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Ɋɚɞɟɧɤɨ�ȳɨɬɚɧɨɜɢʄ� ɍȾɄ������
ɋɬɪɭɱɧɢ ɱɥɚɧɚɤ
ɇɇɈɈȼȼɑɑȺȺɇɇȺȺ��ɇɇȺȺɄɄɇɇȺȺȾȾȺȺ��ɉɉɈɈȳȳȿȿȾȾɂɂɇɇɂɂɏɏ��ȼȼɂɂȾȾɈɈȼȼȺȺ��ɇɇȿȿɆɆȺȺɌɌȿȿɊɊɂɂȳȳȺȺɅɅɇɇȿȿ��ɒɒɌɌȿȿɌɌȿȿ��ɁɁȺȺ��ɉɉɊɊȿȿɌɌɊɊɉɉȴȴȿȿɇɇȿȿ��
ȾȾɍɍɒɒȿȿȼȼɇɇȿȿ��ȻȻɈɈɅɅɈɈȼȼȿȿ����
GRL���������VSP�����������-
Ⱥɩɫɬɪɚɤɬ��
ɇɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɚ� ɲɬɟɬɚ� ʁɟ� ɲɬɟɬɚ� ɤɨʁɚ� ɫɟ� ɞɨɫɭɻɭʁɟ� ɭ� ɫɥɭɱɚʁɭ�ɩɨɜɪɟɞɟ� ɩɪɚɜɚ� ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ�� Ɇɨɠɟ� ɫɟ� ɫɚɫɬɨʁɚɬɢ� ɭ� ɧɨɜɱɚɧɨʁ� ɢ� ɧɟɧɨɜ-ɱɚɧɨʁ� ɧɚɤɧɚɞɢ� �ɪɟɩɚɪɚɰɢʁɢ��� ɉɨɡɢɬɢɜɧɨɩɪɚɜɧɨ� ɪɟɝɭɥɢɫɚʃɟ� �ɱɥɚɧ������� Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ� ɨ� ɨɛɥɢɝɚɰɢɨɧɢɦ� ɨɞɧɨɫɢɦɚ�� ʁɟ� ɬɚɤɜɨ� ɞɚ� ɫɟ� ɧɨɜɱɚɧɚ�ɧɚɤɧɚɞɚ� ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɟ� ɲɬɟɬɟ� ɨɞɪɟɻɭʁɟ� ɤɚɨ� Äɩɪɚɜɢɱɧɚ� ɧɨɜɱɚɧɚ�ɧɚɤɧɚɞɚ³�� ɇɚɢɦɟ�� ɧɨɜɱɚɧɚ� ɧɚɤɧɚɞɚ� ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɟ� ɲɬɟɬɟ� ɧɟɦɚ� ɡɚ�ɫɜɪɯɭ�ɧɨɜɱɚɧɭ�ɪɟɩɚɪɚɰɢʁɭ�ɨɧɨɝɚ�ɲɬɨ�ʁɟ�ɨɲɬɟʄɟɧɢ�ɢɡɝɭɛɢɨ��ɩɪɟɬɪɩ-ʂɟɧɢ� ɮɢɡɢɱɤɢ� ɢ� ɩɫɢɯɢɱɤɢ� ɛɨɥ� ɢɥɢ� ɫɬɪɚɯ��� ɜɟʄ� ɞɚ� ɨɲɬɟʄɟɧɢ� ɡɚ�ɞɨɫɭɻɟɧɢ� ɧɨɜɱɚɧɢ� ɢɡɧɨɫ� ɩɪɢɛɚɜɢ� ɫɟɛɢ� ɧɟɤɭ� ɫɚɬɢɫɮɚɤɰɢʁɭ� �ɡɚɞɨ-ɜɨʂɫɬɜɨ�� ɡɚɞɨɜɨʂɲɬɢɧɭ�� ɭɦʁɟɫɬɨ� ɡɥɚ� ɤɨʁɟ� ɦɭ� ʁɟ� ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɨ�� Ɉɫʁɟʄɚʁ�ɛɨɥɚ� ɢɥɢ� ɫɬɪɚɯɚ� ɤɨʁɢ� ʁɟ� ɨɲɬɟʄɟɧɢ� ɩɪɟɬɪɩɢɨ� ɧɟ� ɦɨɠɟ� ɫɟ� ɧɚɞɨɤ-ɧɚɞɢɬɢ��ʁɟɪ�ɫɟ�ɪɚɞɢ�ɨ�ʁɟɞɧɨʁ�ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɨʁ��ɦɨɪɚɥɧɨʁ��ɜɪɢʁɟɞɧɨɫɬɢ��ɚɥɢ� ɦɭ� ɫɟ� ɦɨɠɟ� ɞɚɬɢ� ɨɞɪɟɻɟɧɚ� ɧɨɜɱɚɧɚ� ɫɚɬɢɫɮɚɤɰɢʁɚ� ɤɨʁɚ� ʄɟ�ɨɦɨɝɭʄɢɬɢ�ɞɚ�ɫɟɛɢ�ɩɪɢɛɚɜɢ�ʁɟɞɚɧ�ɞɪɭɝɢ��ɩɨɡɢɬɢɜɧɢ�ɨɫʁɟʄɚʁ��ɨɫʁɟʄɚʁ�ɫɪɟʄɟ� ɢ� ɡɚɞɨɜɨʂɫɬɜɚ� ɤɨʁɢ� ʄɟ� ɛɚɪ� ɞɨɧɟɤɥɟ� ɭɛɥɚɠɢɬɢ� ɩɪɜɨɛɢɬɧɢ�ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɢ� ɨɫʁɟʄɚʁ�� Ɉɲɬɟʄɟɧɢ� ʄɟ� ɡɚ� ɞɨɫɭɻɟɧɢ� ɧɨɜɚɰ� ɦɨʄɢ� ɫɟɛɢ� ɞɚ�ɩɪɢɛɚɜɢ� ɨɧɨ� �ɦɨɪɚɥɧɨ� ɢɥɢ� ɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɨ�� ɡɚɞɨɜɨʂɫɬɜɨ� ɤɨʁɟ� ɦɭ�� ɩɨ�
Ɇɪ�Ɋɚɞɟɧɤɨ�ȳɨɬɚɧɨɜɢʄ��ɜɢɲɢ�ɚɫɢɫɬɟɧɬ�ɧɚ�ɉɪɚɜɧɨɦ�ɮɚɤɭɥɬɟɬɭ�ɍɧɢɜɟɪɡɢɬɟɬɚ�ɭ�Ȼɚʃɨʁ�Ʌɭɰɢ
ɋɊɉɋɄȺ�ɉɊȺȼɇȺ�ɆɂɋȺɈ
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ʃɟɝɨɜɨɦ� ɦɢɲʂɟʃɭ�� ɧɚ� ɧɚʁɛɨʂɢ� ɧɚɱɢɧ� ɨɦɨɝɭʄɚɜɚ� ɞɚ� ɭɫɩɨɫɬɚɜɢ�ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɭ�ɩɫɢɯɢɱɤɭ�ɪɚɜɧɨɬɟɠɭ��Ɉɜɚɤɜɨ�ɪʁɟɲɟʃɟ�ɧɟʄɟ�ɭɜɢʁɟɤ�ɛɢɬɢ�ɩɪɚɜɢɱɧɨ�� ɚɥɢ�ɭ�ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɭ�ɞɪɭɝɨɝ��ɤɨʁɢɦ�ɫɟ�ɦɨɠɟ�ɧɚ�ɛɨʂɢ�ɧɚɱɢɧ�ɭɤɥɨɧɢɬɢ� ɢɥɢ� ɭɛɥɚɠɢɬɢ� ɩɪɟɬɪɩʂɟɧɢ� ɛɨɥ� ɢ� ɫɬɪɚɯ�� ɫɜɚɤɚɤɨ� ʁɟ�ɩɪɢɯɜɚɬʂɢɜɨ��ʁɟɪ�Äɢɡ�ɬɨɝɚ��ɲɬɨ�ɫɟ�ɧɟ�ɦɨɠɟ�ɧɚɩɪɚɜɢɬɢ�ɛɨʂɟ��ɧɢɤɚɤɨ�ɧɟ�ɫɥɢʁɟɞɢ��ɞɚ�ɧɟ�ɬɪɟɛɚ�ɧɚɩɪɚɜɢɬɢ�ɧɢɲɬɚ³��
Ʉʂɭɱɧɟ�ɪɢʁɟɱɢ��ɩɪɚɜɚ�ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ��ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɚ�ɲɬɟɬɚ��ɞɭɲɟɜɧɢ�ɛɨɥ�� ɭɦɚʃɟʃɟ� ɠɢɜɨɬɧɢɯ� ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ�� ɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɨɫɬ�� ɫɦɪɬ� ɛɥɢɫɤɨɝ�ɥɢɰɚ�� ɬɟɲɤɢ�ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɢɬɟɬ�ɛɥɢɫɤɨɝ�ɥɢɰɚ�� ɫɚɬɢɫɮɚɤɰɢʁɚ�ɭ�ɩɨɫɟɛɧɢɦ�ɫɥɭɱɚʁɟɜɢɦɚ���ɦɨɪɚɥɧɚ��ɩɪɚɜɚ�ɚɭɬɨɪɚ��
