Labour, education and skills: Building a clever AustraliaBarry McGaw Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne Chair, Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting AuthorityNatstats 2010 Measuring what counts: Economic development, wellbeing and progress Sydney, 15 Sep 2010

Outline of presentationInternational indicators of educational performanceQualityEquityImproving Australian educational performanceContribution of reformContribution of indicatorsRole of the My School websiteMinimising risk of perverse impact of indicators

International indicators of educational performance

Quality of students achievements

Mean reading results (PISA 2000)Australia tied for 2nd with 8 others among 42 countries.OECD (2003), Literacy skills for the world of tomorrow: Further results from PISA 2000, Fig. 2.5, p.76.

Australias ranking in OECD/PISA ReadingReading ranksPISA 2000: 4th but tied for 2ndPISA 2003: 4th but tied for 2ndPISA 2006: 7th but tied for 6th

Trends in reading performanceAustraliaFinlandHong KongCanadaNew ZealandKoreaPoland

Trends in Australian reading performances95th %ileOECD (2007), PISA 2006: science competencies for tomorrows world, Vol. 1 - analysis, Fig. 6.21, p.319.5th %ile90th %ile10th %ile75th %ile25th %ileMean

Australias ranking in mathematics and science

Mathematics PISA 20006thamong 42 countries but tied for3rd PISA 200311thamong 40 countries but tied for5th PISA 200613thamong 57 countries but tied for9thScience PISA 20008thamong 42 countries but tied for3rd PISA 20036thamong 40 countries but tied for4th PISA 20068thamong 57 countries but tied for4th

Equity in students achievements

Social gradients for science (PISA 2006)OECD (2007) PISA 2006: science competencies for tomorrows world, Vol 1 analysis, Figure 4.6, p.184.High qualityLow equityHigh qualityHigh equityLow qualityLow equityLow qualityHigh equity

Chart1

526.8795885579

510.8371541347

510.3634836232

534.4697772924

512.8607460748

495.8943099672

563.3228338783

495.2198386381

515.6491300303

473.3779639079

503.9317287158

490.7937740719

508.3289300322

475.3972206022

531.3885087885

522.1481407545

486.3243626045

409.651951838

524.8615057278

530.3843607802

486.527957167

497.8065021466

474.305889181

488.433398223

488.4245224033

503.3340058419

511.5239097705

423.832745074

514.7735478396

488.9068367754

Social equity (OECD regression slope - country regression slope)

Science literacy

Australia

Austria

Belgium

Canada

Czech Republic

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

Ireland

Italy

Japan

Korea

Luxembourg

Mexico

Netherlands

New Zealand

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Slovak Republic

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Turkey

United Kingdom

United States

Science means

Mean performances in science in PISA 2006

OECD (2007) PISA 2006 Science competencies for tomorrow's world: Volume 1 - Analysis, Fig. 2.11b, pp.56-57.

Thomson, S. & De Bortoli, L. (2007) Exploring scientific literacy: How Australia measures up. ACER, Table 3.2, p.70.

International multiplier =2.00Australian multiplier =1.70

CountryLower bound1/2 error1/2 errorMeanS.E.S.E.adj1/2 errorLower boundUpper boundLower-Aust upperAust lower-upperACTWANSWSAQldVicTas

