U.S. IMPERIALISMThe gaining of an empire

• IMPERIALIZE for 2 Reasons:

Once a nation industrializes they will then….

1. To gain Raw Materials2. New Market to sell their

manufactured goods.

WHY DID THE US CHANGE ITS ANTI-IMPERIALISM POLICIES?

• Late 1800s-early 1900s• MOTIVATING FACTORS: The US

needed markets to sell their good and ports to refuel their ships in the Pacific.

• European nations had been practicing imperialism in Africa and Asia. Because these nations were controlling many potential trading partners of the US, many pushed for the US to gain influence and trading rights abroad

"Well, I hardly know which to take first." Boston Globe, 1898.

Is Imperialism Right for the US?

Pro-Imperialism Point of View

Anti-Imperialism Point of View

The US needs colonies to compete economically

Supporting an empire would be a financial burden

To be a true world power, the US needs colonies and naval bases

The US should concentrate its energies to solve problems at home

It is the American destiny to expand, and its duty to care for poor, weak people

Nonwhite people cannot be assimilated into American society

To abandon territories makes the US appear cowardly before the world

An empire would involve the US in more wars

It is only honorable to keep land that Americans lost their lives to obtain.

It is a violation of democratic principles to annex land and not offer its people the same rights as those of US citizens.

The Spanish-American War opens imperialistic opportunities for the US

The Spanish American War

Causes: US wants to expand in Latin America and Pacific I n Cuba and Philippines, people rebelled against

Spanish rule. Demands f or involvement f rom American

expansionists and newspapers. Explosion sinks American battleship U.S.S.

Maine in Cuban harbor. Cause of explosion is unknown, but angry Americans blame Spain.

Eff ects US defeats Spain in less than

f our months Treaty of Paris of 1898 gave the

US control of many f ormer Spanish territories.

Spain recognizes Cuba’s independence, US begins to control Cuban politics and economy.

Puerto Rico, Philippines, and Guam become US territories.

US is recognized as a world power

The Growth of the American Empire 1898-1917

1898 Hawaii Annexation after 1893 revolution

1898 Puerto RicoGuamPhilippines

Gained from Spain after the war

1899 Samoa Treaty with Great Britain

1899 Wake Island Annexation

1903 Panama Canal Zone

Treaty Panama with after encouraging revolution against Columbia .

1917 The Virgin Islands Purchased from Denmark

• Areas of Influence in the Pacific and Asia:– Open Door Policy in

China– Annexation of Hawaii– Taking the Philippines– Guam, Midway and

SamoaAreas of Influence in

Latin America-Cuba-Panama-Venezuela

US Latin American PolicyMONROE DOCTRINE:• established in 1823• warned foreign powers to stay out of the

Western Hemisphere.• Used to support US annexation of Texas and the

Mexican American War ROOSEVELT COROLLARY• addition to the Monroe Doctrine• Made by President Teddy Roosevelt• 1904• Roosevelt said if a nation in the Western

Hemisphere was guilty of consistently behaving wrongly, the Monroe Doctrine required that the US step in and act “as an international police power.”

The “Big Stick” Policy• established by Teddy Roosevelt who said the US

should “Walk softly and carry a big stick” meaning the US would use peaceful methods to protect its interests whenever possible but could resort to military force.

• Used in Nicaragua, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic

US Latin American PolicyDollar Diplomacy• established by President Howard Taft• Encouraged the US to maintain orderly

societies in foreign nations by increasing American investment.

Moral Diplomacy• established by President Woodrow Wilson• moral diplomacy meant conducting foreign

affairs in terms of right and wrong—he would only support nations that represented American democratic ideas.

The Good Neighbor Policy• established by President Franklin D.

Roosevelt• This meant less emphasis on intervention

and more on cooperation• American economic dominance of the region

continued

Ja Japan

Philippines Hawaii Cuba

US gained influence in Cuba after the Spanish American War and passing the Platt Amendment in 1901.

US Annexed Hawaii in 1898

US gained influence in China through the Open Door Policy in 1899.

US helped the Philippines gain independence from Spain in 1902 then took them over despite objections from the Filipino people.

Commodore Matthew Perry Opened Trade with Japan in the 1854

Alaska was purchased from Russia 1867. Called “Seward’s Folly” but found to have tremendous natural resources.

TO SUM IT ALL UP! The US expanded its interaction with other nations as a result of the Industrial Revolution. The US was looking for new markets to sell manufactured goods. Connecting with foreign nations took many different approaches. The underlined word describes how the US intervened in these countries. 1854—US opened up trade with Japan with a trade agreement 1867—US Purchased Alaska 1898—US Annexed Hawaii 1899—US Encouraged China to agree to an Open Door Policy. 1901—US took political control of Cuba 1902—US took over Philippines

US IMPERIALISM