ɍȼɈȾ�
ɉɪɨɲɢɪɟʃɟ� ɤɥɚɫɢɱɧɨɝ� ɩɨʁɦɚ� ɲɬɟɬɟ�� ɤɨʁɢ� ɫɟ� ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɚɜɚɨ� ɫɚɦɨ� ɧɚ�ɢɦɨɜɢɧɫɤɭ�ɲɬɟɬɭ��ɪɟɡɭɥɬɚɬ�ʁɟ��ɩɪɜɟɧɫɬɜɟɧɨ��ɩɪɢɡɧɚɜɚʃɚ�ɩɪɚɜɚ�ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ�ɤɚɨ�ɫɭɛʁɟɤɬɢɜɧɢɯ�ɝɪɚɻɚɧɫɤɢɯ�ɩɪɚɜɚ��ɬʁ��ɩɪɚɜɧɨ�ɩɪɢɡɧɚɬɢɯ�ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚ��ɤɨʁɟ�ʁɟ� ɬɪɟɛɚɥɨ� ɡɚɲɬɢɬɢɬɢ ɢ�ɩɭɬɟɦ�ɧɚɤɧɚɞɟ�ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɟ�ɲɬɟɬɟ��ɉɪɚɜɨ�ɧɚ�ɧɚɤɧɚɞɭ� ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɟ�ɲɬɟɬɟ� ɭɫɤɨ� ʁɟ� ɜɟɡɚɧɨ� ɡɚ� ɫɭɛʁɟɤɬɢɜɧɚ� ɝɪɚɻɚɧɫɤɚ�ɩɪɚɜɚ�ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ��ɚɥɢ�ɬɨ�ɧɢɫɭ�ɢɫɬɢ�ɩɨʁɦɨɜɢ��ɉɪɢʁɟ�ɫɜɟɝɚ�ɢɡ�ɪɚɡɥɨɝɚ�ɲɬɨ�ɫɟ� ɩɪɚɜɚ� ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ� ɦɨɝɭ�ɲɬɢɬɢɬɢ ɢ� ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɩɪɚɜɧɢɦ� ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɢɦɚ� ɨɫɢɦ�ɬɭɠɛɟ� ɡɚ� ɧɚɤɧɚɞɭ� ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɟ� ɲɬɟɬɟ�� ɨɞɧɨɫɧɨ� ɦɨɝɭʄɚ� ʁɟ� ɩɨɜɪɟɞɚ�ɩɪɚɜɚ� ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ� ɢ� ɛɟɡ� ɩɨʁɚɜɟ� ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɟ�ɲɬɟɬɟ��Ɇɟɻɭɬɢɦ�� ɧɟ� ɜɚɠɢ�ɨɛɪɧɭɬɨ�� ɬʁ�� ɧɟɦɚ� ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɟ� ɲɬɟɬɟ� ɛɟɡ� ɩɪɟɬɯɨɞɧɟ� ɩɨɜɪɟɞɟ� ɩɪɚɜɚ�ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ�� ɬɚɤɨ� ɞɚ� ɫɟ� ɛɟɡ� ɩɪɚɜɚ� ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ� ɧɟ�ɦɨɠɟ� ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɢ� ɨ� ɧɟɦɚɬɟ-ɪɢʁɚɥɧɨʁ� ɲɬɟɬɢ�� Ɉɜɨ� ɢɡ� ɪɚɡɥɨɝɚ� ɲɬɨ� ʁɟ� ɩɨʁɚɦ� ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɟ� ɲɬɟɬɟ�ɨɞɪɟɻɟɧ�ɫ�ɨɛɡɢɪɨɦ�ɧɚ�ɩɪɢɪɨɞɭ�ɞɨɛɚɪɚ�ɤɨʁɚ�ɫɭ�ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ�ɡɚɲɬɢɬɟ��ɧɟɦɚɬɟ-ɪɢʁɚɥɧɚ��ɥɢɱɧɚ�ɞɨɛɪɚ��ɩɪɚɜɚ�ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ���ɚ�ɧɟ�ɫ�ɨɛɡɢɪɨɦ�ɧɚ�ɨɛɥɢɤ�ɧɚɤɧɚɞɟ�ɲɬɟɬɟ�� Ɂɛɨɝ� ɬɨɝɚ� ɢɡɪɚɡ� Äɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɚ� ɲɬɟɬɚ³ ɧɢʁɟ� ɨɞɝɨɜɚɪɚʁɭʄɢ�� ʁɟɪ�ɩɨɜɪɟɞɨɦ�ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɢɯ�ɞɨɛɚɪɚ�ɦɨɠɟ�ɧɚɫɬɚɬɢ�ɢ�ɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɚ�ɲɬɟɬɚ��
ɁɈɈ��ɱɥɚɧ �����ʁɟ�ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɭ�ɲɬɟɬɭ�ɞɟɮɢɧɢɫɚɨ�ɤɚɨ�Ä���ɧɚɧɨɲɟʃɟ�ɞɪɭɝɨɦɟ� ɮɢɡɢɱɤɨɝ� ɢɥɢ� ɩɫɢɯɢɱɤɨɝ� ɛɨɥɚ� ɢɥɢ� ɫɬɪɚɯɚ� �ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢʁɚɥɧɚ�ɲɬɟɬɚ�³�� ɧɟ� ɩɨɡɢɜɚʁɭʄɢ� ɫɟ� ɩɪɢ� ɬɨɦɟ� ɧɚ� ɩɪɚɜɚ� ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ� ɢɚɤɨ� ɫɭ� ɨɧɚ�ɤɚɫɧɢʁɟ� ɧɚɜɟɞɟɧɚ� ɭ� ɞɪɭɝɢɦ� ɱɥɚɧɨɜɢɦɚ� ɨɜɨɝ� ɡɚɤɨɧɚ�� Ɍɚɤɨ� ɫɟ� ɩɪɚɜɚ�
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1 Ȼ��Ɇɨɪɚɢɬ�� ÄɁɚɤɨɧ� ɨ� ɨɛɥɢɝɚɰɢɨɧɢɦ� ɨɞɧɨɫɢɦɚ� ɢ� ɡɚɲɬɢɬɚ� ɩɪɚɜɚ� ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ³��ɉɪɚɜɧɚ� ɪɢʁɟɱ�� ɛɪ��
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