Finland559.34.04.0563.32.022.024.0559.3567.428-44

ACT541.97.17.1549.04.94.207.1541.9556.1

WA532.110.910.9543.06.86.4010.9532.1553.9-12

Hong Kong-China537.34.94.9542.22.472.474.9537.3547.26-24

NSW528.07.07.0535.04.64.107.0528.0542.0-0-10

Canada531.33.23.2534.52.031.603.2531.3537.70-15

Chinese Taipei525.37.17.1532.53.573.577.1525.3539.6-6-17

SA524.08.08.0532.04.94.708.0524.0540.02-8-12

Estonia526.35.05.0531.42.522.525.0526.3536.4-5-14

Japan524.66.76.7531.43.373.376.7524.6538.1-6-15

New Zealand525.05.45.4530.42.692.695.4525.0535.8-6-13

Australia522.94.04.0526.92.262.004.0522.9530.9-8-8

Netherlands519.45.55.5524.92.742.745.5519.4530.3-12-7

Liechtenstein514.08.28.2522.24.104.108.2514.0530.4-17-7

Korea515.46.76.7522.13.363.366.7515.4528.9-15-6

Queensland515.56.56.5522.04.23.806.5515.5528.5134-0-4

Slovenia516.62.22.2518.81.111.112.2516.6521.0-142

Germany509.06.66.6515.63.803.306.6509.0522.2-221

United Kingdom510.24.64.6514.82.292.294.6510.2519.4-214

Victoria505.08.08.0513.04.94.708.0505.0521.0211173-5

Czech Republic505.97.07.0512.93.483.487.0505.9519.8-253

Switzerland505.26.36.3511.53.163.166.3505.2517.8-265

Macao-China508.72.12.1510.81.061.062.1508.7513.0-2210

Austria503.07.87.8510.83.923.927.8503.0518.7-284

Belgium505.45.05.0510.42.482.485.0505.4515.3-258

Ireland502.06.46.4508.33.193.196.4502.0514.7-298

Tasmania499.57.57.5507.04.64.407.5499.5514.5271814101-9

Hungary498.65.45.4503.92.682.685.4498.6509.3-3214

Sweden498.64.74.7503.32.372.374.7498.6508.1-3215

Poland493.14.74.7497.82.342.344.7493.1502.5-3820

Denmark489.76.26.2495.93.113.116.2489.7502.1-4121

France488.56.76.7495.23.363.366.7488.5501.9-4221

Croatia488.34.94.9493.22.452.454.9488.3498.1-4325

Iceland487.53.33.3490.81.641.643.3487.5494.1-4329

Northern Territory480.89.29.2490.06.65.409.2480.8499.2433329251660

Latvia483.65.95.9489.52.972.975.9483.6495.5-4727

United States480.58.48.4488.94.224.228.4480.5497.4-5026

Slovak Republic483.35.25.2488.42.592.595.2483.3493.6-4829

Spain483.35.15.1488.42.572.575.1483.3493.6-4829

Lithuania482.45.55.5488.02.762.765.5482.4493.5-4829

Norway480.36.26.2486.53.113.116.2480.3492.8-5130

Luxembourg484.22.12.1486.31.051.052.1484.2488.4-4734

Russian Federation472.17.37.3479.53.673.677.3472.1486.8-5936

Italy471.44.04.0475.42.022.024.0471.4479.4-6043

Portugal468.36.06.0474.33.023.026.0468.3480.4-6343

Greece466.96.56.5473.43.233.236.5466.9479.8-6443

Israel446.57.47.4453.93.713.717.4446.5461.3-8462

Chile429.58.68.6438.24.324.328.6429.5446.8-10176

Serbia429.66.16.1435.63.043.046.1429.6441.7-10181

Bulgaria421.912.212.2434.16.116.1112.2421.9446.3-10977

Uruguay422.65.55.5428.12.752.755.5422.6433.6-10889

Turkey416.27.77.7423.83.843.847.7416.2431.5-11591

Jordan416.35.75.7422.02.842.845.7416.3427.7-11595

Thailand416.74.34.3421.02.142.144.3416.7425.3-11498

Romania410.08.48.4418.44.204.208.4410.0426.8-12196

Montenegro409.72.12.1411.81.061.062.1409.7413.9-121109

Mexico404.25.45.4409.72.712.715.4404.2415.1-127108

Indonesia382.011.511.5393.55.735.7311.5382.0404.9-149118

Argentina379.112.212.2391.26.086.0812.2379.1403.4-152119

Brazil384.85.65.6390.32.792.795.6384.8395.9-146127

Colombia381.36.76.7388.03.373.376.7381.3394.8-150128

Tunisia379.65.95.9385.52.962.965.9379.6391.4-151131

Azerbaijan376.85.55.5382.32.752.755.5376.8387.8-154135

Qatar347.61.71.7349.30.860.861.7347.6351.0-183172

Kyrgyzstan316.25.95.9322.02.932.935.9316.2327.9-215195

Science by levels

Distribution of performances in science in PISA 2006

OECD (2007), PISA 2006: science competencies for tomorrows world, Vol. 1 - analysis, Fig. 2.11a, p.49.

CountryLevel 3Level 4Level 5Level 6Level 2Level 1Below Level 1Filler

Finland29.1432.2516.963.95-13.61-3.56-0.53-82.30

Hong Kong-China28.6929.7113.852.07-16.93-7.02-1.73-74.32

Canada28.8527.6612.032.39-19.06-7.82-2.19-70.93

Chinese Taipei27.2927.8712.931.71-18.56-9.70-1.94-69.80

Estonia33.6926.1610.091.41-21.00-6.70-0.95-71.34

Japan27.4826.9812.432.62-18.46-8.85-3.18-69.51

New Zealand25.0823.9113.613.99-19.70-9.68-4.02-66.59

Australia27.7324.5811.772.84-20.22-9.82-3.03-66.92

Netherlands26.9425.8411.481.65-21.12-10.68-2.28-65.92

Liechtenstein28.6925.219.992.23-20.96-10.29-2.63-66.12

Korea31.7625.499.231.10-21.18-8.73-2.51-67.58

Slovenia27.5722.4910.742.17-23.14-11.06-2.82-62.97

Germany27.8723.579.991.83-21.36-11.31-4.07-63.26

United Kingdom25.9221.8110.862.89-21.79-11.92-4.81-61.48

Czech Republic27.7721.719.771.82-23.40-12.05-3.48-61.06

Switzerland28.1823.529.061.40-21.78-11.56-4.51-62.16

Macao-China35.6722.775.040.26-25.98-8.88-1.41-63.73

Austria28.2523.658.791.19-21.78-12.04-4.30-61.87

Belgium27.6524.469.130.95-20.77-12.21-4.83-62.19

Ireland29.7221.358.281.13-24.01-11.96-3.55-60.48

Hungary31.0920.966.240.64-26.03-12.35-2.69-58.93

Sweden29.4821.096.791.09-25.18-12.57-3.80-58.45

Poland29.4319.306.080.70-27.51-13.77-3.22-55.50

Denmark29.3219.516.080.71-25.96-14.09-4.34-55.62

France27.1620.867.200.81-22.80-14.55-6.63-56.03

Croatia31.0017.674.560.53-29.28-13.96-3.00-53.76

Iceland28.2518.985.600.73-25.88-14.74-5.83-53.56

Latvia32.9116.583.810.27-28.99-13.84-3.59-53.58

United States23.9918.307.551.55-24.24-16.83-7.55-51.38

Slovak Republic28.0917.905.210.57-28.03-15.02-5.18-51.77

Spain30.2217.894.550.34-27.36-14.91-4.74-53.00

Lithuania29.8117.474.540.44-27.40-16.00-4.34-52.26

Norway28.4717.105.470.61-27.28-15.21-5.85-51.65

Luxembourg28.5718.095.350.53-25.35-15.58-6.52-52.55

Russian Federation28.3415.073.670.51-30.20-16.96-5.24-47.59

Italy27.3915.134.200.41-27.61-18.00-7.26-47.13

Portugal28.8314.753.040.09-28.82-18.70-5.78-46.71

Greece29.4314.173.190.23-28.94-16.87-7.17-47.02

Israel20.8113.784.430.81-24.03-21.23-14.91-39.82

Chile20.108.401.780.12-29.87-26.65-13.07-30.41

Serbia21.836.570.790.02-32.26-26.64-11.89-29.21

Bulgaria18.8410.292.620.44-25.17-24.35-18.30-32.19

Uruguay19.736.901.320.12-29.78-25.41-16.74-28.07

Turkey15.066.180.900.02-31.28-33.68-12.88-22.16

Jordan18.725.580.610.02-30.75-28.17-16.16-24.92

Thailand16.294.000.400.00-33.24-33.49-12.58-20.69

Romania16.564.240.460.01-31.83-30.94-15.96-21.27

Montenegro14.883.610.280.00-31.00-32.96-17.27-18.77

Mexico14.833.200.280.00-30.75-32.78-18.17-18.30

Indonesia9.451.380.030.00-27.54-41.28-20.32-10.86

Argentina13.624.080.440.01-25.60-27.92-28.33-18.15

Brazil11.253.400.520.04-23.78-33.09-27.92-15.21

Colombia10.561.900.160.00-27.20-33.99-26.18-12.62

Tunisia10.221.940.110.00-24.97-35.09-27.66-12.28

Azerbaijan4.680.400.000.00-22.41-53.13-19.38-5.09

Qatar5.041.640.310.02-13.89-31.50-47.60-7.01

Kyrgyzstan2.890.710.020.00-10.04-28.18-58.16-3.62

Trend-reading

Trends in reading performance

OECD (2007) PISA 2006 Science competencies for tomorrow's world: Volume 1 - Analysis, Fig. 6.9, p.301.

