Managing Challenging Behaviors in
Professional Background
Overview of Today#1 Traditional ABA Understanding of Meltdowns#2 The Missing piece = Anxiety?
TRADITIONAL ABA VIEW OF CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
*Must determine what is motivating/rewarding the behavior:
-Intrinsically Motivating-Desire/Gain-Escape/Avoidance-Attention-CommunicationTYPES OF CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
*Intrinsically MotivatingTYPES OF CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
* Desire / GainTYPES OF CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
*Escape/AvoidanceTYPES OF CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
*AttentionTYPES OF CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
*CommunicationTYPES OF CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR EXAMPLES*Screaming during circle time
*Hitting another child
*Running away from playground
MISSING INFORMATION???????Antecedent Behavior Concequence
ABC
ABC EXAMPLES
ABCSit down for circle timeScreamTaken out of classHe is told it is another childs turn with a toy and made to hand it overHitsChild hands over toyDuring recess outside he is wandering around boredRuns AwayClassmates yell and chase
MOTIVATORS
ABCMotivatorSit down for circle timeScreamTaken out of classAvoidanceHe is told it is another childs turn with a toy and made to hand it overHitsChild hands over toyGainDuring recess outside he is wandering around boredRuns AwayClassmates yell and chaseAttention
-Intrinsically Motivating=BLOCK & Teach More Appropriate Alternatives
-Gain = DENY & Teach More Appropriate method of request & gain
-Escape/Avoidance = PREVENT & Teach Alternatives & Tolerance
-Attention = IGNORE & Teach Alternatives
-Communication = Teach Alternative methods of communicatingSOLVING CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
-Intrinsically Motivating=BLOCK & Teach More Appropriate Alternatives
Why this method will workExamples of when to useHow to implement
SOLVING CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
-Gain = DENY & Teach More Appropriate method of request & gain
Why this method will workExamples of when to useHow to implement
SOLVING CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
-Escape/Avoidance = PREVENT & Teach Alternatives & Tolerance
Why this method will workExamples of when to useHow to implement
SOLVING CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
-Attention = IGNORE & Teach Alternatives
Why this method will workExamples of when to useHow to implement
SOLVING CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
-Communication = Teach Alternative methods of communicating
Why this method will workExamples of when to useHow to implementSOLVING CHALLENGING BEHAVIOR
Review of previous ABC data examples
ABCMotivatorSit down for circle timeScreamTaken out of classAvoidanceHe is told it is another childs turn with a toy and made to hand it overHitsChild hands over toyGainDuring recess outside he is wandering around boredRuns AwayClassmates yell and chaseAttention
SOLUTIONS Based on Data
ABCMotivatorSolutionSit down for circle timeScreamTaken out of classAvoidancePrevent escape after screamHe is told it is another childs turn with a toy and made to hand it overHitsChild hands over toyGainRemove toy again & design program to teach alternate behaviorDuring recess outside he is wandering around boredRuns AwayClassmates yell and chaseAttentionIgnore & Teach child way to ask others to play tag OR to join in on play
Anxiety = The Missing Piece of the Meltdown Puzzle?
ANXIETY Overview* Definition of Anxiety*Symptoms of Anxiety*Assessing Anxiety*Causes of Anxiety*Supporting Children with Anxiety*Managing Challenging Behaviours*Reinforcement*Social Stories
Defining Anxiety *A psychological and physiological state characterized by somatic, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral components
*Anxiety is considered to be a normal reaction to a stressor. It may help an individual to deal with a demanding situation by prompting them to cope with it. However, when anxiety becomes overwhelming, it may fall under the classification of an anxiety disorder.
Anxiety - Biology
When is Anxiety Good?
When is Anxiety Good?
When is Anxiety Good?
Types of AnxietyThere are several recognized types of anxiety disorders, including:
Panic disorderObsessive Compulsive DisorderPost Traumatic Stress DisorderSocial Anxiety DisorderSpecific PhobiasGeneralized Anxiety Disorder
Types of AnxietyThere are several recognized types of anxiety disorders, including:
Panic disorder : People with this condition have feelings of terror that strike suddenly and repeatedly with no warning. Other symptoms of a panic attack include sweating, chest pain, palpitations (irregular heartbeats), and a feeling of choking, which may make the person feel like he or she is having a heart attack or "going crazy."
