IS : 2707 • 1t8Z

Indian StandardSPECIFICATION FOR

CARBON STEEL CASTINGS FORSURFACE HARDENING

( Second Revision )

una 669'14-14-155

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@ Copyright 1983

INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTIONMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAH/.DUlt SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

Or 3 February 1983

\;

IS : 2707 - 1982

Indian StandardSPECIFICATION FOR

CARBON STEEL CASTINGS FORSURFACE HARDENING

( Second Revision)

Steel Castings Sectional Committee, SMDC 20

ChairmanSHRI T. KUMAR

RepresentingSteelcast Bh~vnagar Pvt Ltd, Bhavnagar

I

MembersSHRI S. K. BASU M. N. Dastur & Co Pvt Ltd, Calcutta

SHRI V. GOPAL KRISHAN (Alternate)SHRI V. P. BHATT Sri Ramakrishna Steel Industries Ltd, Coimbatore

SHRI A. SHANMUGASUNDARAM (Alternate)SHRI R. P. S. BURMEE Uni Abex Alloy Products Ltd, Thana

SHRI A. K. MALLICK (Alternate)SHRI P. K. GANGOPADHYAY Ministry of Defence (DGI)

SHRI R. N. RAY (Alternate)SHm V. C. GOPALA RAO Hindustan Shipyard Ltd, Visakhapatnam

SHm C. K. KURIAKOSE ( Alternate)SHRI SUSHIL KUMAR GUPTA Northern India Iron & Steel Co Ltd, FaridabadJOINT D IRE C TOR ( MI) RDSO, Ministry of Railways

LtrozxowCHEMIST & METALLURGIST

CLW, CHITTARANJAN (Alternate I)DEPUTY CHIEF MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING (SF) CLW,CHITTARANJAN (Alternate II)

SIIR! K. KISHORE National Institute offoundry & Forge Technology,Ranchi

SHRI 0. P. MITTAL Bhartia Electric Steel Co Ltd, FaridabadSHRI K. HARIHARAN ( Alternate)

SHRI T. R. MOHAN RAO Directorate General of Technical Department,New Delhi

SHRI U. SEN (Alternate)SHRI U. S. PANTULU Bharat Earth Movers Ltd, Bangalore

SHRI E. C. NAItAYANAN (Alternate)( Continued on page 2 )

© Copyright 1983INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION

This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act (XIV of 1957) andreproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of thepublisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.

IS : 2707 • 1982

( Continued from page I)

RepresentingHeavy Engineering Corporation Ltd, Ranchi

MembersSHRI B. V. PRABHU

SHBI L. P. SINGH (Alternate)SHRI C. M. PRASADSERI K. RAMASWAMY

SHBI D. GUPTA (Alternate)SHm S. RAMASWAMY

SHRI Z. M. BHATE (Alternate)SHBI P. P. RASTOGI

SHRI D. SINGH (Alternate)SERI C. S. REDDY Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd, Hyderabad

SHRI U. MOHAN RAO (Alternate I)DB G. VENKATBAMAN ( Altnnat« II )

SHBI R. N. SAHA Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals,New Delhi

SHRI DABBABA SINGH ( Alternate)SHBI C. R. RAM A RAO, Director General, ISI (Ex-officio Member)

Director ( Struc & Met)

Central Boilers Board, New DelhiUtkal Machinery Ltd, Sundergarh

Mukand Iron & Steel Works Ltd, Bombay

Steel Authority of India Ltd, New Delhi

SecretarySEBI V. K.JAI'"

Deputy Director ( Met), IS!

2

IS : 2707 • 1982

Indian StandardSPECIFICATION FOR

CARBON STEEL CASTINGS FORSURFACE HARDENING

( Second Revision)

O. FOR EW 0 R D

0.1 This Indian Standard ( Second Revision) was adopted by the IndianStandards Institution on 24 August 1982, after the draft finalized by theSteel Castings Sectional Committee had been approved by the Structuraland Metals Division Council.