PISA 2000PISA 2003PISA 2006PISA 2003-PISA 2000PISA 2006-PISA 2000PISA 2006-PISA 2003PISA 2000D+FPISA 2000I+EPISA 2003D+G

ACT552.0549.0535.0

Finland546.5543.5546.9-303546546543

NSW539.0530.0519.0

WA538.0546.0524.0

SA537.0532.0514.0

Canada534.3527.9527.0-6-7-1534534528

New Zealand528.8521.6521.0-7-8-1529529522

Australia528.3525.4512.9-3-15-13528528525

Ireland526.7515.5517.3-11-92527527515

Hong Kong-China525.5509.5536.1-161127525525510

Korea524.8534.1556.093122525525534

United Kingdom523.0495.1mmm

Japan522.2498.1498.0-24-24-0522522498

Queensland521.0517.0509.0

Sweden516.3514.3507.3-2-9-7516516514

Victoria516.0514.0504.0

Tasmania514.0508.0496.0

Belgium507.1507.0500.9-0-6-6507507507

Iceland506.9491.7484.4-15-22-7507507492

Norway505.3499.7484.3-6-21-15505505500

France504.7496.2487.7-9-17-8505505496

United States504.0495.2-9mm

Denmark496.9492.3494.5-5-22497497492

Switzerland494.4499.1499.3550494494499

Spain492.6480.5460.8-12-32-20493493481

Austria492.1490.7490.2-1-2-0492492491

Czech Republic491.6488.5482.7-3-9-6492492489

Northern Territory489.0496.0460.0

Italy487.5475.7468.5-12-19-7487487476

Germany484.0491.4494.97114484484491

Liechtenstein482.6525.1510.44228-15483483525

Hungary480.0481.9482.4221480480482

Poland479.1496.6507.6172911479479497

Greece473.8472.3459.7-2-14-13474474472

Portugal470.2477.6472.372-5470470478

Russian Federation461.8442.2439.9-20-22-2462462442

Latvia458.1490.6479.53221-11458458491

Israel452.2438.7m-14m452

Thailand430.7419.9416.8-11-14-3431431420

Bulgaria430.4401.9m-28m430

Romania427.9395.9m-32m428

Mexico422.0399.7410.5-22-1111422422400

Argentina418.3373.7m-45m418

Chile409.6442.1m33m410

Brazil396.0402.8392.97-3-10396396403

FYR Macedonia373.0

Indonesia370.6381.6392.9112211371371382

Albania349.0

Peru327.0

Luxembourg479.4479.4mm-0479

Netherlands513.1506.7mm-6513

Slovak Republic469.2466.3-3466469469

Turkey441.0447.16441

Macao-China497.6492.3mm-5498

Serbia411.7

Tunisia374.6380.3mm6375

Uruguay434.1412.5mm-22434

Trend-maths

Trends in mathematics performance

OECD (2007) PISA 2006 Science competencies for tomorrow's world: Volume 1 - Analysis, Fig. 6.21, p.319.

PISA 2003PISA 2006PISA 2006-PISA 2003

ACT548539

WA548531

SA535520

NSW526523

Queensland520519

Victoria511513

Tasmania507502

NT496481

Korea5425475

Poland4904955

Finland5445484

New Zealand523522-1

Hong Kong-China550547-3

Australia524520-4

Canada532527-5

Netherlands538531-7

Japan534523-11

Liechtenstein536525-11

Belgium529520-9

Macao-China527525-2

Switzerland5275303

Czech Republic516510-7

Iceland515506-10

Denmark514513-1

France511496-15

Sweden509502-7

Austria506505-0

Germany5035041

Ireland503501-1

Slovak Republic498492-6

Norway495490-5

Luxembourg493490-3

Hungary4904911

Spain485480-5

Latvia4834863

United States483474-9

Russian Federation4684767

Portugal4664660

Italy466462-4

Greece44545914

Turkey4234241

Uruguay4224275

Thailand4174170

Mexico38540620

Indonesia36039131

Tunisia3593657

Brazil35637013

United Kingdom495m

Science social gradient

Social gradient for science

OECD (2007), PISA 2006: science competencies for tomorrows world, Vol. 1 - analysis, Figure 4.6, p.184.

OECD slope - country slopeScience meanRegression slope

-3.2527Australia43

-6.3511Austria46

-7.9510Belgium48

6.6534Canada33

-11.1513Czech Republic51

0.8496Denmark39

8.6563Finland31

-13.9495France54

-6.7516Germany46

3.3473Greece37

-4.3504Hungary44

11.3491Iceland29

0.6508Ireland39

9.0475Italy31

1.0531Japan39

8.2522Korea32

-1.2486Luxembourg41

14.6410Mexico25

-3.9525Netherlands44

-12.3530New Zealand52

4.0487Norway36

0.3498Poland39

11.5474Portugal28

-5.1488Slovak Republic45

8.3488Spain31

1.5503Sweden38

-4.5512Switzerland44

8.9424Turkey31

-8.7515United Kingdom48

-9.4489United States49

500OECD average40

Reading var decomp

Between and within-school variation in PISA 2000 reading

OECD, UNESCO (2003) Literacy skills for tomorrow's world: further results from PISA 2000, Table 7.1a, p.357

Actual variationActual variation betweenProportions variation between

Bet expl by student SESBet expl by school SESBet not explWithinBet expl by student SESBet expl by school SESBet not explTotal betweenBet expl by student SESBet expl by school SESBet not explTotal betweenBetween expl by both student and schoolTotal variation% of total variation within

