1 Average monthly income by groups of households

Income group Frequency %Very low Under 500.000 VND 51 14.4Low 500.000 - l.000.000VND 204 57.8Medium 1.000.000- 1.500.000VND 62 17.6High 1.500.000 - 2.000.OO0VND 27 7.6Very high Above 2.000.OO0VND 9 2.6

Total 353 100

The total income of the household in the month can be divided into 5 group withaverage number of 4 persons in a household. This result shows that the number ofhouseholds in the group with very low and low income accounts for 72,2%.

Household Expenditures

The level and objective of household expenses can be calculated using mean to rankpayment priorities of the households. Food and drink is the highest expense ofhouseholds according to the survey. The second highest expense is children's schoolfees. Expense for food and drink per a member of the household would be 153,000VND p er m onth equivalent to 5 ,000 V ND p er day. With such "living standard" it isrequired to be tactful to have a meal with sufficient nutrition.

Expenses for services such as electricity, water, solid waste collection, housing rental,check-up and treatment, entertainment etc. count a large part of total income of thehousehold.

Table 5.2 Expense structure of low-income household per month

Payment for Number of household Average (VND) RankFood and drink 353 611,000 1Education 353 113,000 2The other 351 64,200 3Electricity 353 46,300 4Healthcare 353 42,600 5Transportation 353 19,800 6Water 353 15,900 7Entertainment 353 3,920 8Garbage and wastewater 353 3,520 9House rent 353 1,950 10

The comparison between the average level of expense for some main payments and theaverage income level of the household shows that with such income, households cannotbe affordable for minimum demands. Most probably all income sources were notdeclared in the survey. In addition there would be some irregular income andinterviewed did not inform all income sources but, only from the main occupation.

Allocation of expenses is not remarkably different from other residential areas(especially in residential areas with higher living standard compared to that in NamDinh) only a little difference is that the level of expense for each payment is usuallylower.

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Housing condition

In Van Mieu ward the low-income people basically have own houses. The average areaof each household is 29.8m2 /household (7.5m2 /person). However, 72.5% of householdshave area less than the average area. The average land of households is about

* ~~~~~~2254.87m /household (13.7m2/person). 37.1% of households have solid houses (overClass 3); 52.7% have semi-solid houses (Class 4); 2.8% have wooden houses and 7.4%have the temporary houses.

According to the survey result none of the interviewed households had security oftenure on house ownership and land use right. 352 houses (12.8%) have beenconstructed according to communes /or ward authorities permission. 135 houses (6%)have been constructed according to province/ or city authorities permission. 339 houses(12.3%) have been constructed according to transferred house contract. 7 households(0.25%) have shared-houses.

Environment and health

The most common environmental problems are as follows:

- Public toilet 63.2%- Smock 40.5%- Flooding 34.3%- Solid waste 23.8%- Noise 19.3%

According to the survey results during the last two weeks before the survey 270 peoplehad problems with health and they have been sick on average two days and used 42,000VND/day for medical treatment.

Education

The most common education level is junior secondary. 7.34% of residents haveuniversity I evel a nd p ost g raduation e ducation; 0.44% h ave h igh s chool level; 31.2%have senior secondary school level; 40% have junior secondary school level; 11.5%have primary school level and 9.26% have under primary school level education.

In Van Mieu ward there is Tran Van Lan primary school, which size is about 2,100m2

including 17 class rooms and 780 pupils divided into 21 classes. The building is a three-storey and six rooms are used as staff rooms and some other classrooms. The otherclassrooms are located in Class 4 houses built long ago.

The Van Mieu kindergarten has a size of 200 m2 , there are 17 rooms, of which 11 classrooms, 4 working rooms and two refectories with 350-450 small children and 33teachers. The school was constructed in 1965, it is a Class 4 house and it is seriouslydamaged. The floor is on lower level than surrounding area and during the rain thehouse is flooded. The flood can last an hour and the water level inside the house mightbe 0.4-0.5m. Besides that the roof is leaking.

The Huong Duong kindergarten was constructed in 1978. The Class 4 house size is 700m2, there are five rooms for 100-130 small children and 10 teachers. At present allclassrooms are degraded and due to low levelling the house is flooded during rain.

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5.3 Conditions of Tertiary Infrastructure

Roads

According to the statistic data 23.8% of households are located next to the road widerthan 5m; 17.8% of households are located next to 2-5m wide road; and 58.4% ofhouseholds are located next to the under 2 m wide road. Most the lanes are narroweddue to expanding of the construction on both sides of the lanes. The narrow roads andlanes make for the poor more difficult to access with job opportunities; and increasesinsecurity of households living in the area. Ambulance, fire engines or any big vehiclecannot reach the households along narrow lanes.

Main roads have macadam surface mixed with bitumen. Due to limited budget thequality of road surface is seriously degraded and in many places there are big holes fullof water. All access roads are under management of community and the main roads areunder management of city government.

Clean water

Earlier the clean water was an urgent demand in this area, but from the end of the 2002the Nam Dinh Water Supply Company has constructed and installed water supplynetwork serving all households. The price of house connection is 1,100,000 - 1,500,000VND for the households without water contract and 550,000 - 650,000 VND forhouseholds who have water contract with the company. In May 2003 97.3% ofhouseholds (2,722 households from total 2,797) had house connection with water meter.The water supply network is connected to the newly installed distribution network andthe service quality is quite high. The people have water supply forl2 hours/day with thepressure up to 10- 15m.

Drainage and public toilets

The project area has a slope from North-east to South-west (the average slope is about0.0015) and the elevation is about 0.2-0.5m lower then roads. Therefore, during heavyrains the project area is flooded. Drainage system is inadequate and seriously degraded,which causes flood in the area. According to the result of investigation the floods arecommon in residential areas 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12. Depth of flood is typically 20-50cm and itlasts 2-3 hours. Community takes care of the maintenance of branch sewers and mainsewers are under management of Nam Dinh Public Works Company.

There are three public toilets at the areas 1, 6 and 11 with total 70 compartments. Theyare old and seriously degraded bucket latrines. The walls and roofs are decayed, thereare no doors and they are flooded during rain. However, approximately 600 householdshave to use these public toilets because lack of space and funds they cannot constructtheir own toilet. Most of public toilets are abundant and cause serious pollution for thesurrounding environment. All public toilets are recently taken under management ofward governmnent.

Power supply

The power supply is from low voltage single-phase 220V, 50Hz electricity system fromthe city electricity network through transformner sub-stations including: 6 sub-stationcapacity 32OkVA-6/0.4kV; 3 sub-station capacity 25OkVA-6/0.4kV. The Nam DinhElectricity Company will upgrade these sub-stations in the near future by installing anunderground high voltage line 22kV replacing the existing overhanging 6kV.

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All interviewed households have electricity supply from the transformer sub-stationsthrough low voltage power line of PVC covered aluminium core hanging on reinforcedconcrete e lectric p oles v ia p ower c ounter. T he electric counter is installed in steel orcomposite box and fixed on the poles for easily checking and maintenance. Power linefrom counter to the house is mainly PVC covered copper core. Power supply is stableand free of interruption. There is no need to improve the power supply system inVUWP. During the project implementation some work required for relocation of theexisting electric pole or line and reconnection will be allocated as compensation forexisting property.

Public lighting

There is public lighting system in the project area only along the main road lines. Thehigh-pressure vapour 150 - 250w mercury lamps are used. Installation is on the lowvoltage poles made by reinforced concrete. Urban Works Company should take care ofupgrading, improvement and maintenance of this lighting system, but due to the limitedfunds the maintenance is not constant and many lamps are broken several monthswithout being replaced. There is no street lighting along the lanes in inhabitant areas,yet. Management and operation of public lighting system is under Nam Dinh PublicWork Company.

Solid waste collection and treatment

Most inhabitants in the project area have solid waste collection. The monthly service feeis 3,000 VND/household and collected by Urban Environmental Company (URENCO).7% of households do not have collection, but these households throw their garbage intoponds and lakes near their home. The solid waste is collected to pushcarts, which arebrought to certain places along the roads; loads are emptied to lorries and transported tothe landfill. There are no proper transfer stations and gathering of several pushcartscause traffic jam and environmental pollution on the surrounding area. The Nam DinhUrban Environment Company (URENCO) is responsible for solid waste collection,transportation and disposal.

Health care

In Van Mieu area there is a ward health station with the basic functions to take care ofthe people's health. The health station is a two-stories house with the area of each floorabout 24m2 , including a small room for family planning. There are two doctors and oneassistant. Two doctors from municipal health centre would support the station whenneeded. Due to the limited area, the health station does not have capacity to fulfil theneed of population, especially when according to new regulation, the station has takecare for people having medical insurance.The ward health station is under managementof the city municipal medical centre.

Market

There is one temporary market on the road B-C. This is a spontaneous market withoutany infrastructure and it has serious impact on traffic and environment. The market isunder management of local ward government.

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5.4 Primary and Secondary Infrastructure in Van Mieu

Urban roads

Van Mieu ward is located in the South-west of the city and all urban roads from CityCentre, such as Ninh Binh road and Vu Ban road, go through the ward connecting to thenational highway No.10. Giai Phong road, which also crosses the ward, functions as cityboundary coinecting North of national highway No. 21 and South of the City. Trafficsystem level 1 and 2 of the ward plays a very important role in external traffic system ofthe city.

Ninh Binh road (old national highway No. 10 crossing the ward) is 7.5m wide with+2.50m average elevation. There are no pavements and drainage system. The surface ofthe road is seriously degraded and there are big holes impacting on traffic safety.

Vu Ban road (the section of national road No. 12 going through the ward) is 6.5m wideand partly has 3-5m wide pavement on both sides. However, only the section locatedwithin the ward's boundary has pavement and the remaining pavement has not beenconstructed. There is no drainage system. Elevation is changing from area to area: from+3.30m at the point crossing railway, +3.10m at the point crossing Giai Phong road,+2.80m at the point turning to My commune, +3.00m at the point in front of Ngo Quyensecondary school gate and then lowering in Kenh Gia channel direction with elevationof +2.10m. All of this cause local floods at low points during rain. During the survey,when it was raining hard during 20 minutes, this road section was flooded in length of0.5km and width 0.4 - 0.5m. The flood lasted for two hours.

Giai Phong road going though the ward has average elevation of +3.10m, total width is28m, of which 14m for surface and 7m for pavement on both sides. There is no drainagesystem along the road. The residents have illegally occupied defined right-of-way andland acquisition has not been implemented.

Water supply

Nam Dinh Water Supply Company has already constructed transmission anddistribution network in this area. To the network includes DN 300 pipe along Ninh Binhroad, DN 250 pipe along Vu Ban and DN 300 pipe along Giai Phong road. Financingfor the investment is a loan from the French government and Vietnamese counterpartfunding. All pipes are ductile iron with rubber joints imported from France and thequality is high. Any fuither investment and improvement of clean water supply systemin this project is not needed. Cost of moving or re-installing some parts of these pipesduring implementing infrastructure improvement of concerning item will be consideredas reimbursement amount for Nam Dinh Water Supply Company.

Drainage

Van Mieu ward is located in downstream of South-West City drainage basin and thereare no main culverts going through the area. The main drainage pipes of the whole areaare box culverts constructed from brick and reinforced concrete boards covered withdimension B x H = 1.2m x 1.Om flowing through ditches to the Kenh Gia channel. NamDinh Urban Development Project constructed these box culverts in 2000 as a part tostrengthen drainage capacity in the area, but due to the design the culverts were blockedand the sediment in the culverts reduced the flow.

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6 ALTERNATIVES OF THE PROJECT

6.1 Without the Project Situation

If the upgrading of tertiary infrastructure in the low-income areas will not beimplemented deterioration of the structures will continue and even speed up causingmore serious problems for water supply, drainage and traffic; and hinders for economicdevelopment of the area. Living conditions of the people are already now almostunbearable and the situation will become worse if no improvement will happen.

Lack of proper drainage decrease the health situation continuously, but especiallyduring f looding w hen t here i s w ater a lso i nside t he h ouses a nd w astewater a nd s olidwaste from alleys is floating into the houses.

Small alleys cause traffic jams and increase the risk of accidents. Slow and congestedtraffic decrease the air pollution. For the time being there is no place for ambulances orfire engines or any bigger maintenance vehicle. Narrow alley system hinders seriouslyeconomic improvement of the area.

Lack of proper street lighting makes area unsafe especially for women and children andincrease the possibility of crime and social evils.

The w orks i ncluding t o the primary and secondary infrastructure are essential for theimprovement of Van Mieu ward and are related to the bypassing traffic of the NamDinh City.

If project is not implemented it would be very difficult to reach the targets mentioned inthe City Master Plan and Van Mieu ward detailed planning; and improve directly theliving conditions of all citizens of Van Mieu ward and indirectly the citizens of NamDinh City.

Implementation of the resettlement site is the condition for the implementation of theproject.

6.2 Selection of the Alternatives of Component 1

Based on the community requirements mentioned in the socio-economic survey andfound out during the preparation of community upgrading plans, the consultant preparedseveral upgrading options with different investment cost, service level and differentinfluences for community consideration and selection.

The options were selected for upgrading tertiary infrastructure in Van Mieu wardincluding: 1) Main roads in residential area (width 3.5 - 5 m); 2) Access roads andalleys; 3) Ground levelling to prevent flooding; 4) Branch sewer along access roads andalleys; 5) Main drains along the main roads; 6) Public lighting; 7) Public toilet; and 8)Solid waste transfer stations. Options for upgrading primary and secondaryinfrastructure in Van Mieu ward include 9) Roads and 10) Drainage along the roads.

During the surveys it was noticed that over 97 % of the households already had watersupply through house connections and there is no further need to improve the watersupply. The power supply system has also been improved and all the households haveelectricity. Nam Dinh Urban Development Project has improved and will improve the

December 2003


main drainage system in Van Mieu ward and in VUUP Nam Dinh Sub-project can beconcentrated on the construction of drains along the lanes. Nam Dinh City People'sCommittee has decided (Decision No. 1660/2002/QD-UB dated 9/7/2002) thatkindergartens and primary school will be improved in the other projects.

After discussion in communities the most suitable options for the needs of communitywere selected to be included and to be implemented in the project. The detailed optionsand technical solutions are presented in Community Upgrading Plan and Report onFeasibility Study. The decision making process in community is presented in Chapter12 of this report.

The revised Nam Dinh City Master Plan up to year 2020 requires that the Nam DinhCity must become central city for whole South-eastern part of the Red River delta. Toimplement the City Master Plan the city must mobilize all investment sources forupgrading the urban infrastructure and developing socio-economical conditions. Theweakest p oints i n u rban i nfrastructure a nd s ocio-economical conditions of Nam DinhCity are concentrated in low-income areas. The concrete steps to implement City MasterPlan are investment for upgrading infrastructure in low-income areas to improve livingconditions of local people, minimize gap in living conditions between different areas ofthe city and increasingly improve living condition of whole city.

Van Mieu ward is defined in City Master Plan as residential area to be improved fromthe existing situation. Therefore investment for upgrading infrastructure in this area isaccording to the City Master Plan.

6.3 Selection of Alternatives of Component 2

Construction of primary and secondary infrastructure i s according t o the C ity M asterPlan and Drainage Master Plan. Technical alternatives have been discussed in theFeasibility Study Report of Construction of Drainage Pumping S tation, 0 utlet S luiceWay and Main Ring Canal for North Basin of Nam Dinh City. It has been decided thatdischarge from the Main Ring Canal would be done to the Red River to protect the rawwater intake in the Dao River.

6.4 Selection of the Alternatives of Component 3

Land is at a premium in Vietnam's cities and generally it is difficult to find sufficientarea that meets the requirement of being reasonably close to the original locations ofproject affected households and also close to a source of employment. The site selectedcauses no serious environmental impacts.

According to the announcement of Nam Dinh Province People's Committee on thelocation of resettlement area for WB project in Nam Dinh City is based on:

- Proposal of Nam Dinh City People's Committee in Document number 186-187/VP5dated 27 March 2003

- Proposal of Department of construction in Document No. 29/SXD-QH dated 2 April2003

People's committee announce that WB PMU- Nam Dinh City is allowed to survey andstart procedure for resettlement investment. Location of resettlement area is Tram Caarea in Van Mieu ward and Loc An commune in Nam Dinh City. The available area isin Van Mieu ward 15,000m2 and in Bai Vien area 59,000m2.

December 2003


Based on the approval WB PMU - Nam Dinh City will contact local authorities to makeprocedures on withdrawing, delivering, changing use of land, compensating property onland and organizing construction according to the scale of the approval project.

The principle is that households to be resettled will get plot of land with the equal areacompared to the old one but not smaller than 40m2 and not bigger than 60m2 (onaverage 48m2/land). Households whose withdrawn land is bigger than supplied one atthe resettlement area will be compensated in cash for the rest area. Households whosewithdrawn land is smaller than supplied one at the resettlement area will have to pay forthe additional area. Households to be resettled will receive allowance for removal,reward for on time removal and support for effects on employment and income due tosuch removal. Households whose partial land and house are withdrawn but they havenot to remove, will be compensated in cash for such withdrawn house, land and otherrelated asset as well as supported for restoration.

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7 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS

7.1 Introduction

Impacts of the project are presented in three levels. The first part is generic impacts fortertiary infrastructure and primary and secondary (trunk) infrastructure. The second partis c ity-specific impacts for Nam Dinh and the third part describes the impacts of theresettlement sites.

