Global Public Opinion on Nuclear Weapons Poll...The Simons Foundation Global Public Opinion on Nuclear Weapons For more info, contact : Dr Jennifer Allen Simons, President of The Simons

IN PARTNERSHIP WITH

Global Public Opinion on Nuclear Weapons

A GLOBAL STUDY FROM

�Global Public Opinion on Nuclear WeaponsThe Simons Foundation

For more info, contact: DrJenniferAllenSimons,PresidentofTheSimonsFoundation,778-782-7779,[email protected]

MarioCanseco,DirectorofGlobalStudies,AngusReidStrategies,604-647-3570,[email protected]

Table of Contents

PublicationDetailsandMethodology.............................................3

Introduction.......................................................................................4

GeneralSurveyFindings

Q1.Suggestedaimsofforeignpolicy.............................................................5

Q2.Importanceofdeterringspreadofnuclearweapons..............................5

Q3.NuclearProliferationTreaty-effectiveorineffective?.........................6

Q4.Shouldcountrieswithoutnuclearweaponsbepreventedfromdevelopingthem?.........................................................6

Q5.Nuclearsharing:aviolationoftheNuclearProliferationTreaty?..........................................................7

Q6.Isitjustifiedforyourcountrytousethenuclearweaponsavailabletoit?......................................................8

Q7.Doyoufeelsaferorlesssafethatyourcountrydoes/doesnotpossessnuclearweapons?...............................................9

Q8.Whatshouldyourcountry’sgoalsbewithregardtonuclearweapons?..........................................................10

Q9.Whatshouldyourcountry’sgoalsbewithregardtonucleartesting?.............................................................10

Q10.OpinionsonratifyingtheComprehensiveNuclearTestBanTreaty..........................................11

Q11.Shouldweaponsinspacebebanned?.................................................12

Q12.Opinionsoneliminatingnucleararsenalsavailabletoeachnation........................................................................13

Q13.Donuclearweaponsmaketheworldsaferormoredangerous?.......................................................................14

Q14.Levelofconcernaboutthepossibilityofnuclearweaponsfallingintothehandsofnon-stateentities............14

Q15.Supportforeliminatingallnuclearweaponsworldwidethroughanenforceableagreement......................................................15

Conclusion.............................................. 16

DetailedSurveyResponsesbyCountry

Britain.............................................................17

France.............................................................20

Italy.................................................................23

Germany.........................................................26

UnitedStates.................................................29

Israel...............................................................32

WhoWeAre............................................ 35




Publication Details and Methodology

Forthisglobalstudy,AngusReidStrategiesconductedonlinesurveysamongrandomlyselected,representativesamplesofadultsinsixcountries.

Themarginoferrorforthetotalsampleineachcountryis+/-3.1%,19timesoutof20.Theresultshavebeenstatisticallyweightedaccordingtothemostcurrenteducation,age,genderandregionCensusdatatoensureasamplerepresentativeoftheentireadultpopulationofeachcountry.Discrepanciesinorbetweentotalsareduetorounding.

Britain–1,000adults,conductedfromJul.26toJul.29,2007France–1,000adults,conductedfromJul.26toJul.28,2007Italy–1,000adults,conductedfromJul.26toJul.27,2007Germany–1,000adults,conductedfromJul.26toJul.28,2007U.S.–1,000adults,conductedfromJul.26toAug.1,2007Israel–1,000adults,conductedfromJul.26toAug.8,2007

PUBLICATION DETAILS

©TheSimonsFoundation,2007.Allrightsreserved.

Thispublicationmaybereproducedinfullorinpartifaccompaniedwiththefollowingcitation:TheSimonsFoundation,“GlobalPublicOpiniononNuclearWeapons,”Vancouver,Canada,September2007.

Formoreinformationonthisstudy,pleasecontactthespokespeoplelistedatthebottomofthepage.

METHODOLOGY




TheSimonsFoundationandAngusReidStrategiespartneredtoconductasurveytoassessthe

viewsofcitizensinthreecountriesthatpossessnuclearweapons—Britain,FranceandtheUnitedStates—aswellasanother—Israel—whichhasrefusedtoopenlydiscussitsnuclearcapabilities.TheviewsofadultsinGermanyandItaly—twomembersoftheNorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization(NATO)whoparticipateinthemilitaryalliance’snuclearsharingconcept—wouldalsobeassessed.

Beforethestartof2005,sevencountries—Britain,China,France,India,Pakistan,Rus-siaandtheUnitedStates—hadacknowl-edgedpossessingnucleararsenals.Underthe“strategicambiguity”policy,Israelhasrefusedtopubliclydiscussitspurportednuclearcapabilities.

Overthepasttwoyears,twootherna-tions—IranandNorthKorea—acceleratedthedevelopmentoftheirnuclearprograms.WhileIrancontendsthatitsaimistopro-duceenergyandnotweapons,aseriesofUnitedNationsSecurityCouncil(UNSC)resolutionshaveimposedsanctionsonthecountryforitsfailuretostopuranium

Introduction

enrichment.InNorthKorea,aftermonthsoftensionthatincludedthelaunchofsevenmissilesintotheSeaofJapan,thegovern-mentagreedtosuspenditsnuclearweaponsprograminexchangeforonemilliontonnesoffueloil,economicassistance,andhu-manitarianaid.

Areviewofpublicsentimentonnuclearweaponsisparticularlytimely,consideringthattwoEuropeancountriesrecentlyunder-wentachangeofgovernment,withNicolasSarkozytakingoverfromJacquesChiracinFrance;andGordonBrownsupplantingTonyBlairinBritain.Israelisexpectedtoholdafreshlegislativeballotwithinthenextyear.The2008U.S.presidentialelectionwillbethefirstin56yearswhereneitheranincumbentnoracurrentorformervice-presidentwillbefeaturedoneitherofthetwomaintickets.

Inthefollowingpages,theresponsesofadultsineachofthesixcountriesto15dif-ferentquestionsrelatedtonuclearweaponscanbefound.Thefulldatasets,withageandgenderbreakdownsforeachnations,arefeaturedattheendofthisdocument.




Q1. In your view, which of these principles is more important for (your country’s) foreign policy?

General Survey Findings

BRI FRA ITA GER USA ISR

(Country) should use its power and influence in a way that serves its own interests

39.7% 24.3% 22.5% 26.4% 21.6% 55.1%

(Country) should coordinate with other countries to do what’s best for the world as a whole

57.6% 70.6% 75.8% 71.4% 69.0% 39.2%

Not sure 3.1% 5.1% 1.7% 2.2% 9.3% 5.7%

Q�. Thinking about the various foreign policy goals of (your country), how important is the goal of preventing the spread of nuclear weapons?


