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70 Cellular Structure and Function

Name Date

enzyme

cell wall

centriole

chloroplast

cilium

cytoplasm

cytoskeleton

endoplasmic reticulum

flagellum

Golgi apparatus

lysosome

mitochondrion

nucleolus

ribosome

vacuole

Cellular Structure and FunctionSection 3 Structures and Organelles

NewVocabulary

Main Idea Details

Skim Section 3 of the chapter. Write two questions that come to mind from reading the headings and the illustration captions.

1. Accept all reasonable responses.

2.

Use your book or dictionary to define enzyme.

protein that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

Write each term in the table under the heading that best describes it.

Compare and contrast each pair of terms by defining them and noting their differences.

ReviewVocabulary

Cell Structure (5)

Related to Genetic

Material (2)

Food, Storage, and

Waste (5)Energy (2)

cell wall nucleolus cytoplasm chloroplast

cilium ribosome endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrion

cytoskeleton Golgi apparatus

flagellum lysosome

centriole vacuole

Chloroplast Mitochondrionplant organelle that captures light energy and converts it to a stored form

in plants and animals, convertsstored energy to a form cells can use

Vacuole Centriolestorage compartment in a cell organelle that functions during

cell division

Cilium Flagellumshort, hairlike projection that aids in locomotion

long, hairlike projection that aids in locomotion

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Cellular Structure and Function 71

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Main Idea Details

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Section 3 Structures and Organelles (continued)

Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton

I found this information

on page .

SE, pp. 191–192RE, p. 75

Cell StructuresI found this information

on page .

SE, pp. 193–199RE, pp. 75–78

Compare the cytoplasm and cytoskeleton by defining each in the boxes.

Cytoplasm Cytoskeletonsemifluid material inside the organelles or plasma membrane in which cell processes take place directly

supporting network of long, thin protein fibers forming a framework for the cell and providing an anchor for organelles

Identify the part of the cell that corresponds to each function described.

nucleus directs cell processes; contains the cell’s DNA; stores information for cell growth, function, and reproduction

nuclear envelope double membrane that surrounds the nucleus

ribosome helps manufacture proteins

nucleolus produces ribosomes inside the nucleus

endoplasmic reticulum site of ribosome attachment; can be smooth or rough

Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport outside the cell

vacuole membrane-bound storage area within the cell

lysosome vesicle that contains substances that digest excess or worn-out organelles

centriole structure near the nucleus that functions during cell division

mitochondrion converts fuel particles (sugars) into useable energy

chloroplast captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy through photosynthesis

cell wall gives support to plant cells

cilia and flagella projections that allow the cell to move or to move substances along the surface of the cell

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72 Cellular Structure and Function

Name Date

Main Idea Details

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Section 3 Structures and Organelles (continued)

Comparing CellsI found this information

on page .

SE, p. 200RE, p. 79

OrganellesI found this information

on page .

SE, p. 199RE, p. 79

Compare and contrast the cell parts found in the following categories.

Plant Cells Animal Only Both Cells Only Plants and Animals

cell wall, chloroplast

cytoskeleton, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondrion, nucleus, plasma membrane, ribosome, vacuole, flagella

centriole, cilia, lysosome

Create and describe a unique model for the structure and function of the cell.

Accept all reasonable responses. Responses should mention specific cell parts and their role

in the metaphor.

CONNECT

Model a eukaryotic cell. Label the nucleus and five organelles.

Accept all reasonable models. Students should include and label the plasma membrane, nucleus, and other organelles, such as mitochondria or chloroplasts.

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