Goal 2 Part 5

Westward Expansion (1803-1853)

Texas Annexation (1845)

Mexican War(1846-1848)

VERY IMPORTANT INVENTIONS• Charles Goodyear – Vulcanized rubber (wouldn’t

freeze)• _______________- telegraph• Alexander Graham _____ – telephone• Robert Fulton – ____________________• Eli Whitney – _________________________* Inventions that made farming more profitable• _____________– *___________* - rapidly

encouraged Farmers (N and S) to seek land in the _____________!!!! (more efficient farming)

• Cyrus ____________ – ____________ (did more work than 5 farmers put together)

Manifest DestinyAmerican agenda: Empire of Liberty (expanding

across the continent)

• _______________________!Purpose: Expand Westward toward the (a) __________________(b) __________________Defending expansion(1) _______________________(2) _______________________(3) to take advantage of ___________________

EXPANSION 1803 - 1853

• Land acquisition by either

(1) ________ (2) _______ or (3) _______

Native Americans Fight back

1851 ________________________:

– provided various N.A. groups land they can control (______________)

– For Land = _____________!

–American government claimed to

NEVER attack….but they DID!!!)

___________and ___________

• Chief Joseph “__________” to go…many battles occur between the white man an the Nez Perce tribe (Idaho and Canada)

• “_______________________” - Chief Joseph

(surrender speech)

Oregon Trail

• Why go West???

*Oregon Trail*

- ______________(a religious family) sets up mission schools to spread religion (CONVERT Native Americans)

- Letters home

= ______________!!!

___________ Migration

• - migrated on the Oregon Trail• - started in ________under ________________• - People printed protests against polygamy• - Smith burnt down the printing press / Smith

jailed and killed in jail by an anti-Mormon mob.**MAIN REASON / MOTIVATION FOR THE MORMONS

TO TRAVEL WEST

******“___________________________________”*******

_________________– takes over after Smith’s death

___________/ Resolving Territorial Disputes

Rush-Bagot Treaty – Joint Occupation in Oregon between: _______________________

***___________________________***

– (D) James K. Polk’s wanted

the “_______” area of _________ to be annexed into the Union***** _____________________________*****Polk’s SLOGAN for Oregon54 40 – latitude *Land above 49 was deemed __________

__________________________________

Territorial Expansion / _____ __________/ ANNEXATION

• _______________ invites White Settlers– Purpose: for protection from ___________________– Mexico in 1821 = Offered “_____” to U.S. settlers (Empresarios)– Terms: Americans get land – in turn – must abide by (1)

____________(NO SLAVERY) and (2) __________________– ______________________________– (Most famous Emprasario) - first white settler to lead others and take

advantage of the opportunity! (leads 300!)RESULT: America got VERY excited about expanding into Mexico /

now Texas!“Go to __________” posters everywhere (GTT)Previous Presidential Action:John Quincy Adams: offered $1 million to MexicoAndrew Jackson: offered $5 million

MEXICAN RESPONSE: NO! (and starts to regret inviting White settlers)

TEXAS REVOLUTION:_________

Antonio ____________________President of Mexico– “Americans MUST obey laws!”Stephen F. Austin responds on the side of Texans!1836 – Texans (white settlers) declare its independence from Mexico!Battle at the ________________

- Mexicans surround 187 American soldiers stationed in the old church known as the Alamo

Result: All Americans died!(__________________)

Result: _______________________

____________________/ Texas Revolution / Battle of _________

• _____________ (settler) VS. _______________• Houston – Commander of Texas Army• “ _______________________________”

– Battle cry remembering the Alamo battle– SAM HOUSTON (U.S.) VICTORY!!!!!(630 Mexican soldiers dead in 18 minutes)– Santa Anna signs the ****_______________**** which grants

Texas independence from Mexico– Birth of the ____________________________***Victory at Battle of San Jacinto ends the Texas Revolution !

• PROBLEM : ___________________________________________

Texas vs. U.S. Congress

• Topic / issue: _________________________• Problem: SLAVERY!!!!!!!!!

