GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 1874 - 1900

Unit 6

CULTURE IN CONFLICTChapter 17

WEST TEXAS AFTER THE CIVIL WAR

Chapter 17, Section 1

VOCABULARY

1. Campaign2. Agent

STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES

Soldiers Native Americans

Strengths

Weaknesses

STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES

Soldiers Native Americans

Strengths Forts and federal government support

Knowledge of the territory and they were skilled fighters

Weaknesses

Few soldiers, untrained, short on supplies, bad fort locations, no experience in fighting Native Americans

Dependence on the buffalo and fighting among the leaders

RESERVATIONS AND THE NATIVE AMERICANS

Chief Reject the Reservation

Accept the Reservation

Black Horse

Horseback

Lone Wolf

Quanah Parker

Striking Eagle

REFLECTION QUESTIONS, 17.1

1. What advantage did the Native Americans have over federal soldiers?

2. Why was the U.S. Army not able to stop Native American attacks before the Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek?

3. Why did the Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek fail?4. Why was control of the land important to both Native

American and Anglo settlers?5. What are some of the alternative ways Lawrie Tatum

could have approached his job? How did his personal beliefs affect his choices?

WEST TEXAS AT WARChapter 17, Section 2

VOCABULARY

1. Paunch2. Sinew 3. Bill4. Commissary

BATTLES OUTCOMES

Battle OutcomeSalt Creek

Adobe Walls

Palo Duro Canyon

BATTLES OUTCOMES

Battle Outcome

Salt Creek Three Kiowa chiefs are arrested and the peace policy is abandoned

Adobe Walls Attacks increase on West Texas settlements and the army is put in charge of Native American affairs

Palo Duro Canyon Army troops capture supplies and Native Americans surrender

WHY EVENTS HAPPENED

Event Purpose

Early Texas campaigns

Buffalo hunts by Anglos

Red River campaign

WHY EVENTS HAPPENED

Event Purpose

Early Texas campaigns

To establish peace in the South Plains

Buffalo huts by Anglos

To sell the hides for profit and defeat the Plains groups

Red River campaign To push Native Americans onto the reservations

REFLECTION QUESTIONS 17.21. How did General Sherman’s thinking change during his

tour of Texas?2. Why did General Sheridan want the buffalo slaughtered?3. What happened at the Battle of Palo Duro Canyon?4. Why was the Battle of Palo Duro Canyon significant?5. Why was is not possible for Native American and Anglo

cultures to live together in peace?6. How did the army’s policy of attacking Native Americans

rather than defending settlements affect the Native Americans in West Texas?

FIGHTING ON THE RIO GRANDEChapter 17, Section 3

VOCABULARY

•Renegade

IMPORTANT FACTS (2 EACH)Person/Group Important Facts

Victorio 1. 2.

Buffalo Soldiers 1.2.

Benjamin Grierson

1.2.

Texas Rangers 1.2.

IMPORTANT FACTS (2 EACH)Person/Group Important Facts

Victorio 1. Apache Chief2. His defeat was the end of the Apache Wars in Texas

Buffalo Soldiers 1. African Americans2. Skilled and courageous who were sometimes treated unfairly by the Anglo-Americans

Benjamin Grierson

1. Commanded African American troops2. Forced the Apaches across the Rio Grande

Texas Rangers 1. Went to establish peace in the lower Rio Grande Valley2. May have mistreated Mexican Americans

EFFECTS OF THE FRONTIER WAR

Group Effects of Frontier Wars

Native Americans

Anglo Settlers

Mexican Americans

EFFECTS OF THE FRONTIER WAR

Group Effects of Frontier Wars

Native Americans Culture was destroyed and were forced onto reservations

Anglo Settlers Could move into West Texas without fear of raids

Mexican Americans Less lawlessness

REFLECTION QUESTIONS 17.3

1. Who was Chief Victorio?2. What were three causes of declining Native

American populations in Texas?3. How were the buffalo soldiers important in the

frontier battles?4. With the coming of new farms and towns to the

plains, how did life change for young Native Americans?

NOTES QUIZ 17.3

1. What were three causes of declining Native American populations in Texas?

2. What happened to many young Native Americans?

3. What two settlements started around military posts?

4. How were the buffalo soldiers important in the frontier battles?

DISCUSSION QUESTION 17.3

•MLA format•No more than 150 words

•As a member of the Texas Legislature, would you have voted to protect the buffalo? Explain why you would have voted that way.