Belgium-11.0-33.2-31.850.9-11.0-33.2-31.8-76.014%44%42%100%-44.2-25.140%

Germany-11.7-39.8-23.350.2-11.7-39.8-23.3-74.816%53%31%100%-51.5-24.640%

Hungary-8.3-41.1-21.834.8-8.3-41.1-21.8-71.212%58%31%100%-49.4-36.433%

Austria-10.4-32.2-26.045.7-10.4-32.2-26.0-68.615%47%38%100%-42.6-22.940%

Poland-6.3-36.1-24.638.9-6.3-36.1-24.6-67.09%54%37%100%-42.4-28.137%

Argentina-12.2-29.8-24.463.3-12.2-29.8-24.4-66.418%45%37%100%-42.0-3.149%

Bulgaria-9.4-38.3-18.453.1-9.4-38.3-18.4-66.114%58%28%100%-47.7-13.045%

Peru-8.9-32.2-23.446.6-8.9-32.2-23.4-64.514%50%36%100%-41.1-17.942%

Israel-9.8-21.4-24.674.3-9.8-21.4-24.6-55.818%38%44%100%-31.218.557%

Chile-10.0-21.5-24.042.3-10.0-21.5-24.0-55.518%39%43%100%-31.5-13.243%

Greece-7.0-18.0-28.852.9-7.0-18.0-28.8-53.813%33%54%100%-25.0-0.950%

Czech Republic-8.8-25.6-17.545.3-8.8-25.6-17.5-51.917%49%34%100%-34.4-6.647%

Italy-3.4-20.4-27.143.4-3.4-20.4-27.1-50.97%40%53%100%-23.8-7.546%

Switzerland-12.7-11.6-24.463.7-12.7-11.6-24.4-48.726%24%50%100%-24.315.057%

Albania-7.5-18.8-17.563.3-7.5-18.8-17.5-43.817%43%40%100%-26.319.559%

Mexico-5.2-20.5-17.237.4-5.2-20.5-17.2-42.912%48%40%100%-25.7-5.547%

FYR Macedonia-8.7-18.5-15.652.6-8.7-18.5-15.6-42.820%43%36%100%-27.29.855%

Portugal-10.6-13.2-13.764.3-10.6-13.2-13.7-37.528%35%37%100%-23.826.863%

Hong Kong-China-3.6-7.9-25.139.3-3.6-7.9-25.1-36.610%22%69%100%-11.52.752%

Japan0.043.9-36.50.07.455%

Brazil-6.5-13.2-16.147.1-6.5-13.2-16.1-35.818%37%45%100%-19.711.357%

Latvia-4.9-11.8-18.477.5-4.9-11.8-18.4-35.114%34%52%100%-16.742.469%

United States-12.0-13.5-9.683.6-12.0-13.5-9.6-35.134%38%27%100%-25.548.570%

Russian Federation-4.8-10.6-18.257.1-4.8-10.6-18.2-33.614%32%54%100%-15.423.563%

Luxembourg-11.1-15.6-6.774.9-11.1-15.6-6.7-33.433%47%20%100%-26.741.569%

United Kingdom-9.6-6.4-6.482.3-9.6-6.4-6.4-22.443%29%29%100%-16.059.979%

Indonesia-2.5-7.0-12.629.7-2.5-7.0-12.6-22.111%32%57%100%-9.57.657%

Australia-8.3-5.9-6.790.6-8.3-5.9-6.7-20.940%28%32%100%-14.269.781%

New Zealand-7.3-4.3-8.5103.9-7.3-4.3-8.5-20.136%21%42%100%-11.683.884%

Thailand-1.5-7.1-11.244.2-1.5-7.1-11.2-19.88%36%57%100%-8.624.469%

Korea-1.0-6.1-12.633.0-1.0-6.1-12.6-19.75%31%64%100%-7.113.363%

Denmark-10.2-1.4-8.085.9-10.2-1.4-8.0-19.652%7%41%100%-11.666.381%

Canada-4.6-3.2-9.380.1-4.6-3.2-9.3-17.127%19%54%100%-7.863.082%

Ireland-5.5-4.6-7.079.2-5.5-4.6-7.0-17.132%27%41%100%-10.162.182%

Spain-5.4-3.7-6.860.9-5.4-3.7-6.8-15.934%23%43%100%-9.145.079%

Norway-3.7-1.2-7.7102.4-3.7-1.2-7.7-12.629%10%61%100%-4.989.889%

Finland-1.5-0.2-9.076.5-1.5-0.2-9.0-10.714%2%84%100%-1.765.888%

Sweden-4.5-1.3-3.183.0-4.5-1.3-3.1-8.951%15%35%100%-5.874.190%

Iceland-1.6-0.1-5.385.0-1.6-0.1-5.3-7.023%1%76%100%-1.778.092%

France

Liechtenstein

SES-science correlations (PISA 2006)

Chart1

526.8795885579

510.8371541347

510.3634836232

534.4697772924

512.8607460748

495.8943099672

563.3228338783

495.2198386381

515.6491300303

473.3779639079

503.9317287158

490.7937740719

508.3289300322

475.3972206022

531.3885087885

522.1481407545

486.3243626045

409.651951838

524.8615057278

530.3843607802

486.527957167

497.8065021466

474.305889181

488.433398223

488.4245224033

503.3340058419

511.5239097705

423.832745074

514.7735478396

488.9068367754

Social equity (% variation accounted for: OECD-country)

Science literacy

Australia

Austria

Belgium

Canada

Czech Republic

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

Ireland

Italy

Japan

Korea

Luxembourg

Mexico

Netherlands

New Zealand

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Slovak Republic

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Turkey

United Kingdom

United States

Science means

Mean performances in science in PISA 2006

OECD (2007) PISA 2006 Science competencies for tomorrow's world: Volume 1 - Analysis, Fig. 2.11b, pp.56-57.

Thomson, S. & De Bortoli, L. (2007) Exploring scientific literacy: How Australia measures up. ACER, Table 3.2, p.70.

International multiplier =2.00Australian multiplier =1.70

CountryLower bound1/2 error1/2 errorMeanS.E.S.E.adj1/2 errorLower boundUpper boundLower-Aust upperAust lower-upperACTWANSWSAQldVicTas

