French RevolutionAn introduction

Storming the Bastille 1789

This section deals with the origins, outbreak, course and results of the French Revolution.

It focuses on the social, economic, political and intellectual challenges confronting the ancien régime and the stages of the revolutionary process during this period, culminating in the rise and rule of Napoleon Bonaparte. The unit requires investigation of the impact of the French Revolution, as well as Napoleon’s domestic and foreign policies, upon France and its European neighbours.

• Crisis of the ancien régime: role of the monarchy especially Louis XVI; intellectual, political, social, financial and economic challenges

• Stages in, and radicalization of, the revolution: urban and rural revolt; Constitution of 1791; the fate of the monarchy; the Terror; Robespierre; Thermidorean Reaction; Directory

• Revolutionary wars to promote and defend revolutionary ideals 1792‑96

• Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte

• Napoleon’s domestic and foreign policies pre- and post-1804; Napoleonic wars

• Collapse of the Napoleonic Empire and Bourbon restoration; Congress of Vienna

1. The French Revolution and Napoleon—mid 18th century to 1815

Tennis Court Oath

Women on the march to Versailles

Sans Coullettes

Excesses of the revolution

Return of royal family to Paris 1791

10 August 1792 Paris Commune - The Storming of the Tuileries Palace

Execution of Louis XVI

Guillotine

Closing the Jacobin Club 1794 during Thermidor

Napoleon

Louis XVI

Marie Antoinette

Jacques Necker

Versailles

Turgot

Generalities of France

Declaration of the Rights of Man, August 1789

Bastille Model

Provinces of France

ProvincesMajor Provinces of France before the Revolution, with provincial capitals marked. Listed as English name (capital).

. 1. Île-de-France (Paris)2. Berry (Bourges)3. Orléanais (Orléans)4. Normandy (Rouen)5. Languedoc (Toulouse)6. Lyonnais (Lyon)7. Dauphiné (Grenoble)8. Champagne (Troyes)9. Aunis (La Rochelle)10. Saintonge (Saintes)11. Poitou (Poitiers)12. Guyenne and Gascony (Bordeaux)13. Burgundy (Dijon)14. Picardy (Amiens)15. Anjou (Angers)

16. Provence (Aix-en-Provence)17. Angoumois (Angoulême)18. Bourbonnais (Moulins)19. Marche (Guéret)20. Brittany (Rennes)21. Maine (Le Mans)22. Touraine (Tours)23. Limousin (Limoges)24. Foix (Foix)25. Auvergne (Clermont-Ferrand)26. Béarn (Pau)27. Alsace (Strasbourg, cons. souv. in Colmar)28. Artois (Arras)29. Roussillon (Perpignan)30. Flanders and Hainaut (Lille, parlement in Douai)

31. Franche-Comté (Besançon)32. Lorraine (Nancy)33. Corsica (off map, Ajaccio, cons. souv. in Bastia)34. Nivernais (Nevers)35. Comtat Venaissin, a Papal fief36. Imperial Free City of Mulhouse37. Savoy, a Sardinian fief38. Nice, a Sardinian fief39. Montbéliard, a fief of Württemberg40. (not pictured) Trois-Évêchés (Metz, Toul and Verdun

Robespierre

Jacobin Club

Marat Murder

Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, or death

Danton

Tri-colour

French time