7.2 Generic Environmental Impacts of Component 1 and Component 2

Existing e nvironmental conditions fail to achieve the environmental quality standardsrequired b y t he G overnment p olicy a nd 1 egislation. I n o rder to achieve the long-termbenefits, the project is expected to generate short-term adverse impacts, particularlyduring the construction stage due to the proposed scale of the interventions. However,the majority of adverse construction phase impacts can be mitigated through:

- The incorporation of appropriate contract conditions that define operating proceduresto be adopted by contractors

- Maintaining an effective consultation process that ensures effective participation ofcommunity (primary stakeholder) level in implementing the CommunityEnvironmental Management Plan (CEMP) and Environmental Management Plan(EMP)

- Ensuring the project management framework provides coherent decision makingabout defined actions in the event of non-compliance

In Nam Dinh City, as well as in other cities, the urban poor are usually living in low-income area where infrastructure is degraded and environment polluted. These factorscomplicate to get good and permanent job and lead easily to employment. Because thepoor have low income level they cannot afford to improve infrastructure and livingconditions themselves. T his c auses t hat t he l iving c ondition o f t he p oor w ill d egradeeven more and the vicious circle is difficult to break.

Upgrading of tertiary infrastructure will reduce poverty in the low-income areas byimproving infrastructure and basic services and thus providing better environment,scenery and health for the poor people.

Potentially adverse environmental impacts are associated predominantly with theconstruction phase of the proposed project. General construction related impacts wouldbe mitigated through measures defined under the EMP and CEMPs.

Almost 12,200 residents in Van Mieu ward can get direct socio-economic andenvironmental benefits through provision of public utilities, services and infrastructure.The n umber o f i ndirect b eneficiaries i n t he s urrounding a reas c an be estimated to beseveral thousands.

Environmental impact matrixes for each component are presented in Annex 6 in Tables6.1 -6.9.

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Table 7.1 Generic Environmental Impacts of Tertiary and Trunk Infrastructure duringConstruction and Operation

Component ImpactsPositive Negative

Tertiary InfrastructureRoad Access to houses will be improved Traffic will increase and therefore amount of air emissions,

and more possibilities for small-scale noise and traffic jams will be increased due to materialbusiness transportation for upgrading roads.

During operation, probably traffic will increase and thereforeBottlenecks in traffic will be amount of air emissions, noise will be increased.decreased and traffic will flowsmoothly.

Street lighting There will be improvement of Dust and noise will increase slightly during constructionsecurity and safety situation anddecrease of accidents due to thebetter lighting during evening andnightAccident caused by illegalconnections will be reduced.

Water Supply Hygienic and environmental Dust, noise will be increased during construction because ofconditions will be improved transportation of material, filling, road excavation for water pipe

installationHousehold connections will reduce Amount of wastewater increases due to increased use of cleanthe workload of women and children water

Sewerage and . . Traffic will increase and therefore amount of air emissions,Drainage from residential areas along the lanes noise and traffic jams will be increased due to material

and construction of main culverts transportation to install drainage pipes.along the roads will reduce the Flow of wastewater and drainage water can be blocked duringflooding and improve remarkably the construction and may cause flood during constructionliving conditions, and hygienic and Although the pollution load will remain about the same thehealving uatidton and peo le c living nextwater pollution will probably increase locally in discharginghealth situation of people living next oitto the roads in Van Mieu ward. P

Solid Waste Hygienic and environmental Possible emission of methane near transfer stationsCollection conditions will be improved on site Permanent impact on the vicinity of collection sites due to theand Public increase of traffic. Possible foul odour and increase of insects,Toilets rats and vermin.Social Works Overall improvement of social Short-term noise associated with construction works. Short-term

infrastructure of the area. noise effect in populated areas.Increase of traffic around the facilitiesImpact to environment from toilets and waste container nearnew works

Trunk InfrastructureDrainage Overall improvement of drainage Inconvenience durign dredging and transportation of materials.

system due to the decrease of Possible foul odour from sediment to surrounding area and areaflooding. along the transportation road during dredging and transportation

Possible odour and leachate from disposal siteHygienic and environmental Amount of wastewater increases due to upgrading of tertiaryconditions will be improved infrastructure

The gathering of large number of manpower for constructioncould cause some impacts on the life and surroundingenvironment at the construction sites. In already denselypopulated areas this would increase traffic problems, chaoticsecurity and generation of new type of wastes especially at thesites where the workers are concentrated.During the construction there will be impacts on the social lifeand quality of life such as interruption of business, traffic jam,loss of children's playground in alleys, labour accidents, effectsto daily activities due to the house demolition or repair andsuspension of water supply, drainage and power system

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Road Access to houses will be improved Due to material transportation for road upgrading, mostand there will be more possibilities probably traffic will increase and therefore amount of airfor small-scale business. emissions, noise and traffic jams will be increased duringTraffic jams will decrease construction.

Probably traffic will increase and therefore amount of airemissions, noise will be increased during operation

Street Improvement of security and safety Dust and noise will increase during construction timeLighting situation and decrease of accidents

due to the better lighting duringevening and night

On the proposed area for Van Mieu recreational lake are for the time being some fishponds, which will be excavated and extended to the Van Mieu Lake and embankmentand service road will be constructed around the proposed lake (Drawing 7). It isestimated that more than 8,000 m3 of material will be excavated. During the siteclearance and construction of possible access road there will be temporary butpermanent impact on the surroundings. During the construction the traffic will increasedue to the transportation of the excavated material. The excavation will changetemporarily the aquatic environment, but there are no endangered species in the area tobe protected. The use of existing will be not possible any more and this will havepermanent impact on the business of users of existing fishponds.

The construction of recreational area will change the land use and landscape on theproposed area, and people who are using fish ponds have to find other ponds or changetheir profession. The traffic in the area will increase.

However, the positive impacts of the proposed recreational area can be estimated biggerthan negative impacts, because Van Mieu ward is lacking this kind of area. The area isneeded especially for the recreation for all inhabitants, but especially old people andchildren need a place near their home. Service road along the lake will provide good andsafe walking route especially for women. If the water quality of the lake can be keptgood enough, it will increase the possibility to grow fishes for recreational fishing andalso improve the otherwise low biodiversity of the area.

The area needs proper management and operation and maintenance, otherwise it will besoon turn out to be gathering place for unreliable persons. Very special attention has tobe paid to the cleanliness of the area and solid waste management. Circulation of thewater has to be arranged otherwise the water will be soon stinky and unattractive

7.3 Environmental Impacts of Component 2: Primary and Secondary Infrastructure

In addition to the above generic impacts in this section are collected impacts, which arespecific primary and secondary infrastructure in Nam Dinh during construction andoperation.


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Table 7.2 Environmental Impacts of Trunk Infrastructure during Construction andOperation

Component Impacts during ConstructionDrainage Construction of Quan Chout pump station will have temporary impacts during construction.

The biggest impacts are related to the construction to the new sluice from the Quan Choutpump station to the Red River through mostly agricultural area and dredging of the Main RingCanal. Transportation of excavated and dredged material will cause inconvenience along thetransportation routes.

Total volume of the excavated and dredged material from the Main Ring Canal is estimated tobe 106,400 m3 of which 27,500 m3 dredged sludge will be transported to the Nam Van disposalsite for cover material. According to the available analysis there are no high concentration ofheavy metals and there is no need of treament of sludge. The exavated material can be used ason-site construction material.

Discharge through Quan Chuot pumping station and new sluice to the Red River will decreasepollution risk to the raw water intake along the Dao River, but will have only negligible impacton the water quality of the Red River due to the high dilution capacity. According to thepreliminary dilution calculations the increase of the pollution risk of the Red River is not verybig.

Roads and Excavating and levelling, material and waste handling, mobilisation of machines, equipmentbridges and workers during work execution period also causes many adverse impacts. Transportation

means will cause pollution such as noise, vibration, fume, dust, and oil and if there are no tightmeasures of management, many accidents may occur. Material mobilisation may result intraffic jam and low hygiene conditions in some areas if mitigation measures are not followed.

Street See generic impactsLighting

Impacts during OperationDrainage Upgrading of the two main drainage canal of city (T3-11 canal and Kenh Gia canal) increases

the wastewater flow and thus increasing slightly the risk of water pollution in the recipientwater body. However, the total pollution load will not be increased.

Roads and Upgrading of Giai Phong road will divide the traffic flow of the city and reduce trafficbridges congestion. At the same time with the upgrading of the main roads construction of drainage

systems will increase drainage capacity and reduce flooding along the roads and inside the VanMieu ward.

7.4 Environmental Impacts of Component 3: Resettlement Housing

Design Phase

Selection the location of needed resettlement site is always complicated, because in thedensely populated areas there is no vacant and uninhabited area available. Thereforelocation of resettlement site is always a compromise and usually causes an additionalneed of resettlement of the people who live in the proposed area. Land use and existingactivities in the surrounding areas have to be considered, too.

The design options will have impacts on drying and possible excavation of existingfishponds, soil subsidence, drainage and hydraulic capacity of the drainage system.

Construction Phase

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Construction of infrastructure and houses at large resettlement site will cause temporary,but reasonable long-lasting inconvenience to the surroundings. Especially the amount oftraffic will increase remarkably during the whole construction period and the existingroad to the proposed site.is not wide enough for transportation during construction andoperation. Construction will also cause temporary noise problems in the tranquilagriculture areas.

Site clearance, drying, levelling and construction of the proposed area will totallychange the land use and landscape of the proposed area. Existing fishponds andagricultural area will be changed to the semi-urban living area, which will have impactsalso on the existing surrounding living areas. Drying of fishponds might have impactson hydraulic capacity of the drainage system, and in the worst case increase flooding, ifnot done in the proper way according to the appropriate design.

Construction of infrastructure and houses at large resettlement site will cause temporary,but reasonable long-lasting inconvenience to the surroundings. Especially the amount oftraffic will increase remarkably during the whole construction period and the existingroad to the proposed site is not wide enough for transportation during construction andoperation. Construction will also cause temporary noise problems in the tranquil sub-urban area.

Large construction works needs a big number of workers, which might cause temporaryinconvenience and decrease of security in the area. On the other hand to providedifferent kind of services to the workers increase the possibility for small business i.e.food-stalls, cafes etc.

Operation Phase

During the operation the resettlement site causes the same type of impacts than anyother living area. High density of population, construction and living activities ofresidents in resettlement site will affect originally tranquil sub-urban area. Opendrainage channel next to the resettlement site can cause inconvenience to the people.

The new resettlement site, which is including needed infrastructure improve remarkablythe living standard of the people, improve hygienic and health and stabilize people's lifeby creating job and improving their economy. New and unfamiliar living environmentmight cause social problems especially for low-income households, because they need moresupport from neighbours and communities than wealthier households. Children have to goto new schools and if children go to school in resettlement area, they might haveproblems with new teachers and classmates. If the resettlement areas are far fromschools, parents have to spend plenty of time to escort their children and this will affecttheir work.

The relocation will also cause some troubles in administrative transactions for habitants.In the old and familiar places, though being temporary residents, application forcertification of background i.e. for job application, marriage registration, etc. was easy,but in new places, it takes time for people to learn to know local authorities. Centralizedresettlement areas may cause extra load to local authorities regarding to administrativemanagement and social order. A resettlement site is also a new concern for localauthorities because most of resettled households are poor, with little capacity ofcontributing money for local infrastructure construction, and they need to be assisted forhunger elimination and poverty reduction.

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PART 2

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

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8 MITIGATION MEASURES

8.1 General

According to OP 4.01 Annex C a project's environmental management plan (EMP)consists of the set of mitigation, monitoring, and institutional measures to be takenduring implementation and operation to eliminate adverse environmental and socialimpacts, o ffset t hem, o r r educe them to acceptable levels. The plan also includes theactions needed to implement these measures. To prepare a management plan, theborrower and its EA design team (a) identify the set of responses to potentially adverseimpacts; (b) determine requirements for ensuring that those responses are madeeffectively and in a timely manner; and (c) describe the means for meeting thoserequirements.

8.2 Mitigation Measures during Detailed Design

8.2.1 Generic Design Instructions

Environmental matters have to be integrated in all the design work and planning of theproject. The designing has to be done by minimising the adverse impacts onenvironment using as much as possible existing facilities and selecting the location ofnew facilities in areas where the disturbance to environment, people and existingstructures is the smallest. Where possible existing rights-of-way has to be used ratherthan create new ones. The key mitigation measures are noticed in the ProjectImplementation Plan, Engineering Design Reports, Bidding Documents and ContractDocuments.

Design criteria adopted for upgrading tertiary infrastructure will be achieved throughextended consultation with residents and community groups to achieve all theinterventions proposed aim to clear social, economic and environmental benefits.

According to the Vietnamese Construction Regulation Standard Article 3.3 Protectionof Natural Resources and Environment construction projects should:

- Not cause adverse effect to environment, and technical regulations on scenery andenvironment protection should be observed

- Protect the natural preservation areas, and historical, cultural and architectural places- Extracting natural resource must ensure the rationality and cause no obstacle to the

next exploitation- Respect traditional customs, practices, religions of people living in and around the

construction area.

In Construction Regulation Standard there are instructions especially for master planincluding general instructions for designing sewerage and drainage system. Urbandrainage system should be assured:

- To discharge all types of urban waste water- To have suitable solution for treating wastewater so that the urban area is not

flooded, and environment and water sources are not polluted.

In Standard Branch Sewerage and Drainage System and Works, Standard Designs thereare more detailed design instructions. However, international design standards have tobe introduced and used in design work.

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The construction works should be implemented stepwise in order to minimize themoving/transferring of equipment as well as to avoid chaos for the surroundingcommunities.

8.2.2 Generic Instructions for Tertiary and Trunk Infrastructure Design

Drainage and Sewerage

In the design of drainage and sewerage has to be paid attention to prevent possibility ofcontamination water supply. A special attention has to be paid to the crossing of waterpipes and sewers. It is not allowed to have water pipes going through the drainagemanholes or box culverts. If possible the drainage and sewer systems should bedesigned as far as possible from water pipelines. Discharging points of the drainagesystem have to be selected so that the adverse impact is minimised and the back flow ofdrainage water to pipes has to be prevented. Drainage design principles have to beselected in co-operation with the other projects implemented in the same area to avoidoverlapping and to optimise the effectiveness of drainage system.

Upgrading and dredging of lakes and channels has to be designed by minimising theneed of resettlement. Proper access to the construction sites has to be designed, too.Transportation and disposal of excavated material has to' be designed and necessary areareserve from landfill for disposal. If possible the dredged material could be used on-site.The garbage, which is blocking the channels and arroyos and the top layer of thesediment, should be transported to the landfill, but the excavated soil could be used forconstruction. Handling and disposal of sediment and solid waste to specified places withsuitable means of transportation has to be coordinated with relevant authorities.

Construction of the new Quan Chuot pumping station will be done next to the existingpumping station. However, the surrounding land use has to be considered in theselection of the final location. The final location of the new sluice way from the QuanChuot pumping station to the Red River has to be selected so that the need ofresettlement and other disturbance for the land use and agriculture and other businessactivities will be minimised. Necessary crossing the new sluice way has to be agreedwith the communities and designed to avoid construction of illegal bridges and otherstructures.

Water Supply

The design of water supply facilities has to be done in co-operation with local WaterSupply Company following the standards and norms used in the other water supplydesign in the concerning city.

Roads and Bridges

The design of roads has to be done according to with the communities agreed standardsdescribed in Community Upgrading Plans (CUPs) and Feasibility Study Report. Thelocation and the width of roads and alleys have to be adjusted to the local circumstancesto avoid unnecessary resettlement. Road alignments have to be designed avoidingpossible cultural and historical monuments i.e. pagodas, temples and communal houses,also the need of resettlement has to be minimised.

The width of the bridges has to be adjusted to the width of the streets and alleys. TheVietnamese design standards have to be followed.

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Electricity and Street Lighting

In the design of street lighting had to be followed the Vietnamese design standards andsafety regulations. In the design of electricity facilities special attention has to be paid tothe safety regulations to prevent possibility of accidents.

Solid Waste Management

The location of solid waste collection points has to be selected together with thecommunities to avoid complains from the people. There has to be easy access for lorriesto come and collect solid waste. Wards, communes and residential areas should set upself-management groups to collect solid waste under the support of URENCO.

Design of Public Toilets

Location of public toilets has to selected so that they are close to the users, but don'tcause too much inconvenience to the surrounding area. There should be septic tanks,which are connected to the municipal sewerage network, if it is available.

Design of Social Infrastructure

Location and size of the different construction should be done according to the needs ofcommunities described in CUPS and Feasibility Study. The Vietnamese constructionstandards, regulations and dimensioning instructions have to be followed.

Design of Van Mieu Lake and Recreational Area

The exact location, size and shape of the proposed lake should be decided together withcommunities. The access road to the proposed recreational area has to be designed, too.In the feasibility study is proposed only one metre deep lake and excavation of onemetre of sediment. The disposal of more than 8,000 m3 of the excavated material has tobe designed. It is recommended that as much as possible of excavated material shouldbe used on site for the construction of embankments to avoid transportation of thematerial.

The embankment and service road around the proposed lake has to be designed to fit tothe surrounding landscape. Revetment, lighting and location of benches have to bedesigned to fit to the surroundings, too.

8.3 Speciric Mitigation Measures for Dredging and Drainage

Current estimate of total amount of dredged material is 102,000 m3 , of which 27,500 m3

sludge would be disposed to Nam Van disposal site. According to the analyses qualityof disposed materials would need no treatment. Handling and disposal of sediment andsolid waste to Nam Van disposal site with suitable means of transportation has to becoordinated with relevant authorities. It is recommended to use as much as possible thematerial on-site to minimise the transportation.

The amount of dredged and excavated material will be clarified during the detaileddesign and disposal sites will be agreed with the concerning city authorities. Moredetailed instructions will be included to the Contract Documents.

The design of upgrading of roads and drainage and street lighting along the roads has tobe done according to with the communities agreed standards described in Community

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Upgrading Plans (CUPs) and Feasibility Study Report. Design of drainage connection tothe Kenh Gia canal has to be agreed with the Nam Dinh Urban Development Project.

8.4 Mitigation Measures during Construction

All works including to the Project have to be implemented following the appropriatestandards, specifications and working methods given in the Contract Documents.

Table 7.1 Mitigation Measures during Construction

Impact Mitigation MeasuresNoise, Odour, The maximum permitted noise level is given in the Vietnamese standard TCVN 5949-1998. TheLitter and strongest limitations are from 10 pm to 6 am in the vicinity of hospitals, libraries and kindergartensDust where maximum noise level is 40 dB.