Finland559.34.04.0563.32.022.024.0559.3567.428-44

ACT541.97.17.1549.04.94.207.1541.9556.1

WA532.110.910.9543.06.86.4010.9532.1553.9-12

Hong Kong-China537.34.94.9542.22.472.474.9537.3547.26-24

NSW528.07.07.0535.04.64.107.0528.0542.0-0-10

Canada531.33.23.2534.52.031.603.2531.3537.70-15

Chinese Taipei525.37.17.1532.53.573.577.1525.3539.6-6-17

SA524.08.08.0532.04.94.708.0524.0540.02-8-12

Estonia526.35.05.0531.42.522.525.0526.3536.4-5-14

Japan524.66.76.7531.43.373.376.7524.6538.1-6-15

New Zealand525.05.45.4530.42.692.695.4525.0535.8-6-13

Australia522.94.04.0526.92.262.004.0522.9530.9-8-8

Netherlands519.45.55.5524.92.742.745.5519.4530.3-12-7

Liechtenstein514.08.28.2522.24.104.108.2514.0530.4-17-7

Korea515.46.76.7522.13.363.366.7515.4528.9-15-6

Queensland515.56.56.5522.04.23.806.5515.5528.5134-0-4

Slovenia516.62.22.2518.81.111.112.2516.6521.0-142

Germany509.06.66.6515.63.803.306.6509.0522.2-221

United Kingdom510.24.64.6514.82.292.294.6510.2519.4-214

Victoria505.08.08.0513.04.94.708.0505.0521.0211173-5

Czech Republic505.97.07.0512.93.483.487.0505.9519.8-253

Switzerland505.26.36.3511.53.163.166.3505.2517.8-265

Macao-China508.72.12.1510.81.061.062.1508.7513.0-2210

Austria503.07.87.8510.83.923.927.8503.0518.7-284

Belgium505.45.05.0510.42.482.485.0505.4515.3-258

Ireland502.06.46.4508.33.193.196.4502.0514.7-298

Tasmania499.57.57.5507.04.64.407.5499.5514.5271814101-9

Hungary498.65.45.4503.92.682.685.4498.6509.3-3214

Sweden498.64.74.7503.32.372.374.7498.6508.1-3215

Poland493.14.74.7497.82.342.344.7493.1502.5-3820

Denmark489.76.26.2495.93.113.116.2489.7502.1-4121

France488.56.76.7495.23.363.366.7488.5501.9-4221

Croatia488.34.94.9493.22.452.454.9488.3498.1-4325

Iceland487.53.33.3490.81.641.643.3487.5494.1-4329

Northern Territory480.89.29.2490.06.65.409.2480.8499.2433329251660

Latvia483.65.95.9489.52.972.975.9483.6495.5-4727

United States480.58.48.4488.94.224.228.4480.5497.4-5026

Slovak Republic483.35.25.2488.42.592.595.2483.3493.6-4829

Spain483.35.15.1488.42.572.575.1483.3493.6-4829

Lithuania482.45.55.5488.02.762.765.5482.4493.5-4829

Norway480.36.26.2486.53.113.116.2480.3492.8-5130

Luxembourg484.22.12.1486.31.051.052.1484.2488.4-4734

Russian Federation472.17.37.3479.53.673.677.3472.1486.8-5936

Italy471.44.04.0475.42.022.024.0471.4479.4-6043

Portugal468.36.06.0474.33.023.026.0468.3480.4-6343

Greece466.96.56.5473.43.233.236.5466.9479.8-6443

Israel446.57.47.4453.93.713.717.4446.5461.3-8462

Chile429.58.68.6438.24.324.328.6429.5446.8-10176

Serbia429.66.16.1435.63.043.046.1429.6441.7-10181

Bulgaria421.912.212.2434.16.116.1112.2421.9446.3-10977

Uruguay422.65.55.5428.12.752.755.5422.6433.6-10889

Turkey416.27.77.7423.83.843.847.7416.2431.5-11591

Jordan416.35.75.7422.02.842.845.7416.3427.7-11595

Thailand416.74.34.3421.02.142.144.3416.7425.3-11498

Romania410.08.48.4418.44.204.208.4410.0426.8-12196

Montenegro409.72.12.1411.81.061.062.1409.7413.9-121109

Mexico404.25.45.4409.72.712.715.4404.2415.1-127108

Indonesia382.011.511.5393.55.735.7311.5382.0404.9-149118

Argentina379.112.212.2391.26.086.0812.2379.1403.4-152119

Brazil384.85.65.6390.32.792.795.6384.8395.9-146127

Colombia381.36.76.7388.03.373.376.7381.3394.8-150128

Tunisia379.65.95.9385.52.962.965.9379.6391.4-151131

Azerbaijan376.85.55.5382.32.752.755.5376.8387.8-154135

Qatar347.61.71.7349.30.860.861.7347.6351.0-183172

Kyrgyzstan316.25.95.9322.02.932.935.9316.2327.9-215195

Science by levels

Distribution of performances in science in PISA 2006

OECD (2007), PISA 2006: science competencies for tomorrows world, Vol. 1 - analysis, Fig. 2.11a, p.49.

CountryLevel 3Level 4Level 5Level 6Level 2Level 1Below Level 1Filler

Finland29.1432.2516.963.95-13.61-3.56-0.53-82.30

Hong Kong-China28.6929.7113.852.07-16.93-7.02-1.73-74.32

Canada28.8527.6612.032.39-19.06-7.82-2.19-70.93

Chinese Taipei27.2927.8712.931.71-18.56-9.70-1.94-69.80

Estonia33.6926.1610.091.41-21.00-6.70-0.95-71.34

Japan27.4826.9812.432.62-18.46-8.85-3.18-69.51

New Zealand25.0823.9113.613.99-19.70-9.68-4.02-66.59

Australia27.7324.5811.772.84-20.22-9.82-3.03-66.92

Netherlands26.9425.8411.481.65-21.12-10.68-2.28-65.92

Liechtenstein28.6925.219.992.23-20.96-10.29-2.63-66.12

Korea31.7625.499.231.10-21.18-8.73-2.51-67.58

Slovenia27.5722.4910.742.17-23.14-11.06-2.82-62.97

Germany27.8723.579.991.83-21.36-11.31-4.07-63.26

United Kingdom25.9221.8110.862.89-21.79-11.92-4.81-61.48

Czech Republic27.7721.719.771.82-23.40-12.05-3.48-61.06

Switzerland28.1823.529.061.40-21.78-11.56-4.51-62.16

Macao-China35.6722.775.040.26-25.98-8.88-1.41-63.73

Austria28.2523.658.791.19-21.78-12.04-4.30-61.87

Belgium27.6524.469.130.95-20.77-12.21-4.83-62.19

Ireland29.7221.358.281.13-24.01-11.96-3.55-60.48

Hungary31.0920.966.240.64-26.03-12.35-2.69-58.93

Sweden29.4821.096.791.09-25.18-12.57-3.80-58.45

Poland29.4319.306.080.70-27.51-13.77-3.22-55.50

Denmark29.3219.516.080.71-25.96-14.09-4.34-55.62

France27.1620.867.200.81-22.80-14.55-6.63-56.03

Croatia31.0017.674.560.53-29.28-13.96-3.00-53.76

Iceland28.2518.985.600.73-25.88-14.74-5.83-53.56

Latvia32.9116.583.810.27-28.99-13.84-3.59-53.58

United States23.9918.307.551.55-24.24-16.83-7.55-51.38

Slovak Republic28.0917.905.210.57-28.03-15.02-5.18-51.77

Spain30.2217.894.550.34-27.36-14.91-4.74-53.00

Lithuania29.8117.474.540.44-27.40-16.00-4.34-52.26

Norway28.4717.105.470.61-27.28-15.21-5.85-51.65

Luxembourg28.5718.095.350.53-25.35-15.58-6.52-52.55

Russian Federation28.3415.073.670.51-30.20-16.96-5.24-47.59

Italy27.3915.134.200.41-27.61-18.00-7.26-47.13

Portugal28.8314.753.040.09-28.82-18.70-5.78-46.71

Greece29.4314.173.190.23-28.94-16.87-7.17-47.02

Israel20.8113.784.430.81-24.03-21.23-14.91-39.82

Chile20.108.401.780.12-29.87-26.65-13.07-30.41

Serbia21.836.570.790.02-32.26-26.64-11.89-29.21

Bulgaria18.8410.292.620.44-25.17-24.35-18.30-32.19

Uruguay19.736.901.320.12-29.78-25.41-16.74-28.07

Turkey15.066.180.900.02-31.28-33.68-12.88-22.16

Jordan18.725.580.610.02-30.75-28.17-16.16-24.92

Thailand16.294.000.400.00-33.24-33.49-12.58-20.69

Romania16.564.240.460.01-31.83-30.94-15.96-21.27

Montenegro14.883.610.280.00-31.00-32.96-17.27-18.77

Mexico14.833.200.280.00-30.75-32.78-18.17-18.30

Indonesia9.451.380.030.00-27.54-41.28-20.32-10.86

Argentina13.624.080.440.01-25.60-27.92-28.33-18.15

Brazil11.253.400.520.04-23.78-33.09-27.92-15.21

Colombia10.561.900.160.00-27.20-33.99-26.18-12.62

Tunisia10.221.940.110.00-24.97-35.09-27.66-12.28

Azerbaijan4.680.400.000.00-22.41-53.13-19.38-5.09

Qatar5.041.640.310.02-13.89-31.50-47.60-7.01

Kyrgyzstan2.890.710.020.00-10.04-28.18-58.16-3.62

Trend-reading

Trends in reading performance

OECD (2007) PISA 2006 Science competencies for tomorrow's world: Volume 1 - Analysis, Fig. 6.9, p.301.

