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GRAMMAR BOOK PART 2 By: Elena Anderson

Grammar book 2

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Page 1: Grammar book 2

GRAMMAR BOOK PART 2By: Elena Anderson

Page 2: Grammar book 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Inclusive Preterite page2. demonstratives adjectives + pronouns=

nuder 3. Ordinal #'s4. Prepositions5. Future6. Imperfect7. Possessive adjectives + pronouns8. Reflexives

Page 3: Grammar book 2

PRETERITE VERBS

Cucaracha Verbs

Yo é íTú aste

isteÉl/ ella ó ióNosotros amos isteisEllos aron

ieronEl Pretérito

IrregularesUn diaUna vez AyerA nocheHace un año YaEl mes pasadoAnteayerPor una horaPor finA las nochoEl cinco de febero

Trigger Words

Tocar Jugar Comenzar

toqué jugué comencé

Tocaste Jugaste Comenzaste

Tocó Jugó Comenzó

Tocamos Jugamos Comenzamos

Tocaron Jugaron Comenzaron

Snakeyy changers-LeerLeí LeimosLeisteLeyó Leyeron

Ir(go) Ser (be)

Fui Fuimos

Fuiste

Fue Fueron

Car gar zar

Spock

Page 4: Grammar book 2

ORDINAL NUMBERS • When used with nouns, they must agree with name and gender

• placed before nouns • Pimero and lercero drop the o before the masculine singular noun

Primero-a Segundo-a

Tercero-a Cuarto-a Quinto-a Sexto-a

Séptimo-a Octavo-a

Noveno-a

Décimo-a

Page 5: Grammar book 2

DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES, PRONOUNS, NEUTER

Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine

Este Esta This; these Estos Estas

Ese Esa That; those Esos Esas

Aquel Aquella That; those over there

Aquellos Aquellas

Singular Plural

-This that these those, words that demonstrate or point out nouns esta that-Agree with gender and number with noun that modifies1) Este esta estos estas = proximity to speaker and listener “this and that get the T’s2) Ese esa esos esas= distance from speaker, proximity to listener 3) Aquel aquella aquellos aquellas= distance from speaker and listener

Singular- M Singular- F Plural- M Plural- F

Éste Ésta Éstos Éstas

Ése Ésa Ésos Ésas

Aquél Aquélla Aquéllos Aquéllas

Demonstrative Pronouns -neuter, gender

Esto

Eso

Aquello

Page 6: Grammar book 2

PREPOSICIONES

Izquierda (de), Derecha (de)

Delante (de), Detrás (de)Cerca (de), Lejos (de)….y algo más Afuera (de), Adentro (de)Debajo (de), Encima (de)Entre, Al Lado (de)…se termina la rima

Page 7: Grammar book 2

EL FUTRO (WILL)

Los Irregulares

Decir Dir

Hacer Har

Poner Pondr

Salir Saldr

Tener Tendr

Poder Podr

Querer Querr

Saber Sabr

ÉÁsÁEmosÁn In

fin

itiv

e +

Ar Er, Ir

Page 8: Grammar book 2

IMPERFECT Ways to use Imperfect

To speak about background events in a story To talk about something you used to do as a matter of

habit To speak about how old someone was To say what time it was

-ar cantar

Er- tener Ir- salir

Cantaba Tenia Salia

Cantabas Tenias Salias

Cantaba Tenia Salia

Cantabamos

Teniamos Saliamos

Cantaban Tenian Salian

Ser Ir Ver

Era Iba Veia

Eras Ibas Veias

Era Iba Veia

Eramos Ibamos Veiamos

Erais Ibais Veiais

Eran Iban Veian

Page 9: Grammar book 2

POSSESSIVE ADJ AND PRONOUNS Stressed possessive adj and pronouns short and long

Unstressed short Stressed long

Stressed used for emphasis of mine, of his, of hers

Masculine Feminine

Mio(s) Mia(s)

Tuyo(s) Tuya(s)

Suyo(s) Suya(s)

Nuestro(s) Nuestra(s)

Vuestro(s) Vuestra(s)

Suyo(s) Suya(s)

Possessive Pronounsdefinite article = stressed adj[article] + [noun] +

adjective

Page 10: Grammar book 2

REFLEXIVES Pronouns

You can use direrct object pronouns(me, te, lo, la, nos, os, los, las) with the verbs.

Ex La escondo I’m hiding it

o Reflexive Verbs

- Use reflexive pronouns- The pronoun is the same person, place, or thing as the subject

*Ex: Me escondo * I’m hiding(myself).

Me escondo Nos escondo

Te escondes Os escondeis

Se esconde Se esconden