Klickitat Watershed Enhancement Project · Project actions target stream reaches and watersheds that support steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss; ESA- listed as “Threatened”) and/or

Klickitat Watershed Enhancement ProjectKlickitat Watershed Enhancement Project

Will Conley, Watershed Restoration SpecialistWill Conley, Watershed Restoration SpecialistYakama Nation Fisheries ProgramYakama Nation Fisheries Program

Klickitat & White Salmon RiversKlickitat & White Salmon RiversFisheries & Watershed Science ConferenceFisheries & Watershed Science Conference

March 10, 2009March 10, 2009

Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

Background, Goals, and PrioritiesBackground, Goals, and Priorities

2008 Project Implementation Highlights2008 Project Implementation HighlightsLower Klickitat RevegetationLower Klickitat Revegetation

White Creek / IXL Road Fish PassageWhite Creek / IXL Road Fish Passage

EF Tepee Creek / 175 Road Fish PassageEF Tepee Creek / 175 Road Fish Passage

Swale Creek (River Mile 2)Swale Creek (River Mile 2)

Other KWEP FunctionsOther KWEP Functions

SummarySummary

The Klickitat Watershed Enhancement Project (KWEP) enhances and restores watershed health in the Klickitat River subbasin.

Project actions target stream reaches and watersheds that support steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss; ESA- listed as “Threatened”) and/or spring Chinook (O. tshawytscha).

KWEP is: • The principal project addressing salmonid habitat conservation and

restoration in the Klickitat subbasin • Implemented by the Yakama Nation Fisheries Program (YNFP) • Funded by Bonneville Power Administration and matching grants• Addresses Yakima-Klickitat Fisheries Project (YKFP) goals• Addresses Columbia Basin Fish & Wildlife Program habitat goals

KWEP - Background

KWEP KWEP -- GoalsGoalsThe overall goals of the Klickitat Watershed Enhancement Project (KWEP) are to restore watershed health and aid recovery of native salmonid stocks in the 1350 square-mile Klickitat River subbasin.

ThreeThree--pronged approach:pronged approach:

•• AssessAssess watershed and habitat conditions to watershed and habitat conditions to prioritizeprioritize sites sites for restoration activities. for restoration activities. •• ProtectProtect, , restorerestore, , and and enhanceenhance priority watersheds and priority watersheds and reachesreaches•• MonitorMonitor to assess watershed conditions and effectiveness of to assess watershed conditions and effectiveness of restoration activities. restoration activities.

KWEP KWEP –– Geographic PrioritiesGeographic Priorities

Map Produced by:

January 2004

Project Sites Project Sites

Lower Klickitat River Revegetation ProjectLower Klickitat River Revegetation Project

Project Sponsor/Coordinator: Mid-Columbia FEG (MCFEG)

Design & Construction Oversight: KWEP

Construction Funding: SRFB, NFWF, MCFEG

Plant Materials: KWEP and MCFEG

Goal is to increase bank cover, woody debris Goal is to increase bank cover, woody debris recruitment, and potential for trapping fine sediment. recruitment, and potential for trapping fine sediment. Plant materials Plant materials –– combination of dormant hardwood combination of dormant hardwood cuttings and containerized (grown at KFO nursery)cuttings and containerized (grown at KFO nursery)Installed using hydraulic stingerInstalled using hydraulic stinger

Lower Klickitat River Revegetation ProjectLower Klickitat River Revegetation Project

Site 17.24Site 17.24

Plant Species Type # Planted

Ponderosa Pine Tall-one 206Scouler's Willow Cuttings 395Scouler's Willow Tall-one 151Black Cottonwood Cuttings 90Black Cottonwood Tall-one 9Red Alder Tall-one 0Greyers Willow Tall-one 0Coyote Willow Cuttings 75Coyote Willow Tall-one 15Dogwood Tall-one 16

Total Planted 957

0.79 acres



Ponderosa Pine Tall-one 0Scouler's Willow Cuttings 95Scouler's Willow Tall-one 46Black Cottonwood Cuttings 36Black Cottonwood Tall-one 24Red Alder Tall-one 0Greyers Willow Tall-one 14Coyote Willow Cuttings 113Coyote Willow Tall-one 56

