Geography, Migration and Language Slide 2 Slide 3 Congo River
Nile River Sahara Desert Niger River Lake Victori a Kalaha ri
Desert Savanna: Rain Forest: Geography . Slide 4 Early People =
Nomads Slide 5 Have you ever moved? Slide 6 Migration Permanent
move from one country or region to another Slide 7 What factors
would cause people to migrate? Slide 8 Migration Factors: Push-Pull
Push Examples Migration Factors Pull Examples Climate changes,
exhausted resources, earthquakes, volcanoes, drought/famine
Environmental Abundant land, new resources, good climate
Unemployment, slavery Economic Employment Opportunities Religious,
ethnic, or political persecution, war Political Political and/or
religious freedom Slide 9 Bantu Migration Slide 10 Starting in 3000
BC/BCE a group of people began migrating southward in Africa These
were the Bantu speaking people (Bantu means the people) Slide 11
These people were farmers/nomads who also had skills in ironworking
Overtime develop agricultural (slash/burn, growing crops, herding)
Slide 12 Slide 13 Why they moved Increase Food Production Increased
Population Density Lack of Sufficient Land Slide 14 Major Effect
Meet with other groups over time and cultures mixed Slide 15
Swahili was one of the main languages as is Bantu languages and
Arabic Slide 16 Early people clans based on lineage Some clans had
matrilineal descent. Others patrilineal descent. Slide 17 Slide 18
Slide 19 Trade and Gold Slide 20 KUSH / CUSH Located on the
Southern part of the Nile River in present day Sudan Kush merchants
traded iron, leopard skins & ebony for goods from Med. &
Red Sea regions Slide 21 Evidence of Egyptian influence: pyramids,
tombs of kings contained jewelry, etc; boats & eating utensils
Slide 22 Images from Kush Slide 23 AXUM Located on the Red Sea
Present Day Ethiopia Traded with Egypt, Greece, Rome, Persia &
India; Exchanged ivory for goods Slide 24 4 th century Axumite
stele Slide 25 Through trade Axum absorbed many elements of Roman
culture, including the adoption of CHRISTIANITY Slide 26 KILWA
Located on East African Coast Independent City-State - not part of
kingdom Monopolized (controlled) gold trade with interior Slide 27
Model drawing of Palace of Kilwa - Palace was destroyed by the
Portuguese in early 16th century Slide 28 Swahili Culture: Islamic
& African culture blended Swahili language Beautiful mosques
Hail Mary in Swahili Slide 29 Ruins of the Great Mosque at Kilwa
Slide 30 Great Zimbabwe Located between Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers
Mined rich deposits of copper & gold Controlled trade routes
between gold mines and the sea Karanga conquered Kilwa Slide 31
GREAT ZIMBABWE: Great stonewall fortress that served as a political
and religious center - chief held court here Slide 32 WEST AFRICAN
SALT-GOLD KINGDOMS GHANA MALI SONGHAI Slide 33 The Niger is one of
the great rivers of Africa, stretching over 2,500 miles (4,000 km)
in a great arc that extends northward from Guinea to Mali before
turning back toward the south and making its way to empty into the
Gulf of Guinea. Slide 34 All 3 kingdoms controlled some aspects of
the famous Salt for Gold trade of Western Africa around the
northern peak of the Niger River Slide 35 GHANA Govt based on Kings
calledGhanas Capital at Koumbi Saleh Slide 36 Caravans traded
Ghanas GOLD for Saharas SALT with Muslims traders Slide 37