Air quality and dust emissions are mitigated through dust suppression measures compliance with TCVN5937-1995To minimise the odour nuisance especially the dredging works have to be carried out during dry season.Appropriate equipment has to be used to prevent overloading of trucks. Accidental spills, sludge, oilsand lubricants from equipment etc. have to be absorbed and collected immediately.In the construction site dust, litter and public inconvenience has to be minimised by good constructionmanagement and site supervision. It is recommended to sprinkle the street in the vicinity of constructionsites to minimise dust.Solid and liquid wastes should be collected to transfer stations established to the construction sites andtransported to the landfill.Waste and disposal of excavated material are disposed at the sites, which are agreed with URENCO.

Health and The Contractor is responsible to provide appropriate equipment, tools and protective clothing to theSafety workers and ensure that appropriate working methods are applied.

During dredging and transportation of dredged material the Contractor has to follow strictly safety andhealth regulations. The dredging has to be organised so that the need to go to the water is minimised.Special attention has to be paid to avoid the direct contact with sludge. The Contractor has to provideprotective clothing including at least overall, Wellington boots and gloves.A possibility to proper washing with clean water has to be arranged during and after the working. Cleanwater and first aid kit has to be available to wash and treat the possible cuts and wounds.

Traffic and All works have to carried out so that not to interfere unnecessarily the public and prevent the access toTransportation use public or private roads and footpaths to or of properties.Arrangements The Contractor has to select transportation routes, choose vehicles and distribute loads so that the

transportation from and to the site shall be limited as far as reasonably possible.The Contractor has to use every reasonable means to prevent any of the roads and bridges from beingdamaged by the works.

Transportation The nuisance caused by transportation of materials and especially dredged sludge has to be minimisedof Dredged by arranging transportation and construction on busy main streets only outside rush hours and in narrowSludge and streets in residential areas only during the day. The transportation has to be avoided between 10 pm andMaterial 6 am and is allowed only on the request of traffic police.

Careful planning of dredging, excavation, construction and transportation schedules, and planning andselection o f r outes, a s well a s c hoice o f transportation v ehicles will miriimise dust. L oads have to becovered tightly to minimise spread of dust and preventing dropping of material from the loads to theroads.

Working In all construction works local working time and site arrangements and instructions concerning siteTime and Site clearance, fencing, watching and lighting, working at night etc. given in Contract Documents have to beArrangements followed up.Public The district PMU shall announce the construction works and new traffic arrangements duringRelations constructions works to the public regionally in newspapers, TV and radio. Locally the announcement is

given to the ward representatives who will inform the residents. Loudspeakers can be used during theconstruction works to give the latest information in concerning areas.

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8.5 Mitigation Measures during Operation and Maintenance

The instructions agreed in CUPs and CEMPs and presented in EMP have to befollowed, i.e.

- Regular inspection of the condition of roads, drainage system, street lighting system,public toilet and solid waste transfer stations; possible breakages have to be repairedimmediately

- Operational and safety standards have to be followed- Watering on the road surface at the main traffic lines- Maintenance of drainage system has to be arranged; transportation of dredged

material has to be done in proper means of transportation and loads have to becovered during transportation; the dredged material has to be transported to thelandfill or other suitable place agreed with URENCO

- Trees should be grown on embankment of the open drainage canal to reduce airpollution and to create beautiful landscape

- Prevent solid waste disposal into the alleys and channels by improved solid wastemanagement

- Management and cleaning of public toilets and waste transfer stations is arranged- Encouraging the inhabitant to construct private toilet and to empty septic tanks

regularly- Public awareness campaigns should be implemented in communities to raise

environmental awareness and train inhabitants to have their duty to keepenvironment clean; to avoid negative impacts on environment; not throw garbageevery where, and the people who use the public toilets must have awareness to havegood hygiene

8.6 Environmental Mitigation Measures for Component 3: Resettlement Housing

The resettlement site needs to be planned as a complete residential area with sufficientlyfunctions according to Vietnam planning standards and the Nam Dinh City Master Plan.The technical standards applied for resettlement site design should be consideredcarefully to conform affordability of the modem households. Housing for the poorshould be designed suitably with the affordability of the poor households

Buffer zone should be designed between the proposed resettlement site and openchannel to mitigate the impacts of channel to the living houses.

Design of drainage connection to the Kenh Gia canal has to be agreed with the NamDinh Urban Development Project.

In the design of resettlement site has to be followed good design standard for new urbanareas. Different facilities have to be located in the logical way, i.e. kindergarten andschool near parks and recreational areas. There has to be easy access to market also withmotorbikes and cars, and enough parking place has to be reserved from the verybeginning. Houses should be faced in the optimal way to protect from direct sunshine.Proper access road to the resettlement site has to be designed, too.

When the inhabitants have to move to a new resettlement area, they are worried andconfused about the new situation. In order to minimize these impacts authorities shouldhave satisfactory compensation policies, assistant affected people and finaliseconstruction of infrastructure in the resettlement area before new inhabitant would moveto the area.

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8.7 Need for Further Investigations

Because the proposed resettlement site for the time being fish ponds and agriculturalland special attention has to be paid to the drying and levelling of the area. Soil testinghas to be done at the proposed resettlement site during the detailed design to find out theneed of quantity and quality of foundation engineering to avoid soil subsidence

Hydraulic calculations for drainage capacity have to be done to clarify impacts of dryingof fishponds in the proposed resettlement site to the overall drainage system of the area.


December 2003


9 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING

9.1 Generic Environmental Monitoring during Construction and Operation

Generic

Environmental monitoring will be done during construction in four levels; namely asmonitoring of development of project performance indicators; monitoring ofimplementation of mitigation measures done by the Contractor; community basedmonitoring; and overall regulatory monitoring of the project.

Project Performance Indicators

The PMU will prepare to the WB biannual report, which includes among other thingsreporting of the progress of the project also environmental project performanceindicators, which will be as follows:

- Health indicators- Quality of recipient water- Percentage of collected solid waste

Monitoring of Implementation of Mitigation Measures

Monitoring d uties o f t he C ontractor are specified i n the Contract Documents and arerelated to the impacts during construction.

The Contractor prepares monthly reports, which PMU compiles to quarterly reports tothe WB. The Contractor monitors the implementation of the main mitigation measureslisted below i.e. the quantity of dredged and transported material, number of loads, typeof transportation, measures to keep streets clean, fencing etc. The examples of monthlymitigation monitoring reports are presented in Annex 7.

Main mitigation measures during construction Responsibleorganisation

- Minimise dust, odour, litter, noise and traffic emissions by good operation Contractormanagement and site supervision

- Appropriate working methods have to be followed Contractor- Sites have to be kept clean and safe during and after the work Contractor- Safety and health regulations has to be strictly followed Contractor- Transportation has to be minimised and routes selected to avoid public Contractor

nuisance- Transportation during rush hours and night has to be avoided Contractor- Tight and proper equipment to transport sediment and garbage has to be Contractor

used to avoid accidental spills and odour nuisances- Construction sites and time has to be informed to the local people in PMU

advance

The quarterly reports include the flowing:

- List of priority identified in last quarterly monitoring report- List of progress, which the Contractor has made to solve the problems- List of issues, which have not been adequately resolved and give recommendations

how to solve the problems and explain force majeure

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Community Based Monitoring

According to community environment management plans (CEMP) in each community,the inhabitants will take part in monitoring of environmental parameters; such as watersupply quality, drainage, dust, noise, air pollution etc. The communities would also betrained to notice the risks of environmental pollution during construction and operationof the project. Community based monitoring is important especially during theoperation when the communities continue their weekly and monthly monitoring

Overall Regulatory Monitoring

During the operation the related companies, to whom the facilities have been handedover, continue related air, water and sediment quality monitoring reporting to the WB.Copies of monitoring reports will be sent to DONRE, which has the overallresponsibility of the regulatory environmental monitoring.

Table 9.1 Environmental Monitoring for Tertiary Infrastructure during Construction and Operation

ConstructionFrequency What to monitor How to monitor ResponsibilityOnce a week Observation and collection of complains from Observation Community leader

the residents concerning water supply, drainage,dredging, roads, solid waste, air quality etc.related to the construction

Once a month Noise and dust from construction Observation Community leaderNoise and dust from construction Measurement Contractor

OperationOnce a week Condition of solid waste transfer stations Observation Community leader / URENCOOnce a month Observation and collection of complains from Observation Community leader

the residents concerning water supply, drainage,dredging, roads, solid waste, air quality etc.Condition of roads and street lighting Observation Community leader

Quarterly Noise and dust along the roads Measurement PMU report to DONREWater quality and pressure Measurement Water Supply CompanyCondition of drainage system Observation Community leader /

Drainage Company

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Vietnam Urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinh City Sub-Project .Volume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment 43

Table 9.2 Environmental Monitoring for Trunk Infrastructure and Resettlement Site duringConstruction and Operation

ConstructionFrequency What to monitor How to monitor ResponsibilityOnce a week Observation and collection of complains from Observation Community leader

the residents concerning construction works,especially noise and dust

Once a month Noise and dust from construction Measurement ContractorQuarterly Sludge dredging and disposal (not for Quantity Contractor

resettlement site) Leachate quality PMU report to DONREmeasurement atdisposal site

Biannually Quality of recipient water Measure PMU report to DONREOperation

Once a week Condition of solid waste transfer station Observation Community leader / URENCOOnce a month Observation and collection of complains from Observation Community leader

the residents concerning water supply, drainage,dredging, roads, solid waste, air quality etc.Condition of roads and street lighting Observation Community leaderWater quality and pressure Measurement Water Supply CompanyCondition of drainage system Observation Community leader I

Drainage CompanyBiannually Sludge disposal (not for resettlement site) Leachate quality Operator of disposal site report

measurement at to DONREdisposal site

Quality of recipient water Measure Sanitation or Drainage Companyreport to DONRE

9.2 Specific Environmental Monitoring of Component 2

It is recommended that during the construction and operation water and sedimentsamples would be taken twice per year from the same sampling points than during thedetailed design phase. The location of sampling points is presented in Annex 16. Thelist of parameters is only proposal and the final content can be modified according to theneeds during the construction and operation.

Table 9.3 Proposed Water and Sediment Quality Programme during Construction andOperation

No Type and Name ParametersRecipient waters pH, DO, COD, BOD, suspended solids, NH4 -N, P0 4 -P,

faecal coliformNi Dao River downstreamN2 Red RiverN3 Vinh Giang RiverN4 Do LakeN5 Dao River

Canals pH, DO, COD, BOD, suspended solids, NH4-N, P04 -P,faecal coliform

M1 Quan Chuot pumping stationM2 Main Ring Canal: Loc Ha BridgeM3 Main Ring Canal: Huong Vuong roadM4 Dam Do

Sediment Total solids, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, NiM l Quan Chuot pumping stationM2 Main Ring Canal: Loc Ha BridgeM3 Main Ring Canal: Huong Vuong road

December 2003


10 CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING

10.1 Overall Environmental Management

Project Management Unit (PMU) will carry out conduction and management of theproject according to the regulations of the Government such as bidding process, controlof time schedules, financial issues and quality control. To the PMU include director,deputy directors, chief accountant, specialist of planning, construction, finance, law andenvironment, and administrative staff.

PMU has the main responsibility of the implementation and monitoring of the CEMPand EMP. The daily monitoring will be done in the community level, but PMU will bein charge of the sampling and analysing, which might be needed and reporting. PMUhas carried out preparation of the whole project and sub-projects. However, in order toensure good implementation of the project, the capacity of PMU should be improved.This task is an important part of Component 6.

PMU should work closely with community authorities to promote communityparticipation in the planning, management, operation and monitoring of the project. Theresident shall be educated to understand the infrastructure problems and their role inovercoming the problems like cleaning and maintenance of drainage system, properhouse connection, prevention of illegal water supply and electricity connections, solidwaste collection, condition of roads and street lighting.

PMU should have cooperation with the concerning companies in charge of watersupply, sanitation, solid waste collection, street maintenance and electricity during theoperation of the project to monitor the operation and maintenance.

Figure 10.1 Environmental Implementation Organisation

ND province people'scommittee

\0 i ND city PC DONRE

PMU | Van Mieu Ward PC Industry and Trade group

^ + ^~~~ +

lw

Social-environment group Community leader

Planning group Region leader

People

December 2003


DONRE carries out environmental monitoring as follows:

- Inspect execution of regulations, norms of the prevention and overcoming of environmentaldegradation caused by the pollution and environmental problems during the projectimplementation

- Co-operate with the PMU to inspect execution of relevant environmental law, regulationsand standards to be followed

- Determine and report all environmental pollution and problems, which occur in project areaand submit the inspection report to the People's Committee for consideration and decision

The contractors have to follow and i mplement t he m itigation m easures m entioned i nCEMP and EMP, and PMU has to follow activities of the contractors.

Table 10.1 Responsibilities of the Communities

PC of Wards Assist PMU in compensation for losses & site clearanceAssist PMU in relationship with communitiesAssure security for siteBe in charge of supervision of project implementationAssist Commnunity Representative GroupSupervise environmental monitoring

Social Organizations Play a role as a bridge between the PC of Wards and communitiesand Associations at Mobilize comnnunities participating in the Projectthe ward level Assist communities in training skills in order to participate effectively in the ProjectCommunity Including representatives of PC, the goveming body of the Quarters, Cells and residentRepresentative Group representatives in the project area

Training conimunity-based development methodsRepresenting and reflecting options, the voice of the communities. Informring the conmnunitiesabout the project and relevant issues; attending meetings about the projectIn conjunction with the Consultant preparing CUP; representing communities to approve CUPSupervise progress of the project, assist execution supervision group and cellsIn conjunction with Ward and Cells discuss about the contribution of 10% of the cormnunitiesTo be assisted working conditions

Cell-level working Directed by the community representative groupgroup Assisting comnmunity representative group in supervision of the comnnunity supervision group

Environmental monitoringCommunity To be selected by the community and to be agreed by the PC of WardSupervision Group Having supervision experience and to be provide professional knowledge

Participating in supervising compensation for losses, relocation and resettlement planParticipating in supervising execution techniqueParticipate in checking and handing over

10.2 Environmental Training

Training how to implement monitoring of the environmental issues of the project willbe given to different target groups according to the needs.

- PMU: Person(s) in charge of environmental issues will be trained to supervise environmentalmonitoring and reporting

- Contractors: will be trained how to monitor implementation of mitigation measures and howto fill mitigation monitoring reports

- Communities: Community representatives will be trained to do the on-site observing andmonitoring of the upgrading activities during construction and operation. Parameters to beobserved i.e. dust, noise and tidiness of streets and solid waste transfer stations andobservation sites will be selected together with the representatives of the PMU and thecommunities based on the proposed monitoring programme.

The training programs will be included into Component 6. In addition to this the WorldBank Hanoi office will give training courses how to implement the project.

December 2003


Table 10.2 Environmental Training Programmes

PMUCourse Environmental monitoring and reportingParticipants 1 - 2 person(s) in charge of environmental issuesFrequency of training Once in the beginning of the project, updating during the implementation

according to the needsDuration and type One day lectureContent * Overall environmental management related to the project including requirements

of the WB and DONRE, co-operation with related authorities andresponsibilities

* Environmental monitoring of the project including structure, content, reporting,time schedules and responsibilities of the monitoring:

o project performance indicatorso monitoring of implementation of mitigation measureso community based monitoringo overall regulatory monitoring

* Guidance and supervision of the contractors and community representativeshow to implement environmental monitoring

Responsibility the World Bank, DONRE, PMU

ContractorsCourse Implementation of mitigation measuresParticipants Representatives of main contractors in charge of the reporting to PMUFrequency of training Once in the beginning of the assignment of each contractor, updating according to

the needs, estimated number of contractors about 10Duration and type Half day lecture to the main contractors, submission of the examples of monthly

monitoring reportsContent * B riefing of overall environmental monitoring

* M onitoring duties of the contractor according to the contract documents* M onthly mitigation monitoring reports: content, what and how to monitor, how

to fill the reports, submission of the reports, responsibilities* E nvironmental part of the quarterly reports: implementation of mitigation

measures, identified problems and solving of the problemsResponsibility PMU with the assistance of the World Bank Hanoi office

CommunitiesCourse On-site observing and monitoringParticipants Team leaders of 11 residential areasFrequency of training Once before the beginning of the construction in each LIADuration and type One day lecture and on-site presentationContent . B riefing of overall environmental monitoring

* D uties of the communities* C ontent and type of observation during construction: water supply, drainage,

dredging, roads, solid waste, dust, noise* C ontent and type of observation during operation: water supply, drainage,

dredging, roads, solid waste, dust, noise* H ow to make and record on-site observations, examples on-site* Monthly mitigation monitoring reports: content, what and how to monitor, how

to fill the reports, submission of the reports, responsibilities* E nvironmental risks during construction and operation* R eceiving, collection and reporting of complains from the residents* R eporting to PMU

Responsibility PMU with the assistance of the World Bank Hanoi office

December 2003


During the socio-economic survey 93.8% of the interviewed people said that it isnecessary to have environmental educated program for inhabitants. The proposed targetgroups were: inhabitants including the farmers (91.8% of answers), management cadresof community (47% of answers) and leaders of enterprises (19% of answers). Theproposed training method would be: 1) through ward (67.1%); 2) through the inhabitantmeetings (75.9%); and 3) through the posters and leaflets (25.8%). The publicawareness campaign to improve environmental awareness of the inhabitant wouldpositively contribute in taking care of environment improvement of community. It i snecessary to have a training program for capacity improvement for ward cadres as wellas officers of project management unit (PMU) and city and province authorities.

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11 COST ESTIMATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

11.1 Monitoring Costs

Monitoring costs during construction would be including to the Component 6: CapacityBuilding. Monitoring costs during operation should be included to the annual operationand maintenance budget of the concerning companies to whom the facilities have beenhanded over.

