North America in North America in 17501750

North America in North America in 17501750

The French in North America• La Salle a French explorer comes to

N. America (Canada) to participate in fur trade.

• The French mainly settled in Canada, central N. America and along the Mississippi and St. Lawrence River.

• French were not interested in settling in the New World only wanted to trade (all male population)

• Unlike English had a great relationship with the Indians BC of trade. Indians bartered for manufactured goods like iron pots, steel knives and guns in exchange for beaver and deer skins.

• French also respected Native American culture and learned many of their languages.

• French men also married Ind. women

• Marquette and Joliet (French Explorers) travel down the Mississippi River. Soon after La Salle claimed Louisiana for France (New Orleans).

French and English

• By the 1750s French decide that they also want to claim land and settle in the New World

• Area that they like and want to settle is the Ohio Valley

• The Problem = English settlers want it too!

BritishBritish FrenchFrench

Fort Necessity Fort DuquesneFort Necessity Fort Duquesne ** George Washington George Washington ** Delaware & Delaware & ShawneeShawnee Indians Indians

The The Ohio ValleyOhio Valley

1754 1754 The First The First ClashClash

1754 1754 The First The First ClashClash

Ben Franklin Ben Franklin representatives representatives fromfrom New England, NY, MD, PA New England, NY, MD, PA

A Albany CongressAlbany Congress failed Iroquois failed Iroquois broke off relations with broke off relations with Britain & threatened to Britain & threatened to trade with the French. trade with the French.

1754 1754 Albany Plan Albany Plan of Unionof Union

1754 1754 Albany Plan Albany Plan of Unionof Union

Native American tribes Native American tribes fought for both sides!fought for both sides!

Lord Lord LoudouinLoudouin

Marquis Marquis de Montcalmde Montcalm

War Is Declared!War Is Declared!

1754 - 17631754 - 1763

War Is Declared!War Is Declared!

1754 - 17631754 - 1763

A He understood colonial concerns.He understood colonial concerns.

A He offered them a compromise:He offered them a compromise:

-- col. loyalty & mil. cooperation-- col. loyalty & mil. cooperation-->Br. >Br. would reimburse col. assemblies would reimburse col. assemblies forfor their costs. their costs. -- Lord Loudoun would be Lord Loudoun would be removed.removed.

RESULTS?RESULTS? Colonial morale Colonial morale increased by 1758. increased by 1758.

1757 1757 William Pitt William Pitt Becomes Foreign Becomes Foreign

MinisterMinister

1757 1757 William Pitt William Pitt Becomes Foreign Becomes Foreign

MinisterMinister

** By 1761, Sp. has become an ally of Fr.By 1761, Sp. has become an ally of Fr.

1758-1761 1758-1761 The Tide The Tide Turns for EnglandTurns for England

1758-1761 1758-1761 The Tide The Tide Turns for EnglandTurns for England

France --> France --> lost her Canadian lost her Canadian possessions, most of her empire in possessions, most of her empire in India, and claims India, and claims to lands east of the Mississippi to lands east of the Mississippi River.River.Spain -->Spain --> got all French lands west got all French lands west of the Mississippi River, New of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to Orleans, but lost Florida to England.England.England -->England --> got all French lands in got all French lands in Canada, exclusive rights to Canada, exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, and Caribbean slave trade, and commercial dominance commercial dominance in India.in India.

1763 1763 Treaty of Treaty of ParisParis

(treaty that ends the war)(treaty that ends the war)

1763 1763 Treaty of Treaty of ParisParis

(treaty that ends the war)(treaty that ends the war)

North America in North America in 17631763

North America in North America in 17631763

1.1. It united them against aIt united them against a common enemy for the first common enemy for the first time. time.

2.2. It created a socializing It created a socializing experience for all the experience for all the colonials who participated. colonials who participated.

3.3. It created bitter feelings It created bitter feelings

towards the British that towards the British that would only intensify. would only intensify.

Effects of the War on Effects of the War on the American the American

ColonialsColonials

Effects of the War on Effects of the War on the American the American

ColonialsColonials

17631763 PontiacPontiac’’s s RebellionRebellion

Fort DetroitFort Detroit

British British ““giftsgifts”” of smallpox- of smallpox-infected blankets from Fort Pitt.infected blankets from Fort Pitt.

The Aftermath: The Aftermath: Tensions Along the Tensions Along the

FrontierFrontier

The Aftermath: The Aftermath: Tensions Along the Tensions Along the

FrontierFrontier

PontiacPontiac’’s Rebellion s Rebellion (1763)(1763)

PontiacPontiac’’s Rebellion s Rebellion (1763)(1763)

British British ProclamationProclamation Line of 1763. Line of 1763.

Colonials Colonials Paxton Boys Paxton Boys (PA)(PA)

BACKLASH!BACKLASH!BACKLASH!BACKLASH!

Vocabulary • Barter – to trade goods without money

• Portage – transport of boats over land

• League of Iroquois – a powerful union of Indian Nations

• Balance of power – equal levels of strength among nations.

• Land speculator – person who buys land and sells it in order to make profit.

• Casualty – person wounded or killed

• Prime minister – head of government

Review

• Terms and People to Know

Casualty Balance of power Voyageurs Barter League of Iroquois Land speculator La Salle George Washington William Pitt Benjamin Franklin

• Things to Know Dates of war Who war was between Ohio Valley Waterways Difference bw English

and French in the new World

Treaty of Paris