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Motorways of the Sea. European Motorways of the Sea. European Short Sea Shipping Developments Short Sea Shipping Developments
Xavier Gesé Aperte
Deputy Director ofPresidency.
Puertos del Estado. Spain
IAPH Mid-Term Conference
Jerusalem 2012
CONTENTS
vMotorways of the Sea Policies
vMoS Policies in Member States
vMoS Case Studies in Spain
vConclusions
4
MoS Policy in theMaritimePolicyof EU
v European Union is a leading maritime group in the World
v Green Paper on Maritime Policy (2006). Reflection and consultancy to stakeholders.
v Integrated Maritime Policy for the European Union (2007).
5
MoS Policy within the the European Transport Policy
v The free movement of people and goods is a superior objective of the European Union.
v The single market will only be possible with an efficientefficientand sustainablesustainable transport system
§Optimal use of different transport modes for any leg of the transport chain.
§Effective for people and industry
§Energy efficient
§Minimum harmful effects•Congestion • CO2 emissions• Space, air and noise pollution
6
Short Sea Shipping in the EU and Motorways of the Sea concept
v What Short Sea Shipping is?
“...the movement of cargo and passengers by sea between ports situated in geographical Europe or between those ports situated in non-European countries having a coastline in the enclosed seas bordering Europe” (European Commission, 1999).
v Several studies and Communications have concluded SSS promotion will have environmental benefits
Can SSS offer the service package road transport is currently offering to freight transport ?
7
Short Sea Shipping in the EU and Motorways of the Sea concept
v Studies conducted on SSS highlights some of the weaknesses that should be overcome.
§Slower and less reliable
§Only for long transport distances
§Administrative and operational barriers
§Port infrastructure and port facilities limitations
§Low frequencies do not fit users needs
§High port dues and port services charges
§Shortage of qualified professionals
8
Short Sea Shipping in the EU and Motorways of the Sea concept
v The comparative performance of sea and land transport modes demands a homogeneous framework for action
§Inclusions of external costs
§Public Investment values
§Administrative requirements
§Risk borne by Companies
§Availability of skilled labour
Can we provide a single generic solution for all Europe or for different regions?
9
Short Sea Shipping in the EU and Motorways of the Sea concept
v Although we can agree there is not a single solution we can identify some common essential attributes that should be attained.
§Frequency
§Reliability
§Service quality
§Competitive price
§Flexibility
§Easy purchase process
EU27 Performance by Mode for Freight Transport1995 - 2008
billio n to nne-kilo metres
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Road Sea Rail Inland Waterw ay Pipeline Air
Motorwaysofthe Sea Policies
EUROPEAN UNIONTransport Core Network
Short Sea Shipping in the EU and Motorways of the Sea concept
White Paper. Roadmapto a single European TransportArea.Towards a competitiveefficientransportsystemMarch 2011
TheCoreNerworkEfficientmulti-modal links betweenmaincities, ports, airports, keyfreight centres
Motorwaysofthe Sea will be themaritimedimensionoftheCore Network
13
v MoS could be considered as a floating/mobile infrastructure and equipment in the Sea leg of a transport chain.
• Not just infrastructure
• It is also a service based in an infrastructure
Short Sea Shipping in the EU and Motorways of the Sea concept
The Ecobonus scheme
State aid for lorry drivers, transport Companies and trucking Associations
Limits of the aid 20% of seaway price (existing routes) 30% ( new routes )
Minimum number of 80 trips per yearCompromise to maintain similar volume over three years
vMoS Policy in Italy
MoS Policies in MemberStates
MoS projects in theBalticand North Sea
MoS Policies in MemberStates
Scotland-rest of UK freight, by road, 2007
Total By-Road Volume
39.4 mtonnes
Total road trafficapprox 3 million
trailers/yr
MoS Policies in MemberStates
vMoS Policy in the United Kingdom
Coastal UK ferry Services
•Subsidy / incentive •Road tolls•Port infrastructure
vMoS Policy in the United Kingdom
Aberdeen - Thames393 nm (728 km)
Humber - Thames187 nm (347 km)
Tees - Thames257 nm (476 km)
Rosyth - Thames385 nm (713 km)
Rosyth - Tees141 nm (261 km)
Clyde - Mersey180 nm (334 km)
Rosyth - Thames385 nm (713 km)
Inverness
DundeePerth
EdinburghGlasgow
Oxford
Newport
GreatYarmouth
Cambridge
Plymouth
Cardiff
Swansea
Birmingham
Felixstowe
SouthamptonDover
London
Peterborough
Manchester
Nottingham
Middlesbrough
Newcastle
Leeds
Exmouth
St. Ives
Aberdeen
Tees
Hull
Immingham
PortGlasgowGreenock
Ardrossan
Liverpool
Birkenhead
Hunterston
Shellhaven
Sheerness
Tilbury
Rosyth
2000 10050 150
Distance in Kilometres
NORTH
Equivalent Road Routes
MoS Policies in MemberStates
MoS Case Studies in Spain
vSelected for the case study at first stage • Grimaldi (Spain – Italy MoS)
•Transfennica (Spain – Belgium MoS)
•Brittany Ferries (Spain – United Kingdom MoS)
MoS Case Studies in Spain
MoS Case Studies in Spain
MoS service information
Pont AvenBrittany Ferries
MoS Case Studies in Spain
Bore Sea Transfennica
MoS Case Studies in Spain
MoS Case Studies in Spain
Ports / Integration
MoS Case Studies in Spain
Ports / Integration
MoS Case Studies in Spain
vServiceeconomics
Estimated income from transport servicesSummary of costs per voyage
9 SEPTIEMBRE 2010
MoS Case Studies in Spain
CONCLUSIONS (1)
vMoS has to be considered with a wider vision. Not as a exclusive service for freight.
vRo-Ro vessels carrying unaccompanied semi-trailers have proved to be very efficient. It will need support for simplifying the operation.
vRo-Pax vessels have higher operating costs increasing substantially overall costs, however complementary income can be obtained from on board sales
vFunding will be probably necessary while the current status of investment and regulation in transport remains
CONCLUSIONS (2)
v MoS is still at a early stage of development. Some standardisation for effective use of funding and incentives, and consideration of external costs will be needed.
vMoS can also be considered a mobile ship infrastructure/equipment linking two or more ports , combined with the port interchange and intermodal connection offers quality features to users comparable to alternative land motorways.