Table 11.1 Annual Monitoring Costs

Type of Monitoring Frequency Unit cost Total Annual ResponsibilityCost

1 Project performance indicators1. 1. Health indicators Twice per year 2 MVND 4 MVND PMU collects1.2. Percentage of collected solid Twice per year 2 MVND 4 MVND PMU collects

waste1.3. Water and Sediment Quality Twice per year 16 32 MVND During

Monitoring MVND construction PMU(9 water quality and 3 hires laboratorysediment sampling points) During operation

concerningcompany hireslaboratory

1 Sub-total including reporting 40 MVND2 Monitoring of implementation Monthly Includes to the Contractor

of mitigation measures contract observes3 Community based monitoring Weekly / 0.67 8 MVND Communities

in 11 residential areas in Van monthly MVND / observesMieu phuong including PMUs monthtechnical guidance andsupervision and miscellaneouscosts in communities

Grand total 48 MVND

The estimated monitoring cost of project performance indicators is 40 MVND annually.This amount is including costs of data collection for health indicators and percentage ofcollected solid waste and sampling, analysing and reporting cost of water and sedimentquality of recipient waters. PMU collects and compiles the data for biannual progressreport to the World Bank.

The Contractor collects and reports to PMU data for monitoring of implementation ofmitigation measures as a part of the contract.

Community based monitoring is done in volunteer basis, but a certain amount should bereserved for the miscellaneous costs. Especially in the beginning of the construction isneeded also support from PMU as technical guidance and supervision.

The total estimated annual monitoring cost is 48 MVND, which has to be reserved forthe budget for every year during the project.

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11.2 Training Costs

Training programmes and training costs are including to the Component 6: CapacityBuilding.

Table 11.2 Environmental Training Costs

Course Frequency Duration Number of Unit cost Total costparticipants including

lecturingPMU: Environmental monitoring and Once 1 day 2 1 MVND 1 MVNDreportingContractors: Implementation of Once per Half day 10 1 MVND 1 MVNDmitigation measures contractorCommunities: On-site observing and Once per I day 11 1.5 MVND 1.5 MVNDmonitoring residential

areaTotal 3.5 MVND

The preliminary estimation of training costs is 3.5 MVND, including costs of lecturesand participants. Especially the costs for training of contractors might be changed,because the number of contractors is not known, yet. If training of PMU environmentalstaff is done in common for all PMUs there might be additional travelling costs. Costsof training given by the World Bank are not including to this budget.

December 2003


PART THREE

PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE

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Vietnam Urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinlh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environimental Impact Assessment 51

12 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE

12.1 General

The World Bank's Operational Policy (OP 4.01) on Environmental Impact Assessmentrequires that affected groups and local NGOs to be informned and consulted as a part ofthe EIA preparation during at least two stages of the EIA-process: shortly after the EAcategory has been assigned and after the draft EIA-report has been prepared. Properconsultation is a requirement for EIA category A projects. Participation should beenabled during project preparation under certain conditions and is generallyrecommended as part of implementation. Projects that require involuntary resettlement(OP 4.30), consultation on social issues should be included.

12.2 Key principles

The overall goals of the public consultation and disclosure are to inform all stakeholders(interested and project affected parties) about the important aspects of the proposedproject and solicit their comments, ideas and concerns. Further objectives include:

- Commence consultations at the earliest stages of the project, in order to establish anopen and participatory process

- Take care that groups being consulted are representative including representatives ofwomen and youth associations, ethnic and religious minorities

- Enhance previously acquired knowledge of stakeholder concerns- Employ culturally and socially appropriate consultation methods and provide all

written materials and reports and orally in Vietnamese- Utilise several different, complementary methods of receiving public input such as

individual and public meetings, opinion surveys and document review- Document the comments of the stakeholders- Communicate information received from the stakeholders to the technical/design

team members, and ensure that legitimate concerns are addressed appropriately- File the ETA document in the communities affected by the project for public review

and comments- Continue to consult the public prior to, and during the construction, operation and

maintenance phases of project development.

12.3 Community Participation

Plan on upgrading infrastructure including tertiary infrastructure (component 1) andrelated primary and secondary infrastructure (component 2) were done with activeparticipation of communities. The communities have participated with Consultantduring project preparation including:

- Defining problems on infrastructure and environment that the public faces- Defining orientation and priority to solve such problems- Choosing technical methods to overcome and improve infrastructure- Discussing on investment scale, teclnical measures, assigning responsibility of

contribution on investment cost, operation and maintenance fee- Discussing on assigning management responsibility, operation, monitoring to ensure

effective activities of improved infrastructure

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To promote the participation of communities in the project, the consultant hasdeveloped planning groups, planning teams including representative of authority, non-governmental organizations and representatives of resident in the area. The consultanthas trained and assisted them on communication skills and knowledge on preparation ofplan for investment project. The planning group included 46 people and divided into 2levels:

To the managing board included 13 people, of which, one was director, one secretaryand 11 were members. Each member was in charge of one resident area ("mien"). Themanaging board prepared working plan and monitoring planning teams to carry out suchplan correctly. I

There were 11 planning teams. To each team included three people of which one act asteam leader at 11 resident areas ("mien") to manage resident groups ("to") in the area.These planning teams implemented the plan prepared by managing board and supportedfacilitators at resident groups ("to") in transferring information to residents and gettingfeedback.

In every 86 resident groups, the consultant also created net of facilitators including 86people (each resident group has 1 person) doing communication task.

During the work the consultant always assisted the planning group, planning teams andfacilitators on necessary skills, prepared necessary toolkits for their tasks and to carryout the inspection independently to ensure good activities and effectiveness of theplanning group.

The tasks implemented by planning group, included:

Definition of investment demands: in order to define the issues which community has tofaced with and requirement of investment, the planning group has organized meetings intotal with 86 groups. The minutes of meetings were carefully recorded to transfer to theplanning groups for inspection, summarising and making statements for managingboard. After that they will be considered to transfer into an official report to submit tothe consultant and the project management unit (PMU).

Consideration of investment alternatives: based on investment demand of community,the consultant has prepared the technical options to satisfy these demands. Each item forinvestment has s ome d ifferent t echnical options. These options have different servicelevel, investment cost, level effecting on community and correlatively participationrequired from the community both on finance and human resource. The planning grouptransferred these options to all households in the area by and also the exchange meetingwere o rganized for d iscussion w ithin c ommunity. A fter c onsideration and discussion,the households selected the most appropriate option and recorded it into "consultationform" prepared by the Consultant. The facilitator transferred the selection of householdsresident groups to the planning teams. The planning teams considered opinions of allhouseholds living in the resident area to prepare one proposal for this area and transferto managing board. The managing board of planning group studied all proposals toensure conformity of these selections among inhabitant regions to summarize in togeneral selection of the whole planning group.

Based on selection of the planning group, planning teams and communities, theconsultant studied and adjusted the plans suitably. The points due to technicalrequirements, which can't adjust to meet requirement of a part of community were

December 2003


exchanged and w ere r eturned t o final d ecision b y c onsultant and p lanning group andafter that they were once again reported and explain to community.

After the Consultant and planning group selected and agreed the technical options theywere finally agreed. This final agreement was informed to community and allhouseholds.

12.4 Public Consultation Meetings

Public consultation meetings were organised as follows:

Location Time Number of participantsVan Mieu Ward December 8, 2003 58

In the meeting the participants supported the project and were ready to co-operate withPMU a nd c ontractor. T he g eneral o pinion w as t hat t he c onstruction works should bestarted as soon as possible and the works should be done parallel. It was also requestedthat the PMIU should inform in advance the construction time and the contractor shoulddiscuss with the communities about the content and location of the works and keep theagreed construction s chedule. C ommunities w ere w illing t o p articipate i n s upervisingand monitoring of the construction works.

The minutes of the meetings and the lists of participants are presented in Annex 8.

12.5 Disclosure

The World Bank, like other donors, lenders and governments around the world, haverecognised that many planned interventions in the past have led to undesirable impacts,often exacerbating economic inequalities and socio-political injustices. As such, theseagencies have, for the past few years, been developing guidelines to ensure thatmeaningful consultation occurs, whereby relevant information is provided to thestakeholders and their inputs are encouraged. The World Bank's guideline entitledPolicy on Disclosure of Information requires both public consultation and publicdisclosure by the project sponsors in the preparation of an environmental assessment.

The first drafts of EA documents were disclosed both in InfoShop in Washington DCand in-country as required by the World Bank. The Vietnamese version of the executivesummary of EIA report was disclosed in Van Mieu ward including to the project inPhase 1 in accordance with the instruction by the Nam Dinh P eople's C ommittee inNovember 2003. At the same time the full text of the first draft EIA report was availableat PMU office and informed to the project affected households. The Vietnamese finaldraft EA documents were displayed in the same places from December 20, 2003. Thefinal draft EA documents will replace the current display in InfoShop and VDIC at theWorld Bank office in Hanoi.

December 2003

Vietnam urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

VIETNAM- URBAN UPGRADING PROJECT (VUUP)

Terms of Reference for the Preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) - Phase I

1. INTRODUCTION

Vietnam's cities have rapid growing populations, and infrastructure and utility service investmentshave lagged far behind demand. Low-income areas have developed, and are continuing to develop,in an ad-hoc unplanned manner with little infrastructure and services. This creates environmental andhealth hazards for their residents and the city at large. New, innovative and low cost approaches arethus required to address Vietnam's growing urbanization challenges.

Realizing this, the Government of Vietnam has requested donor assistance to prepare a nationalprogram to upgrade low-income communities. Preparatory studies funded through the Cities Alliancehave been completed to help develop a National Urban Upgrading Program. The Ministry ofPlanning and Investment has now requested the World Bank to support a Vietnam Urban UpgradingProject (VUUP) as the first major project in the national program. The VUUP aims to upgrade low-income communities in four cities, namely HO CHI MINH, HAI PHONG, NAM DINH, and CANTHO. The VUUP will provide basic infrastructure and services improvements (referred to hereafteras tertiary infrastructure) to low-income communities already identified in the cities. To ensure thatthe tertiary infrastructure provided is able to operate effectively and to its optimum, critical primaryand secondary infrastructure (referred to hereafter as trunk infrastructure) is also to be provided aspart of the VUUP. It is anticipated that a number of families will have to be unavoidably resettled,and therefore social housing and/or basic serviced sites for housing will be provided (referred tohereafter as housing developments). The combination of investment for tertiary and trunkinfrastructure, and housing developments in each city will be referred to hereafter as the city's sub-project. In each city, the sub-project is divided into two or three phases, each of which will beimplemented over a 2-3 year period. Phase 1 will be prepared before the project is presented to theWorld Bank's Board (expected to be March 2004) and Phases 2 and 3 will be prepared during projectimplementation. This Terms of Reference concerns the preparation of EIAs for Phase 1 of the sub-projects (EIAs phase 1 for each city). Separate EIAs are required for each city.

2. BACKGROUND

Project M anagement U nits (PMUs) h ave b een e stablished i n e ach o f the 4 c ities. In e ach c ity, amapping exercise has been carried out of the low-income communities and a database established.Local consultants (referred to hereafter as the "Local Upgrading Consultants") have already beenengaged in each city (different consultants in each city) to prepare: (a) a Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS)for the complete city sub-project for all three Phases; (b) a Feasibility Study (FS) for Phase 1; (c)Environmental data collection for the tertiary infrastructure and assessment of environmentalconditions of the sites for housing development; and (d) detailed engineering design and biddocuments for Phase 1 of the tertiary infrastructure component. Other consultants (referred tohereafter as the "Trunk Infrastructure Consultants") will carry out data collection for environmentalanalysis (in the case of Ho Chi Minh city, a preliminary EIA) as part of the preparation andengineering design of the Trunk infrastructure component. It is expected that environmental data willbe available by May 2003 for the tertiary infrastructure and by September 2003 for the trunkinfrastructure.

Each city has a detailed, primarily spatial, master plan, sectoral master plans (e.g. for sewerage anddrainage), and detailed area development plans. These should be consulted and taken into account.In addition, other consultants (not directly related to the VUUP) are preparing environmental studiesand, in some cases, EIA for various other trunk infrastructure projects. The EIA Consultants will usethese work and studies, as well as reports prepared by the Local Upgrading Consultants and the TrunkInfrastructure Consultants, as inputs for their assignment. The Housing Developments are being

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Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 3Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

designed in-house, or by local consultants and these consultants will collect the necessaryenvironmental data (the consultant for this assignment should however allow for some supplementarydata collection for the housing developments).

For Phase 1 of the VWUP in each of the four participating cities, the EIA Consultant(s) will prepareEnvironmental Impact Assessment (EIA) documentation (separate for each city) that correspond tothe requirements of the Government of Vietnam and the World Bank safeguard policies OP 4.01 (onEnvironmental Assessment) and OP 4.11 (on Physical Cultural Resources) where the concerns ofimpacts on cultural structures are triggered. The EIA documentation should also give a broad pictureof environmental condition in the project areas of all the three phases and specify guidance to thepreparation of EIA documentations for phases 2 and 3.

The EIA documentation for the entire project will consist of: (1) Community EnvironmentalManagement Plans as part of the Community Upgrading Plans that will propose mitigation measuresfor impacts relating to tertiary infrastructure; (2) Site- specific EIAs for trunk infrastructure andhousing developments; (3) an Environment Section of the Environmental and Social SafeguardsFramework (ESSF) of the Project Operations Manual; and (4) Environmental Management Plan forVUUP, including an executive summary synthesizing the process and the findings from the abovereports.

3. SCOPE OF WORK

Task 1. Review anld amenid as inecessary Coinnuniity En vironmenztal Mantagement Plants (CEMPs)

for CommZilunity Upgradinig Planis (CUPs) for the tertiary infrastructure of phase 1. (This task will

be based on the CUPs prepared by the Local Upgrading Consultants)

The purpose of this analysis is to ensure that the interventions targeted by the proposed project at thecommunity-level (through CUPs) are environmentally sound and sustainable. Separate CUPs will beprepared for each low income area. They will be concise documents and should not exceed 18 pages.The CEMP is an integral part of the CUP. The consultant should review and amend as necessary theCUPs/CEMPs prepared by the Local Upgrading consultants.

Specifically, each plan should detail the following:

1. describe the environmental conditions and identify the environmental problems faced by thecommunity, and based on a participatory process they should be ranked;

2. evaluate alternatives for addressing these problems and finding solutions;3. identify the trunk infrastructure needs (trunk sewers, city-wide waste collection etc) that are

needed to enhance the community-level;4. propose mitigation actions that need to be implemented at the community-level and

adjustments that need to be made to the city infrastructure and basic services, so as to supportthese mitigation actions. These actions should be reflected and costed in the engineering*design and feasibility study;

5. define the institutional arrangements at the community-level, for construction, operation andmaintenance of the sub-project including the environmental mitigation actions;

6. a monitoring program that will involve communities;

An environmental education and public hygiene awareness program should be prepared andproposals made for it's delivery during project implementation. The City Womens Unions haveexperience in delivering such programs.

Task 2. Site-specific EIAsfor truntk infrastructure and housilng developmlients.

This t ask w ill b e b ased on d ata c ollected b y t he T runk Infrastructure C onsultant a nd t he H ousingDevelopment Consultant. The types of trunk infrastructure included in the project are listed below.

December 2003


All four cities have identified drainage and sewerage as the highest priority and this will account formost of the work in this assignment:

1. Drainage and Sewerage: new, replacement and where feasible rehabilitated combined sewers;and canals and open drain improvements, including related bank-side access roads, canalcrossings and recreational areas; and interceptor sewers, storm overflow chambers and relatedpumping stations;

2. Water Supply: extension of transmission and distribution systems and possible local sourceworks and related treatment facilities;

3. Roads and Bridges: local distributor and secondary access roads and bridges;4. Electricity Supply: augmentation and/or stabilization of MV and LV systems including cabling

and transformer stations;5. Solid Waste Management: provision/improvement of local transfer stations and solid waste

collection vehicles

For the housing development component, the Local Upgrading Consultants will provide generalassessments of the proposed relocation sites in Phase 1 to ensure that they are not in environmentallysensitive areas like reserves, wetlands, closed or operating garbage dumps, or adjacent to a historicsite. The housing development consultants will collect the necessary environmental data forpreparation of the EIA.

The EIAs should cover the following information:

3. ]. Description of the Components of the Trunk Infrastructure and Housing Developmenit. Provide abrief description of the components of the facilities to be constructed, using maps (at appropriatescale) where necessary, and including the information of the types of trunk infrastructure as listedabove (e.g. location; general layout; size, capacity, pre-construction activities; construction activities;facilities and services etc.)

3.2. Description of the Environment. Analyze and present baseline data on the relevant environmentalcharacteristics of the study area. Include information on any changes anticipated before the projectcommences, such as

(a) Physical environment: geology; topography; soils; climate and meteorology; ambient airquality; surface and ground-water hydrology; existing sources of air pollution; existing waterpollution discharges; and receiving water quality.

(b) Biological environment: flora, fauna and rare or endangered species of sensitive habitats orother significant natural sites, which are likely to be a place for disposal dredging materials.

(c) Socio-cultural environment (include both present and projected where appropriate):population; land use; planned development activities; community structure; employment;distribution of income, goods and services; recreation; public health; cultural properties; tribalpeoples if present; and customs, aspirations and attitudes.

3.3. Legislative and Regulatory Considerations. Based on the outputs of the local upgradingconsultants, describe the pertinent regulations and standards governing environmental quality andlanduse, including vulnerable locations

3.4. D etermination of P otential Impacts of t he P roposed Components. S pecial attention s hould b egiven to:

- short-term impacts during construction e.g. air and noise pollution, traffic congestion, water flowdisruptions, dredging and disposal of sludge from canals, transportation and disposal of collectedgarbage;

- the extent to which receiving water quality standards will be achieved with the proposed type andlevel of treatment;

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Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 5

Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

- projected quantitative changes in beneficial uses, such as waters available for domestic supply;improved air quality due to house and road upgrading and solid waste management system;reduced flooding etc.

