FOREIGN POLICY AFTER THE COLD WAR

U.S. History 11

Latin America

Late 1980’s and early 90’s resulted in wave of democracy in Latin America i.e.- Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Chile

However, the “war on drugs” had been going on since the Nixon administration and was not improving

Latin American racketeers supplied a significant amount of the illegal drugs that were in the U.S.

Implemented the “Just Say No” Campaign

Latin America

1989- Bush sent 12,000 troops to invade Panama and arrest their dictator Manuel Noriega Convicted of several charges of drug

trafficking 40 years in prison

China

1989- Tiananmen Square Protests- Chinese students protesting for democracy in Beijing

Americans hoped this would result in the fall of communism in China

But troops and tanks were brought in resulting in the deaths and imprisonment of hundreds of protestors

Bush suspended arms sales; but remained engaged economically and diplomatically with China

South Africa

Long held system of apartheid Nelson Mandela had been imprisoned

since 1962 Late 80’s anti-apartheid protests grew Many U.S. firms withdrew investments in

South Africa Congress imposed sanctions Bush and Mandela met in 1990, after

Mandela's release Apartheid began to fall, Mandela elected

as South African President in 1994

Ordinary Love- U2

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XC3ahd6Di3M

Peacekeeping

After fall of USSR in 1991, Yugoslavia fell into civil war

Bush chose not to send troops, avoiding another Vietnam

1992- Bush backs the UN plan to restore peace in Bosnia (a republic carved out of Yugoslavia) By then, more than

150,000 civilians had died

Peacekeeping

Operation Restore Hope- in Somalia in December 1992

U.S. Marines came to establish a cease-fire between rival warlords Wanted to deliver food to

the starving people Intervention in Somalia

largely received positive feedback

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qe9xbgtige0

Persian Gulf War

Biggest foreign policy challenge faced by Bush admin

August 2, 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait 150,000 Iraqi troops quickly overran Kuwaiti

forces Saddam Hussein sought to take over

Kuwait’s rich oil deposits Controlling nearly 20% of the world’s oil

production

Persian Gulf War

U.S. intervened to prevent Hussein from gaining more power and going after oil in Saudi Arabia

Backed by the UN, formed an international coalition demanding that Iraqi troops withdraw

Persian Gulf War

America, Britain, France, Egypt, Japan, and Saudi Arabia contributed to the troop build up in Saudi Arabia by late fall of 1990

Also placed economic sanctions on Iraq Operation Desert Storm

American-led attack on Iraqi forces in January 1991

5 weeks of aerial bombardment February 23- coalition troops stormed Kuwait

Persian Gulf War

Operation Desert Storm (cont.) Iraqi troops were outmatched and

surrendered or fled But set fire to Kuwait’s oil rigs Iraq agreed to a cease-fire after less than 5

days of ground war Bush said, “we’ve kicked the Vietnam

syndrome once and for all” Hussein backed off, but remained in

power until 2003

Protest songs of the 80’s/90’s http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4RjJKxsamQ

Winds of Change- Scorpions

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otdHbA4GlSI Crazy Train- Ozzy Osbourne

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Kcy-W1NNlU Leningrad- Billy Joel

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CdKVX45wYeQ Looking for Freedom- David Hasselhoff