PISA 2000PISA 2003PISA 2006PISA 2003-PISA 2000PISA 2006-PISA 2000PISA 2006-PISA 2003PISA 2000D+FPISA 2000I+EPISA 2003D+G

ACT552.0549.0535.0

Finland546.5543.5546.9-303546546543

NSW539.0530.0519.0

WA538.0546.0524.0

SA537.0532.0514.0

Canada534.3527.9527.0-6-7-1534534528

New Zealand528.8521.6521.0-7-8-1529529522

Australia528.3525.4512.9-3-15-13528528525

Ireland526.7515.5517.3-11-92527527515

Hong Kong-China525.5509.5536.1-161127525525510

Korea524.8534.1556.093122525525534

United Kingdom523.0495.1mmm

Japan522.2498.1498.0-24-24-0522522498

Queensland521.0517.0509.0

Sweden516.3514.3507.3-2-9-7516516514

Victoria516.0514.0504.0

Tasmania514.0508.0496.0

Belgium507.1507.0500.9-0-6-6507507507

Iceland506.9491.7484.4-15-22-7507507492

Norway505.3499.7484.3-6-21-15505505500

France504.7496.2487.7-9-17-8505505496

United States504.0495.2-9mm

Denmark496.9492.3494.5-5-22497497492

Switzerland494.4499.1499.3550494494499

Spain492.6480.5460.8-12-32-20493493481

Austria492.1490.7490.2-1-2-0492492491

Czech Republic491.6488.5482.7-3-9-6492492489

Northern Territory489.0496.0460.0

Italy487.5475.7468.5-12-19-7487487476

Germany484.0491.4494.97114484484491

Liechtenstein482.6525.1510.44228-15483483525

Hungary480.0481.9482.4221480480482

Poland479.1496.6507.6172911479479497

Greece473.8472.3459.7-2-14-13474474472

Portugal470.2477.6472.372-5470470478

Russian Federation461.8442.2439.9-20-22-2462462442

Latvia458.1490.6479.53221-11458458491

Israel452.2438.7m-14m452

Thailand430.7419.9416.8-11-14-3431431420

Bulgaria430.4401.9m-28m430

Romania427.9395.9m-32m428

Mexico422.0399.7410.5-22-1111422422400

Argentina418.3373.7m-45m418

Chile409.6442.1m33m410

Brazil396.0402.8392.97-3-10396396403

FYR Macedonia373.0

Indonesia370.6381.6392.9112211371371382

Albania349.0

Peru327.0

Luxembourg479.4479.4mm-0479

Netherlands513.1506.7mm-6513

Slovak Republic469.2466.3-3466469469

Turkey441.0447.16441

Macao-China497.6492.3mm-5498

Serbia411.7

Tunisia374.6380.3mm6375

Uruguay434.1412.5mm-22434

Trend-maths

Trends in mathematics performance

OECD (2007) PISA 2006 Science competencies for tomorrow's world: Volume 1 - Analysis, Fig. 6.21, p.319.

PISA 2003PISA 2006PISA 2006-PISA 2003

ACT548539

WA548531

SA535520

NSW526523

Queensland520519

Victoria511513

Tasmania507502

NT496481

Korea5425475

Poland4904955

Finland5445484

New Zealand523522-1

Hong Kong-China550547-3

Australia524520-4

Canada532527-5

Netherlands538531-7

Japan534523-11

Liechtenstein536525-11

Belgium529520-9

Macao-China527525-2

Switzerland5275303

Czech Republic516510-7

Iceland515506-10

Denmark514513-1

France511496-15

Sweden509502-7

Austria506505-0

Germany5035041

Ireland503501-1

Slovak Republic498492-6

Norway495490-5

Luxembourg493490-3

Hungary4904911

Spain485480-5

Latvia4834863

United States483474-9

Russian Federation4684767

Portugal4664660

Italy466462-4

Greece44545914

Turkey4234241

Uruguay4224275

Thailand4174170

Mexico38540620

Indonesia36039131

Tunisia3593657

Brazil35637013

United Kingdom495m

Science soc grad graph

526.8795885579

510.8371541347

510.3634836232

534.4697772924

512.8607460748

495.8943099672

563.3228338783

495.2198386381

515.6491300303

473.3779639079

503.9317287158

490.7937740719

508.3289300322

475.3972206022

531.3885087885

522.1481407545

486.3243626045

409.651951838

524.8615057278

530.3843607802

486.527957167

497.8065021466

474.305889181

488.433398223

488.4245224033

503.3340058419

511.5239097705

423.832745074

514.7735478396

488.9068367754

Social equity (OECD regression slope - country regression slope

Science literacy

Australia

Austria

Belgium

Canada

Czech Republic

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

Ireland

Italy

Japan

Korea

Luxembourg

Mexico

Netherlands

New Zealand

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Slovak Republic

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Turkey

United Kingdom

United States

Science social gradient

Social gradient for science

OECD (2007), PISA 2006: science competencies for tomorrows world, Vol. 1 - analysis, Figure 4.6, p.184.

OECD slope - country slopeScience meanRegression slope

-3.2527Australia43

-6.3511Austria46

-7.9510Belgium48

6.6534Canada33

-11.1513Czech Republic51

0.8496Denmark39

8.6563Finland31

-13.9495France54

-6.7516Germany46

3.3473Greece37

-4.3504Hungary44

11.3491Iceland29

0.6508Ireland39

9.0475Italy31

1.0531Japan39

8.2522Korea32

-1.2486Luxembourg41

14.6410Mexico25

-3.9525Netherlands44

-12.3530New Zealand52

4.0487Norway36

0.3498Poland39

11.5474Portugal28

-5.1488Slovak Republic45

8.3488Spain31

1.5503Sweden38

-4.5512Switzerland44

8.9424Turkey31

-8.7515United Kingdom48

-9.4489United States49

500OECD average40

Science correlation

Correlation with social background for science

OECD (2007), PISA 2006: science competencies for tomorrows world, Vol. 1 - analysis, Figure 4.6, p.184.