- sanitation and public health benefits anticipated.

3.5. Anialysis of Alter,iatives to the Proposed Tr-unk Infrastructure and Housing Development as a

whole and its Components. Describe altematives that were examined in the Pre-feasibility andFeasibility stages of project preparation. The concept of alternatives extends to sitting, design,technology selection, construction techniques, phasing, and operating and maintenance procedures.

Compare alternatives in terns of potential environmental impacts; capital and operating costs;suitability under local conditions; and institutional, training, and monitoring requirements. Whendescribing the impacts, indicate which are irreversible or unavoidable and which can be mitigated. Tothe extent possible, quantify the costs and benefits of each alternative, incorporating the estimatedcosts of any associated mitigating measures. Include the alternative of not constructing the project, inorder to demonstrate environmental conditions without it

3.6. Develop Environmental Management Plans for Trunk Infrastructure and Housing Developments

(EMPs) for each City to control and execute the construction work in compliance with GOV andWorld Bank environrmental regulations and requirements. The EMPs should focus on the followings:

- Propose measures to mitigate negative environmental impacts, identified in 3.3.- Prepare a plan to monitor the environmental changes and the effectiveness of the mitigation

measures- Create timely decision making process to resolve any significant impacts that are identified during

the monitoring program, and- Provide a clear and transparent reporting procedure for environmental monitoring.

Task 3. Enivironinenital Sectiont of the Environmenttal anid Social Safeguards Framework (ESSF)

of the Project Operationis Manzual

The purpose of the Manual is three-fold: (i) to specify an appropriate institutional arrangementwithin the PMU(s) to manage the environmental assessment process; (ii) guide the preparation of EIAdocumentations for sub-projects in phases 2 and 3 (some cities will only have two phasesO; (iii)catalogue "typical" environmental mitigation measures that need to be incorporated in theengineering design of trunk infrastructure (adaptive design practices). The preparation of this sectionshould b e c losely aligned t o the drafting o ft he resettlement and compensation framework for theproj ect.

Specifically, the Manual should include the following:

1. the process and formats to prepare CUP/CEMPs and EMPs2. institutional arrangements for identifying, appraising, evaluating and monitoring CUP/CEMPs

and EMPs at the project-PMU, city-PMU and community-PMU;3. Interface with DONRE and integration of their processes in project appraisal, evaluation and

monitoring. This should including drafting of guidelines for project appraisal;4. checklist and guidelines to be used for the project's components, including a summary of

relevant planning, building and environmental codes and standards of GoV;5. for housing developments, the Consultants shall prepare site selection guidelines to list

unsuitable conditions and other precautions that need to be taken into account.6. listing of potential projects for phases 2 and 3; and7. guidelines for adaptive design practices for trunk infrastructure;

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Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environnmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

Task 4. Public Contsultationi anid Public Disclosure

The Consultants should assist the PMUs in carrying out consultation with project affected people and

assist Inter-Agency Coordination and Public/NGO participation as required by the OP 4.01.

Assistance should be provided to PMUs in coordinating the environmental assessment with other

government agencies, in obtaining the views of local NGO's and affected groups, and in keeping

records of meetings and other activities, communications, and comments and their disposition.

Feedback and comments from the public consultation process should be recorded and reflected in the

EIAs and later on be incorporated in the final engineering design.

Task 5: Reportinig:

Drafts of the EIA, EMP and ESSF should be sent to the World Bank, for disclosure in the InfoShop in

Washington DC, following Government's agreement to such disclosure, and disclosed in-country

prior to appraisal of the project (October 2003). CUP/CEMPs will be made publicly available at the

community-level. EMPs and the Operations Manual will be disclosed at the city-level and in the

VDIC at the World Bank Vietnam office in Hanoi. Record of consultation and disclosure should be

maintained and reported in the Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

Task 6. Project Environmiiiental Mantagemenit Plani (PEMP) for each city project.

This will include a synthesis of CUP/CEMPs (Task 1) and EMPs (Task 2) for Phase 1 and The ESSF

for Phases 2 and 3 (Task 3). The purpose of the PEMP is to describe for the benefit of "non-specialist

readers" the treatment of environmental safeguards as per the requirements 6f GoV and OP 4.01

Annex C. The PEMP should be in three parts: Part 1: Executive Summary; Part 2: Summary of Tasks

1-3 t o c learly l ay o ut m itigation m easures a nd a n e nvironmental m onitoring p rogram; a nd P art 3:

Capacity building program for environmental assessment in the different PMUs and at the

community-level. With regard to the latter, the consultant is encouraged to study the process piloted

under the Municipal Environment Improvement Project in Haiphong, where Phuong (Ward)

Environmental Improve7nent Plans were prepared and implemented. The consultant should provide adraft outline for review by the PMU and Bank Task Team before proceeding to draft the PEMP.

4. INPUTS

The consultant team should include an Environmental Specialist (18 person weeks) familiar with

sanitation, solid waste management, city environmental strategies and related capacity building.

The Consultants should have previous experience in preparing EIAs in accordance with the

guidelines of International Finance Institutions (WB/ADB). Specific knowledge of the situation in

Vietnam and the GOV environmental legal and institutional framework would be advantageous.

The Consultants will report directly to the PMUs and work under the their guidance and instruction.

The Environmental Specialist of the WB Hanoi Office will provide technical guidance with regard to

policy requirements of the World Bank.

5. OUTPUTS AND TIMELINE

The assignment will commence in July 2003 and conclude in December 2003 according to the

following delivery schedule

No. Output Deadline

1. Draft CUPs/CEMPs, EIAs, EMPs and ESSF September 15, 2003

2. Draft Project Environmental Management Plan (PEMP) October 1, 2003

3. Final CUPs/CEMPs, EIAs, EMPs, ESSF and PEMP acceptable to Dec 1, 2003the PMUs and World Bank

December 2003


ANNEX 2

People Met

December 2003

Nam Dinh PMU:

No Full name Position

1 Bui Van Que Director of project2 Do Xuan Tu Planning and Procurement expert3 Dang Thi Lua Project officer4 Pham Thu Ha Interpreter5 Nguyen Van Kha Deputy of Project6 Chu Sy Chuc Deputy of Project

CDC.No Full name Position

1 Nguyen Quang Vinh Project manager2 Vu Thu Huong Project officer

Stanley Consultants

No Full name Position

1 Ian J.McAlister, P.E. Principal Civil Engineer2 Hegde Project officer

Vietnam urban Upgrading ProjectNam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

ANNEX 3

Background Data of Nam Dinh City

December 2003


PREVIOUS AND ONGOING WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECTS ANDSTUDIES

Nam Dinh Urban Development Project

Nam Dinh Urban Development Project is assisted by Swiss Development CooperationAgency. There has been three phases since 1997 including the following items:

-Construction of Kenh Gia drainage pumping station with capacity of 12m3/s and KenhGia drainage canal of 4.4km

-Construction of water supply network in Tran Te Xuong ward-Preparation of Nam Dinh City Drainage Master Plan up to year 2020 to match with the

revised City Master Plan-Preparing Feasibility Study for the drainage system at the northeast basin of Nam Dinh

City and find investment source-Implementation of Environment and Health at Community Program (EHMA) in order

to raise awareness of the people and officials in maintaining and improvingenvironment

-Implementation of training and fostering programs for improving managementcapability at all levels of the city and pilot reform in the institution of civil city-levelagencies' operation.

Investment and construction of water supply system

- Nam Dinh city's water supply system is extension by loan from the Frenchgovernment. Water treatment plant capacity has been increased to 50,000m 3/day in1999, and target is to increase the capacity to 75,000m3/day in 2005. 37.6kmtransmission mains and DN 100 water pipes have been rehabilitated and furtherconstruction would be 21km. It is planned to construct further 42km of water pipes in2002 and 2003.

- Using local credit the Nam Dinh Water Supply Company is actively constructing aservice pipe network with about 300 km of DN 100 pipe covering all urban wardsand supplying water to households; rehabilitating 6,000 existing house connectionsand further installing 15,000 house connections so that up to 2005 majority of urbanpopulation can use potable water.

Investment and construction of solid waste treatment plant

The composting plant with capacity of 250 tones/day has been constructed by the loanfrom French Government. Originally it was e stimated that the construction would befinished and the plant put into operation by the end of 2002. However, the time schedulewas delayed due to difficulties in land acquisition. In May 2003 the plant was finallycompleted. The plant is designed to treat whole municipal waste of the city by the year2010.

Upgrading and renovating electricity grid

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) in funding renovation of the electricity grid ofNam Dinh City, construction of the central underground electricity grid, transform themiddle-tension electricity grid of 35Kv, 6k to the standard voltage of 22kV andrenovation of low-tension electricity grid to households.

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Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 1 0Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

REVISED CITY MASTER PLAN UP TO YEAR 2020

Outline

Prime Minister has approved the City Master Plan for Nam Dinh City up to year 2010by decision No. 793/TTg dated December 23, 1994. At that time Nam Dinh City wasidentified as tertiary city and centre of Nam Ha province.

Since 1997, after split up from Nam Ha Province, Nam Dinh City has been classified assecondary city (decision No. 183/QD-TTg dated September 24, 1998 by PrimeMinister), being an economic centre of the southeast area in the Red Delta River. NamDinh City is recognized as a political, economical and cultural centre of Nam Dinhprovince. After construction of road No 10 Nam Dinh City has been changedremarkably, which has made the master plan approved in 1994 to be inappropriate. In2002 Nam Dinh City set up and adjusted the City Master Plan for Nam Dinh City toyear 2020, which has been approved by Prime Minister by decision No. 31/2002/QD-TTg dated Mach. 12, 2001.

According to revised City Master Plan for the city up to year 2020, Nam Dinh City isone of three centre cities of Red River Delta and a big centre of textile and garmentindustry on the north. The city focuses on developing textile and garment industry,processing agricultural and forestry products, mechanical engineering, electricity,electronics and construction materials industry with estimated growth of 14% per year.Service industries are expected to achieve the growth rate of 13.2% per year. The city'seconomic mechanism has changed to industrial direction, taking up 37-39% of GDP,only 1% for agro-forestry and 59-61% for services.

In order to implement the master plan approved by the Prime Minister, backward andlow quality infrastructure is a big challenge for the local government and the localpeople. Investment, construction and rehabilitation of such system in order toaccomplish targets set in the master plan are very necessary; and the city has tomaximize capability for mobilizing investment into this sector.

Space development orientation

The city is developed under two main directions: the development direction to the northand northeast is adjacent to road NolO and the development direction of the south ofDao river belongs to Nam Van and Nam Phong. The city will include 4 urban areaswhich are basis for setting up future wards: the c entral area is of the existing streets(Block A), Loc Vuong - Loc Ha on the north of Truong Chinh (Block B), Loc Hoa - MyXa - L oc A n on the west of the c entral area (Block C) and Nam V an - Nam Phong(Block D).

Four industrial zones will be established, which are 1) the industrial zone in the old city,mostly for less polluting industries such as textile, garment, alcohol and confectioneryprocessing; 2) the industrial zone along the national highway No. 21A is for textile,garment, shoes, appliances, electronic ware production and installation, plasticsproduction etc; 3) the industrial zone along the national highway No.10 on thesouthwest of the city is for construction material production, mechanical service,chemicals, plastics, agro-production and foodstuff processing; and 4) the industrial zonenear Dao river is for mechanical, light industry, ship repair and ship construction.

The province and city's head quarters and offices will be located in the city centre. Forthe residential areas, the Block A comprised mostly of apartments which will berenovated b y l imited c onstruction d ensity focusing o n u pgrading t he e xisting h ouses,protecting and renovating valuable houses. The Blocks A, C and D, which would new

December 2003


REVISED CITY MASTER PLAN UP TO YEAR 2020

Outline

Prime Minister has approved the City Master Plan for Nam Dinh City up to year 2010by decision No. 793/TTg dated December 23, 1994. At that time Nam Dinh City wasidentified as tertiary city and centre of Nam Ha province.

Since 1997, after split up from Nam Ha Province, Nam Dinh City has been classified assecondary city (decision No. 183/QD-TTg dated September 24, 1998 by PrimeMinister), being an economic centre of the southeast area in the Red Delta River. NamDinh City is recognized as a political, economical and cultural centre of Nam Dinhprovince. After construction of road No 10 Nam Dinh City has been changedremarkably, which has made the master plan approved in 1994 to be inappropriate. In2002 Nam Dinh City set up and adjusted the City Master Plan for Nam Dinh City toyear 2020, which has been approved by Prime Minister by decision No. 31/2002/QD-TTg dated Mach. 12, 2001.

According to revised City Master Plan for the city up to year 2020, Nam Dinh City isone of three centre cities of Red River Delta and a big centre of textile and garmentindustry on the north. The city focuses on developing textile and garment industry,processing agricultural and forestry products, mechanical engineering, electricity,electronics and construction materials industry with estimated growth of 14% per year.Service industries are expected to achieve the growth rate of 13.2% per year. The city'seconomic mechanism has changed to industrial direction, taking up 37-39% of GDP,only 1% for agro-forestry and 59-61% for services.

In order to implement the master plan approved by the Prime Minister, backward andlow quality infrastructure is a big challenge for the local government and the localpeople. Investment, construction and rehabilitation of such system in order toaccomplish targets set in the master plan are very necessary; and the city has tomaximize capability for mobilizing investment into this sector.

Space development orientation

The city is developed under two main directions: the development direction to the northand northeast is adjacent to road NolO and the development direction of the south ofDao river belongs to Nam Van and Nam Phong. The city will include 4 urban areaswhich are basis for setting up future wards: the c entral area is of the existing streets(Block A), Loc Vuong - Loc Ha on the north of Truong Chinh (Block B), Loc Hoa - MyXa - Loc An on the west of the central area (Block C) and Nam Van - Nam Phong

(Block D).

Four industrial zones will be established, which are 1) the industrial zone in the old city,mostly for less polluting industries such as textile, garment, alcohol and confectioneryprocessing; 2) the industrial zone along the national highway No. 21A is for textile,garment, shoes, appliances, electronic ware production and installation, plasticsproduction etc; 3) the industrial zone along the national highway No.10 on thesouthwest of the city is for construction material production, mechanical service,chemicals, plastics, agro-production and foodstuff processing; and 4) the industrial zonenear Dao river is for mechanical, light industry, ship repair and ship construction.

The province and city's head quarters and offices will be located in the city centre. Forthe residential areas, the Block A comprised mostly of apartments which will berenovated b y l imited c onstruction d ensity focusing o n u pgrading t he e xisting h ouses,protecting and renovating valuable houses. The Blocks A, C and D, which would new

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Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 1iNam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

urban areas and urbanized hamlets, will be constructed according to modem urbanstandards.

Land use planning

According to the revised City Master Plan the land use plaining is as follows:

Urban land use planning

Norms Actual situation 2000 Planning2005 2020

Ha % m 2/per ha % m2/per ha % m2/perTotal area of natural land 852.9 1740 3000Total area for urban 692.9 100 35 1500 100 62.5 2600 100 78.8construction landCivil land 527.4 76.1 26.7 1100 73.3 45.8 2042 78.5 61.9Land at units 379.7 54.8 19.2 590 39.3 24.6 1000 38.5 30.3Public work land 17.2 2.5 0.9 45 3.0 1.9 100 3.8 3.0Greenparkland 25.3 3.6 1.3 218 14.5 9.1 372 14.3 11.3Urbancommunication 61 8.9 3.1 177 11.8 7.4 450 17.3 13.6Land for agencies, schools 43.8 6.3 2.2 70 4.7 2.9 120 4.6 3.6Historic and cultural relics 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.5Non-civil land 165.5 23.9 8.4 400 26.7 16.7 558 21.5 16.9Industrial land 104.9 15.1 5.3 200 13.3 8.3 350 13.5 10.6Security, defence sector 7.0 1.0 7.0 0.5 7.0Outsidecityconimunication 31.0 4.5 1.6 165 11.0 6.9 165 6.3 5.0Infrastructure junctions, 22.7 3.3 1.1 28.3 1.9 1.2 36 1.4 1.1irrigation, cemeteryOther land 160 240 400

The proposal for land use in Van Mieu wards is presented in Drawing 2.

Planning for infrastructure development

Urban traffic road network

The urban traffic road network includes outside-city roads and inner city roads, whichare planned to be constructed as follows:

Traffic routes serving external relation activities:

-National Highway No 21 will be widened for 4 traffic lanes with 15 m wide roadbedand the 20 m passage of each side

-National Highway No 10 has been widened for 4 traffic lanes, road bed is 2 x 7.5m,crash barrier lm and passage of each side 20m, the inner city section will be widenedaccording to the urban road standard

-Provincial roads No 12, 38 and 55 will be widened according to Grade III roadstandard with cross section of 12m, the inner city section will be widened according tothe urban road standard

-The existing railways remain unchanged, the railways station is expanded andimproved

-The waterways will be maintained and commodities and passengers' ports will beconstructed to ensure capacity of loading and unloading of 150,000 - 600,000 tonnesper year

-Two bus stations serving external relation activities will be constructed to be located atthe four-way crossroads of national highway No 21 and No 10 and at the three-waycrossroads of national highway No 21 and provincial road No 55

Inner city roads and streets:

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-The existing cross-section of road and line direction remain unchanged, upgradingroad surface, constructing underground works and pavements, widening some narrowsections, constructing roads in old areas, which have low density or low quality ofroads. In new urban areas traffic will be organized with belt-roads connecting maintraffic routes of the urban area.

-Sectional streets are arranged in chessboard form with distance of 300-400 m-Design criteria are that density of main road is 7 km/kM2; the width for one lane is 3.5-

3.75 m; and the width pedestrian lane is 0.75m.

