Chapter 13 Renewable Energy Resources Name ____________________________

Case Study: The Potential for Wind Power in the United States p416Wind energy—______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________Wind power is ______________________________________________.Could meet electricity needs of the lower 48 states

___________________________________________________ are top producersWhat do you know about renewable energy options available in your community? _________________________________________________________________________

Wind Power fig 13-1 p416 Wind turbines convert the ____________________________________________ in wind to ________________________. Wind power is an ____________________________form of _______________________ energy.• Wind is a renewable nonrenewable energy resource because . . . • Wind can be changed into electrical energy by . . .

• I think wind power could benefit our community in that . . .

• Advantages and disadvantages of wind power include . . .

13.1 Why Is Energy Efficiency an Important Energy Resource? Improvements in ___________________________________________ could save at least a third of the energy used in the world and ____________________ of the energy used in the United States.We have a _________________________________________________________ for sharply increasing the energy efficiency of industrial operations, motor vehicles, appliances, and buildings.

We Use Energy InefficientlyEnergy efficiency

_____________________________________________________________________________________________Advantages of reducing energy waste

Usually the ___________________________________________ to provide more energyReduces ___________________________________________________________________Slows atmospheric __________________________________Increases __________________________________________________________________________________

We Use Energy Inefficiently (cont’d.)Daily activities that waste energy

Living/working in buildings with ______________________________________________________Commuting to work ________________________Driving vehicles that ______________________________________________________________

Three widely used devices that waste energy_____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

We Can Improve Energy Efficiency in Industry and UtilitiesCogeneration

Two forms of energy ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (CHP)

Replace __________________________________________________________________________________________.__________________________________ materials.Switch from low-efficiency incandescent lighting to _________________________________________ lighting.

Saving Energy and Money with a Smarter Electrical Grid Current electrical grid system—_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Ultra-high-_______________________________________________________________________________________ transmission lines___________________________ controlled_______________________________________________________________ in demand and supplyEasier to _______________________________________________________ energy

We Can Improve Energy Efficiency and Save Money in TransportationHidden prices in gasoline

Should be __________________________________Car manufacturers and oil companies __________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

Build or expand ______________________________________________________________________________.Encourage _________________________.

More Energy-Efficient Vehicles Are on the Way p421Superefficient and ___________________________________________Gasoline-electric _______________________________ car___________________________ hybrid electric vehicle________________________________________________________________ carElectric vehicle with a __________________________________________________ cell

Fuel cell: __________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________

We Can Design Buildings That Save Energy and Money p422_________________________ architectureLiving or _______________________________________

With specially designed _____________________________________________Superinsulation

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)

Green Architecture p422 • What factors do you think had to be taken into account when planning this rooftop garden?

• Where did you think the gardens were located when you first glanced at the photo?

• Why do you think the gardens consist of several different types of plants rather than just grass?

• What questions do you have about the care and maintenance of the gardens?

We Can Save Money and Energy in Existing Buildings p423Conduct an _____________________________________:

Insulate and plug leaksUse _______________________________________________________________ other heating and cooling _______________Heat houses more efficientlyUse energy-efficient appliancesUse energy-efficient lightingUse _________________________________________ to turn lights _______________________________

Saving Energy p.424 You can save energy (and __________________________) by taking steps to reduce heat and cooling loss in your home.

13.2 What Are Sources of Renewable Energy?Renewable energy

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Renewable energy will be cheaper if we eliminate:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Solar Energy as a Renewable Energy Resource ____________________________________ solar heating systems can heat water and buildings effectively._______________________________ of using direct sunlight to produce high-temperature heat and electricity ____________________________________________________.

We Can Heat Buildings and Water with Solar EnergyPassive solar heating system

____________________________________________________________________________________________________Active solar heating system

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Passive and Active Solar Heating Systems Passive and active solar heating systems are the

same in that they both . . . Advantages of passive solar heating over active

solar heating include . . . Advantages of active solar heating over passive

solar heating include . . . The best solar heating system for buildings in our part of the United States is probably

a(n) ____ one because . . .

We Can Cool Buildings NaturallyTechnologies available

________________________________________ when cooler outsideUse ______________________________________________________________ and high-efficiency _____________________________Overhangs or ______________________________________ on windows___________________________________-colored roof___________________________________ pumps

We Can Concentrate Sunlight to Produce High-Temperature Heat and ElectricitySolar thermal systems (____________________________________________________________________, CSP) p427

Collect sunlight to _______________________________________, produce __________________________ to generate ______________________________________Some systems use _________________________________________________ to track sun, _______________ ________________________ on central power tower______________________________________________ are small-scale use of CSPDisadvantages: _________________________________________________, use substantial ______________, can disrupt __________________________ ecosystems, need backup system on ___________________days

We Can Use Solar Cells to Produce Electricity p429Photovoltaic (PV) cells

____________________________________________________________________________________________________World’s _______________________________________________________

Design of solar cells_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ cells, ________________________________________ into wires.Arrays of cells make up panelsGreat potential in _______________________________________________________________________

Solar Energy: ChallengesKey problems

___________________________________ of producing electricityNeed to be located _____________________________________________ areas_________________________________________ used in productionSolar cells contain __________________________________ materials

Cost could drop with:_____________________________________________________________________________________Government _____________________________________________________ and tax breaks

Hydropower as a Renewable Energy Resource p433 We can use water flowing over ___________________________, ___________________________________, and ______________________________________________________ to generate electricity.

