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BLACK OIL BASIC WORKFLOW FLUID EQUATIONS Reservoir Fluid Fundamentals Richard Henry [email protected] Abstract A collection of equations used during basic workflows on black‐oil fluids. COPYRIGHT

Fluid Equations 5 - Active Learnercloud1.activelearner.com/contentcloud/portals/hosted3/... · 2019-07-05 · Equation 4: Beggs & Robinson dead oil viscosity correlation Where: Oilfield

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Page 1: Fluid Equations 5 - Active Learnercloud1.activelearner.com/contentcloud/portals/hosted3/... · 2019-07-05 · Equation 4: Beggs & Robinson dead oil viscosity correlation Where: Oilfield

BLACK OIL 

BASIC WORKFLOW 

FLUID EQUATIONS 

Reservoir Fluid Fundamentals 

Richard Henry [email protected] 

Abstract A collection of equations used during basic workflows on black‐oil fluids. 

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Page 2: Fluid Equations 5 - Active Learnercloud1.activelearner.com/contentcloud/portals/hosted3/... · 2019-07-05 · Equation 4: Beggs & Robinson dead oil viscosity correlation Where: Oilfield

Contents Solution Gas‐Oil Ratio ................................................................................................................................... 2 

SI Conversions ........................................................................................................................................... 2 

Output ................................................................................................................................................... 2 

Input ...................................................................................................................................................... 2 

Formation Volume Factor ............................................................................................................................. 2 

SI Conversions ........................................................................................................................................... 3 

Output ................................................................................................................................................... 3 

Input ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 

Viscosity ........................................................................................................................................................ 3 

SI Conversions ........................................................................................................................................... 4 

Output ................................................................................................................................................... 4 

Input ...................................................................................................................................................... 4 

Density .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 

Bubble Point Pressure ................................................................................................................................... 5 

SI Conversions ........................................................................................................................................... 5 

Output ................................................................................................................................................... 5 

Input ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 

Compressibility .............................................................................................................................................. 5 

Macros .......................................................................................................................................................... 6 

Reservoir Fluid Fundamentals ═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

© PetroSkills, LLC. All rights reserved._____________________________________________________________________________________________

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Page 3: Fluid Equations 5 - Active Learnercloud1.activelearner.com/contentcloud/portals/hosted3/... · 2019-07-05 · Equation 4: Beggs & Robinson dead oil viscosity correlation Where: Oilfield

Solution Gas‐Oil Ratio 

𝑅 𝑎 𝛾 𝑝 𝑒

Equation 1: Vazquez & Beggs solution gas‐oil ratio correlation 

Where:  Oilfield 

.Rs  solution gas‐oil ratio  [scf/stb] 

.γg  primary separator gas gravity (= gas component)  [1/air] 

.γAPI  stock‐tank oil gravity ( = oil component)  [oAPI] 

.p  pressure of interest  [psia] 

.T  temperature of interest  [oF] 

.a00‐>a04 are constants 

Constant  γAPI ≤ 30 Value  Constant  γAPI > 30 Value 

a00  3.62000E‐02  a00  1.78000E‐02 

a01  1.09370E+00  a01  1.18700E+00 

a02  2.57240E+01  a02  2.39310E+01 

 a03  459.68   a03  459.68 

SI Conversions 

Output 

R𝑠msm

Rscfstb

5.61458

Input 

p psia p kPa 0.145037738

T ℉ T K 9 5 459.68 

Formation Volume Factor 

𝐵 1 𝑎 𝑅 𝑇𝛾𝛾

𝑎 𝑎 𝑅  

Equation 2: Vazquez & Beggs saturated oil formation volume factor correlation 

Where:  Oilfield 

.Bob  Saturated oil formation volume factor  [bbl/stb] 

.Rs  solution gas‐oil ratio  [scf/stb] 

.γg  primary separator gas gravity ( = gas component)  [1/air] 

.γo  stock‐tank oil gravity ( = oil component)  [1/wtr] 

.T  temperature of interest  [oF] 

Reservoir Fluid Fundamentals ═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

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Page 4: Fluid Equations 5 - Active Learnercloud1.activelearner.com/contentcloud/portals/hosted3/... · 2019-07-05 · Equation 4: Beggs & Robinson dead oil viscosity correlation Where: Oilfield

.a00‐>a03 are constants 

Constant  γAPI ≤ 30 Value  Constant  γAPI > 30 Value 

a00  4.67700E‐04  a00  4.67000E‐04 

a01  1.75100E‐05  a01  1.10000E‐05 

a02  ‐1.81100E‐08  a02  1.33700E‐09 

SI Conversions 

Output 

Bmsm

Bbblstb

1

Input 

Rscfstb

R𝑠msm

5.61458

Viscosity 

𝜇 𝑋 𝜇

𝑋 𝑎 𝑅 𝑎  

𝑋 𝑎 𝑅 𝑎  

Equation 3: Beggs & Robinson live oil viscosity correlation 

Where:  Oilfield 

.μob  saturated oil viscosity  [cP] 

.μod  dead oil viscosity  [cP] 

.Rs  solution gas‐oil ratio  [scf/stb] 

.a00‐>a08 are constants, X2‐>X3 are intermediate variables 

𝜇 10 1 

𝑋 10  

Equation 4: Beggs & Robinson dead oil viscosity correlation 

Where:  Oilfield 

.μod  dead oil viscosity  [cP] 

.γAPI  stock‐tank oil gravity ( = oil component)  [oAPI] 