Water supply system

The water supply system will be constructed according to the approved planning. Rawwater source is the Dao River. One water treatment plant with capacity of 75,000m3 perday serving the Northern area of the Dao River and another in the Southern area of theDao River with capacity of 35,000m3 per day will be constructed. The network isconstructed to ensure the safe water supply to 85% of urban population with thestandard of 130 litres per person per day in the year 2005 and 150 litres per person perday in the year 2020.

Ground levelling, drainage system and waste water treatment

In constructed areas, where ground level varies from 20 - 40m, the existing ground levelremains unchanged. For rehabilitation and new construction internal levelling isrequired to ensure combination with the surrounding ground level and to avoid affectinggeneral drainage. New construction sites must be according to the planning approved in1994.

A separate drainage system is applied to the old urban area and also to newlyconstructed areas. For urbanized communes, a general drainage system of internalprocessing will be constructed. The drainage will be done by gravity if the water level inthe river and in the drainage channel is below 1.8m; and by pumping if the water level ishigher than 1.8m. Newly constructed Quan Chuot pumping station with capacity of16.4m3/s and improvement of the main drainage channel T3-11 are in synchronous withthe construction of pumping station.

The culvert network of the city will be improved and reconstructed by using reinforcedconcrete culvert along and between the two pavements to collect wastewater. In order tolimit the depth of excavations, it is expected to construct 8 pumping stations withcapacity from 3,300m3 /day to 72,000m3 /day.

Domestic wastewater is proposed to be collected and will be treated in wastewatertreatment plant: Ml wastewater treatment plant with capacity of 72,000m3 per daywould serve the northern area of the Dao River and M2 wastewater treatment withcapacity of 12,000m3/day would serve the Southern area of the Dao River. Aftertreatment wastewater would satisfy the standard TCVN 1942 - 1995 for class A.

Industrial wastewater is proposed to be collected and treated in two wastewatertreatment plants: M3 wastewater treatment plant with capacity of 3,200m per daywould serve the industrial zone located along national highway No 21 and M4wastewater treatment plant with capacity of 2,300m3 per day would serve the industrialzone located along national highway NolO. Wastewater discharged from plants andfactories located in industrial zones must be treated according to TCVNl942 - 1995.Class A should be reached before discharging into the environment.

Solid waste management

Solid waste accumulation is calculated to be 0.8kg per person in the year 2005. Solidwaste collection and transportation would be expanded based on the existing model.

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Nam Dirnh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

Solid w aste w ill b e t reated i n c omposting p lant. A bout 3 0 c ollection s tations w ill b econstructed with 2-8m3 size containers. Hazardous waste and hospital waste will besorted at source for processing.

Power supply and telecommunication

A transmission line 220kV and a transformer station 220/1 1OkV located in Khu Tamwith capacity of 2 x 125MVA would be, constructed to supply power to the whole area.It is planned to construct transformer stations 110/22kV My Xa (with capacity of I x40MVA) and Khu Tam (with capacity of 1 x 25MVA) to supply power to the city,removing Phi Truong transformer station. The medium voltage grid is changed intovoltage 22kV, replacing the existing civil transformer stations (there are about 240stations with total capacity of 60,OOOkVA) and about 100 new transformer stations withtotal additional capacity of 28,OOOkVA will be constructed. Underground cable with12km of 22kV - medium voltage transmission line for the central area, 28.6Km ofoverhead transmission line 22kV low voltage lines and urban lighting would beconstructed.

Social infrastructure development

The city will carry out programs to improve cultural sites, areas of outstanding naturalbeauty and service infrastructure such as constructing roads to these places, improvingmonumental areas such as the traditional lake, the Tran temple area, Thap pagoda; andconstructing and upgrading hotels, guesthouses, restaurants and entertainment resorts.

The city will consolidate the existing network of commercial establishments, developgeneral business and open two new trading centres at city level in the northern andsouthern areas of the Dao River and construct four trading centres at district level.

Concerning education and training the existing establishments will be maintained andupgraded. In the northern area of the city is proposed to be universities and vocationaltraining schools focusing on cultural and social education, garment and textile andtechnical engineering. Schools should be arranged equally in the city and in residentialareas in order to make sure that 100% of pupils can go to school.

Housing development would be focusing on repairing and improving the existinghouses located in the old urban area and for new construction according to modernstandard in the new construction sites.

Public health development would be focusing on intensive development of the existingestablishments, especially central hospitals, general hospitals and on constructinghospitals at district level in the new development areas.

Recreational development would be focusing on improving and upgrading the existingcentres for sport and gymnastics and constructing a centre for sport and gymnastics atregional level of Red River delta in the western direction to Tuc Mac park with area of100 - 120ha. Also the other park system will be developed.

EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE IN NAM DINH CITY

Traffic network

Nam Dinh City there is two crossing road lines. National highway No 10 linking NinhBinh, Nam Dinh, Thai Binh, Hai Phong and Quang Ninh is crossing the city along1Okm. National highway No 21A linking Ha Tay, Hoa Binh, Ha Nam and Nam Dinhgoes through the city centre along 8 km. In addition, there are three provincial roads No.38, 12 and 55 linking the city with provincial centres.

December 2003


On the city area there are urban traffic roads linking arteries, branch streets and alleys,which create a chessboard-styled traffic network. However, due to many years ofinsufficient investment, the urban traffic network has been seriously degraded especiallyinside the l iving quarters. P eople have c ontributed all the upgrading and m aintainingactivities for those roads themselves.

At present, there are 60.53km of roads under provincial management, 10.41km undercity municipal management, 85.31km under commune and ward management and97.92km under community management. Most of the roads are relatively narrow (from5.5m to 15m), roadbed is rock and surface is macadam mixed with bitumen. In thewhole city only 4.2km of roads is covered by asphalt.

Besides the roads, there is a North-South railway line crossing Nam Dinh. The RedRiver and the Dao River link the city to big economic centres of the region. Watertransport has played important role in transportation of the goods and materials betweenNam Dinh City and other local areas.

Water supply system

Nam Dinh City's water supply system was established after the French constructed NamDinh Textile Company. After many years of renovation and extension there is a rathercomplete water production and supply system in the city, including a water treatmentplant with capacity of 50,000m3 /day using surface water from the Dao River. The watersupply network includes 48.971km pipe with diameter from 100 to 600mm, mostlymade by cast iron, and hundreds of kilometres of service pipes with less 100mmdiameter, which are mostly of galvanized pipes and PE pipes. In the near future, withtwo loans from French government and local budget, Nam Dinh Water SupplyCompany continues constructing and expanding capacity of the water treatment plant to75,000m3/day and extending the network of transmission and water supply pipesaccording to the approved City Master Plan and actively construct a service pipenetwork and house connections.

At present Nam Dinh Water Supply Company has 38,000 customers and is able tosupply clean water for approximately 70% urban population. About 65% of customershave water meter.

Annual water production is 12,000,000m3 ; annual water loss is 6,600,000m3 (NRW55%) and turnover in 2001 was 14.8 billion VND, of which 11 billion VND was fromwater sale and the rest from installation.

Water tariffs are 2,500; 3,000 and 3,500VND/m3 for consumption (such prices areapplied to households who consume less than 25m3 /month, 25 to 35m3/month and morethan 35m3/month respectively); 2,800 VND/m3 for water supply to administrativeagencies; 5,000 VND/m3 for water supply for production and 6,500VND/m3 for watersupply for business and service. Generally w ater tariff is rather low compared to theproduction cost of 2,900 VND/m3 , which leads to the situation that the Water SupplyCompany cannot be affordable for operation and maintenance the network and returningloans.

Installation c ost for house connection including s ervice pipe, water meter, equipmentand labour is 1,200,000-1,500,000 VND/connection for new installation and 540,000-600,000 VND/connection for households who already have water supply contract.

Water Supply Company is a second-grade enterprise, which is affiliated to ProvincialPeople's Committee and under Department of Construction. The Water SupplyCompany employs 230 officials and workers, including 5 departments and 3 subsidiary

December 2003


enterprises. Investment for water supply system is mostly from provincial budget orcommercial or loans.

Drainage, sewage and waste water treatment system

The drainage system is combined. There are underground sluices along streets andpartly open canals or small ponds. Survey on actual situation of drainage system showsthat this many years ago constructed system is seriously degraded. Total length of thedrainage system is about 24,883km with diameter of 400 to 1400mm.

The whole drainage system of the city can be divided into two main basins: northeastbasin and southwest basin. In 1997-2001 the southwest basin of the city has beenrenovated with Swiss government's support. Kenh Gia Pumping Station with capacity of12m 2/s has been constructed; the main drain canal Kenh Gia with total length of 4.4kmhas been rehabilitated and upgraded; and drainage system inside the city has beenconstructed. In spite of the construction of the pumping station and the improvement ofmain drainage canal, the flood situation has not been improved significantly because thesecondary and tertiary drainage system has not been rehabilitated to adequate capacity.

The northeast drainage basin has not been upgraded, yet, and the drainage capacity isvery low. In 1999-2001 with Swiss government's support, Nam Dinh City finished theMaster Plan for the drainage system of the City and set up a Feasibility Study fordrainage of northeast basin. At present, the Master Plan and the Feasibility Study areunder approval and investment capital for implementation is still open.

Urban Public Work Company is in charge of the management and operation andmaintenance of the drainage system. Besides the management of drainage system, thecompany have other duties related to urban infrastructure such as cemetery, street-lighting system and public works. The company employs 220 officials and workers,including 3 departments and 5 production teams: street management team, drainageteam, green-park team, street lighting team and cemetery team. All expenditures for theCompany's operation are granted from the city's budget. In 2001 total granted budgetwas 1,949 million VND, of which 557 million VND for drainage, 110 million VND forstreet lighting, 782 million VND for park and 500 million VND for cemetery.

At p resent there i s no wastewater c ollection and treatment system. All wastewater i sdirectly discharged to the environment and there is a risk to contaminate raw watersource of the City. It would be necessary to prepare a Master Plan for wastewatercollection and treatment in order to create a legal framework for investment project.

Solid waste collection and treatment system

According to collected data waste volume of the city is currently estimated to be 20tones/day, of which Urban Environment Company (URENCO) collect 70%. URENCOis also responsible for cleaning septic tank if required. URENCO hasl 8 lorries modifiedfrom normal lorries to transport solid waste from existing 13 transfer stations to LocHoa landfill. Nam Dinh Urban Development Project has purchased a waste compactorfor URENCO, however, this equipment has not been used because the landfill does notmeet the needed technical condition.

Waste collection is mostly done using pushcarts. There are 351 workers to collect solidwaste. Solid waste is collected at certain points along streets and transported to Loc Hoalandfill. Loc Hoa landfill was opened inl994 and there are 8 chambers for solid waste,but now chambers are full. Since August 2001 the city has invested from the provincialbudget for construction of further 20 chambers, which ensure capacity of storage for 10years. A composting plant for municipal waste with capacity of 250 tones/day wascompleted in May 2003.

December 2003


Operation of URENCO is funded substantially from the city's budget (up to 80% of totalexpenditure) because the cost of solid waste collection is 3,000 VND/household/montliand only 80% of households are charged. The service quality has not met requirement ofpeople because the methods of solid waste collection and transport have not beenappropriate because there are no transfer stations. URENCO does not have propermeans of transport and most of current ones are old and in low condition. Themanagement of the landfill is limited and people living in the surrounding areas havestopped the garbage vehicles, which has caused break to solid waste collection of thewhole city for 5 to 7 days.

Power supply and information system

Electricity supply of Nam Dinh City is from the national electricity grid 110kV throughthe Phi Truong transformer station lx16+1x25MVA-1 10/35/6kV. The wire grid insidethe city is mostly overhead and hung on reinforced concrete piles along streets. Thereare about 240 civil transformer stations with total capacity of 60,OOOkVA supplyinglow-tension power to the whole city. The city's electrical grid has been renovated andupgraded remarkably in order to supply electricity to consumption and production for100% of urban households. All households have electricity meters and loss rate on thegrid has been reduced significantly.

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Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 17Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

ANNEX 4

Report on Environmental Data Collection for Environment Impact Assessment of Upgrading TertiaryInfrastructure in Low-income Areas in Phase 1

Consultants, Designers &Constructors

Unedited original version

December 2003


namdinh city municipal peoples' committeenamdinh city wb project management unit

vietnam urban upgrading project

sub project on upgrading infrastructure in low income areas ofnamdinh city

reporton environment data collection for environment

impact assessment of upgrading tertiaryinfrastructure in low income area in phase 1

prepared by: consultants - Designers & constructors

september 2003

December 2003

Vietnamil urban Upgrading Project 19Nam Dinii City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmenital Impact Assessment - Annexes





impact assessment of upgrading tertiaryinfrastructure in low income area in phase 1


september 2003

December 2003


1. Purpose

The sub project on upgrading infrastructure in low income areas of Namdinh city under the VietnamUrban Upgrading Project will be implemented in Namdinh city in 3 phases: phase 1 will beimplemented from 2004 to 2006 and other phases will be implemented from 2007 to 2010. In phase1, tertiary infrastructure of Vanmieu low income area with area 37.7ha and 2,797 households will beupgraded including: roads and alleys; drainage and sewerage sewers, public lighting system, garbagetransferring stations, public toilets and social utilities such as health care station, public entertainmentplaces. For promoting effectiveness of upgrading tertiary infrastructure, some items of relatedprimary and secondary infrastructure such as Vuban road, Giai phong road and main box culvertalong Ninhbinh road from Giaphong road to Kenh Gia canal will be upgraded.

Due to upgrading, some households have to removed and one resettlement site for approx. 250households is planned to be constructed in Loc an commune, next to the Vanmieu ward.

For preparation of EIA of the project, the consultant for design of tertiary infrastructure is required tocollect data of the existing environmental conditions of the upgrading area and resettlement area.

2. Methodology

Base on preliminary investigation on project area, the Consultant considers that the environmentconditions of the project area is simple and homogenous. However, basic environment data of thisarea is nor established.

For collection of environment data, the Consultant has made sampling and analyzing. Sampling andanalyzing have been carried out by staff and laboratory of the Department on Standardization, Qualityand Measurement under the Namdinh Provincial Department of Science and Technology. Some otherdata such as number of households served by piped water, sanitation conditions are collected fromspecialized department of/and from socio-economical survey with over 350 random samples.

3. Result

3.1 Environmental condition at tertiary infrastructure3.1.1 Water environmenta/ Water supply

Water resource % householdPiped 97,3Others (public clean water well) 2,7

Water usage (supplied by Nam Dinh Water Supply Company): average 1301/ person-day.

b/ DrainageConnected to % household

Sewer 73,1Having septic tank 10,2Direct outside 6,8Self-drain 9,9

Discharge of wastewater: 901/ person-day.c/ Water quality at open channel

Water in open channel (discharge point of the project area - see drawing) is taken and analyzed 2times. Quality of water is presented below:

December 2003


1. Purpose

The sub project on upgrading infrastructure in low income areas of Namdinh city under the VietnamUrban Upgrading Project will be implemented in Namdinh city in 3 phases: phase 1 will beimplemented from 2004 to 2006 and other phases will be implemented from 2007 to 2010. In phase1, tertiary infrastructure of Vanmieu low income area with area 37.7ha and 2,797 households will beupgraded including: roads and alleys; drainage and sewerage sewers, public lighting system, garbagetransferring stations, public toilets and social utilities such as health care station, public entertainmentplaces. For promoting effectiveness of upgrading tertiary infrastructure, some items of relatedprimary and secondary infrastructure such as Vuban road, Giai phong road and main box culvertalong Ninhbinh road from Giaphong road to Kenh Gia canal will be upgraded.

Due to upgrading, some households have to removed and one resettlement site for approx. 250households is planned to be constructed in Loc an commune, next to the Vanmieu ward.For preparation of EIA of the project, the consultant for design of tertiary infrastructure is required tocollect data of the existing environmental conditions of the upgrading area and resettlement area.

2. Methodology

Base on preliminary investigation on project area, the Consultant considers that the environmentconditions of the project area is simple and homogenous. However, basic environment data of thisarea is nor established.

For collection of environment data, the Consultant has made sampling and analyzing. Sampling andanalyzing have been carried out by staff and laboratory of the Department on Standardization, Qualityand Measurement under the Namdinh Provincial Department of Science and Technology. Some otherdata such as number of households served by piped water, sanitation conditions are collected fromspecialized department of/and from socio-economical survey with over 350 random samples.

3. Result

3.1 Environmental condition at tertiary infrastructure3.1.1 Water environmenta/ Water supply

Water resource % householdPiped 97,3Others (public clean water well) 2,7

Water usage (supplied by Nam Dinh Water Supply Company): average 1301/ person-day.

b/ DrainageConnected to % household

Sewer 73,1Having septic tank 10,2Direct outside 6,8Self-drain 9,9

Discharge of wastewater: 901/ person-day.c/ Water quality at open channel

Water in open channel (discharge point of the project area - see drawing) is taken and analyzed 2times. Quality of water is presented below:

December 2003


Parameter Value TCVNNo

29/10/2002 05/11/2002 6772-20031 Temperature (°C) 30 25 452 pH 7,5 7,5 5-93 SS (mg/i) 32 40 2004 COD (mg/i) 350 350 4005 BOD5 (mg/I) 129,6 120,6 1006 DO (mg/l) 5 5 27 Total N (mg/i) 58,5 50,5 608 Total P (mg/i) 0,67 0,67 89 Coliform 240.000 240.000 10.000

(MNP/100ml)

3.1.2 Solid wasteParameter Value

Waste generated (kg/ person-day) 0,646Total waste generated per year (T) 2660% collected 91,5%Other method (throw to ponds, any where, bum of filled .. ) 8,5%

3.1.3 FloodParameter Value

Flood areas mien 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 11, 12Frequency 5-6 times/ yearDuration 2-3 days/ weekWater level 20-50cmReason - No sewer

- Blockage of sewer- Low level

3.1.4 Air quality

a/ Air quality from household complains (% of surveyed households)Parameter % household

Odor 63,2Noise 19,3Dust 40,5Reason - Near public toilet, solid waste

- Traffic- Near home industry

b/ Air quality from samples analyzing

The quality of air were measured 2 times at two different points at project area: KI at residentarea (mien) 3 and K2 at resident area 9 (the location of sampling points see attached drawing).The result of analyzing is presented below:

December 2003


No Parameters Value

29/10/2002 05/11/2002KI K2 K1 K2

1 Noise (dBA) 70,5 59,5 59,5 59,5*2 Dust (mg/m3 ) 0,14 0,14 0,1 0,133 S02 (mg/m3) 0,005 0,006 0,004 0,0054 NO2 (mg/M3) KPH KPH KPH KPH5 CO (mg/m3 ) KPH KPH KPH KPH6 H2S (mg/mr3 ) KPH KPH KPH KPH

(KPH: not detected)

3.1.5 Dredged sludge and construction waste

Amount of sludge dredged from existing sewer: (Estimated with the depth of sludge is 0.2m inmanhole and 0.15m in channel): 170m3.