FARMING AND RANCHING

Chapter 18

ORIGINS OF THE CATTLE KINGDOM

Chapter 18, Section 1

VOCABULARY

1. Open Range

2. Vaquero

3. Ranchero

4. Tallow

5. Stockyard

6. Drive

7. Drover

8. Wrangler

9. Quarantine

MOVING CATTLE ON THE CATTLE TRAILS

Trail Name Where it Ended

Abilene, Kansas

Great Western Trail

Colorado

MOVING CATTLE ON THE CATTLE TRAILS

Trail Name Where it Ended

Chisholm Trail Abilene, Kansas

Great Western Trail Dodge City, Kansas

Goodnight-Loving Trail Colorado

SEQUENCE THESE EVENTS

A. Cattle raised on ranches.

B. Farmers along cattle trails feared Texas Fever.

C. Spanish explorers brought cattle to Texas.

D. Early ranchers used the open range.

SEQUENCE THESE EVENTS

1. Spanish explorers brought cattle to Texas.

2. Early ranches used the open range.

3. Farmers along cattle trails feared Texas Fever.

4. Cattle raised on ranches.

REFLECTION QUESTIONS 18.1

1. What about Texas geography made the region ideal cattle country?

2. Why was South Texas considered ideal cattle country?3. How did the railroads increase profits for the cattle

industry?4. What factors led to the end of cattle drives after 1885?5. What changes made cattle ranching profitable after the

Civil War?

THE DAYS OF THE BIG RANCHES

Chapter 18, Section 2

VOCABULARY

1. Mustang2. Felony

PROBLEM SOLVING INVENTIONS

Problem Solution

Cattle herds trampled crops

Fences blocked access to water

PROBLEM SOLVING INVENTIONS

Problem Solution

Cattle herds trampled crops

Barbed Wire

Fences blocked access to water

Windmills

BIG RANCHES

Ranch Owner Ranch Name Acreage

Henrietta King and Robert Kleberg

1 million

JA

Thomas Bugbee 450,000

Hipolito Garcia

BIG RANCHES

Ranch Owner Ranch Name Acreage

Henrietta King and Robert Kleberg

King Ranch 1 million

John Adair and Charles Goodnight

JA 1 million

Thomas Bugbee Shoe Bar 450,000

Hipolito Garcia Randado Ranch 80,000

REFLECTION QUESTIONS 18.2

1. In what way did ranching play a part in building the state capitol in Austin?

2. Who was the most successful inventor of barbed wire?3. How did the ranches contribute to the cultural diversity

of Texas?4. What are the two reasons for the decline in cattle

prices?5. How did Mexican Americans contribute to cattle and

sheep ranching?

NOTES QUIZ 18.2

1. What action did the Texas Legislature take to help cattle and sheep raisers protect their land?

2. Who owned the Randado Ranch?3. What are the two reasons for the decline in cattle

prices?4. Who were Elizabeth Johnson Williams and

Henrietta King?5. Define felony.

FARMING AFTER THE CIVIL WAR

Chapter 18, Section 3

VOCABULARY

1.Dry Farming2.Tenant Farmer3.Sharecropper

DEVELOPMENT OF FARMING IN TEXAS

Factor Effect on FarmingCheaper Land

Dry Farming

Drought

Railroad System

DEVELOPMENT OF FARMING IN TEXAS

Factor Effect on FarmingCheaper Land Brought more new farmers to Texas

Dry Farming Allowed crops to grow in drier climates

Drought Ruined many farmers

Railroad System Encouraged farmers to settle in Texas

REFLECTION QUESTIONS 18.3

1.Identify the seven major cash crops produced in Texas at this time.

2.How did the arrival of railroads change farming in Texas?

3.Why did many farmers fail?4.Why were many sharecroppers not

successful?

DISCUSSION QUESTION 18.3

• MLA format

• No more than 150 words

• Works Cited Page and Citation in Text are required

•Large plantations were too vast for one family to manage by themselves. With slaves set free, what options did the plantation owner have to find necessary workers?

POLITICS AND PROGRESSChapter 19

VOCABULARY

1.Suffrage2.Pension3.Vigilante

LIMITED POWERS: THE CONSTITUTION OF 1876

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

LIMITED POWERS: THE CONSTITUTION OF 1876

1. Reduced the powers of the governor

2. Limited the legislature to meeting only every two years

3. Lowered taxes

4. Lowered government salaries

5. Reduced the spending on education

6. No voting rights for women

WHICH GOVERNOR?

Event GovernorPublic debt rose to $3 millionPublic debt rose to $5.5 millionPensions were cut

WHICH GOVERNOR?

Event GovernorPublic debt rose to $3 million

Governor Coke

Public debt rose to $5.5 million

Governor Hubbard

Pensions were cut Governor Roberts

REFLECTION QUESTIONS 19.1

1. Why was the Constitution of 1869 replaced with a new constitution?

2. Which party did many African Americans support and why?

3. Why were women denied the right to vote for so long?4. What constitution does Texas use today and about how

many amendments are their to this constitution?5. How did public officials reduce public spending and

lower taxes?