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Allopathic Medicine System of medicine that
treats disease with the use of remedies which produce effects different from those produced by the disease under treatment.
Focuses on disease 400 B.C.E. Figure 1. Drugs
http://product-image.tradeindia.com
Saul Nunez
History The term “allopathy” was
invented by German physician Samuel Hahnemann
Allos “opposite” and pathos “suffering”
19th century
Figure 2. Samuel Hahnemann www.general-anaesthesia.com/images/samuel-hahnemann
Saul Nunez
How It’s Used M.D.’s and surgens practice
it Drugs Surgery Today’s conventional
method
Saul Nunez
Figure 3. Surgery http://wichita.kumc.edu/surgery/images/index_surgery.jpg
Holistic Medicine Holistic medicine is a form of health care that focuses on the
harmony of the physical, mental emotional, social and spiritual aspects of health.
Form of lifestyle to prevent disease Healing force within the body
Saul Nunez
Holistic Medicine Originated in India and
China 5,000 years ago 1926- Holism introduced Holistic medicine became
more recognized in the1970s and is one of the accepted methods of alternative medicine.
Figure 4. Holistic medicine http://www.espavo.biz/holistic_medicine.jpg
Saul Nunez
How It’s Practiced Acupuncture Meditation Yoga Fasting and cleansing Magnetic therapy Herbal therapy Music therapy Chiropractic
Figure 5. Yoga http://www.laragreene.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/yoga.jpg
Saul Nunez
Click icon to add picture
“Against the State, against the Church, against the silence of the medical profession, against the whole machinery of dead institutions of the past, the woman of today arises.”
-Margaret Sanger- Birth control pioneer
Key Contributions Made by Women Women across the globe
have made significant contributions in various fields of medicine.
Others have worked to emphasize the roles of culture and spirituality in healing.
Dr. Marilyn Gaston Dr. Gaston was the first
African American woman to direct a Public Health Service Bureau.
Her 1986 study of sickle-cell disease led a nationwide screening process to test newborns for immediate treatment.
Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell Known for being the first
woman to graduate from a medical school (M.D.) and a pioneer in educating women in the fields of medicine.
Founded the New York Infirmary for Women and Children.
Dr. Rebecca J. Cole Became the 2nd African
American woman to earn an M.D. degree in the United States in 1867.
She worked at Blackwell’s NY Infirmary for Women and Children, where she was responsible for advising mothers living in poverty on how to best care for their families.
Dr. Patricia Bath Ophthalogimist from New
York patent a method for removing cataract lenses that transformed eye surgery by using a laser device for more accuracy.
Her passion for the treatment and prevention of blindess led her to develop the Cataract Laserphaco Probe.
Overcoming Obstacles Women's participation in the medical professions was limited
by law and practice during the decades while medicine was professionalizing.
However, women kept practicing medicine in the allied health fields (nursing, midwifery, etc.), and throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, women made significant gains in access to medical education and medical work through much of the world.
Hierarchies of Preference: Modern
Medicine, the Pharmacological Industry and technology
Diego Cardenas
A look into the past…
Women were the first healers
Any remedy, treatment, surgical procedure, or instrument invented before male takeover can be attributed to a woman or women.
Ancient goddesses of healing
Moche pots portray curer as woman
Mesopotamian clay tablet records herbal and other natural remedies
Scandinavian women’s graves contain surgical instruments
Takeover through Mythology
Old Husbands’ tales replace previous stories
Female deities are devalued
Principle role of procreation taken away from female deities
Takeover through Literature
Little has been written about women’s role in medicine before the middle ages
Records were usually written or compiled by men
Galen- Greatest medical writer after Hippocrates had a preference for medicine over surgery
Bronze Age Middle Ages
Male physicians became more prevalent
Shift from herbal remedies to magic spells and incantations
Medicine as a profession is forbidden to women
Spread of Christianity
Witch burning holocaust
Full Male Takeover
Passing over of medical knowledge
Women in Medicine Today The American Medical Women's Association (AMWA) is
an organization of women physicians, medical students and other persons dedicated to serving as the voice for women's health and the advancement of women in medicine.
The organization was founded by Dr. Bertha VanHoosen in 1915 in Chicago
As women in medicine increase in numbers, new problems and issues arise that were not anticipated.
Woman Man
Where does this job fall?
Nurse Pediatrician Gynecologist Obstetrician Mid-wife
Surgeon Doctor Specialist Cardiologist
Why do we automatically think one job is for a man and another is for a woman?
Some things to think about… Why do we want our mom to take care of us when we’re sick
but think about most doctor’s as being men? Most primary caregivers are women. While medicine was being professionalized women kept
practicing medicine in the allied health fields (nursing, midwifery, etc.)
Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, women made significant gains in access to medical education and medical work through much of the world.
Takeover Theory Review:
The decline in the power of women due to:
The introduction of Christianity
Discovery in male role in procreation
The domestication of animals
Events that caused Takeover “Witches” were burned for practicing medicine Midwifery and knowledge of birthing was passed on to males Medicine became a profession (male dominated) Laws were passed to now allow women into the entry of
medical schools
Class Theory: Marxism Labor= proletariat anyone who earns their
livelihood by selling their labor power
They have little choice but to work for capital, since they typically have no independent way to survive.
Capital = the bourgeoisie anyone who gets their
income not from labor The income of the
capitalists, therefore, is based on their exploitation of the proletariat
Quiz 1. What are three different ways holistic medicine is
practiced? 2. Name two of the female inventors mentioned and how
they contributed to medicine. 3. Name two events that caused Takeover in the medical
field. 4. At what point in time did male physicians become more
prevalent? Why?
Bibliography http://naturalhealthperspective.com/tutorials/allopathy.html http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html http://medicineworld.org/alternative/holistichealth.html http://www.voltairine.org/womenresisters.html http://www.gallowglass.org/jadwiga/herbs/WomenMed.html http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/changingthefaceofmedicine/index.
html