Quality of dredged sludge: the constituent of wastewater is mainly organic substance.

Transport options: Dredged sludge should be transported by special means.

Disposal site: City landfill, the dredged sludge should be used for covering.

Construction waste: this waste should be re-used in construction or disposed at landfill.

3.2 Existing environmental condition of the related primary & secondary infrastructure

3.2.1 Water environment

The proposed items in related primary & secondary infrastructure are widening Giai phong roadand upgrading Vu Ban and Ninh Binh roads. As there are no drainage systems at these roads, sothe main pollution resource is from the open trench. In the future, all the wastewater from projectarea as well as from southwest sub-catchments of the city will be discharged to open canal Kenhgia. So the quality of water in Kenh gia should be the concern as the impact from these influents.

No. Parameter Unit Value1 pH mg/l 7,352 COD mg/l 1303 BOD5 mg/l 1104 SS mg/l 1605 Total P mg/l 4,516 Total N mg/l 71,27 Oil mg/l 0,47

(Source: Report on result of measured and analyzed water environmnent at Namdinh Province -2002 - DOSTE Namdinh).

3.2.2 Air qualityThere were no reports on air quality at this area. However, as these roads are primarycommunication, so this area might be polluted by dust and noise.

3.2.3 Transport and dispose solution for construction wasteThe construction waste from construction of primary infrastructure should be transported bycovered truck or re-used in construction.

December 2003


3.3 Environmental condition at resettlement area

The resettlement area for phase 1 is located at existing fishing ponds, so the environmentalcondition a t t his a rea i s s imilar t o w hich a t t he t ertiary a rea ( for r eference s ee p art 3.1 a t t hisreport). However, as these fishing ponds are on a lease to households, so the impacts ofresettlement to these households should be taking into account.

In the future, an open channel will be constructed at project area and it would be a resource ofenvironment pollution. However, the location of this channel has not been approved at this time.When the location of this channel is decided, a survey on water quality at this open channelshould be taken.

Solution for drainage at resettlement area: All wastewater from this area will be discharged tonew open channel.

4. Annex

1. Plan of sampling location

2. Result of samples analysing

December 2003

Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 24Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

ANNEX 5

Report on Environmental Data Collection for Environment Impact Assessment of UpgradingPrimary and Secondary Infrastructure

Consultants, Designers &Constructors

Unedited original version

December 2003

Victnam urban Upgrading Project 25Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes





impact assessment of upgrading primary andsecondary infrastructure for phase 1 and drainage

pumping station and drainage system fornorthern basin


november 2003

December 2003


namdinli city municipal peoples' committeenamdinh city wb project management unit



reporton environment data collection for environment impact

assessment of upgrading primary and secondaryinfrastructure for phase 1 and drainage pumping station

and drainage system for northern basin


november 2003

December 2003


1. Purpose

Sub p roj ect f or upgrading i nfrastructure i n I ow income a reas of N amdinh city under t he V ietnamUrban Upgrading Project is planned to be implemented in Namdinh city in 2 phases: phase I fromyear 2004 to year 2006 and phase 2 from year 2007 to year 2010. In phase 1, tertiary infrastructure ofVanmieu low income area with area 37.7ha and 2.797 households is proposed to be upgradedincluding roads and alleys, drainage system, public lighting, solid waste transferring stations, publictoilets a nd o ther social i nfrastructure s uch as h ealth c are station, public e ntertainment places. For

- supporting effectiveness of upgrading tertiary infrastructure, some related item of primary andsecondary infrastructure is proposed to be upgraded including Vuban and Giaiphong road, drainagebox culvert along the Ninhbinh road to Kenh Gia canal.

In addition to upgrading related primary and secondary infrastructure for Vanmieu low income area,in phase 1 of the project a completed drainage system for northern basin of the city includingQuanchuot pumping station, outlet canal to the Red river and main ring canal T3-11 is proposed to beupgraded.

Waste sludge discharged from dredging canal T3-11 is proposed to be dumped in dumping sitebelong to the Namdinh Urban Public Works i n N amvan c ommune at distance 5 km from the citycenter.

For preparation EIA of the project, the Consultants, Designers and Constructors Corporation, as asub consultants for the joint venture of the Stanley Consultants Inc. and Span Consultants is requiredto collect environmental data related to upgraded item in Vanmieu low income area, pumping station,discharge and main ring canal as well as data of area proposed to be receiver of discharge water (Redriver, Dao river ans Vinhgiang river) and sludge (Namvan dumping site).

2. Methodology

From the rapid survey of the project area, the Consultant proposes:

a/ For Vanmieu low income area, environmental conditions are relatively uniform. During theupgrading tertiary infrastructure, the Consultant has conduct baseline data for environment of wholearea (refer to the existing report). However, for upgrading related primary and secondaryinfrastructure, some other parameters have been measured and analyzed in addition:

- Air quality (noise, pollution from dust, smoke and discharged from traffic equipment) at somecrossing of main roads (crossing between Vuban and Giaiphong road, crossing between Vuban roadand road No. 10, crossing between Ninhbinh road and railway).

- Waste water (flow and quality) form main sewer to the city main ring canal (Kenh Gia canal).

- Water quality of receiving point for waste water form Kenh Gia canal (Dao river at downstream ofKenh Gia discharging point).

- Solid waste discharged from upgrading drainage system and roads (quantity and quality)b/ For pumping station and drainage system of northern basin, after the upgrading, waste waterdischarged in Dao river (at Quanchuot) and Vinhgiang river (at Cau oc bridge) in present will bediverted to the Red river (at Tan de bridge). In addition, a large volume of sediments (sludge) will bedredged and dumped in Namvan dumping site. So the Consultant has collect environmental data atsuch places planned to be affected by the upgrading as follows:

- Waste water (quantity and quality) in T3-I1 canal in different moment (rainy seasonand dry season)and at different points (at pumping station, middle point and upstream).

- Discharged sludge (quantity and quality especially heavy metals) at different points of the canal.

- Surface water at receiving points in present (Dao river at Quan chuot, Vinh giang river at Cau ocbridge) as well as in future (Red river at Tan de bridge).

- Underground water around T3-11 canal.

December 2003

Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 28Nam Dinil City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

- Baseline data of environment (air and surface water) at the Namvan dumping site.

During the study, the Consultant has collaborated with the Namdinh Department of Standards,Quality and Measurement under the Namdinh Provincial Department of Science and Technology forsample taking. All taken s amples afterward h ave been analyzed b y the Department w ith a vailablespecial equipment.

3. Results

3.1 Environment data for primary and secondary infrastructure of Vanmieu low income area

3.1.1 Air environment

Air quality is measured and analyzed at crossing point between Ninhbinh road and rail way (sampleKI), at c rossing between V uban r oad a nd road No. 1 0 (sample K 2) and at crossing p oint betweenVuban and Giaiphong roads (sample K4). Results of analyzing are presented in table below:

No. Parameter Unit TCVN Value (sampling date5937:1990 25/11/2003)

Kl K2 K4I Discharged air1 CO mg/m3 40 5.0 4.5 2.02 SO2 mg/m3 0,5 0.5 0.3 0.23 NO, mg/m3 0,4 0.1 0.2 0.1II Suspended dust mg/m3 0,3 0.48 0.35 0.42II Noise level dBA 75 79.5 69.5 76.7

Note: value for SS and noise is average from 10 serial measurements

location of sampling point refer to the map attached in annex I

3.1.2 Waste water

A box sewer witt size 2.2m x 2m is planned to be constructed along the Ninhbinh road for drain waterfrom Vanmieu ward to Kenh Gia canal at Gia bridge. This is combine sewer used for waste water andrain water. Waste water flow in dry season is approx. l,OOOm3/day and in rainy season is approx.70,200m3/day (including waste water and rain water from designed rain with recurrent period 1Oyears). Water quality of Kenh Gia canal at Gia bridge (sample point M4 on the map in annex 1) ispresented in table below (sampling date 19/11/2003):

No. Parameter Unit TCXD 188.1996 Value(M4)

Class A Class B1 pH - 6,0-9,0 5,0-9,0 7.82 Suspended solid mg/l - - 2083 Total solid mg/l 50 100 2284 BOD5, 200C mg/l 20 50 28.15 NO3 mg/l 50 - 11.66 P04

3 - mg/l - - 4.3

7 Coliform MNP/l00 5.000 10.000 76,000ml

Decembcr 2003


3.1.3 Surface waterKenh Gia is main ring canal for whole west-southern basin of Namdinh city. Waste water and rainwater from Kenh Gia canal will be discharged to Dao river. Water quality of Dao river at receivingpoint (at distance 80m from discharging point and coded as NI on the map in annex) is presented intable below (sampling date 19/11/2003):

No. Parameter Unit TCVN 5942.1995 Value(N1)

A B1 pH - 6-8,5 6-8,5 7.82 DO mg/l Ž6 Ž2 8.83 COD mg/l < 10 <35 116.64 BOD5, 20°C mg/l < 4 <25 22.15 Suspended solid mg/l 20 80 2046 Coliform MNP/100 5.000 10.000 14,000

ml

3.1.4 Construction wasteConstruction of Giaiphong road and drainage sewers along the Vuban and Ninhbinh roads willdischarge a volume of construction waste of approx. 17,700m3. This waste is almost soil with rocks,concrete, sand and gravel from demolishing of the existing houses and structures. This waste doesn'tcontain harmful contents and is not potential pollutant to the environment. This waster may be reusedas land filling material for low laying areas in resettlement site or surround places.

3.2 Environment data of Quanchuot pumping station, outlet discharge and main ring canal forthe northern basin

3.2.1 Waste waterMain ring canal T3-1I1 receives all waste water and rain water from the northern basin of tte city.Water flow in dry season is approx. 31 ,OOOm3/day and in rainy season is approx. 1,296,000m3/day(including waste water and rain water from designed rain with recurrent period of 10 years). Waterquality of the main ring canal in both seasons is presented in table below:

N Parameter Unit TCXD In rainy season In dry seasono. 188:1996 (sampling date (sampling date

27/8/2003) 19/11/2003)Loli A Loli B Ml M2 M3 Ml M2 M3

1 pH mg/i 6,0-9,0 5,0-9,0 7.0 7.1 6.9 7.5 7.2 7.62 DO mg/l - - 5.0 5.2 5.1 - - -

3 COD mg/l 50 100 307.6 192.3 230.7 - - -

4 BOD5 20 mg/l 20 50 77.6 48.1 53.7 24.1 26.2 24.2OC

5 N03- mg/I 50 - 22.4 28.0 28.0 8.2 10.5 9.76 P04 > mg/l - - 2.5 2.2 2.3 3.8 8.37 6.47 Total solid mg/l 50 100 - - - 198 205 2328 Coliform MNP 5.000 10.000 240,00 240,00 240,00 14,00 71,00 32,00

/ 0 0 0 0 0 0100ml

Code of samples (refer to the map in annex 1).Ml: at the Quan chuot pumping stationM2: at Loc ha bridge on Phu nghia road

December 2003


M3: at Hung vuong extension road in front of Song hong gannent factory

3.2.2 Surface waterIn dry season, water from T3-l 1 canal is discharged to Vinh giang river at Cau oc and in rainy seasonis discharged to Dao river at Phu long village, My tan commune. In future, water from T3-1 1 canalwill be discharged mainly to Red river in both seasons. However, as a provision, water from T3-l 1may be discharged partly to Vinh giang river in dry season for maintenance of T3- 1 and pumpingstation. Water quality at the existing discharge point in Dao river (sample N5), Red river (sample N2)and Vinh giang river (sample N3) and in Do lake (sample N4) is presented in table below (location ofsampling point see the map in annex 1):

No Parameter Unit TCVN In rainy season In dry season5942:1995 (sampling date 03- (sampling date 19/111/2003)

04/5/2002)A B N5 N2 N3 N4 N5 N2 N3 N4

I pH mg/l 6-8,5 5,5-9 7.22 7.40 - - 7.7 7.5 7.2 7.62 DO mg/l Ž 6 Ž 2 9.7 8.1 - - 9.1 9.5 7.5 9.63 COD mg/l < 10 <35 38 20 - - 40.6 33.3 132 133.34 BOD 5 20 mg/l < 4 < 25 25 14 - - 10.1 3.5 25.2 15.1

OC5 Suspended mg/l 20 80 536 203 - - 217 215 220 198

solid6 Coliform MNP/ 5.00 10.00 9,00 7,00 - - 7,30 7,20 7,40 76.00

1OOm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01

3.2.3 Ground waterFor assessment polluting possibility caused by waste water from T3-I1 canal, one underground watersample is taken from 25m deep well of a family in Vinh truong village, Loc vuong commune foranalyze (sample is coded NNI on the map in annex I). Water quality is presented below (samplingdate 26/11/2003):

No. Parameter Unit TCVN Value5944.1995 (NNI)

1 pH - 6,5-8,5 7.22 Color degree Pt-Co 5-50 433 Hardness to CaCO3 mg/l 300-500 8004 Clf mg/l 200-600 798.245 Fe3+ mg/i - 1.906 Mn mg/l 0,1-0,5 KPH§7 NO3- mg/l 45 4.28 Coliform MNP/100 3 4

ml

KPH§: not detected

3.2.4 Discharged sludgeA significant volume of sludge from canal dredging will be discharged during upgrading the T3-11canal. With a depth of the sediment about 0.5m, the sludge volume is calculated about 27,500m3.Analyzing of sludge sample is shown in table below:

December 2003


No. Parameter Unit ValueB] B2 B3 B3

1 §etro % 85.25 88.8 95.5 4.952 Total solid % 24.16 43.1 27.7 1.963 Pb mg/kg 15.33 13.8 KPH§ 5.264 Cu mg/kg 20.76 17.6 2.65 0.005 Ni mg/kg 8.19 20.8 7.98 0.00

sampling date 19/11/2003 27/8/2003

Sample code (refer to the map in annex 1):B1: at bridge on Hung vuong roadB2: at bridge on Phu nglhia roadB3: at Quan chuot pumping station

3.3 Environment condition of the Nam van dumping site

3.3.1 OutlineNam van dumping site is reserved for receiving sludge discharged from annual maintenance of thesewer system in Namdinh city. The dumping site has area approx. 3ha and consists many small anddeep ponds, lakes as result from brick manufacturing. This site is far from surround residential areas,and doesn't have direct connection to other water sources. So this site is suitable for sludge storage.

3.3.2 Air environment

Result of measurement and analyzing of air environment in Namvan dumping siste (sample K3 on themap in annex 1) is presented in table below (sampling date 25/11/2003):

No. Parameter Unit TCVN Value593 7:1990 (K3)

I Discharged air1 CO mg/m3 40 1.02 SO 2 mg/m3 0,5 0.13 NO, mg/m3 0,4 0.13II Suspended dust mg/m3 0,3 0.1II Noise level dBA 60 60.5

3.3.3 Surface waterResult of analyzing water sample taken from one of the ponds (sample N5 on the map in annex 1) isshown in table below (sampling date 19/11/2003):

No. Paramleter Unit TCVN 5942:1995 Value(N5)

A B1 pH - 6-8,5 5,5-9 7.62 Suspended solid mg/l 20 80 1603 Total solid mg/l - - 187

4 BOD 5. 200C mg/l < 4 < 25 325 NO3- mg/l 10 15 7.26 P043 mg/l - - 0.057 Coliform MNP/100 5.000 10.000 18,000

ml

December 2003

Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 32Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Asscssment - Annexes

4. Annexes- Map of sampling points- Result of sample analyzing conducted by the Namdinh department of standards, quality andmeasurement

December 2003


ANNEX 6

Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Components of Phase 1

December 2003

Vietnam urban Upgradin;g Project 34Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

Annex 6.1 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Component 1: Roads and upgrading of surface

POTENTIAL MONITORING,ISSUE EXTENT IMPACTS MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS FOLLOW-UP

Air Emissions Vicinity of Minimal emissions ofNOx, CO, C02 and No measures necessary. Short-term impacts. Not required.

during construction particulates from the engines oftheConstruction equipment construction equipment and traffic will have

a small and a short-term effect on local airLocal quality and an infinitesimal effect on global

greenhouse gases.

Dust emissions from traffic related toconstruction works.

Noise during Vicinity of Short-term noise associated with Avoid working in residential areas during the night Short-term impacts Not required.

Construction construction construction works. Short-term noise effect between 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1995)

equipment. in populated areas.Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration

Local mountings and noise insulation on equipmentwhenever possible.

The contractor has to provide ear protectors forworkers when noise level in the working placeexceeds 85 dB and train h1ow to use them.

Air Emissions Local Most probably traffic will increase and Avoid bypassing traffic, only local traffic. Long-term permanent impacts. Regular air quality monitoring

and Noise during therefore amount of air emissions, noise and along the busiest alleys.

