KIDNEYS Reduced

8/12/2019 KIDNEYS Reduced

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Anatomy & Histology of the

Urinary System: the

Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder &

Urethra

John E. B. Baker,

mikrogeo.com


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Kidneys

Ureters

RENAL

VEINS

RENAL

ARTERIES

behind Veins

Adrenal

Glands

CT

ScanInf. Vena

Cava

Aorta

Psoas

Musc.

Liver

Stomach

Spleen

Vert.

Inf Vena Cava Aorta

Ribs

Ribs

Ribs

Retroperitoneal

diaphragm

RectusM


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Pelvis

Ureter

Medulla

Cortex

Pyramids Collecting

Tubules

Renal

Capsule

Xerox of section

Calyx


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Rat Kidney: Renal Artery injected (perfused) with carmine geland cleared

Glomeruli


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RENAL VEINS

RENAL ARTERY

Pyramid of Medulla:

Collecting Tubules &

Thin loops of Henle

Cortex

Small section of Human

Kidney

Calyx


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Injected capil lary balls = GLOMERULI


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4 Glomeruli and an injection

filled one


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Distal

convoluted

tubule

Proximalconvoluted

Tubule

Bowmans

Capsule

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus in wall of Afferent arteriole

Macula Densa

Capillaries

surrounded by

Podocytes =

GlomerulusBlood


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Distal

convoluted

tubule

Macula Densa

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus in wall of Afferent arteriole

Blood

Blood

Capillaries

surrounded by

Podocytes =Glomerulus

BowmansCapsule


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Podocytes

Cap.

Cap.

Cap.

Cap.


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Juxtaglomerular Apparatus in

wall of Afferent arteriole:

Renin Angiotensinogen,

Angiotensin I, etc.

Distal

convoluted

tubule

Macula Densa: Cl-

sensitive

ProximalConv.

Tubule-note

microvilli

Bowmans

Capsule

Distal Tubule

no microvil li

Proximal Tubule

w/ microvi ll i

(brush border)

Histology & Function =

Homeostasis


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Summary of Histology


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Physiological Aspects

of Urine Formation


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Collecting

TubuleArt

Glomerulus

Proximal

Tubule

Proximal

Tubule

Proximal

Tubule

Proximal Tubule

w/ microvi ll i

(brush border)

Distal Tubule

no microvil li

Distal Tubule

no microvil li

Distal Tubule

no microvil li

Distal Tubule

no microvil li


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MEDULLARY RAY


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Calyx ofPyramid:

Collecting

Tubules, Loops

of Henle and

Blood VesselsReabsorbing

Essential Ions

and Water.


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Collecting Tubules

Blood Vessels

Thin

Segments

or LOOPS

of HENLE


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Uric Acid crystals and

Oxalate crystals form

in urine : if they form

sharply edged

concentricallylaminated growths they

are painful KIDNEY

STONES, especially

passing in small

diameter Ureter

Polarized Lt.,

XN, Gypsum

filter


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Hi X, Polarized Lt.

Uric Acid crystals and Oxalate crystals form in urine : if they form sharply

edged concentrically laminated growths they are painful KIDNEY STONES


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URETER

TransitionalEpithelium

Lumen


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Circular Smooth

Muscle of

Muscularis

Outer Longitudinal

Smooth Muscle of

MuscularisInner

Longitudinal

Smooth Muscle

of Muscularis

Mucosa:

Transitional

Ep. & CT

Lumen

URETER

Serous

layer


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Urinary Bladder (almost full)

FemurHead

Greater

trochanter

Sacrum

Rectum

Uterus

FemoralA&V

Gluteus

Femoral V&A

Sm.Intestine

Colon w/

feces & gas

CT Scan

Always read cat scans as though looking up toward head from feet


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Binucleate cells

Transitional Epithelium ofBladder: accomodates

expansion of bladder as

cells roll past each other

CT

CTBasement

Membrane

Lumen


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Urinary

Bladder

Serosa

Outer

Longitudinal

Smooth Muscle

of Muscularis

Mucosa:

Transit ional Ep. &

InnerLongitudinal

Smooth Muscle

of Muscularis

Circular

Smooth

Muscle of

Muscularis


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Trigone of

Bladder


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Urethra (Y-shaped) runs through Prostate Gland of Male


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Subcutaneous A&V

Corpus Cavernosa

Corpus Spongiosa

Urethra

Human Penis CS

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KIDNEYS Reduced