Total Planted 384

0.32 acres



Ponderosa Pine Tall-one 347Scouler's Willow Cuttings 381Scouler's Willow Tall-one 200Black Cottonwood Cuttings 170Black Cottonwood Tall-one 183Red Alder Tall-one 141Greyers Willow Tall-one 99Coyote Willow Cuttings 28Coyote Willow Tall-one 200Oak Tall-one 25

Total Planted 1774

1.05 acres

Topographically complex



Ponderosa Pine Tall-one 305Scouler's Willow Cuttings 123Scouler's Willow Tall-one 90Black Cottonwood Cuttings 507Black Cottonwood Tall-one 235Red Alder Tall-one 167Greyers Willow Tall-one 84Coyote Willow Cuttings 700Coyote Willow Tall-one 110

Total Planted 2321

1.85 acres

Topographically complex

Ponderosa Pine SurvivalPonderosa Pine Survival(worst case scenario* (worst case scenario* -- as of 3/9/09)as of 3/9/09)

Total Planted March and/or April 2008# Alive & Unbrowsed 139 67% 311 90% 200 66%# Alive & Browsed 2 1% 24 7% 61 20%# Dead & Unbrowsed 11 5% 1 0% 7 2%# Dead & Browsed 0 0% 0 0% 6 2%

305

RM 22.68

206

RM 17.24 RM 22.06

347

* initial planted count is from April, prior to May 2008 cattle depredation. Pines were subsequently replanted (by hand, in same holes) in late-May, but may not have equaled initial count

Ponderosa Pine SurvivalPonderosa Pine Survival(best case scenario* (best case scenario* –– as of 3/9/09)as of 3/9/09)

# Alive & Unbrowsed 139 91% 311 93% 200 73%# Alive & Browsed 2 1% 24 7% 61 22%# Dead & Unbrowsed 11 7% 1 0% 7 3%# Dead & Browsed 0 0% 0 0% 6 2%

RM 17.24 RM 22.06 RM 22.68

* Survival as a percent of plants that were located 3/9/09

Hardwood survival will be assessed following leaf-out in April 2009

Tepee Creek / White Creek Fish Passage Tepee Creek / White Creek Fish Passage Enhancement ProjectEnhancement Project

Project Sponsor/Coordinator: Yakama Nation Fisheries (KWEP)


Construction Funding: SRFB

Structure Purchase: KWEP

Rock Materials: Yakama Nation (in-kind)

Plant Materials: KWEP

Tepee Creek Fish Passage Enhancement Project:Tepee Creek Fish Passage Enhancement Project:White Creek / IXL Road

4/25/07

11/20/08

After:•• 4040’’ x 16x 16’’ bridgebridge (with relief)• Native bed material on natural

(2.2%) slope• Access restored to 2.77 miles

of habitat

Before:• two 7.8’ x 51’ pipe arches• barrier: water depth & velocity• restricted debris & bedload

passage

Tepee Creek Fish Passage Enhancement Project:Tepee Creek Fish Passage Enhancement Project:E.F. E.F. Tepee Creek / 175 Road

4/25/07

11/20/08

After:•• 1717’’--11”” x 5x 5’’--66”” x 47.5x 47.5’’ box culvertbox culvert• Roughened Channel with native bed

material at 2.0% slope• 150’ of instream construction• Access to 1+ mi. of habitat

Before:• Two 6’ x 66’ CMPs• barrier: water depth & velocity• restricted debris & bedload

passage

Swale Creek RM2 Enhancement ProjectSwale Creek RM2 Enhancement Project

Project Sponsor/Coordinator: Mid-Columbia FEG (MCFEG)


Construction Funding: NFWF, Community Salmon Fund, MCFEG

Log Donations: - Hancock Forest Management - USFS- Klickitat County - Private Developer- Yakama Agency - BIA

Cable and Clamps: KWEP

Plant Materials: KWEP and MCFEG

Planting labor assistance: landowner

• Railroad construction (1902) and subsequent operations have had a dramatic effect on channel conditions

• Lower Swale Creek has a pool frequency of 7 pools per mile (4.2% of the habitat by channel length).