Operation traffic jams will be increased. Avoid to use low-quality motorbikes causing highamount of air emissions.

Social and Local Access to houses will be improved and more Long-term permanent impacts.

Financial possibilities for small-scale business.

ImpactsBottlenecks in traffic will be decreased andtraffic will flow smoothly.

Regular follow-up of number

Number of traffic accidents might increase Traffic education to everybody but especially for of traffic accidents in

due to the increased traffic volume. children at kindergarten and schools. community level.

December 2003

Vietnam urban Upgrading Project ' 35Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

Annex 6.2 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Component 1: Drainage along the roads

POTENTIAL MONITORING,ISSUE EXTENT IMPACTS MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS FOLLOW-UP

Air Emissions Vicinity of MinimIal emissions of NOx, CO C02 and No measures necessary. Minimal impacts. Not required.

during construction particulates from the engines of the rehabilitationConstruction equipment equipment and traffic will have a small and a short

term effect on local air quality and anLocal infinitesimnal effect on global greenhouse gases.

Noise during Vicinity of Short-term noise associated with construction Avoid working in residential areas during the night between 10 Short-term impacts. Not required.

Construction construction wvorks. Short-term noise effect in populated areas. p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1995)equipment.

Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration mountingsLocal and noise insulation on equipment whenever possible.

The contractor has to provide ear protectors for workers whennoise level in the working place exceeds 85 dB and train how touse them.

Construction and Local along the Overall improvement of drainage system. Construction has to be done according to the Bidding Documents. Major positive impact on the Construction

Operation of alleys Decrease of flooding. overall environmental and management

Drainage Regulations given in General Specification of Bidding Documents hygienic conditions. supervision.

Improved hygienic and environmental conditions conceming protection of construction sites, working conditionsin the Van Mieu ward. No big changes to the and safety regulations have to be followed. Long-term positive impacts. Regular monitoring of

recipient water bodies. Short-term negative impacts conditions of drainageDuring operation regular cleaning of drains. Solid waste during construction and system including

Does not solve all drainage problems in Van Mieu management along the drains has to be organised to stop people dredging. amount of garbage on

area. throwing garbage on drains. drains.

December 2003



Annex 6.3 Identification, Management aiid Monitoring of Impacts related to Component 1: Street Lighting

ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORING,

Air Emissions Vicinity of Minimal emissions of NOx, CO, C02 and No measures necessary. Minimal impacts. Not required.

during construction particulates from the engines of theConstruction equipment rehabilitation equipment and traffic will

have a small and a short term effect on localLocal air quality and an infinitesimal effect on

global greenhouse gases.

Noise during Vicinity of Short-term noise associated with Avoid working in residential areas during the night Short-term impacts. Not required.

Construction construction construction works. Short-term noise effect between 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1995)

equipment. in populated areas.Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration

Local mountings and noise insulation on equipmentwhenever possible.

The contractor has to provide ear protectors forworkers when noise level in the working placeexceeds 85 dB and train how to use them.

Construction and Local Improvement of security and safety situation Construction has to be done according to the Long-term positive impacts. Construction management

Operation of and decrease of accidents due to the better Bidding Documents. supervision.

Street Lighting lighting during evening and night.Supply System Regulations given in General Specification of Operation monitored on the

Improvement of possibilities for legal Bidding Documents concenling protection of community level.

business life. construction sites, working conditions and safetyregulations have to be followed.

During operation O&M has to be done, immediaterepairing of broken lamps or any other breakages.

December 2003

* ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ * 3Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 37


Annex 6.4 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Compoiient 1: Public toilets

ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORING,IMPACTS FOLLOW-UP


during construction particulates from the engines of the rehabilitation

Construction equipment equipment and traffic will have a small and a shorttenn effect on local air quality and an

Local infitnitesimal effect on global greenhouse gases.

Foul odour during emptying and cleaning old Septage has to be removed by proper equipment to the landfill or

public toilets for upgrading . other suitable place agreed with URENCO.


Construction construction works. Short-tenm noise effect in populated areas. p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1995)

equipment.Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration mountings

Local and noise insulation on equipment whenever possible.

The contractor has to provide ear protectors for workers whennoise level in the working place exceeds 85 dB and train how to

use them.

Construction and Local Improvement of hygienic and health situation. on Construction has to be done according to the Bidding Documents. Long-term positive Constnrction

Operation of the community level. Regulations given in General Specification of Bidding Documents impacts. management

Water Supply conceming protection of construction sites, working conditions supervision.

System People are encouraged to construct their own and safety regulations have to be followed.

toilets.Management and O&M has to be arranged, othetnvise the positive Cleanliness of toilets

impacts are short-term. Especially cleaning and emptying of septic monitored on the

tanks on regular basis are necessary. community level.

December 2003

Vietniam urban Upgrading Project 38

Nam Dinih City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

Annex 6.5 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Component 1: Solid Waste Transfer Stations

MONITORI

ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS FOLLOW-

UP

Air Emissions Vicinity of Possible emission of methane on local air quality No measures necessary. Minimal impacts. Not required.

during operation collection sites and an infinitesimal effect on global greenhousegases. Community groups have to select location of transfer sites to Community

Local avoid complains. level monitoring

Foul odour next to collection site. of cleanliness

Sites have to be kept clean to avoid odour problems. and odour ofsites.

Operation of Vicinity of Permanent impact on the vicinity of collection Community groups have to select location of collection sites to Permanent both positive Community

collection sites collection sites. sites. Increase of traffic. Possible foul odour and avoid complains. There should be easy access to everybody. and negative impacts. level monitoring

increase of insects, rats and vermin. of cleanliness,

Local Spreading of solid waste into surroundings has to be prevented. odour and

Sites have to be kept clean to avoid odour and vermin problems. vermin.

December 2003


Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmenital Impact Assessment - Aninexes

Annex 6.6 Idenitification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Component 1: Social Infrastructure, Health Centre and

Market

ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS FOLLOW-UP

Air Emissions Vicinity of Minimal emissions of NOx, CO, C02 and No measures necessary. Minimal impacts Not required.

during construction site. particulates from the engines of the rehabilitation during construction.

Construction Local equipment and traffic will have a small and a shortterm effect on local air quality and aninfinitesimal effect on global greenhouse gases.

Noise during Vicinity of Short-term noise associated with construction Avoid working in residential areas during the night between 10 Short-term impacts Not required.

Construction construction site. works. Short-term noise effect in populated areas. p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1995) during construction

Local Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration mountingsand noise insulation on equipment whenever possible.


Construction has to be done according to the Bidding Documents.Regulations given in General Specification of Bidding Documents Constructionconceming protection of construction sites, working conditions managementand safety regulations have to be followed. supervision

Operation Vicinity of Overall improvement of social infrastructure of O&M of the facilities has to be organised, and possible breakages Major permanent Regular monitoring of

facilities. the area. repaired immediately. positive impact on the conditions of facilitiesoverall social on community level.

L ocal, regional Improvement of health situation has long-term Surroundings of the facilities have to be kept clean and tidy. conditions.

positive impacts. Old and sick can have medicaltreatment near their home.

Improvement of hygienic situation around market.Increase of traffic around the facilities increasesthe possibility of traffic accidents.

December 2003



Annex 6.7 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Component 1: Construction of Van Mieu Lake and

Recreational Area

MONITORIN

ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS G,FOLLOW-UP


during construction particulates from the engines of the rehabilitationConstruction equipmcnt equipment and traffic will have a small and a short

term effect on local air quality and anLocal infinitesimal effect on global greenhouse gases.

Possible foul odour from sediment duringdreading.


Construction construction works. Short-term noise effect in populated areas. p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1995)

equipment.Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration mountings

Local and noise insulation on equipment whenever possible.


Construction and Local Change of land use and use of fishponds. Construction has to be done according to the Bidding Documents. Major positive impact Construction

Operation of on the overall management

Drainage Regulations given in General Specification of Bidding Documents environmental and supervision.

concenming protection of construction sites, working conditions social conditions.

Possibility have some recreation near living area and safety regulations have to be followed. Regular

is important especially for children, old people Long-term positive monitoring of

and women who want to have safe place to have Excavated material has to be analysed to decide the disposal impacts. conditions of lake

their exercise. method. If possible the excavated material should be used for the Short-term negative and surrounding

construction of embankment to avoid transportation. impacts during area.construction anddredging.

December 2003

Vietnam urban Upgrading Project ' ' p 41Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

Annex 6.8 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Component 2: Upgrading of Main Roads and relatedDrainage and Street Lighting

ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORING,

Air Emissions Vicinity of Miiimal emissions of NOx, CO, C02 and No measures necessary. Short-term impacts. Not required.

during construction particulates from the engines of theConstruction equipment construction equipment and traffic will have

a small and a short-term effect on local airLocal quality and an infinitesimal effect on global

greenhouse gases.

Dust emissions from traffic related toconstruction works.

Noise during Vicinity of Short-term noise associated with Avoid working in residential areas during the night Short-term impacts Not required.

Construction construction construction works. Short-term noise effect between 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1995)equipment. in populated areas.

Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibrationLocal mountings and noise insulation on equipment

whenever possible.

The contractor has to provide car protectors forworkers when noise level in the working placeexceeds 85 dB and train how to use them.

Air Emissions Local Most probably traffic will increase and Long-term permanent Regular air quality monitoring

and Noise during therefore amount of air emissions, noise and impacts. along the roads.

Operation traffic jams will be increased.

Social and Local Access between different areas will be Long-term permanent

Financial improved and more possibilities for small- impacts.

Impacts scale business.

Bottlenecks in traffic will be decreased andtraffic will flow smoothly. Regular follow-up of number of

traffic accidents in communityConstruction of drainage system will level.

decrease flooding.

Number of traffic accidents might increase Traffic education to everybody but especially fordue to the increased traffic volume. Street children at kindergarten and schools.lighting makes it safer to move during thedark.

December 2003


Annex 6.9 Identirication, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Component 3: Resettlement Site

ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS FOLLOW-UP

Selection and Local Need of resettlement in the proposed area. Resettlement site has to be located in sparsely populated area Short-term impacts. Instructions given inDesign of to avoid additional need of resettlement. However, site has to RAP have to beResettlement Site be close enough to the area from where the PAPs are followed.

relocated to avoid social problems.

Design of site has to be done according to the agreed designstandards and regulations. Surrounding land use and facilitieshave to be considered.

Air Emissions Vicinity of Minimal emissions of NOx, CO, C02 and No measures necessary. Minimal impacts. Not required.during construction particulates from the engines of the rehabilitationConstruction equipment equipment and traffic will have a small and a short

term effect on local air quality and an infinitesimalLocal effect on global greenhouse gases.

Noise during Vicinity of Short-term noise associated with construction. Short- Avoid working in residential areas during the night between Short-term impacts. Not required.Construction construction site. term noise effect in populated areas. 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1995)

Local Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibrationmountings and noise insulation on equipment wheneverpossible.

The contractor has to provide ear protectors for workerswhen noise level in the working place exceeds 85 dB andtrain how to use them.

Construction of Local Change of landscape from agricultural area to living Construction has to be done according to the Bidding Long-term positive ConstructionResettlement Site area. Documents. Regulations given in General Specification of impacts. management

Possible impacts on hydraulic capacity of the Bidding Documents conceming protection of construction supervision.drainage system. sites, working conditions and safety regulations have to bePossible soil subsidence if engineering foundation followed. All planned facilities and services have to benot done in the proper way. constructed.Short-term impacts during construction. Hydraulic capacity has to be calculated.

Soil testing has to be done.

Operation of Long-term local. Significant improvement of living conditions of No mcasures necessary. Very positive long- Follow-up of socialResettlement Site PAPs due to the proper infrastructure and services. term impacts. adaptation to the new

living area on theEstablishment of new social network and business community level.life takes time.

December 2003

Victnam urban Upgrading Project 43Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolumc 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

ANNEX 7

Examples of Mitigation Monitoring Reports

December 2003


COMPONENT 2: DRAINAGE

(I) DRAINAGE AND DREDGING MITIGATION MONITORING REPORT

NAME OF CONTRACT:

NAME OF CONTRACTOR:

LOCATION: DATE:

Mitigation Measure Monitored areas Problems and/ or Recommendationsineffectiveness to

implement mitigationmeasures

Minimise uncontrolled

spread of wastewater

Minimise spread of

solid waste

Reduce risks of

landslides

Reduce risk of

generating odour

Cover loads properly

Minimise scattering

sludge on the roads

No petroleum products

from the construction

equipment or means of

transportation should

enter to the soil,

surface water or

drainage system

NAME OF OBSERVER:POSITION OF OBSERVER:

COMPANY:

DATE AND SIGNATURE

December 2003

Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 45Nanm Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

COMPONENT 2: DRAINAGE

(2) CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT AND MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION MITIGATIONMONITORING REPORT

NAME OF CONTRACT:NAME OF CONTRACTOR:

LOCATION: DATE:

Mitigation Measure Monitored areas Problems and/ or Recommendationsineffectiveness toimplement mitigationmeasures

Minimise dustgenerated fromexcavation andlevelling activitiesMinimise dustgenerated duringtransportationMinimise exhaustedgas generated frommeans oftransportationMinimise noise andvibration in theevening in theresidential areasUse agreedtransportation routesCover loads properlyMinimise scatteringsludge on the roadsNo petroleum productsfrom the constructionequipment or means oftransportation shouldenter to the soil,surface water ordrainage system

NAME OF OBSERVER:POSITION OF OBSERVER:COMPANY:

December 2003

Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 46Nam Dinhl City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental Impact Assessment - Annexes

DATE AND SIGNATURE

COMPONENT 2: ROADS

(3) CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT AND MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION MITIGATIONMONITORING REPORT


LOCATION: DATE:

Mitigation Measure Monitored areas Problems and/ or Recommendationsineffectiveness toimplement mitigationmeasures

Minimise dustgenerated fromconstruction activitiesMinimise dustgenerated duringtransportationMinimise exhaustedgas generated frommeans oftransportationMinimise noise andvibration in theevening in theresidential areasUse agreedtransportation routesCover loads properlyMinimise scatteringsludge on the roadsNo petroleum productsfrom the constructionequipment or means oftransportation shouldenter to the soil,surface water ordrainage system


December 2003

Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 47Nani Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environmental lImpact Assessment - Annexes

DATE AND SIGNATURE

COMPONENT 2:

(4) TRANSPORTATION MITIGATION MONITORING REPORT


LOCATION: DATE:

MEASUREMENT OF AIR QUALITY

DUST ODOUR NOISE VIBRATION(mg/i) (observation: strong, (dB)

medium, weak, no odour)


DATE AND SIGNATURE

December 2003

Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 48Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environimental Impact Assessment - Annexes

COMPONENT 1:

(5) TRANSPORTATION MITIGATION MONITORING REPORT


LOCATION: DATE:

OBSERVATION OF AIR QUALITY

DUST ODOUR NOISE VIBRATION

SCALE: 1 = STRONG, IRRITATING, 2= MEDIUM, NOTICEABLE, 3 = WEEK, NOIMPACTS, 4 = NOT OBSERVABLE


DATE AND SIGNATURE

December 2003

Vietnam urban Upgrading Project 49Nam Dinh City Sub-ProjectVolume 2C: Final Environimental Impact Assessment - Annexes

ANNEX 8

Minutes of the Public Consultation and Participants

December 2003

Socialist Republic of VietnamIndependent - Freedom - Happiness

-- oOo-

MINUTE OF MEETING(Public consultation on Environmental issue

of VUUP - Nam Dinh city sub-project)

Time: 14h on 28 November 2003

Location: People 's committee of Van Mieu ward

Participator:

1. Nam Dinh PMU:

- Ms Dang Thi Lua: PMU environmental officer2. Representative of authorities:

- Mr. Nguyen van Hong- Mr. Vu Van Dung- Mr. Tran Thanh Tan

3. Community work group, representatives of organizations, community leaders asattached list

4. Environmental consultant: Nguyen Thi Ha - assistant for Internationalenvironmental consultant.

CONTENTS:1. Representative of PMU: bring up the objective and the topic of the meeting,

iintroduce environmental consultant to set forth

2. Environmental consultant:

- Introduce specific purpose of the meeting: Public consultation with project affectedpeople and getting comments from public on environmental issues and monitoringplan of the project.

- Brief the project, project components and components which are assessedenvironmental impacts as well as the dangers of environmental pollution of theproject in construction and operation, and raise mitigation measures to minimizeenvironmental impacts.

- Introduce environmental management plan, monitoring and compare to monitoringplan in CUP, get comments from community

3. Comments of community:

- Construction will impact to infrastructure as electricity, water supply, drainage..so contractor should install the new works before clearing away obstacles toconlsti uct.

- Should pay allowance to community leaders for observing environmental issue- Before doing works, should discuss with communities; doing works in tidy- Cont-actor should follow the const-uction time which agreed, pay attention to

r educe noise, dust in const-uction time.- PMU, contractor should have some officers to conslult communities about location

and environmental issue when doing works- PMU shouild have a part to collect complain of communities and solve problems- Construct all components (road, water supply, drainage, electricity...) trunt

infrastructure and tertiary infrast-ucture in synchronic way.- Constructor slhoutld have measure to ensure r ate of progress of construction work- Communities should have at least 1 community leader to cooperate supervising

with supervisor of the project.

The meeting ended at 15h 30' of the same day

Secretary Vu Van Lai

Representative of Authorities Vu Van Dung

Representative of Project Management Unit: Dang Thi Lua

Representative of communities Nguyen Vu Huan

Representative of Environmental Consultant: Nguyen Thi Ha

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