Very important 75.6% 73.5% 86.3% 69.5% 77.5% 71.8%

Moderately important 20.0% 17.1% 9.9% 25.1% 18.0% 22.1%

Not too important 2.8% 5.6% 2.4% 3.1% 1.8% 3.5%

Not important at all 0.5% 0.8% 0.9% 1.2% 0.5% 1.1%

Not sure 1.1% 3.0% 0.5% 1.1% 2.1% 1.5%

Outofthesixcountriessurveyed,Israelistheonlyonewhereamajorityofrespondents(55.1%)wanttheirnationtouseitspowerandinfluenceinawaythatservesitsowninterests,asopposedtocoordinatingwithothernationstodowhatisbestfortheworldasawhole.IntheUnitedStates,Germany,ItalyandFrance,morethantwo-thirdsofrespondentsvoicedsupportformultilateralism.InBritain,57percentofrespondentsagreedwiththisprinciple.

Atleast69percentofrespondentsinallthecountriessurveyedagreethatitis“veryimportant”fortheirowncountriestopreventthespreadofnuclearweapons.Italiansshowespeciallystrongfeelingsaboutthis,with86.3percentofrespondentssayingthisobjectiveisparamount.Fewerthansevenpercentofrespondentsinthesixnationsplacepreventingthespreadofnuclearweaponsasaforeignpolicygoalofminorimportance.




Q�. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which first entered into force in 1970, was extended indefinitely and without conditions in 1995. To the best of your knowledge, has the NPT been effective or ineffective in stopping the spread of nuclear weapons around the world?


Effective 25.0% 22.0% 23.9% 38.3% 15.9% 17.5%

Ineffective 40.4% 47.6% 60.3% 41.5% 46.3% 63.3%

Not sure 34.6% 30.4% 15.8% 20.2% 37.8% 19.2%

Q�. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? - “Countries that currently do not possess nuclear weapons should be prevented from developing them.”


Strongly agree 51.5% 53.9% 62.4% 56.5% 53.6% 58.3%Moderately agree 33.4% 34.4% 23.3% 32.3% 28.7% 25.5%Moderately disagree 8.1% 5.9% 6.0% 5.7% 7.7% 9.9%Strongly disagree 1.5% 3.4% 6.9% 1.5% 1.6% 2.7%Not sure 5.5% 2.4% 1.4% 4.0% 8.3% 3.6%

WhileGermansshowthehighestlevelofconfidenceintheeffectivenessoftheNuclearNon-ProliferationTreaty(NPT)at38.3percent,noneofthesixcountriessurveyedgaveglowingreviewstotheNPT.Israel(63.3%)andItaly(60.3%)havethehighestnumberofrespondentswhoopenlyregardtheNPTasineffective.MorethanathirdofrespondentsinBritainandtheUnitedStatescannotformanopinionontheusefulnessoftheNPT.

Amajorityofrespondentsinallsixcountries“stronglyagree”thatnationsthatcurrentlydonotpossessnuclearweaponsshouldbepreventedfromdevelopingthem.Onceagain,Italianrespondents(62.4%)leadtheway.Thenumbersareconsistentacrosstheboard,evenintheUnitedStatesandIsrael,whosegovernmentshaverecentlyexpressedconcernsoverIran’snuclearprogram.




Q�. Nuclear sharing is a deterrence concept of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which involves member countries without nuclear weapons of their own in the planning for the use of nuclear weapons by NATO. The United States has provided weapons for nuclear sharing to five countries, including Germany and Italy. Articles I and II of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) prohibit the transfer and acceptance, respectively, of direct or indirect control over nuclear weapons. Which of these statements comes closer to your own view?


NATO’s nuclear sharing concept is a violation of the NPT, because weapons are transferred to and accepted by third parties

41.7% 48.5% 56.7% 56.2% 43.0% 53.3%

NATO’s nuclear sharing concept is not a violation of the NPT, because any decision on the use of nuclear weapons would be made within the context of a war

28.9% 25.0% 26.8% 24.6% 16.1% 25.7%

Not sure 29.4% 26.5% 16.5% 19.2% 40.8% 21.0%

Atleasttwo-in-fiverespondentsinthesixcountriessurveyedbelieveNATO’snuclearsharingconceptviolatestheNPT.InItalyandGermany—thetwocountriesthatac-tivelyparticipateinNATO’sdeterringcon-cept—morethan56percentofrespondentsthinkthatthemechanismgoesagainsttheprinciplesoftheNPT.Atleastone-in-fiverespondentsinBritain,FranceandIsraelareundecidedonthisissue,whileAmericans(40.8%)seemparticularlyunaware.




Q�a. Do you think the use of nuclear weapons by (your country) would be justified?

Asked in Britain, France and the U.S.

BRI FRA USA

Yes, in the context of an actual war 16.9% 15.0% 24.9%

Yes, as a deterrent against a possible attack 28.6% 37.1% 20.2%

No, it would never be justified 48.8% 43.4% 40.4%

Not sure 5.7% 4.5% 14.5%

ITA GER

Yes, in the context of an actual war 9.6% 11.7%

Yes, as a deterrent against a possible attack 18.4% 8.4%

No, it would never be justified 69.9% 76.9%

Not sure 2.1% 3.0%

Q�b. Do you think the use of nuclear weapons by NATO would be justified?

Asked in Italy and Germany

Q�c. Under the “strategic ambiguity” policy, Israel has refused to publicly discuss its purported nuclear capabilities. Do you think the use of nuclear weapons by Israel would be justified?

Asked in Israel ISR

Yes, in the context of an actual war 34.9%

Yes, as a deterrent against a possible attack 36.7%

No, it would never be justified 21.6%

Not sure 6.8%

InBritain,FranceandtheUnitedStates,roughlytwo-in-fivere-spondentsbelievetheuseofnuclearweaponswouldneverbejusti-fied.Still,whileaquarterofAmericanrespondentsbelieveutilizingnuclearweaponsinawarwouldbeacceptable,28.6percentofBritons—and37.1percentofFrenchrespondents—thinkrelyingonnucleararmsasadeterrentagainstapossibleattackisjustified.

InGermanyandItaly,thisquestiongaugedviewsontheuseofnuclearweaponsbyNATO.ThetwomainparticipantsinNATO’snuclearsharingconceptstronglycameoutagainsttheuseofnucleararmsbythemilitaryalliance.Italians(18.4%)seemedslightlymoreateasewiththedeploymentofnuclearweaponsbyNATOasadeterrentagainstapossibleattack.