• The bed has self-armored and has a simple, plane-bed morphology

• Riparian vegetation has become cyclical (dis-climax)• Goal: re-introduce hydraulic and habitat complexity.

Treatment: pool enhancement at 5 sites along 600’ of stream• excavation of pools• LWD jam construction to promote pool persistence and

enhance primary habitat for salmonids

Swale Creek RM2 Enhancement ProjectSwale Creek RM2 Enhancement Project

FrequencyFrequency Flow (cfs)Flow (cfs)Qbase 0.02 to 0.37(2006) (2008)

QQ22 803*803*

QQ1010 2310*2310*QQ2525 3430*3430*QQ5050 4430*4430*QQ100100 5610*5610*

Swale Creek RM2 Swale Creek RM2 –– Design ConsiderationsDesign Considerations• hydrology – eastside low flow with westside peaks

(Q2 : Qbase ~ 2,150 : 1 to 40,000 : 1)

• course substrate – limiting riparian recruitment

• minimize perturbance of knickpoint in proximity of E5

• minimal use of cable/anchoring above grade (aesthetics / landowner)

* Indirect estimate based on USGS regressions

Drainage Area (mi2) 119

Site Elevation (ft) 640

Mean basin elev. (ft) 18601860

Relief (ft) 25602560

M.A.P. (in) 18.018.0

Avg. Stream Slope 0.014

constructed

Swale Creek RM2 Swale Creek RM2 –– Element 1Element 1

Peak water surface 1/6/09Peak water surface 1/6/09



Flow

Snow-line indicates HWM from 1/6/09

Flow

Photo 1/7/09

Post-flood 2/18/09



Under construction 8/25/08Under construction 8/25/08 PostPost--flood 2/18/09flood 2/18/09


Snow-line indicates HWM from 1/6/09

Photo 1/7/09


High water 1/7/09High water 1/7/09


Flow

AsAs--built Sept. 2008built Sept. 2008

Flow FlowPostPost--flood 2/18/09flood 2/18/09

Swale Creek RM2 Swale Creek RM2 –– Element 6Element 6AsAs--built September 2008built September 2008

High water 1/7/09High water 1/7/09

Flow

Flow

Swale Creek RM2 Swale Creek RM2 –– Residual Pool DepthsResidual Pool Depths

Element Pre-con As-Built March '09*

13 0.4 2.6 2.34 1.3 3.8 2.65 0.5 3.9 3.36 0.6 4.5 3.5

Residual Pool Depth

no data

* Preliminary value, pools not presently wadeable

• Pools over-excavated

• Expected to stabilize at RPD 2.0’ to 3.0’

Monitoring and Data ManagementMonitoring and Data Management

KWEP works interactively with YKFP projects:KWEP works interactively with YKFP projects:Data, Management, and Habitat Project (BPA # 198812035)Data, Management, and Habitat Project (BPA # 198812035)Monitoring and Evaluation Project (BPA #199506335)Monitoring and Evaluation Project (BPA #199506335)

Data collection & relational database development:Data collection & relational database development:Habitat data Habitat data –– 78 sites on 39 streams78 sites on 39 streamsWater Temperature Water Temperature –– 37 sites on 23 streams37 sites on 23 streamsSediment Sediment –– 12 sites on 5 streams12 sites on 5 streams

GIS data acquisition and creationGIS data acquisition and creation

KWEP staff have provided technical support to:KWEP staff have provided technical support to:Private landowners Private landowners

Private nonPrivate non--profitsprofits

Tribal ProgramsTribal Programs

Conservation DistrictsConservation Districts

Subbasin Planning (Northwest Power Council)Subbasin Planning (Northwest Power Council)

Recovery Planning (NOAA Fisheries)Recovery Planning (NOAA Fisheries)

Strategic Planning (WA Salmon Recovery Funding Board)Strategic Planning (WA Salmon Recovery Funding Board)