However, _______________________________________________ concerns and limited availability of ___________________________________________ may limit the use of these energy resources.

We Can Produce Electricity from Falling and Flowing Water Hydropower

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ form of solar energy____________________________________________________ renewable energy source used to produce electricity, ____________________________________________________________

Hydropower plant________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Micro-hydropower generators: ______________________________________________________

We Can Use Tides and Waves to Produce Electricity Produce electricity from flowing water

Ocean tides and waves in _____________________________________________________________________Power systems are limited

______________________ suitable sitesHigh ______________________________________________________________________________________________ by storms and corrosion

Wind Power as a Renewable Energy Resource p435 Wind power is the world’s _____________________________________________________________________________ after solar cells.When we include the environmental costs of using energy resources in their market prices, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Using Wind to Produce Electricity Is an Important Step Toward Sustainability______________________________________________________________ can extract more energy from the wind.___________________________________________________________________________________________________

United States, Europe, and China______________________________________________________________________ wind farms

Wind power has potential to _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Advantages and Disadvantages of Wind PowerAdvantages

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________Disadvantages

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Biomass as a Renewable Energy Resource p437 Biomass: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

Examples of biomass fuels: __________________________, wood wastes, __________________________ made from wood, agricultural ___________________________________________Used for __________________________________________________________________________________________Wood renewable only __________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________ in many less-developed countries

Biofuels from BiomassBiofuels: _________________________________________________________________________________________________ (corn, sugarcane, vegetable oils, plants/plant wastes)

Advantages over gasoline/diesel fuel:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Is Biodiesel the Answer? Biodiesel

Produced from ___________________________________________________European Union countries produce ________________________________________________________

Crops require large amounts ______________________________________________.________________________________________________________________________.

Is Ethanol the Answer? Ethanol

Can be made from _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ largest producer

Made from _____________________; ___________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ second

_____________________________________________________ has medium net energy Cellulosic ethanol

Produced from _________________________________________________

Is Ethanol the Answer? (cont’d.)Problems with cellulosic ethanol

________________________________________________________________ still being developedGrowing enough _________________________________________________________________________________

Evaluating use of ________________________________________________________________________

Promoting BioFuels made from Algae p437

When enough __________________________________ exists for the development of a product, technological ________________________________ can often be expedited, as has been the case with solar cell technology and programs for corn-based ethanol. Algae have an amazing potential as a source for producing biofuel. Algae can grow ______________________________________, and growing algae “crops” does not require ______________________________. A large amount of algae could be grown in a single room under grow lights. Algae also absorb _________________________________________ from the air, converting it into biofuel products. However, more research is needed to bring ______________________________________________ and improve the methods for ______________________________________ fuel from algae. Go to the Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy website at http://energy.gov/ and search for algal biofuels to learn more. Do you think the government is adequately committed to promoting this alternative biofuel? _________________________________________________________________________________________

Geothermal Energy as a Renewable Energy Resource p437 Geothermal energy: ____________________________________________________________________________________

has _____________________________________________ for supplying many areas with heat and electricity, and has a ________________________________________________________________________.However, the ______________where it can be produced economically ________________________.

We Can Get Energy by Tapping Earth’s Internal Heat ______________________________________________________________________

Energy efficient and reliableEnvironmentally _________________________________________________________________________________________________ a space

Hydrothermal reservoirs Drill wells and extract various __________________________, water_________________________________ is the world’s largest producer

Hot dry rock_____________________________________________________________________

Geothermal Energy: Challenges Geothermal energy problems

High cost of _____________________________ hydrothermal ____________________________________Scarcity of __________________________________________________________________________________ and some _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Hydrogen as a Renewable Energy Resource Hydrogen is a clean energy source as long as it _____________________________________________________.

However, it has a ______________________________________________________________________.

Hydrogen FuelHydrogen as a fuel

Eliminates most of the ________________________________________________ problemsReduces threats of _______________________________________________________

Some challenges____________________________________________________________________________________________________CO2 levels dependent on _______________________________________________________________________

Hydrogen Fuel (cont’d.)Production and storage of H2

Must be produced _____________________________________________________________________________net _________________________________ energy yield

13:2 Quick Check of Core Ideas and Skills Change these FALSE statements to make them true.

Renewable energy resources have not been more widely adopted because they are hard to find.

Wind energy can only be used in coastal areas.

An advantage of hydropower is that it provides a low net energy gain.

A disadvantage of biomass is that it is extremely expensive to grow.

13.3 How Can Society Transition to a More Sustainable Energy Future?We can make the transition to a more sustainable energy future by:

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Choosing Energy PathsGeneral conclusions:

Gradual shift to __________________________________________________________________________________Combination of increased _______________________________________________ and __________________ _____________________________________________ energyBecause ____________________________________________________________________________, we will likely continue to use them.

Decarbonization: _________________________________________________________________________

13:3 Quick Check of Core Ideas and Skills Change these FALSE statements to make them true.

One challenge in transitioning to sustainable energy is the lack of renewable energy technology.

One way for society to move toward sustainable energy is for people to wait for government subsidies.

http://energy.gov/