InIsrael,morethan70percentofrespondentsagreedwiththeuseofnuclearweapons,eitherinthecontextofanactualwarorasadeterrentagainstapossibleattack.LessthanaquarterofIsraelisbelievethedeploymentofnuclearweaponswouldneverbejusti-fied—amuchlowernumberthanintheothercountriessurveyed.




Q�a. Do you feel safer knowing that (your country) possesses nuclear weapons, or do you feel less safe knowing that (your country) possesses nuclear weapons?


BRI FRA USA

Safer 46.3% 48.4% 47.0%Less safe 37.1% 23.9% 31.5%Not sure 16.6% 27.7% 21.5%

InItalyandGermany—countriesthatdonotpossessnuclearweapons—thestatusquoisalsothetopchoice,with45.2percentofItaliansand59.8percentofGermansfeelingsaferknowingthattheirrespectivecountriesdonothavenucleararms.One-in-fiverespondentsinGermanysaytheabsenceofnuclearweaponsmakesthemfeellesssafe,andathirdofItaliansconcur.

Q�b. Do you feel safer knowing that (your country) does not possess nuclear weapons, or do you feel less safe knowing that (your country) does not possess nuclear weapons?


Q�c. Under the “strategic ambiguity” policy, Israel has refused to publicly discuss its purported nuclear capabilities. Would you feel safer knowing that Israel possesses nuclear weapons, or would you feel less safe knowing that Israel possesses nuclear weapons?

Asked in IsraelISR

Safer 73.0%Less safe 13.4%Not sure 13.6%

TheresultsofthisquestionsuggestthatmanyrespondentsinBrit-ain,FranceandtheUnitedStates—althoughnotaclearmajority—seemcomfortablewiththeircountry’snuclearstatusquo.Inthethreecountries,morethan46percentofrespondentsreportfeelingsaferbyknowingthattheircountrypossessesnucleararmament.Britain(37.1)boaststhehighestnumberofpeoplewhofeellesssafeonaccountofthenucleararsenal.

ITA GER

Safer 45.2% 59.8%Less safe 33.9% 20.5%Not sure 20.9% 19.7%

InIsrael,73percentofrespondentswouldfeelsaferiftheyknewtheircountrypossessednuclearweapons,whileonly13.4percentwouldfeellesssafeknowingthis.Still,achangeinIsrael’s“strate-gicambiguity”policyseemsunfeasibleatthistime.

10Global Public Opinion on Nuclear WeaponsThe Simons Foundation



Q�. What should be the goal of (your country’s) national government when it comes to nuclear weapons?


Eliminating nuclear weapons worldwide 50.9% 39.0% 68.5% 80.7% 48.7% 28.6%

Reducing the number of nuclear weapons in the world to lower levels 39.7% 44.6% 24.9% 15.4% 33.6% 45.8%

Maintaining the current number of nuclear weapons in the world 4.9% 11.4% 4.1% 1.0% 5.9% 6.7%

Developing new nuclear weapons 0.9% 2.1% 1.0% 1.2% 3.0% 10.7%Not sure 3.6% 2.9% 1.5% 1.7% 8.8% 8.2%

Respondentsinallcountriesseemtoagreethattheworldshouldhavefewernuclearweapons.However,theyholddifferingopin-ionsonwhethertheseweaponsshouldbecompletelyorpartiallyeliminated.InGermany,80.7percentofrespondentsthinktheirgovernmentshouldpursuethegoalofeliminatingnucleararmsintheworld,andmajoritiesinBritainandItalyfeelthesameway.IntheUnitedStates,almosthalfofrespondentswouldurgetheirgov-ernmenttoworktowardsglobalnucleardisarmament,whileathirdwouldprefertoreducethenumberofnuclearweaponsintheworld.ApluralityinbothFrance(44.6%)andIsrael(45.8%)choosereduc-tionoverelimination.Also,one-in-tenIsraelirespondentsadvocateforthedevelopmentofnewnuclearweapons.

Q�. What should be the goal of (your country’s) national government when it comes to nuclear testing?


Eliminating nuclear testing worldwide 60.8% 58.8% 73.1% 84.4% 52.8% 35.7%

Reducing the number of nuclear tests in the world to lower levels 30.8% 31.3% 20.1% 11.9% 28.1% 42.3%

Maintaining the current number of nuclear tests in the world 3.6% 6.3% 3.2% 0.7% 5.9% 5.7%

Performing new nuclear testing 0.7% 1.0% 1.9% 0.9% 3.3% 8.7%

Not sure 4.1% 2.6% 1.7% 2.1% 9.9% 7.6%

Inthisquestion,Israelisclearlyoutofstepwiththerestofthecountriessurveyed.Only35.7percentofIsraelirespondentsvoicesupportfortheeliminationofnucleartesting,whilemajoritiesinGermany,Italy,Britain,FranceandtheUnitedStatesconsideritaprimarygoaloftheirrespectiveadministrations.Israelisarealsomorepronetocallforareductioninthenumberofnucleartests(42.3%)—andtosupportnewnucleartesting(8.7%)—thanallothernations.

11Global Public Opinion on Nuclear WeaponsThe Simons Foundation



Q10a. The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) seeks to ban all nuclear explosions in all environments, for military or civilian purposes. (Your country) has ratified this treaty. Do you think (your country) was right or wrong to ratify this treaty?

Asked in Britain, France, Italy and Germany

BRI FRA ITA GER

Right 71.9% 82.9% 80.8% 79.8%

Wrong 8.6% 6.6% 9.5% 4.5%

Not sure 19.5% 10.5% 9.7% 15.7%

ThefourEuropeancountriesthathaverati-fiedtheNuclear-Test-BanTreaty(CTBT)expressahighlevelofsupportforthemea-sure.Morethanseven-in-tenrespondentsinBritain,France,ItalyandGermanytrusttheirgovernments’leadershiponthisissue,andthinktheirnationswererighttojointheCTBT.

Q10b. The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) seeks to ban all nuclear explosions in all environments, for military or civilian purposes. To this date, (your country) has not ratified this treaty. Do you think (your country) should ratify this treaty?

Asked in the United States and Israel

USA ISR

Should 52.8% 35.7%

Should not 28.1% 42.3%

Not sure 5.9% 5.7%

RespondentsintheUnitedStatesclearlyurgetheirgovernmenttoratifytheCompre-hensiveNuclear-Test-BanTreaty(CTBT),whileIsraelisarelesscertainofit.Whileonly18.7percentofthosesurveyedintheUnitedStatesthinktheircountryshouldremainoutsidetheCTBT,morethanathirdofIsraelis(37.5%)wantnochangesincurrentpolicy.

1�Global Public Opinion on Nuclear WeaponsThe Simons Foundation



Q11. Do you support or oppose enacting a treaty that would ban all weapons in space?


