GROWTH:

Westward Expansion

John O’Sullivan:

“[T]he nation of many nations is destined to manifest to mankind the excellence of divine principles…Who then can doubt that our country is destined to be the great nation of futurity?”

So how would the U.S. manifest (show or

fulfill) their destiny?

The belief that the United States would

spread from the Atlantic coast to the

Pacific Ocean.

Manifest Destiny

Proclamation of 1763

Treaty of Paris - 1783

Louisiana Purchase - 1803

The Corps of Discovery

Expedition of Meriwether Lewis and

William Clark and 40

men.

Zebulon Pike

Sent to find the source of the Red and

Missouri Rivers. Pikes Peak

Setting BordersNorthern Border

Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817)

• Set rules to sizes of navies in the Great Lakes

Treaty of 1818• Set northern border at

49 degrees latitude.

Adams-Onis Treaty•Ceded FL to

the U.S.

The Missouri Compromise

•Answer to the question: is slavery legal in the western territories?

The Missouri Compromise• Answer to the question: is slavery

legal in the western territories?

Trails West

Mountain Men

Image from: http://www.legendsofamerica.com

Pioneer Women The

Mormons

Forty Niner’s

Oregon Trail

“54’ 40” or Fight!”James K. Polk’s

campaign slogan.

“54’ 40” or Fight!”• James K. Polk’s campaign slogan.

• The U.S. signed a treaty in 1846 setting the Oregon border at 49° Latitude. (The current northern border) after Polk’s election.

Texas Independence

• Texas wins its independence from Mexico on April 21, 1836 at the Battle of San Jacinto.

• The Republic of Texas 1836-1845James K. Polk promised to annex

Texas if elected in 1844.

Texas Independence

Concerns over annexing Texas:1.it was below the Missouri

Compromise line, making it a slave state.

2.The U.S. did not want war with Mexico.

Troubles with Mexico

Zachary Taylor

• “Old Rough and Ready”• Sent by President Polk to

guard the border at the Rio Grande

Zachary Taylor

• “Old Rough and Ready”• Sent by President Polk to

guard the border at the Rio Grande

• April 25, 1847 a group of Mexican soldiers ambush Taylor’s troops – wounding 16 American soldiers.

The Mexican – American War

“Mexico has passed the boundary of the United States, has invaded our territory, and shed American blood upon American soil.” -- President James K. Polk

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

1. Ends the Mexican War.

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

1. Ends the Mexican War.

2.Mexican Cession:The United States gains land that is in

the modern-day states of New Mexico, California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of Colorado and Wyoming.

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

1. Ends the Mexican War.

2. Mexican Cession:The United States gains land that is in the modern-

day states of New Mexico, California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of Colorado and Wyoming.

3. Mexico is paid $15 million

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

1. Ends the Mexican War.

2. Mexican Cession:The United States gains land that is in the modern-day states

of New Mexico, California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of Colorado and Wyoming.

3. Mexico is paid $15 million

4. The United States agrees to protect Mexicans who are already living in these territories.

The Gadsden Purchase -- 1853

The Gadsden Purchase -- 1853

• Strip of land south of the Mexican Cession• The U.S. paid $10 million to

Mexico

The Gadsden Purchase -- 1853

• Strip of land south of the Mexican Cession• The U.S. paid $10 million to Mexico

• Set borders of the contiguous United States at its current borders.

The United States in 1853

The United States in 1853

The United States in 1853

The United States in 1853

The United States in 1853

The United States in 1853

The United States in 1853

The United States in 1853

The United States in 1853

The United States in 1853

Manifest Destiny Realized

1. Thirteen Colonies 2. Treaty of Paris - 1783

-- Northwest Territory/Northwest Ordinance3. Louisiana Purchase4. Treaty of 18185. Adams-Onis Treaty6. Oregon Territory7. Texas Annexation8. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (The Mexican

Cession)9. The Gadsden Purchase

“From sea to shining sea.”