Types of Anxiety
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) : People with OCD are plagued by constant thoughts or fears that cause them to perform certain rituals or routines. The disturbing thoughts are called obsessions, and the rituals are called compulsions. An example is a person with an unreasonable fear of germs who constantly washes his or her hands.
Types of Anxiety
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) : PTSD is a condition that can develop following a traumatic and/or terrifying event, such as a sexual or physical assault, the unexpected death of a loved one, or a natural disaster. People with PTSD often have lasting and frightening thoughts and memories of the event and tend to be emotionally numb.
Types of Anxiety
Social anxiety disorder : Also called social phobia, social anxiety disorder involves overwhelming worry and self-consciousness about everyday social situations. The worry often centers on a fear of being judged by others, or behaving in a way that might cause embarrassment or lead to ridicule.
Types of Anxiety
Specific phobias : A specific phobia is an intense fear of a specific object or situation, such as snakes, heights, or flying. The level of fear is usually inappropriate to the situation and may cause the person to avoid common, everyday situations.
Generalized anxiety disorder : This disorder involves excessive, unrealistic worry and tension, even if there is little or nothing to provoke the anxiety.
Anxiety - Biology
Symptoms of Anxiety - 1
Feelings of panic, fear, and uneasiness Uncontrollable, obsessive thoughts Repeated thoughts or flashbacks of traumatic experiences Nightmares Ritualistic behaviors, such as repeated hand washing Problems sleeping Cold or sweaty hands and/or feet
Symptoms of Anxiety - 2
Shortness of breath Palpitations An inability to be still and calm Dry mouth Numbness or tingling in the hands or feet Nausea Muscle tension Dizziness
Anxiety at Different Ages Young Children often experienceanxiety more in the form of physicalSymptoms.
Stomach Aches are VERY common!
Diagnosing Anxiety-Clinical PsychologistGuardian InterviewChild InterviewTeacher InterviewStandardized questionnaires (MASC example)
-Developmental PediatricianGuardian InterviewChild InterviewSometimes standardized questionnaires
MASC-Clinical PsychologistGuardian InterviewChild InterviewTeacher InterviewStandardized questionnaires (MASC example)
-Developmental PediatricianGuardian InterviewChild InterviewSometimes standardized questionnaires
Causes - Research ApproachesResearch into the root causes has included:Electroencephalographic studies (EEG) Autopsy of brain tissue studies Neurochemical studies Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Genetic studiesEnvironmental Studies
Supporting Children with Anxiety-Relaxation Tools for Home and School
- Anxiety and Coping Tools for Home
-Professional Intervention Services
Supporting Children with Anxiety-Relaxation Tools for Home and School
Diaphragmatic Breathing Progressive Muscle RelaxationVisualizationMindfulness Meditation
Supporting Children with Anxiety-Relaxation Tools for Home and School
Diaphragmatic Breathing
Smell the strawberry and blow the candleTerry Orlick CDsTaming Your Dragons by Belknap
Supporting Children with Anxiety-Relaxation Tools for Home and School
Progressive Muscle RelaxationSocial StoriesOrlick CDsTaming Your Dragons
Supporting Children with Anxiety-Relaxation Tools for Home and School
VisualizationOrlick CDTaming Your Dragons
Supporting Children with Anxiety- Anxiety and Coping Tools for Home
The Relaxation and Stress Reduction Workbook For Kids Shapiro
I Bet I Won't Fret Sisemore
Anxiety Workbook for Teens - Schab
Supporting Children with Anxiety
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1:1 with a PsychologistGroup Therapy
CBT Self Monitoring
CBT Self Calming B
CBT Self Calming C
Cognitive Exercises-Mindfulness (Eating, Pet, Walking in Yard)
-Talk Back To Worries#1 Ask Is this OK or SILLY to worry about#2 Decide What am I going to think of instead
-Thought DistractionMusical String Drawing
5 Steps to Thought Stopping#1 Notice Anxious Thought
#2 Tell self to STOP
#3 Exchange Anxious Thought for Peaceful one
#4 Repeat peaceful thought
#5 Keep mind focused on peaceful thought
Supporting