Strongly support 58.1% 66.4% 67.3% 58.9% 41.8% 44.6%Moderately support 24.3% 25.8% 19.8% 23.6% 26.8% 25.3%Moderately oppose 6.9% 2.1% 7.0% 8.4% 11.2% 11.8%Strongly oppose 2.3% 1.3% 2.8% 4.7% 4.8% 4.7%Not sure 8.4% 4.4% 3.1% 4.4% 15.4% 13.6%

Mostrespondentsinallcountries“stronglysupport”abanonweap-onsinspace,butthemeasureismoreattractiveinEuropethanintheUnitedStatesandIsrael.Morethan58percentofrespondentsinBritain,Germany,FranceandItaly“stronglysupport”enact-ingatreaty,butonly44.6percentofIsraelisand41.8percentofAmericansconcur.Oppositiontothisinitiativereaches15percentinboththeUnitedStatesandIsrael,asthecurrentU.S.adminis-trationdiscussesthebenefitsofitsmissiledefencesystem,whichisexpectedtobeimplementedinCentralEuropeinthecomingyears.Inrecentweeks,Russiahascalledforamendmentstothe1967OuterSpaceTreaty(OST)—whichseekstoguaranteethatweaponsofmassdestructionarenotplacedinspace—claimingthatitscurrentlanguagecouldallowaweapontobepositionedinspacefor“peacefulpurposes.”




Q1�a. Which of these positions on nuclear weapons do you agree with the most?


BRI FRA USA

Nuclear weapons are morally wrong and (country) should proceed to eliminate its arsenal whether or not other countries agree to do so

40.3% 37.6% 27.4%

Nuclear weapons place (country) in a unique position, so it is not in our interest to participate in treaties that would reduce or eliminate our nuclear arsenal

35.7% 38.1% 37.6%

Not sure 24.0% 24.3% 34.9%

ITA GER

Nuclear sharing under NATO is morally wrong and (your country) should not participate in this deterrence concept, whether or not other countries agree to do so

51.3% 60.0%

Nuclear sharing under NATO places (your country) in a unique position, so it is in our interest to participate in this deterrence concept

30.3% 23.6%

Not sure 18.4% 16.4%

Q1�b. Which of these positions on nuclear sharing do you agree with the most?


Q1�c. Under the “strategic ambiguity” policy, Israel has refused to publicly discuss its purported nuclear capabilities. Which of these positions on nuclear weapons do you agree with the most?

Asked in Israel

ISR

Nuclear weapons are morally wrong and Israel should proceed to eliminate its purported arsenal whether or not other countries agree to do so

15.7%

Nuclear weapons place Israel in a unique position, so it is not in our interest to participate in treaties that would reduce or eliminate our purported nuclear arsenal

71.9%

Not sure 12.4%

Thisquestionshowednoticeabledifferencesbetweenthethreecountries.Two-in-fiverespondentsinBritaindeemnuclearweaponsas“morallywrong”andvoicesupportfortheirelimination,whilejustoverathirdseethemasa“unique”capabilityandrejectthereductionoreliminationoftheirownarsenal.InFrance,respon-dentswerealmostevenlysplit,whileintheUnitedStates,thepro-nuclearcampheldadouble-digitleadovertheanti-nuclearcamp.Still,somerespondentsfoundithardtocommittooneofthetwochoices,withroughlyaquarterofFrenchandBritishrespondents—andathirdofAmericans—tickingthe“undecided”box.

InGermanyandItaly,thisquestiongaugedviewsontheuseofnuclearweaponsbyNATO.ThetwomainparticipantsinNATO’snuclearsharingconceptstronglycameoutagainsttheuseofnucleararmsbythemilitaryalliance.Italians(18.4%)seemedslightlymoreateasewiththedeploymentofnuclearweaponsbyNATOasadeterrentagainstapossibleattack.

FewIsraelis(15.7%)expressamoralobjectionagainstnuclearweap-ons,andaclearmajority(71.9%)thinksIsrael’spurportedarsenalplacesthecountryinauniqueposition.Israelalsoshowedaparticu-larlylowlevelofundecidedrespondents(12.4%),whencomparedwiththeothercountries.




Q1�. Do you think nuclear weapons make the world a safer place or a more dangerous place?


A safer place 18.2% 11.6% 6.9% 4.9% 10.2% 6.7%A more dangerous place 73.4% 76.9% 90.4% 91.9% 79.3% 87.3%Not sure 8.4% 11.5% 2.7% 3.2% 10.5% 6.0%

Q1�. How concerned are you over the possibility of nuclear weapons falling in the hands of non-state entities, such as militant groups?


Very concerned 64.4% 55.4% 82.9% 71.2% 61.0% 65.0%Moderately concerned 28.6% 35.9% 13.9% 21.5% 29.3% 25.7%

Not too concerned 4.3% 5.6% 2.0% 4.9% 5.4% 6.2%Not concerned at all 0.9% 1.1% 0.2% 0.6% 0.9% 0.9%Not sure 1.8% 2.0% 1.0% 1.8% 3.4% 2.2%

Thesurveyshowsaclearconsensusacrosstheboardaboutnuclearweaponsmakingtheworldamoredangerousplace.Morethan70percentofrespondentsinallsixcountriesthinknucleararmshaveanegativeimpactintheworld’ssecurity,withItalians(90.4%)andGermans(91.9%)showinghighlevelsofconcern.

Again,thesixcountrieswereclearintheirviewsonthepossibilityof“nuclearter-rorism.”Italy(82.9%)showedthehighestnumberof“veryconcerned”respondents,butmajoritiesinallcountrieswerenotice-ablyanxiousaboutnuclearweaponsfallinginthehandsofnon-stateentities,suchasmilitantgroups.




Q1�. Do you support or oppose eliminating all nuclear weapons in the world through an enforceable agreement?


Strongly support 50.2% 51.5% 83.8% 78.3% 43.8% 42.8%Moderately support 34.3% 35.1% 10.8% 17.1% 29.7% 35.2%Moderately oppose 7.0% 6.9% 3.0% 2.3% 9.8% 9.5%Strongly oppose 2.3% 1.0% 1.2% 0.8% 4.9% 4.8%Not sure 6.2% 5.5% 1.2% 1.5% 11.8% 7.7%

ItalyandGermany—thetwonationssurveyedthatdonothaveanucleararse-nal—“stronglysupport”theeliminationofallnuclearweaponsthroughanenforceableagreement.Whileamajorityinallnationscameoutinfavourofthisinitiative,onlyinBritain(50.2%)andFrance(51.5%)didmorethanhalfofrespondentscompletelyendorsedit.SupportisnoticeablymoretepidintheUnitedStates(43.8%)andIsrael(42.8%),withmorethan10percentofre-spondentsactuallyopposingtheidea.