0.2 This standard was first published in 1964 and was revised in 1973.While reviewing the standard in the light of the experience gained duringthese years, the committee decided that the standard may further berevised incorporating the following main modifications:

a) Chemical requirements for Grade 2 have been modified so as toenable the castings to be supplied in the quenched and temperedcondition.

b) Mechanical properties have been modified for Grade 2.

c) Mechanical properties have been specified in terms of MPa(Nfmm2) in keeping with the adoption of SI units, bothnationally and internationally.

d) Various clauses have been aligned with existing standards onsteel castings.

0.3 Carbon steel castings are surface hardened for special serviceconditions where a tough core with a hard surface for better wearresistance is necessary, for example, for heavy gears and anvils.

0.4 For the benefit of the purchaser an informative Appendix (seeAppendix A) has been included giving particulars to be specified by thepurchaser while ordering steel castings to this specification.

0.5 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of thisstandard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated,

3

IS : 2707 - 1982

expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordancewith IS: 2-1960*. The number of significant places retained in therounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in thisstandard.

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard covers the requirements for carbon steel castings forsurface hardening.

2. TERMINOLOGY

2.0 For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions shallapply.

2.1 Cast ( Melt) - The product of any of the following:

a) One furnace heat,

b) One crucible heat, or

c) A number of furnace or crucible heats of similar compositionmixed in a ladle or tapped in separate ladles and pouredsimultaneously for making a casting.

2.2 Batch - A group of castings of one grade of material, cast from thesame melt and heat treated together under identical conditions.

3. GRADES

3.1 There shall be three grades of steel castings for case carburizingnamely, Grade I,Grade 2 and Grade 3.

4. SUPPLY OF MATERIAL

4.1 General requirements relating to the supply of steel castings for casecarburizing shall be as laid down in IS : 8800-1978t.

5. MANUFACTURE

5.1 The steel for the castings shall be made by electric arc or electricinduction or such other processes as may be agreed to between thepurchaser and the manufacturer.

*Rules for rounding ofTnumerical values (rtvised).tTechnical supply conditions for steel castings.

4

IS : 2707 • 1982

6. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

6.1 The ladle analysis of steel used for the various grades of castings,when analysed in accordance with the relevant part of IS : 228*, shallconform to the requirements given in Table 1.

TABLE 1 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CARBON STEEL CASTINGSFOR SURFACE HARDENING

( Clauses 6.1 and 6.3 )

CONSTITUENT REQUIREMENT,- -J--.-

Grade 1, Percent Grade 2, Percent

Carbon 0·42 to 0'48 0'39 to 0'45

Silicon, Max 0·60 0·30 to 0'80

Manganese, Max 1'0 1'0 to 1'4

Sulphur, Max 0'050 0'05

Phosphorus, Ma« 0'050 0'05

-Chromium, Max 0'25 0'25

-Nickel, Max 0'40 0'40

·Molybdenum, Max 0'15 0'15

·Copper, Max 0·30 0'30

Residual elements ( total ), Max 0'80 0'80

·Residual elements

-...-'

6.2 The manufacturer shall carry out analysis from each cast of steel andif required by the purchaser, shall supply a test certificate of chemicalanalysis of the sample of steel from each cast.

6.3 Product Analysis - The product analysis may be carried out froma broken tensile test piece or from a casting representing each melt.Drillings for analysis shall be taken from not less than 6 mm beneathsurfaces and in such manner as not to impair the usefulness of anycasting selected. The permissible variation in product analysis from thelimits specified in Table 1 shall be as given in IS : 6601-1972t.

·Methods of chemical analysis of steels (second revision).tPerrnissible deviation in chemical composition for product analysis of steel castings.

5

•..

IS : 2707 - 1982

7. WORKMANSHIP AND FINISH

7.1 The castings shall be accurately moulded in accordance with thepattern or the working drawings supplied by the purchaser with theaddition of such letters, figures and marks as may be specified.

7.2 The purchaser shall specify the tolerances on all importantdimensions. On other dimensions, tolerances specified in IS : 4897-1976*shall apply. .

8. FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS

8.1 All castings shall be free from defects that will adversely affect ifmachining and utility of castings.

8.2 When necessary to remove risers by flame cutting, care shall be takento make the cut at a sufficient distance from the body of the casting so as

"to prevent any defect being introduced into the casting due to localheating. Any flame or arc cutting which may have to be done shall becarried out before heat treatment.

8.3 In the event of any casting proving defective from foundry causes inthe Course of preparation, machiriing or erection, such castings may berejected, notwithstanding any previous certificate of satisfactory testingand/or inspection.

9. FETTLING AND DRESSING

9.1 All castings shall be properly fettled and dressed, and all surfacesshall be thoroughly cleaned.

10. HEAT TREATMENT

10.1 Heat Treament of Castings - Unless otherwise specified, Grade 1castings shall be supplied in annealed or normalized and temperedcondition, and Grade 2 castings shall be supplied in-oil-quenched andtempered condition.

Il. MECHANICAL TESTS

11.0 Mechanical properties specified are those which are to be obtainedfrom test bars cast either separately from or attached to the castings towhich they refer and heat treated as given in 1(}.2. The test values soexhibited represent, therefore, the quality of steel from which castingshave been poured. They do not necessarily represent the properties ofthe castings themselves.

• Deviations for untoleranced dimensions and mass of steel castings (first revision).

6

IS : 2707 - 1982

11.1 Tensile Test - The tensile test shall be carried out in accordancewith IS : 1608-1972*. The minim urn tensile strength, yiel d stress and theelongation percent for the two grades of castings shall be as specified inTable 2.

TABLE 2 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON STEELCASTINGS FOR SURFACE HARDENING

PROPERTIES REQUIREMENT

r ~--------~Grade 1 Grade 2

Tensile strength, MPa, Mil! 620Yield stress, MPa, Min 320Elongation, percent, MinGauge length = 5'65yS;;- 12I MPa = I N/mm2 = I MN/m2 = 0'1020 kgf/mm2.

690490

12

12. HARDENING TEST

12.1 If the purchaser so desires, a test piece, 13 mm in diameter and80 mm long, shall be machined from a test sample representing each cast.The test piece shall be heated to a temperature between 800 and 840°Cand quenched in water. The test piece shall then be submitted to ahardness test in accordance with IS: 1500-1968t, and shall show aBrinell hardness number not less than 460 for Grade 1 and not less than535 for Grade 2.

13. NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTS

{ 13.1 If specified in the inquiry, contract, or order and when mutuallyagreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturers, castings made tothese specifications shall be subject to radiographic Or other methods ofnon-destructive inspection.

13.2 Methods, procedure and number of pieces and areas to be inspectedshall be agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer at the timeof enquiry and order.

13.3 When castings are tested by ultrasonic method, acceptance standardshall be as per IS: 9565-1980:::.

·Method for tensile testing of steel products (first revision).tMethod for Brinell hardness test for steel (first revision).~Acceptance standards for ultrasonic inspection of steel castings.

7

IS : 2707 • 1982

14. SAMPLING14.1 The methods of sampling the steel castings for the purpose ofchemical analysis and mechanical tests including re-test shall be inaccordance with IS : 6907-1973*.

15. REPAIR OF CASTINGS15.1 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser on enquiry and order,castings may be rectified by welding without the previous permission ofthe purchaser.

15.1.1 All repairs by welding shall be carried out in accordance withthe procedure laid down in IS : 5530-1969t.

15.2 If castings have been subjected to non-destructive testing byagreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, the castingsshall be re-examined in the area of repair following any rectifyingoperation performed on the castings.

16. MARKING16.1 Each casting shall be legibly marked with the following:

a) Grade of the casting,b) The number or identification mark by which it is possible to

trace the melt and the heat treatment batch from which it wasmade,

c) The manufacturer's initials or trade-mark, andd) Other ideptification marks in accordance with the agreement

between the purchaser and the manufacturer.

16.2 By agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, castingscomplying with the requirements of this standard shall, after inspection,be legibly marked with an acceptance mark.

