Joints or Structural Members in in TRIFLEX ® WINDOWS Joints or Structural Members in in TRIFLEX ® WINDOWS

Joints or Structural Joints or Structural MembersMembers

in in TRIFLEXTRIFLEX®® WINDOWS WINDOWS

Joints or Structural Joints or Structural MembersMembers

in in TRIFLEXTRIFLEX®® WINDOWS WINDOWS

Joints or Structural Members2

TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com

In TRIFLEX® WINDOWS supports two types of structural members:

Rigid Joint (Structural Member)

Rigid Joint (Structural Member)

Flexible Joint (Structural Member)

Flexible Joint (Structural Member)



Rigid Joint (Structural Member)Rigid Joint (Structural Member)

To code a Rigid Joint (Structural Member) click with the mouse

on “Joint” icon from the Graphics Toolbar

To code a Rigid Joint (Structural Member) click with the mouse

on “Joint” icon from the Graphics Toolbar

The default settings for a Rigid Joint are:

Weight = 0Use Absolute Length

The default settings for a Rigid Joint are:

Weight = 0Use Absolute Length




If the length of the Rigid Joint is smaller than the Absolute Length, TRIFLEX will code automatically a pipe which will precede the joint.

The Absolute Length will be equal with length of the pipe plus length of the rigid joint

If the length of the Rigid Joint is smaller than the Absolute Length, TRIFLEX will code automatically a pipe which will precede the joint.

The Absolute Length will be equal with length of the pipe plus length of the rigid joint

In this case:Absolute Length = 5 ftLength of the Rigid Joint = 1 ftLength of the preceding pipe = 4 ftWeight of the Rigid Joint =100 lbs

In this case:Absolute Length = 5 ftLength of the Rigid Joint = 1 ftLength of the preceding pipe = 4 ftWeight of the Rigid Joint =100 lbs




The Rigid Joint can be used to model the

following components:

(the list is not exclusive):

Pumps

Turbines

Rigid supports

Rigid connections

User defined flanges

User defined valves

Rigid vessels

Offsets

All types of rigid equipment

The Rigid Joint can be used to model the

following components:

(the list is not exclusive):

Pumps

Turbines

Rigid supports

Rigid connections

User defined flanges

User defined valves

Rigid vessels

Offsets

All types of rigid equipment



Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)

Flexible Joints (Flexible Structural Members) are used to model flexible supports or complex structures connected with piping system.

In the “Structural Steel” database, TRIFLEX® incorporates the AISC standard shapes, dimensions, and properties for W, M, S, H Shapes, Channels, Angles, Round Bar, Square Bar, Structural Tubing, etc.

An easy to use “User Defined” tool allows the user to input new and unconventional shapes in the Steel Database.

Flexible Joints (Flexible Structural Members) are used to model flexible supports or complex structures connected with piping system.

In the “Structural Steel” database, TRIFLEX® incorporates the AISC standard shapes, dimensions, and properties for W, M, S, H Shapes, Channels, Angles, Round Bar, Square Bar, Structural Tubing, etc.

An easy to use “User Defined” tool allows the user to input new and unconventional shapes in the Steel Database.



W Shapes

M Shapes

S Shapes

HP Shapes

American Standard Channels

Miscellaneous Channel

Angles (L)

Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) AISC DatabaseFlexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) AISC Database



Round Bars Square Bars Rectangular Bars




Structural Tubing Steel Pipe




Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined DataFlexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined Data

To input a User Defined shape in the

“Structural Steel” database, click with the mouse on “Structural Steel” in “Utilities”, ”Databases” menu

To input a User Defined shape in the

“Structural Steel” database, click with the mouse on “Structural Steel” in “Utilities”, ”Databases” menu

On “Structural Steel Database” dialog, Click

on “New” button to enter new data

On “Structural Steel Database” dialog, Click

on “New” button to enter new data




B axes

C axes

1

23

4

The points should be input in

counterclockwise order

The points should be input in

counterclockwise order

Input the point’s coordinates to describe the cross sectional area of

the new shape and click “OK”

Input the point’s coordinates to describe the cross sectional area of

the new shape and click “OK”

Based on input points TRIFLEX®

will calculate the cross sectional area characteristics.

NOTE: Torsion Constant, K is an Input Data

Based on input points TRIFLEX®

will calculate the cross sectional area characteristics.

NOTE: Torsion Constant, K is an Input Data




The “New Shape 1” User Defined Flexible Joint

The “New Shape 1” User Defined Flexible Joint



Torsional Constant - a common error:

K is used to describe the torsional constant. Unfortunately, this same variable is used to describe the polar moment of inertia of a shape. These are NOT the same thing. To add to the confusion, in the case of a circular member they are numerically equal. With other shapes, severe miscalculations result when the polar moment of inertia is used as the torsional constant. The polar moment of inertia is the sum of the X and Y moments of inertia. For an I-beam the torsional constant is equal to:

Where t is the element thickness. For a W8x24, the polar moment of inertia is approximately 101 in4 whereas the torsional constant is only 0.35 in4. Since is inversely proportional to J, this error could result in grossly under-calculating the stress.





Using “Mirror C Axes”

option, the profile can be flipped about B Axes such

that the C direction

becomes the NEGATIVE C

direction

Using “Mirror C Axes”

option, the profile can be flipped about B Axes such

that the C direction

becomes the NEGATIVE C

direction



Using “Orientation of B Axis counter clockwise from the MNU

direction vector” option, the profile can be rotated about the A

Axis

Using “Orientation of B Axis counter clockwise from the MNU

direction vector” option, the profile can be rotated about the A

Axis

B axes

C axesA axes

MNU = Most Nearly UP





Shear Distribution Factor for Forces Parallel to B and C axis is the Cross

Sectional Area divided by the Effective Shear Area

Shear Distribution Factor for Forces Parallel to B and C axis is the Cross

Sectional Area divided by the Effective Shear Area



Shear Distribution Factor Example 2:

For a Hollow Rectangular Tube, c in the C direction, b in the B direction, t = wall thickness, the cross sectional area is approximately 2 (b+c) t.

For Shear forces parallel to B, the Shear Factor is 2 (b+c) t / 2 t b = 1 + c / b.

For Shear forces parallel to C, the Shear Factor = 1 + b / c.


For a Hollow Rectangular Tube, c in the C direction, b in the B direction, t = wall thickness, the cross sectional area is approximately 2 (b+c) t.

For Shear forces parallel to B, the Shear Factor is 2 (b+c) t / 2 t b = 1 + c / b.

For Shear forces parallel to C, the Shear Factor = 1 + b / c.

c

b

b

c

t

B Axis

C Axis

B Axis

C Axis


For a Rectangular Solid with dimensions bxc, the Effective Shear Area is given as 5/6 bc.

The cross sectional area is bc. The Shear

Factor in the B and in the C direction will then be bc/ (5/6 bc) = 1.2


For a Rectangular Solid with dimensions bxc, the Effective Shear Area is given as 5/6 bc.

The cross sectional area is bc. The Shear

Factor in the B and in the C direction will then be bc/ (5/6 bc) = 1.2





Examples of how to use

Flexible Structural

Members to code Navy Hangers

Examples of how to use

Flexible Structural

Members to code Navy Hangers



For more details please contact:

6219 Brittmoore Road

Houston, Texas 77041-5114 U.S.A.

Voice: 713 849 3366

Fax: 713 849 3806

: [email protected]

Documents

Joints or Structural Members in in TRIFLEX ® WINDOWS Joints or Structural Members in in TRIFLEX ® WINDOWS