T hesix-nationsurveyprovidednoticeabledifferencesinthewayglobalcitizensperceivenuclear

weapons.IntheUnitedStates—theonlynationtohaveusednucleararmsduringawar—thepublicisclearlysplitbetweeneliminationandreduction.Still,Americanswoulddoawaywithnucleartesting,andexpressawillingnesstosigntheCompre-hensiveNuclear-Test-BanTreaty(CTBT).Ontheotherhand,respondentsintheU.S.aremorehesitantthanothersaboutbanningweaponsinspace,lesslikelytobrandnucleararmsas“morallywrong,”andmorepronetoopposetheeliminationofallnuclearweapons.

Britainshowedamoderatelylowersup-portformultilateralismthanotherEuropeancountries.Still,almosthalfofBritonsbe-lievetheuseofnuclearweaponsisunjusti-fied,andthecountryboastsahighlevelofsupportforeliminationofnucleararmsandnucleartestingallovertheworld.Almosttwo-in-fiverespondentsalsothinkBritainshouldgetridofitsarsenalwhetherornotothercountriesagreetodoso.

FrenchrespondentsarenotaseagertodoawaywithnuclearweaponsasBritons.InFrance,almosttwo-in-fiverespondentswouldusenucleararmsasadeterrent,andlessthanaquarterfeelunsafeknowingthattheircountrypossessestheseweapons.Inaddition,amajorityofFrenchadultsselecteitherthereductionorthemaintenanceofnuclearweaponsoverelimination,andthecountryisalmostevenlysplitonwhethertoabolishitsarsenal,orkeepitsuniqueposi-tionasanuclearpower.

Conclusion

GermanyandItalyareclearlymoreori-entedtowardsnucleardisarmamentthanalltheothercountries,withsubstantialsupportforabanonnucleartestingandtheenact-mentofacomprehensivetreatytoeliminatenuclearweapons.GermansandItaliansarealsoparticularlywaryofNATO’snuclearsharingconcept—whichtheyclearlyseeasaviolationoftheNuclearNon-ProliferationTreaty(NPT)—andexpressoppositiontotheuseofnucleararmsbyNATO.

Israelirespondentsareclearlyconcernedwiththeirownprotection,shownbythehighnumberofresponsesadvocatingforunilateralism.Aswell,Israelisaremorelikelytosupporttheuseofnuclearweapons,andfeelsafeiftheyactuallyknewthattheircountrypossessesnucleararms.Conversely,Israelirespondentsarelesslikelytobacktheeliminationofnuclearweaponsandnucleartesting,andthinkthattheircoun-try’suniquepositionasapurportednuclearpowershouldbemaintained.

Despitethedifferencesbetweenthecountries,supportforsomeconceptswaspracticallyuniversal.Preventingthespreadofnuclearweaponsremainsanimportantforeignpolicygoalacrosstheboard,aswellasimplementingsafeguardstopreventothercountriesfromdevelopingnucleararms.Allsixcountriessurveyedalsoagreedonthefactthatnuclearweaponsmaketheworldlesssafe,calledforactiontopreventtheweaponizationofspace,expressedconcernaboutnucleararmsfallingintothehandsofnon-stateentities,andbackedtheelimina-tionofallnuclearweapons—ifanenforce-ableagreementiscreated.




Detailed Survey Responses by Country

Britain

Tables continue on next page

GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q1. In your view, which of these principles is more important for UK’s foreign policy?

The UK should use its power and influence in a way that serves its own interests

42.6% 36.4% 40.7% 40.6% 37.8%

The UK should coordinate with other countries to do what’s best for the world as a whole

55.7% 59.3% 53.7% 55.8% 60.5%

Not sure 1.7% 4.3% 5.6% 3.5% 1.7%Q2. Thinking about the

various foreign policy goals of the UK, how important is the goal of preventing the spread of nuclear weapons?

Very important 71.7% 79.0% 62.6% 77.4% 80.3%

Moderately important 22.7% 17.6% 30.4% 18.4% 16.4%

Not too important 3.4% 2.3% 4.7% 1.6% 2.7%

Not important at all 0.9% 0.2% 0.0% 1.0% 0.4%

Not sure 1.3% 0.9% 2.3% 1.6% 0.2%Q3. The Nuclear Non-

Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which first entered into force in 1970, was extended indefinitely and without conditions in 1995. To the best of your knowledge, has the NPT been effective or ineffective in stopping the spread of nuclear weapons around the world?

Effective 31.7% 19.1% 22.4% 23.2% 27.3%

Ineffective 47.8% 34.0% 33.6% 36.1% 46.2%

Not sure 20.6% 46.9% 43.9% 40.6% 26.5%

Q4. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? - “Countries that currently do not possess nuclear weapons should be prevented from developing them.”

Strongly agree 55.5% 48.0% 41.1% 54.5% 54.2%

Moderately agree 31.9% 34.7% 36.0% 30.3% 34.2%

Moderately disagree 6.9% 9.2% 11.7% 8.1% 6.5%

Strongly disagree 1.9% 1.1% 2.3% 1.9% 0.8%

Not sure 3.9% 6.9% 8.9% 5.2% 4.2%




GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q5. Nuclear sharing is a deterrence concept of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which involves member countries without nuclear weapons of their own in the planning for the use of nuclear weapons by NATO. The United States has provided weapons for nuclear sharing to five countries, including Germany and Italy. Articles I and II of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) prohibit the transfer and acceptance, respectively, of direct or indirect control over nuclear weapons. Which of these statements comes closer to your own view?


40.5% 42.8% 45.3% 38.4% 42.2%


37.5% 21.4% 22.9% 29.0% 31.5%

Not sure 22.1% 35.8% 31.8% 32.6% 26.3%

Q6. Do you think the use of nuclear weapons by the UK would be justified?

Yes, in the context of an actual war 22.5% 12.0% 16.8% 18.1% 16.2%

Yes, as a deterrent against a possible attack 36.8% 21.4% 27.1% 28.1% 29.6%

No, it would never be justified 37.3% 58.9% 47.7% 48.4% 49.6%

Not sure 3.4% 7.7% 8.4% 5.5% 4.6%Q7. Do you feel safer

knowing that the UK possesses nuclear weapons, or do you feel less safe knowing that UK possesses nuclear weapons?

Safer 60.4% 34.0% 41.6% 46.5% 48.3%

Less safe 25.9% 46.9% 39.7% 35.8% 36.8%

Not sure 13.7% 19.1% 18.7% 17.7% 14.9%

Q8. What should be the goal of the UK’s national government when it comes to nuclear weapons?