16.2.1 The castings may also be marked with the ISI CertificationMark.

NOTE - The use of the ISI Certification Mark is governed by the provisions ofthe Indian Standards Institution (Certification Marks) Act and the Rules andRegulations made thereunder. The ISI Mark on products covered by an IndianStandard conveys the assurance that they have been produced to comply with therequirements of that standard under a well-defined system of inspection, testing andquality control which is devised and supervised by ISI and operated by theproducer. ISI marked products are also continuously checked by ISI for conformityto that standard as a further safeguard. Details of conditions under which a licencefor the use of the ISI Certification Mark may be granted to manufacturers orprocessors, may be obtained from the Indian Standards Institution.

*Methods of sampling of steel castings.tCode of procedure for repair and rectification of steel castings by metal arc welding

process.

8

IS : 2707 - 1982

APPENDIX A(Clause 0.4)

INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE PURCHASER

A-I. BASIS FOR ORDER

A-I.l While placing an order for the purchase of steel castings coveredby this standard the purchaser should specify the following:

a) Material specifications;

b) Drawing or reference number of the pattern (if supplied by thepurchaser), along with a copy of the drawing;

c) Tests required;

d) Whether the castings are to be inspected and tested in thepresence of the purchaser's representative;

e) Condition of delivery;

f) Any special requirements; and

g) Test reports, if required.

9

INDIAN STANDARDS

ON

STEEL CASTINGS

Austenitic manganese steel castings ( third revision)Carbon steel castings for general engineering purposes (second revision)High tensile steel castings (second revision)Carbon steel castings for surface hardening (first revision)I:5 percent manganese steel castings (first revision)Carbon steel castings for pressure containing parts suitable for hightemperature service ( fusion welding quality) (second revision)Steel castings for ship's structure (first "vision)Steel castings for marine engines and boilersAlloy steel castings for pressure containing parts suitable for high temperatureservice (first revision)

3444-1978 Corrosion resistant alloy steel and nickel based castings for generalapplications (first revision)

4331 (Part 1)-1981 Comparision of Indian and overseas standards for steel castings:Part I Steel castings for general engineering purposes (first revision)Steel castings for high magnetic permeability (first revision)Heat resistant alloy steel castings (first revision)One percent chromium steel castings for resistance to abrasion (first revision)Deviations for untoleranced dimensions and mass of steel castings(first revision)Steel castings for case carburizingFerritic steel castings for use at low temperatures (first revision)Low alloy cast steel grinding media (first revision)Permissible deviations in chemical composition for products analysis ofsteel castingsFerritic and austenitic steel castings for high temperature serviceLow alloy steel castings suitable for pressure serviceSurface quality of steel castings for valves and fittings ( visual method)Technical supply conditions for steel castingsCast GTe segmentsAcceptance standards for ultrasonic inspection of steel castingsSteel castings for general engineering purposes

IS:

276-19781030-19742644-19792707-19732708-19732856-1979

2985-19732986-19643038-1974

4491-19794522-19794896-19764897-1976

4898-19684899-19766079-19806601-1972

7806-19757898-19758092-19768800-19789541-19809565-19809731-1980

INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS (SI UNITS)

Base Units

QUANTITY UNIT SYMBOL

Length metre mMau kilogram kgTime second •Electric current ampere AThermodynamic kelvin Ktemperature

Luminous inteDiity candela cdAmount of lubatan.e mole mol

Supplementary Units

QU .••.NTITy UNIT SYMBOL

Plane angle radian radSolid angle Iteradian Ir

Derived Units

QUANTITY UNIT SYMBOL DBI'INITION

Force newton N IN I kg.m/.1Energy joule J I J I N.mPower watt W l.w I J/'Flux weber Wh I Wb I V .•Flux density teala T I T I Wb/m'Frequency hertz Hz I Hz leI. (S_l)Electric conductance siemens S I S I AIVElectromotive force volt V IV I W/APreSl,!re, Itreu pasca] Pa I Pa I N/ml

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