Watershed Planning (WA Department of Ecology)Watershed Planning (WA Department of Ecology)

Technical SupportTechnical Support

Outreach, Education, and Information Outreach, Education, and Information DisseminationDissemination

Professional meetingsProfessional meetingsRiver Restoration NorthwestRiver Restoration NorthwestAmerican Water Resources Assoc.American Water Resources Assoc.American Fisheries SocietyAmerican Fisheries Society

Local schoolsLocal schoolsDallesportDallesportKlickitat Klickitat Goldendale Goldendale

Stakeholder educationStakeholder educationWhite Salmon River FestivalWhite Salmon River Festival

LyleLyleMosierMosier

Since 2000, KWEP has sponsored or played a major role in 17 compSince 2000, KWEP has sponsored or played a major role in 17 completed leted projects encompassing over 60 sites. Project highlights includeprojects encompassing over 60 sites. Project highlights include::

Restoration of fish, sediment, and debris Restoration of fish, sediment, and debris passagepassage at 10 sites restoring fish at 10 sites restoring fish access to over access to over 18.1 miles18.1 miles of habitatof habitat

Enhancement of >12,600Enhancement of >12,600’’ of streamof stream & floodplain including 62 LWD jams & floodplain including 62 LWD jams RevegetationRevegetation of >13,000of >13,000’’ of stream with over 25,400 plantingsof stream with over 25,400 plantingsDrainage improvementsDrainage improvements on 10.5 miles of forest roadon 10.5 miles of forest roadLivestock fencingLivestock fencing: over 10000: over 10000’’ of streamof streamWetlandsWetlands: Creation of more than 3500 square: Creation of more than 3500 square--feet of wetlandfeet of wetlandSide ChannelsSide Channels: Restoration of high: Restoration of high--flow access to over 800 lineal feetflow access to over 800 lineal feetRoad treatmentsRoad treatments: drainage improvements on 10.5 miles of forest roads: drainage improvements on 10.5 miles of forest roadsMorphologic and Habitat AssessmentMorphologic and Habitat Assessment: over 74 miles of stream : over 74 miles of stream Road AssessmentRoad Assessment: over 145 miles of road and railroad : over 145 miles of road and railroad

KWEP AccomplishmentsKWEP Accomplishments

AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

David LindleyDavid Lindley Ralph KionaRalph KionaDeanna LamebullDeanna Lamebull Jamie Jamie BrisboisBrisbois

Margaret NeumanMargaret Neuman

FundingFunding::

Bonneville Power AdministrationBonneville Power Administration

WA Salmon Recovery Funding BoardWA Salmon Recovery Funding Board

Columbia River InterColumbia River Inter--Tribal Fish CommissionTribal Fish Commission

MidMid--Columbia Regional Fisheries Enhancement GroupColumbia Regional Fisheries Enhancement Group

Bureau of Indian Affairs Bureau of Indian Affairs –– Watershed ProgramWatershed Program

Yakama NationYakama Nation

http://www.ykfp.org/klickitat/KWEP_sites.htmhttp://www.ykfp.org/klickitat/KWEP_sites.htm(currently under development)(currently under development)

For More InformationFor More Information

http://www.ykfp.org/klickitat/KWEP_sites.htm

Presentation OutlineSite 17.24Site 17.53Site 22.06Site 22.68Ponderosa Pine Survival�(worst case scenario* - as of 3/9/09)Ponderosa Pine Survival�(best case scenario* – as of 3/9/09)Tepee Creek / White Creek Fish Passage Enhancement ProjectTepee Creek Fish Passage Enhancement Project:�White Creek / IXL RoadTepee Creek Fish Passage Enhancement Project:�E.F. Tepee Creek / 175 RoadSwale Creek RM2 – Residual Pool DepthsMonitoring and Data ManagementTechnical SupportOutreach, Education, and Information DisseminationKWEP AccomplishmentsAcknowledgementsFor More Information

Documents

Klickitat Watershed Enhancement Project · Project actions target stream reaches and watersheds that support steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss; ESA- listed as “Threatened”) and/or