Variance accounted for: OECD - country figureScience meanCountryVariance accounted for

3.1527Australia11.31

-1.0511Austria15.42

-5.0510Belgium19.43

6.2534Canada8.24

-1.1513Czech Republic15.65

0.3496Denmark14.16

6.1563Finland8.37

-6.7495France21.28

-4.5516Germany19.09

-0.5473Greece15.010

-7.0504Hungary21.411

7.7491Iceland6.712

1.7508Ireland12.713

4.4475Italy10.014

7.0531Japan7.415

6.3522Korea8.116

-7.3486Luxembourg21.717

-2.4410Mexico16.818

-2.3525Netherlands16.719

-2.0530New Zealand16.420

6.1487Norway8.321

-0.1498Poland14.522

-2.2474Portugal16.623

-4.8488Slovak Republic19.224

0.5488Spain13.925

3.9503Sweden10.626

-1.3512Switzerland15.727

-2.1424Turkey16.528

0.5515United Kingdom13.929

-3.5489United States17.930

14.4

Science var decomp

Between and within-school variation in PISA 2006 science

OECD, UNESCO (2003) Literacy skills for tomorrow's world: further results from PISA 2000, Table 7.1a, p.357

Actual variationActual variation betweenProportions variation between

Bet expl by student SESBet expl by school SESBet not explWithinBet expl by student SESBet expl by school SESBet not explTotal betweenBet expl by student SESBet expl by school SESBet not explTotal betweenBetween expl by both student and schoolTotal variation% of total variation within

Bulgaria-16.4-31.1-22.159.4-16.4-31.1-22.1-69.624%45%32%100%-47.5-10.246%

Germany-11.6-37.8-16.850.8-11.6-37.8-16.8-66.218%57%25%100%-49.4-15.443%

Slovenia-6.2-39.9-18.642.8-6.2-39.9-18.6-64.810%62%29%100%-46.2-22.040%

Czech Republic-12.7-30.8-18.955.9-12.7-30.8-18.9-62.420%49%30%100%-43.5-6.447%

Austria-7.9-32.3-20.550.7-7.9-32.3-20.5-60.713%53%34%100%-40.1-9.946%

Hungary-9.4-38.2-13.038.5-9.4-38.2-13.0-60.515%63%21%100%-47.5-22.039%

Netherlands-6.8-34.3-18.540.0-6.8-34.3-18.5-59.611%57%31%100%-41.1-19.640%

Belgium-11.7-29.0-16.353.0-11.7-29.0-16.3-57.021%51%29%100%-40.7-4.148%

Argentina-12.2-19.2-21.858.4-12.2-19.2-21.8-53.223%36%41%100%-31.45.152%

Chile-14.2-24.6-14.252.2-14.2-24.6-14.2-53.027%46%27%100%-38.8-0.850%

Japan-2.9-26.1-24.059.4-2.9-26.1-24.0-53.06%49%45%100%-29.06.453%

Italy-4.8-22.8-25.051.8-4.8-22.8-25.0-52.69%43%48%100%-27.6-0.850%

Greece-11.3-17.8-19.455.1-11.3-17.8-19.4-48.523%37%40%100%-29.16.653%

Qatar41.9-47.3-5.447%

Chinese Taipei-6.0-20.4-19.451.7-6.0-20.4-19.4-45.813%45%42%100%-26.45.953%

Israel-9.9-10.1-24.396.1-9.9-10.1-24.3-44.422%23%55%100%-20.051.768%

Brazil-8.2-15.9-17.346.6-8.2-15.9-17.3-41.420%39%42%100%-24.15.253%

Slovak Republic-11.7-11.7-17.655.6-11.7-11.7-17.6-40.929%29%43%100%-23.314.758%

Turkey-5.9-18.4-16.435.8-5.9-18.4-16.4-40.815%45%40%100%-24.3-4.947%

Uruguay-11.8-12.1-15.757.7-11.8-12.1-15.7-39.630%31%40%100%-23.918.259%

Switzerland-8.0-9.0-20.566.7-8.0-9.0-20.5-37.521%24%55%100%-17.029.264%

Romania-6.8-13.0-15.737.7-6.8-13.0-15.7-35.519%37%44%100%-19.82.252%

Serbia-6.6-16.3-11.448.7-6.6-16.3-11.4-34.319%47%33%100%-22.914.459%

Hong Kong-China-3.6-10.0-20.558.3-3.6-10.0-20.5-34.110%29%60%100%-13.624.263%

Croatia-6.0-14.4-13.450.0-6.0-14.4-13.4-33.818%43%40%100%-20.416.160%

Tunisia-3.0-9.6-19.743.9-3.0-9.6-19.7-32.39%30%61%100%-12.611.658%

Korea-3.8-13.1-15.059.3-3.8-13.1-15.0-31.812%41%47%100%-16.927.565%

Kyrgyzstan-3.0-14.4-13.348.3-3.0-14.4-13.3-30.710%47%43%100%-17.417.661%

Luxembourg-12.4-14.9-3.272.7-12.4-14.9-3.2-30.541%49%10%100%-27.342.270%

United States-12.7-6.2-10.294.0-12.7-6.2-10.2-29.144%21%35%100%-18.964.976%

Portugal-8.8-5.9-13.158.5-8.8-5.9-13.1-27.832%21%47%100%-14.730.768%

Thailand-7.7-10.3-7.643.6-7.7-10.3-7.6-25.630%40%30%100%-18.018.063%

Mexico-4.2-9.1-12.238.2-4.2-9.1-12.2-25.516%36%48%100%-13.312.660%

Lithuania-9.0-6.0-10.565.4-9.0-6.0-10.5-25.535%23%41%100%-15.039.972%

Colombia-7.5-6.5-11.157.0-7.5-6.5-11.1-25.230%26%44%100%-14.131.869%

Russian Federation-4.6-3.6-15.966.9-4.6-3.6-15.9-24.119%15%66%100%-8.242.873%

United Kingdom-8.6-6.1-8.897.8-8.6-6.1-8.8-23.537%26%37%100%-14.874.281%

Montenegro-3.5-8.5-8.150.8-3.5-8.5-8.1-20.217%42%40%100%-12.030.672%

New Zealand-10.6-4.2-5.1106.0-10.6-4.2-5.1-20.053%21%26%100%-14.986.184%

Australia-7.8-4.8-7.391.1-7.8-4.8-7.3-19.839%24%37%100%-12.571.382%

Jordan-5.1-2.7-11.967.5-5.1-2.7-11.9-19.726%13%61%100%-7.847.877%

Indonesia-0.7-7.3-11.425.4-0.7-7.3-11.4-19.43%38%59%100%-8.05.957%

Macao-China-1.0-1.2-17.055.0-1.0-1.2-17.0-19.25%6%89%100%-2.235.874%

Azerbaijan-1.4-1.1-15.518.1-1.4-1.1-15.5-17.98%6%86%100%-2.50.150%

Canada-4.3-2.8-10.979.3-4.3-2.8-10.9-17.924%16%61%100%-7.161.382%

Ireland-7.4-3.9-5.582.6-7.4-3.9-5.5-16.944%23%33%100%-11.465.883%

Estonia-3.8-2.6-9.561.5-3.8-2.6-9.5-16.024%16%60%100%-6.545.579%

Denmark-6.0-2.1-6.682.0-6.0-2.1-6.6-14.841%14%45%100%-8.267.285%

Latvia-4.3-2.4-7.864.2-4.3-2.4-7.8-14.530%17%54%100%-6.749.782%

Spain-5.0-1.2-6.474.2-5.0-1.2-6.4-12.739%10%51%100%-6.261.685%

Poland-5.5-0.4-6.378.9-5.5-0.4-6.3-12.245%3%52%100%-5.866.787%

Sweden-4.4-1.7-5.585.8-4.4-1.7-5.5-11.538%15%47%100%-6.174.388%

Norway-2.8-0.9-6.188.8-2.8-0.9-6.1-9.928%9%62%100%-3.779.090%

Iceland-0.1-0.1-9.195.4-0.1-0.1-9.1-9.31%1%97%100%-0.286.191%

Finland-1.2-0.1-3.476.7-1.2-0.1-3.4-4.725%2%73%100%-1.372.094%

France0.0

Liechtenstein

Variation in reading performance (PISA 2000)Variation of performance between schoolsVariation of performance within schoolsOECD, UNESCO (2003), Literacy skills for tomorrows world: further results from PISA 2000, Table 7.1a, p.357.