___________= opposed statehood & slavery (less power in Congress)

___________= supported statehood & slavery (more power in Congress)

___________= feared war with Mexico- Congressional response: TEXAS WILL NOT BE STATE,

but will become the

****______________________ (leader: Sam Houston)

Texas is granted statehood years later (1845)

___________________ reacts = ANGRY!!!!!!

____________________________(1846 – 1848)

• U.S. = border was ___________________• Mexico = border was _______________________

**Cause of War with Mexico = ___________________lead to the_____________________________ (1846-1848)

(U.S. vs. Mexico)*Mexican War and Texas Revolution – two separate events

BOUNDARIES BOUNDARIES BOUNDARIES

John Slidell and Zachary Taylor

• 1845 – President James K. Polk (The Expansionist President) wanted to ________________with Mexico

First step – Polk sends John ______ to speak to Mexico about “border issue”

Result: Mexico hated this gesture

Second step – Polk sends ____________ to “blockade” the _________River

Result: Mexico claims this is a violation!

“____________________”Stephen ______________ (“long marcher”)

- ordered to march all the way

to ______________ to help overthrow Mexican soldiers in the

Mexican soldiers claimed California (same as in Texas issue)

U.S. soldiers go to California = claims California belongs to America and Mexican soldiers back down

Result: __________________________

What OFFICIALLY ends the Mexican War?????

****_______________________________******

(1) ENDS THE _______________________War

(2) ____________ River will be the _______ between United States and Mexico

(3) _____________ (established the southeastern part of U.S.)

*$_________

___________________(__________)

*******MAIN PURPOSE**********– To build a transcontinental ______ from

__________________________– Guidelines:

• Congress spent an

additional _______ million

for a small strip of land to in order to

“______________________

__________________________”

Why go to California

• _____________!!!!!

• __________: people who go to California for gold in 1849

• Impact of Gold Fever:

__________ in cultures

What event in the early 1800s added “TENSION” between the North and South?

• A. The California Gold Rush

• B. Creation of the California Republic

• C. The Texas annexation

• D. The arrival of the Chinese immigrants

American Goals

Goal / Event How Achieved or Purpose Pos. or Neg. Effects

Moving West

Calming Native American& White Settler Relationship

Christianizing Native Americans

Mormon / Religious Freedom

Occupying “full” Oregon Territory

Texas Independence

Texas Statehood

Mexican Cession

Gadsden Purchase

1803-1853 Territorial Expansion

• Directions:– Rank AND defend each piece of land based on how beneficial it

was to America. Your choices should honor given events, themes, and issues of the time they were acquired.

PICK 1 as most beneficial and 1 as least beneficial. Put your thoughts on a separate sheet of paper

– 1803 Louisiana Purchase– 1818 Rush-Bagot Treaty– 1819 Adams-Onis Treaty– 1845 Texas Annexation– 1846 Oregon Territory– 1848 Mexican Cession– 1853 Gadsden Purchase

Territorial Expansion1803-1853

1803 – Louisiana Purchase (PURCHASE / French)

1818 – Rush-Bagot Treaty (post-War of 1812)

1819 – Adams-Onis Treaty(TREATY / Spain)

1845 – Texas Annexation (WAR / Mexico)

1846 – Oregon Territory (TREATY / British)

1848 – Mexican Cession (TREATY / Mexico)

1853 – Gadsden Purchase (PURCHASE / Mexico)

Territorial Expansion Flipchart

Objective: Assess the competing forces of expansionism and the effects on American culture. Goal 2: Expansion and reform (1803-1853)

Group / 21st Century Learning: Collaborate with partners to build your flipchart

Each chart should include the following:

(1) Title and Year

(2) Drawn sketch of area

(3) Effect on culture / What did America go through in order to annex the territory (bullet-form)

(1) TITLE = Territorial Expansion

(2) 1803 – Louisiana Purchase

(3) 1818 – Rush-Bagot Treaty

(4) 1819 – Adams-Onis Treaty

(5) 1845 – Texas Annexation

(6) 1846 – Oregon Territory

(7) 1848 – Mexican Cession

(8) 1853 – Gadsden Purchase