Eliminating nuclear weapons worldwide 42.4% 58.3% 46.3% 51.0% 52.9%

Reducing the number of nuclear weapons in the world to lower levels

45.8% 34.3% 42.5% 39.0% 38.9%

Maintaining the current number of nuclear weapons in the world

6.6% 3.4% 4.7% 4.8% 5.0%

Developing new nuclear weapons 1.7% 0.2% 0.9% 1.0% 0.8%

Not sure 3.4% 3.8% 5.6% 4.2% 2.3%

Britain continued





GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q9. What should be the goal of the UK’s national government when it comes to nuclear testing?

Eliminating nuclear testing worldwide 56.3% 64.7% 49.1% 59.0% 67.2%

Reducing the number of nuclear tests in the world to lower levels

35.5% 26.6% 36.0% 32.3% 27.5%

Maintaining the current number of nuclear tests in the world

4.1% 3.2% 5.1% 4.2% 2.5%

Performing new nuclear testing 0.9% 0.6% 1.4% 0.3% 0.6%

Not sure 3.2% 4.9% 8.4% 4.2% 2.1%Q10. The Comprehensive

Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) seeks to ban all nuclear explosions in all environments, for military or civilian purposes. The UK has ratified this treaty. Do you think the UK was right or wrong to ratify this treaty?

Right 78.8% 65.9% 51.9% 68.1% 83.4%

Wrong 8.8% 8.4% 15.4% 7.7% 6.1%

Not sure 12.4% 25.7% 32.7% 24.2% 10.5%


Strongly support 54.8% 61.0% 38.3% 55.8% 68.5%Moderately support 25.5% 23.3% 31.8% 23.2% 21.6%Moderately oppose 9.4% 4.7% 10.7% 8.1% 4.4%Strongly oppose 2.4% 2.3% 3.7% 3.5% 0.8%Not sure 7.9% 8.8% 15.4% 9.4% 4.6%

Q12. Which of these positions on nuclear weapons do you agree with the most?

Nuclear weapons are morally wrong and the UK should proceed to eliminate its arsenal whether or not other countries agree to do so

30.8% 48.6% 45.3% 39.7% 38.4%

Nuclear weapons place the UK in a unique position, so it is not in our interest to participate in treaties that would reduce or eliminate our nuclear arsenal

50.3% 22.9% 33.6% 32.9% 38.4%

Not sure 18.8% 28.5% 21.0% 27.4% 23.1%Q13. Do you think nuclear

weapons make the world a safer place or a more dangerous place?

A safer place 28.3% 9.4% 11.2% 18.1% 21.4%A more dangerous place 61.5% 83.9% 77.6% 73.5% 71.4%Not sure 10.3% 6.8% 11.2% 8.4% 7.1%

Q14. How concerned are you over the possibility of nuclear weapons falling in the hands of non-state entities, such as militant groups?

Very concerned 61.9% 66.6% 48.1% 65.8% 70.8%Moderately concerned 30.4% 27.0% 36.0% 28.4% 25.4%Not too concerned 4.9% 3.8% 9.8% 3.5% 2.3%Not concerned at all 1.3% 0.6% 2.8% 0.6% 0.2%Not sure 1.5% 2.1% 3.3% 1.6% 1.3%

Q15. Do you support or oppose eliminating all nuclear weapons in the world through an enforceable agreement?


Britain continued

�0Global Public Opinion on Nuclear WeaponsThe Simons Foundation



GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q1. In your view, which of these principles is more important for France’s foreign policy?

France should use its power and influence in a way that serves its own interests

26.1% 22.6% 26.6% 23.1% 24.0%

France should coordinate with other countries to do what’s best for the world as a whole

70.1% 71.1% 69.4% 71.6% 70.5%


various foreign policy goals of France, how important is the goal of preventing the spread of nuclear weapons?

Very important 74.9% 72.1% 62.6% 70.7% 80.8%






Effective 26.1% 18.0% 18.0% 24.4% 22.2%

Ineffective 48.9% 46.3% 50.9% 44.8% 48.0%

Not sure 25.1% 35.7% 31.1% 30.9% 29.7%


Strongly agree 57.1% 50.7% 47.3% 53.4% 57.5%




Not sure 1.6% 3.2% 4.1% 1.9% 2.0%Q5. Nuclear sharing is a

deterrence concept of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which involves member countries without nuclear weapons of their own in the planning for the use of nuclear weapons by NATO. The United States has provided weapons for nuclear sharing to five countries, including Germany and Italy. Articles I and II of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) prohibit the transfer and acceptance, respectively, of direct or indirect control over nuclear weapons. Which of these statements comes closer to your own view?


51.5% 45.5% 51.4% 49.4% 46.5%


30.7% 19.4% 22.5% 25.0% 26.2%

Not sure 17.8% 35.1% 26.1% 25.6% 27.3%

France





GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q6. Do you think the use of nuclear weapons by France would be justified?





knowing that France possesses nuclear weapons, or do you feel less safe knowing that France possesses nuclear weapons?

Safer 56.1% 40.7% 43.7% 48.1% 50.9%

Less safe 18.2% 29.5% 30.6% 26.5% 18.7%

Not sure 25.7% 29.7% 25.7% 25.3% 30.4%

Q8. What should be the goal of France’s national government when it comes to nuclear weapons?



50.5% 38.7% 42.8% 47.2% 43.6%


11.0% 11.8% 12.2% 9.3% 12.6%


Not sure 2.0% 3.8% 4.1% 3.1% 2.2%Q9. What should be the goal

of France’s national government when it comes to nuclear testing?



32.3% 30.3% 32.0% 32.1% 30.4%


5.2% 7.4% 5.0% 4.3% 8.4%



Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) seeks to ban all nuclear explosions in all environments, for military or civilian purposes. France has ratified this treaty. Do you think France was right or wrong to ratify this treaty?

Right 87.6% 78.2% 76.6% 82.4% 86.3%

Wrong 5.8% 7.4% 10.8% 6.5% 4.6%

Not sure 6.6% 14.4% 12.6% 11.1% 9.0%



France continued


��Global Public Opinion on Nuclear WeaponsThe Simons Foundation



GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+


Nuclear weapons are morally wrong and (country) should proceed to eliminate its arsenal whether or not other countries agree to do so

33.1% 42.1% 41.0% 42.6% 32.4%

Nuclear weapons place (country) in a unique position, so it is not in our interest to participate in treaties that would reduce or eliminate our nuclear arsenal

48.7% 27.5% 31.1% 36.7% 42.5%








France continued




GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q1. In your view, which of these principles is more important for Italy’s foreign policy?

