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Month Day Lecture
Oct 13 Fungi
16 The coral reef
18 Animals—worms
20 Animals—bugs to primates
23 Human evolution
25 Biodiversity revisited
27 Exam review
30 Exam
Animals...
• Monophyletic
• Multicellular Eukaryotes
• High cellular differentiation
• Chemoheterotrophs
Animals...
• Monophyletic
• Multicellular Eukaryotes
• High cellular differentiation
• Chemoheterotrophs
• Feed by ingestion and digestion
Animals...
• Monophyletic
• Multicellular Eukaryotes
• High cellular differentiation
• Chemoheterotrophs
• Feed by ingestion and digestion
• Exhibit complex behavior
Chordates
Echinoderms
Arthropods
Annelids
Mollusks
Rotifers
Roundworms
Flatworms
Cnidarians
SpongesMulticelled Ancestry
Radial Ancestry
Bilateral Ancestry
Coelomate Ancestry
Single-celled, protistanlike ancestors
These animals are...
Radial and biradially symmetrical
Most other animals are bilaterally symmetrical
Chordates
Echinoderms
Arthropods
Annelids
Mollusks
Rotifers
Roundworms
Flatworms
Cnidarians
SpongesMulticelled Ancestry
Radial Ancestry
Bilateral Ancestry
Coelomate Ancestry
Single-celled, protistanlike ancestors
These animals are...
Acoelomate: no enclosure around the gut
Most other animals are coelomate: enclosure around gut
epidermis gut cavity
no body cavity; region between gut and body wall packed with organs
Acoelomate organism(flatworm)
epidermis gut cavity
peritoneumlined body cavity (coelom); lining also holds internal organs in place
Coelomate organism(human)
Chordates
Echinoderms
Arthropods
Annelids
Mollusks
Rotifers
Roundworms
Flatworms
Cnidarians
SpongesMulticelled Ancestry
Radial Ancestry
Bilateral Ancestry
Coelomate Ancestry
Single-celled, protistanlike ancestors
Chordates
Echinoderms
Arthropods
Annelids
Mollusks
Rotifers
Roundworms
Flatworms
Cnidarians
SpongesMulticelled Ancestry
Radial Ancestry
Bilateral Ancestry
Coelomate Ancestry
Single-celled, protistanlike ancestors
And relatives
The “Ecdysozoans”
The “Ecdysozoans”—moulting animals
• Exoskeleton– flexible but tough laminate– Protects from damage, water loss
• Segmented joints for movement
The “Ecdysozoans”—molting animals
• Exoskeleton– flexible but tough laminate– Protects from damage, water loss
• Segmented joints for movement
• Molting allows growth
adultyoungegg
Growth andmolting
adultnymphsegg
Incompletemetamorphosis
adultlarvaeegg
Completemetamorphosis
Arthropod: “Jointed foot”
• Dominant species on earth– 1.5 million species– 1018 individuals
• Spiders and their relatives– Aquatic and terrestrial
Arthropod: “Jointed foot”
• Dominant species on earth– 1.5 million species– 1018 individuals
• Spiders and their relatives– Aquatic and terrestrial
• Crustaceans– Aquatic
Arthropod: “Jointed foot”
• Dominant species on earth– 1.5 million species– 1018 individuals
• Spiders and their relatives– Aquatic and terrestrial
• Crustaceans– Aquatic
• Uniramia: the insects– Terrestrial
Vertebrates
Crustaceans
Insects
Mollusks
Roundworms
Plants
Fungi
Protozoans
0 400 800 1,200 1,600
Number of species (x 1,000)
over 4 million
Red = Known speciesGold = Estimated number of species not yet discovered
Current species diversity