Chart1

50.9-76

50.2-74.8

34.8-71.2

45.7-68.6

38.9-67

52.9-53.8

45.3-51.9

43.4-50.9

63.7-48.7

37.4-42.9

64.3-37.5

83.6-35.1

74.9-33.4

82.3-22.4

90.6-20.9

103.9-20.1

33-19.7

85.9-19.6

80.1-17.1

79.2-17.1

60.9-15.9

102.4-12.6

76.5-10.7

83-8.9

85-7

Within

Between variance

Sheet1

WithinBetween variance

Belgium50.9-76

Germany50.2-74.8

Hungary34.8-71.2

Austria45.7-68.6

Poland38.9-67

Argentina63.3-66.4

Bulgaria53.1-66.1

Peru46.6-64.5

Israel74.3-55.8

Chile42.3-55.5

Greece52.9-53.8

Czech Republic45.3-51.9

Italy43.4-50.9

Switzerland63.7-48.7

Albania63.3-43.8

Mexico37.4-42.9

FYR Macedonia52.6-42.8

Portugal64.3-37.5

Hong Kong-China39.3-36.6

Japan43.9-36.5

Brazil47.1-35.8

Latvia77.5-35.1

United States83.6-35.1

Russian Federation57.1-33.6

Luxembourg74.9-33.4

United Kingdom82.3-22.4

Indonesia29.7-22.1

Australia90.6-20.9

New Zealand103.9-20.1

Thailand44.2-19.8

Korea33-19.7

Denmark85.9-19.6

Canada80.1-17.1

Ireland79.2-17.1

Spain60.9-15.9

Norway102.4-12.6

Finland76.5-10.7

Sweden83-8.9

Iceland85-7

Variation in reading performance (PISA 2000)Variation explained by social background of studentsVariation of performance within schoolsOECD, UNESCO (2003), Literacy skills for tomorrows world: further results from PISA 2000, Table 7.1a, p.357.Variation not explained by social background of students68%32%

Chart1

-44.2-31.850.9

-51.5-23.350.2

-49.4-21.834.8

-42.6-2645.7

-42.4-24.638.9

-25-28.852.9

-34.4-17.545.3

-23.8-27.143.4

-24.3-24.463.7

-25.7-17.237.4

-23.8-13.764.3

-25.5-9.683.6

-26.7-6.774.9

-16-6.482.3

-14.2-6.790.6

-11.6-8.5103.9

-7.1-12.633

-11.6-885.9

-7.8-9.380.1

-10.1-779.2

-9.1-6.860.9

-4.9-7.7102.4

-1.7-976.5

-5.8-3.183

-1.7-5.385

Bet expl by student SES

Bet not expl

Within

Sheet1

Bet expl by student SESBet not explWithin

Belgium-44.2-31.850.9

Germany-51.5-23.350.2

Hungary-49.4-21.834.8

Austria-42.6-2645.7

Poland-42.4-24.638.9

Argentina63.3-66.4

Bulgaria53.1-66.1

Peru46.6-64.5

Israel74.3-55.8

Chile42.3-55.5

Greece-25-28.852.9

Czech Republic-34.4-17.545.3

Italy-23.8-27.143.4

Switzerland-24.3-24.463.7

Albania63.3-43.8

Mexico-25.7-17.237.4

FYR Macedonia52.6-42.8

Portugal-23.8-13.764.3

Hong Kong-China39.3-36.6

Japan43.9-36.5

Brazil47.1-35.8

Latvia77.5-35.1

United States-25.5-9.683.6

Russian Federation57.1-33.6

Luxembourg-26.7-6.774.9

United Kingdom-16-6.482.3

Indonesia29.7-22.1

Australia-14.2-6.790.6

New Zealand-11.6-8.5103.9

Thailand44.2-19.8

Korea-7.1-12.633

Denmark-11.6-885.9

Canada-7.8-9.380.1

Ireland-10.1-779.2

Spain-9.1-6.860.9

Norway-4.9-7.7102.4

Finland-1.7-976.5

Sweden-5.8-3.183

Iceland-1.7-5.385

The storyline so farMessages from international indicatorsQuality is high in Australian schoolsEquity is relatively low & schools contribute to this

Improving Australias educational performance.

Improving Australias educational performanceContribution of reformNational curriculumTeacher and school developmentContribution of indicatorsNational Assessment Program (NAP)Sample-based surveysScienceICT LiteracyCivics and citizenshipFull-cohort assessmentsLiteracy and Numeracy (NAPLAN)My School website

Primary school with disadvantaged students

My School 2010 school result (format being considered)

My School 2010 comparisons (format being considered)

Comparison with other disadvantaged schools

There is a very clever and clear display being proposed for 2010 in place of the one in the previous slide.

Focusing on distribution not particular cut points

The storyline so farMessages from international indicatorsQuality is high in Australian schoolsEquity is relatively low & schools contribute to thisImproving Australian educationCurriculum reformDefining clear learning entitlementsSetting high expectations for allTeacher developmentUse of fair comparisons among schoolsLearning from others doing better in similar circumstances

Minimising the risk of perverse impact of indicators.

Minimising risk of perverse consequencesEnsuring appropriateness of NAPLAN testsPreparing students for testsEnsuring familiarity is all that practice can addLiteracy and numeracy are developed in full curriculumBroadening the literacy and numeracy testsTest a broader range of content and skillsHave different students take different testsCurriculum provides public declaration of students full learning entitlementsEnsuring appropriateness of like-school comparisonsSocio-educational advantage without ecological fallacyTaking account of special sub-populations in schools

The full storylineMessages from international indicatorsQuality is high in Australian schoolsEquity is relatively low & schools contribute to thisImproving Australian educationCurriculum reformDefining clear learning entitlementsSetting high expectations for allTeacher developmentUse of fair comparisons among schoolsLearning from others doing better in similar circumstancesBalancing benefits and risks of indicators

barry.mcgaw@mcgawgroup.org www.acara.edu.au

.