Italy should use its power and influence in a way that serves its own interests

22.8% 22.2% 29.0% 21.6% 18.1%

Italy should coordinate with other countries to do what’s best for the world as a whole

76.3% 75.3% 68.6% 76.7% 80.8%


various foreign policy goals of Italy, how important is the goal of preventing the spread of nuclear weapons?

Very important 85.5% 87.1% 81.0% 87.1% 89.8%






Effective 29.3% 18.9% 15.9% 25.6% 28.8%

Ineffective 61.6% 59.1% 65.2% 57.6% 59.0%

Not sure 9.1% 22.0% 19.0% 16.9% 12.1%


Strongly agree 67.8% 57.3% 51.7% 66.9% 66.7%







52.1% 61.0% 62.4% 61.2% 47.5%


35.9% 18.3% 22.8% 21.1% 35.9%

Not sure 12.0% 20.7% 14.8% 17.7% 16.7%

Italy





GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q6. Do you think the use of nuclear weapons by NATO would be justified?





knowing that Italy does not possess nuclear weapons, or do you feel less safe knowing that Italy does not possess nuclear weapons?

Safer 47.5% 43.1% 42.8% 45.2% 47.2%

Less safe 34.6% 33.2% 36.6% 32.3% 33.3%

Not sure 17.8% 23.7% 20.7% 22.5% 19.5%

Q8. What should be the goal of Italy’s national government when it comes to nuclear weapons?



27.4% 22.6% 22.4% 24.2% 27.7%


5.8% 2.5% 4.8% 3.1% 4.5%


Not sure 0.6% 2.3% 1.4% 1.4% 1.7%Q9. What should be the

goal of Italy’s national government when it comes to nuclear testing?



20.3% 19.9% 24.5% 17.1% 19.5%


3.7% 2.7% 4.8% 1.7% 3.4%



Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) seeks to ban all nuclear explosions in all environments, for military or civilian purposes. Italy has ratified this treaty. Do you think Italy was right or wrong to ratify this treaty?

Right 87.1% 74.9% 74.8% 81.5% 85.0%

Wrong 8.5% 10.4% 13.4% 8.1% 7.6%

Not sure 4.4% 14.7% 11.7% 10.4% 7.3%



Italy continued





GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+


Nuclear sharing under NATO is morally wrong and Italy should not participate in this deterrence concept, whether or not other countries agree to do so

48.3% 54.1% 60.0% 53.1% 42.4%

Nuclear sharing under NATO places Italy in a unique position, so it is in our interest to participate in this deterrence concept

37.6% 23.6% 22.4% 27.2% 39.8%








Italy continued




GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q1. In your view, which of these principles is more important for Germany’s foreign policy?

Germany should use its power and influence in a way that serves its own interests

26.5% 26.4% 27.2% 28.1% 23.3%

Germany should coordinate with other countries to do what’s best for the world as a whole

72.6% 70.5% 70.3% 68.8% 76.0%


various foreign policy goals of Germany, how important is the goal of preventing the spread of nuclear weapons?

Very important 69.3% 69.6% 58.3% 72.2% 80.2%






Effective 38.9% 37.9% 29.4% 40.9% 46.2%

Ineffective 48.0% 36.6% 46.7% 35.8% 42.0%

Not sure 13.1% 25.5% 23.9% 23.3% 11.8%


Strongly agree 59.7% 54.1% 45.6% 58.8% 67.4%







52.9% 58.6% 59.2% 53.4% 55.9%


34.2% 17.5% 23.1% 21.9% 29.9%

Not sure 12.9% 23.9% 17.8% 24.7% 14.2%

Germany





GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q6. Do you think the use of nuclear weapons by NATO would be justified?





knowing that Germany does not possess nuclear weapons, or do you feel less safe knowing that Germany does not possess nuclear weapons?

Safer 60.9% 59.0% 57.5% 60.2% 62.2%

Less safe 21.1% 20.1% 20.0% 20.5% 21.2%

Not sure 18.0% 20.9% 22.5% 19.3% 16.7%

Q8. What should be the goal of Germany’s national government when it comes to nuclear weapons?



20.1% 11.9% 18.3% 14.5% 12.8%


0.9% 1.0% 1.4% 0.9% 0.7%



of Germany’s national government when it comes to nuclear testing?



13.6% 10.6% 16.9% 9.1% 9.0%


0.7% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 1.0%



Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) seeks to ban all nuclear explosions in all environments, for military or civilian purposes. Germany has ratified this treaty. Do you think Germany was right or wrong to ratify this treaty?

Right 88.3% 73.5% 74.4% 76.1% 91.0%

Wrong 4.2% 4.7% 5.0% 6.0% 2.1%

Not sure 7.5% 21.8% 20.6% 17.9% 6.9%



Germany continued





GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+


Nuclear sharing under NATO is morally wrong and Germany should not participate in this deterrence concept, whether or not other countries agree to do so

58.3% 61.3% 60.6% 58.2% 61.5%

Nuclear sharing under NATO places Germany in a unique position, so it is in our interest to participate in this deterrence concept

32.1% 17.3% 21.1% 22.7% 27.8%








Germany continued




GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q1. In your view, which of these principles is more important for the U.S.’s foreign policy?

The U.S. should use its power and influence in a way that serves its own interests

24.6% 20.4% 22.6% 19.1% 23.9%

The U.S. should coordinate with other countries to do what’s best for the world as a whole

69.4% 69.0% 68.9% 69.4% 69.5%


various foreign policy goals of the U.S., how important is the goal of preventing the spread of nuclear weapons?

Very important 79.8% 76.6% 68.6% 79.1% 84.8%






Effective 17.7% 15.3% 15.6% 15.8% 17.8%

Ineffective 56.2% 42.3% 40.4% 43.9% 57.3%

Not sure 26.0% 42.4% 43.9% 40.2% 24.8%


Strongly agree 58.7% 51.5% 43.9% 53.8% 63.9%







46.8% 41.4% 49.4% 38.9% 44.3%


21.5% 14.0% 14.6% 17.4% 16.5%

Not sure 31.6% 44.5% 35.8% 43.7% 39.1%

United States





United States continuedGENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q6. Do you think the use of nuclear weapons by the U.S. would be justified?





knowing that the U.S. possesses nuclear weapons, or do you feel less safe knowing that the U.S. possesses nuclear weapons?

Safer 54.1% 44.2% 41.4% 45.5% 56.5%

Less safe 26.7% 33.4% 36.2% 32.7% 25.7%

Not sure 19.1% 22.4% 22.3% 21.8% 17.8%

Q8. What should be the goal of the U.S. national government when it comes to nuclear weapons?