.T  temperature of interest  [oF] 

.a00‐>a08 are constants, X1 is an intermediate variable 

Reservoir Fluid Fundamentals ═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

© PetroSkills, LLC. All rights reserved._____________________________________________________________________________________________

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Page 5: Fluid Equations 5 - Active Learnercloud1.activelearner.com/contentcloud/portals/hosted3/... · 2019-07-05 · Equation 4: Beggs & Robinson dead oil viscosity correlation Where: Oilfield

Constant  Value  Constant  Value 

a00  ‐1.16300E+00  a05  ‐5.15000E‐01 

a01  3.30324E+00  a06  5.44000E+00 

a02  ‐2.02300E‐02  a07  1.50000E+02 

a03  1.07150E+01  a08  ‐3.38000E‐01 

a04  1.00000E+02 

SI Conversions 

Output 

μ mPa. s μ cP 1

Input 

Rscfstb

R𝑠msm

5.61458

T ℉ T K 9 5 459.68 

Density 

𝜌𝜌 𝛾 𝑀 𝛾

𝑅𝑎

𝑝𝑅 𝑎 𝑇

𝐵

Equation 5: Live oil density from theory 

Where:  Oilfield  SI 

.ρob  saturated oil density  [lb/cuft]  [kg/m3] 

.Bo  Formation volume factor  [bbl/stb]  [m3/sm3] 

.Rs  Solution gas‐oil ratio  [scf/stb]  [sm3/sm3] 

.γo  stock tank oil specific gravity  [1/wtr]  [1/wtr] 

.γg  surface gas specific gravity  [1/air]  [1/air] 

.psc  standard pressure  [psia]  [kPa] 

.Tsc  standard temperature  [oF]  [oC] 

.ρwsc  water density at standard conditions  [lb/cuft]  [kg/m3] 

.Mwair  apparent molecular mass of air  [lb/mol]  [g/mol] 

 R  universal gas constant  [psia.cuft]/[mol.oR]  [J/mol/K] 

 a00  gas‐oil ratio conversion constant  5.61458 [scf/stb]  1 [sm3/sm3] 

 a01  relative to absolute temperature conversion  459.68 [oR]  273.15 [K] 

Reservoir Fluid Fundamentals ═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

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Page 6: Fluid Equations 5 - Active Learnercloud1.activelearner.com/contentcloud/portals/hosted3/... · 2019-07-05 · Equation 4: Beggs & Robinson dead oil viscosity correlation Where: Oilfield

Bubble Point Pressure 

𝑝 𝑎𝑅𝛾

𝑒

𝑋 𝑎𝛾

𝑇 𝑎 

Equation 6: Vazquez & Beggs bubble point pressure correlation 

Where:  Oilfield 

.pb  pressure of interest  [psia] 

.Rs  solution gas‐oil ratio  [scf/stb] 

.γg  primary separator gas gravity (= gas component)  [1/air] 

.γAPI  stock‐tank oil gravity ( = oil component)  [oAPI] 

.T  temperature of interest  [oF] 

.a00‐>a03 are constants, X0 is an intermediate variable 

SI Conversions 

Output 

p kPa p psi 0.145037738

Input 

Rscfstb

R𝑠msm

5.61458

T ℉ T K 9 5 459.68

Constant  γAPI ≤ 30 Value  Constant  γAPI > 30 Value 

a00  1/3.62000E‐02  a00  1/1.78000E‐02 

a01  1/1.09370E+00  a01  1/1.18700E+00 

a02  ‐2.57240E+01  a02  ‐2.39310E+01 

 a03  459.68   a03  459.68 

Compressibility 

𝑐1

𝐵𝜕𝐵𝜕𝑝

Equation 7: Under‐saturated oil compressibility 

𝑐1

𝐵𝜕𝐵𝜕𝑝

𝐵𝜕𝑅𝜕𝑝

Equation 8: Saturated oil compressibility 

Reservoir Fluid Fundamentals ═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

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Page 7: Fluid Equations 5 - Active Learnercloud1.activelearner.com/contentcloud/portals/hosted3/... · 2019-07-05 · Equation 4: Beggs & Robinson dead oil viscosity correlation Where: Oilfield

Where:  Oilfield  SI 

.co  oil compressibility  [1/psi]  [1/kPa] 

.Bo  oil formation volume factor  [cuft/scf]  [m3/sm3] 

.Bg  gas formation volume factor  [cuft/scf]  [m3/sm3] 

.Rs  solution gas‐oil ratio  [scf/scf]  [sm3/sm3] 

.P  pressure of interest  [psia]  [kPa] 

.T  temperature of interest  [oF]  [K] 

Macros Name  Purpose  Qualifier  Units  Source  Date  Module 

vasq_Pb  Bubble Point Pressure 

Oil, Black  [psia]  Vazquez & Beggs  1980  Oil 

vasq_Bob  Formation Volume Factor 

Bubble Point  [bbl/stb]  Vazquez & Beggs  1980  Oil 

vasq_Rsb  Solution Gas‐Oil Ratio 

Bubble Point  [scf/stb]  Vazquez & Beggs  1980  Oil 

begg_Uob  Viscosity, Dynamic  Oil, Saturated  [cP]  Beggs & Robinson 

1975  Viscous 

begg_Uod  Viscosity, Dynamic  Oil, Dead  [cP]  Beggs & Robinson 

1975  Viscous 

Reservoir Fluid Fundamentals ═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

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