38.8% 31.5% 31.3% 32.1% 39.1%


4.1% 6.6% 6.3% 6.2% 5.2%



of the U.S.’s national government when it comes to nuclear testing?



29.8% 27.4% 30.3% 27.0% 27.8%


4.1% 6.6% 7.0% 6.6% 3.5%



Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) seeks to ban all nuclear explosions in all environments, for military or civilian purposes. To this date, the U.S. has not ratified this treaty. Do you think the U.S. should ratify this treaty?

Should 57.2% 55.5% 57.8% 55.4% 56.1%

Should not 21.2% 17.6% 17.1% 19.5% 17.8%

Not sure 21.5% 26.9% 25.1% 25.1% 26.1%







GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+


Nuclear weapons are morally wrong and the U.S. should proceed to eliminate its arsenal whether or not other countries agree to do so

23.4% 28.8% 39.0% 26.6% 16.1%

Nuclear weapons place the U.S. in a unique position, so it is not in our interest to participate in treaties that would reduce or eliminate our nuclear arsenal

45.5% 34.4% 31.7% 37.8% 44.8%








United States continued




GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q1. In your view, which of these principles is more important for Israel’s foreign policy?

Israel should use its power and influence in a way that serves its own interests

58.2% 52.4% 51.6% 55.0% 61.1%

Israel should coordinate with other countries to do what’s best for the world as a whole

40.3% 38.0% 41.8% 38.5% 32.9%


various foreign policy goals of Israel, how important is the goal of preventing the spread of nuclear weapons?

Very important 66.4% 75.8% 64.8% 71.6% 77.8%






Effective 22.4% 14.0% 23.1% 14.7% 18.8%

Ineffective 60.2% 64.5% 61.4% 63.6% 62.9%

Not sure 17.4% 21.5% 15.5% 21.7% 18.3%


Strongly agree 60.2% 56.2% 53.8% 60.1% 67.1%







46.3% 59.8% 65.1% 53.7% 41.6%


35.8% 15.4% 26.0% 25.5% 26.3%

Not sure 17.9% 24.8% 8.9% 20.8% 32.1%

Israel





GENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+

Q6. Under the “strategic ambiguity” policy, Israel has refused to publicly discuss its purported nuclear capabilities. Do you think the use of nuclear weapons by Israel would be justified?




Not sure 5.0% 8.7% 7.1% 6.5% 6.7%Q7. Under the “strategic

ambiguity” policy, Israel has refused to publicly discuss its purported nuclear capabilities. Would you feel safer knowing that Israel possesses nuclear weapons, or would you feel less safe knowing that Israel possesses nuclear weapons?

Safer 75.1% 71.9% 73.6% 67.0% 79.1%

Less safe 14.5% 11.3% 14.9% 19.1% 5.0%

Not sure 10.4% 16.8% 11.5% 13.8% 15.9%

Q8. What should be the goal of Israel’s national government when it comes to nuclear weapons?



47.0% 43.2% 44.8% 48.1% 42.9%


9.1% 3.6% 8.5% 6.6% 4.6%


Not sure 5.3% 14.8% 6.1% 8.2% 10.0%Q9. What should be the

goal of Israel’s national government when it comes to nuclear testing?



48.1% 37.6% 39.6% 37.7% 56.7%


4.5% 6.9% 4.5% 5.8% 6.9%



Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) seeks to ban all nuclear explosions in all environments, for military or civilian purposes. To this date, Israel has not ratified this treaty. Do you think Israel should ratify this treaty?

Should 48.5% 42.1% 47.3% 49.8% 48.4%

Should not 40.3% 33.2% 36.3% 39.3% 45.4%

Not sure 11.2% 24.7% 16.4% 10.9% 6.2%

Israel continued





Israel continuedGENDER AGE

Male Female 18-34 35-54 55+




Nuclear weapons are morally wrong and Israel should proceed to eliminate its arsenal whether or not other countries agree to do so

10.1% 19.3% 23.1% 15.4% 6.2%

Nuclear weapons place Israel in a unique position, so it is not in our interest to participate in treaties that would reduce or eliminate our nuclear arsenal

84.7% 61.3% 63.7% 66.3% 90.1%











THE SIMONS FOUNDATION OF CANADA

TheSimonsFoundationisoneofCanada’sbestkeptsecrets.HeadquarteredinthepicturesquecityofVancouversince1985,thefoundationisanimpressiveforceintheglobaleffortsforpeaceandnucleardisarmament.

LedbyDr.JenniferAllenSimons,anawardwinningeducator,thoughtleaderandpolicyadvisor,theFoundationhasworkedbe-hindthescenesonmostofthemajorinternationalpeaceinitiativesofourday-providingcriticalfinancialsupport,conveninginter-nationalleadersinpolicydialogueanddrivingacademicresearch.TheWeaponsofMassDestructionCommission,theResponsibil-itytoProtectDoctrine,theGenevaSpaceSecurityConferences,NuclearWeaponsNon-Proliferationnegotiations,andtheStrength-eningGenocidePreventionattheUNarejustafewoftheinterna-tionalinitiativesthathavebenefitedfromTheSimonsFoundation’sstrategicphilanthropicapproach.

Alwaysworkingbehindthescenes,TheSimonsFoundationhasdemonstratedthatwithaclearmissionfocusedonhumansecurity,internationallawandnucleardisarmament,awell-connectedandeducatedleadershipandastrongfinancialbaseitispossibleforasmallorganizationperchedonthePacifictohaveasignificantglobalimpact.

Pleasevisitourwebsiteatwww.thesimonsfoundation.ca.

Who We Are

ANGUS REID STRATEGIES

AngusReidStrategiesisaNorthAmericanfull-servicepollingandmarketresearchfirm,whichisaleaderintheuseoftheInternetforcollectionofhigh-quality,in-depthinsights.

Dr.AngusReidandtheAngusReidStrategiesteamarepioneersinonlineresearchmethodologies,andhaveconductedonlinesur-veyssince1995.LocatedinVancouver,Calgary,Toronto,Montreal,andSanFrancisco,ourteamofspecialistsprovidessolutionsineverytypeandsectorofresearch.

Formore,pleasevisitourwebsiteatwww.angusreidstrategies.com.

http://www.thesimonsfoundation.ca

http://www.angusreidstrategies.com

http://www.thesimonsfoundation.ca

http://www.angusreidstrategies.com

Documents

Global Public Opinion on Nuclear Weapons Poll...The Simons Foundation Global Public Opinion on Nuclear Weapons For more info, contact : Dr Jennifer Allen Simons, President of The Simons