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Rapid Transit

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Historic

Rapid transit began with the opening in 1863 ofthe Mtropolitan Railway, which now is part of theLondon Underground.

However, the smoke caused discomfort for

passengers in operating steam trains throughtunnels and limited the appeal of this mode oftransport.

In 1890 it was turned

into na electric system.Solving the problem

with smoke

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Historic

By 1940, there were 19 systems, and by

1984, there were 66

More recently the growth of new systems

has been concentrated in Southeast Asia

and Latin America.

Recently, European cities are developing

more Tram system and light rail, rather

than subway system.

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Europe

Budapest inaugurated the first electrifiedunderground line on the continent, the M1, in1896.

The first line of the Paris Metro opened in 1900.Its full name was the Chemin de FerMtropolitain

Although not built as a metro system, the

Ferrovia Cumana, opened in 1889, and runningin tunnels under the city of

Naples, today forms part of

Napoli's subway system.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_1_%28Budapest_Metro%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_1_%28Budapest_Metro%29

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Sovietic Subways

The first underground in the USSR opened

in 1935 in Moscow.

The Moscow metro is one with the most

elaborated decoration undergrounds of the

world, with its stations (especially built in

the Joseph Stalin epoch) often being

called underground palaces. As othersovietic subway systems.

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In the Americas

Boston has the oldest subway tunnel in

the United States that is still in use, dating

from 1897

The New York City Subway, which has

become one of the world's largest, did not

open its first section until 1904.

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In the Americas

The oldest subway in the Southern

Hemisphere, "Subterrneos de Buenos

Aires", opened in 1913 in Buenos Aires,

Argentina

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Other places

Asia's first cities to have subway lines

were Tokyo in 1927 and Osaka in 1933

Tokyo is considered the busiest in the

world.

Cairo in 1987 was the first African city,

Recently Algiers....

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Subways in Brazil

The first subway system on the countrywas built in So Paulo, begining in 1968,and then started working in 1974.

The third largest in Latin America, behindthe Mexico City Metro and the SantiagoMetro.

It is considered one of the cleanest of theworld, but still very small for the size of thecity. As it is used by 4 million people aday!!!

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Subways in Brazil

The Rio de Janeiro system was finished in

1979.

There are smaller systems in other cities

as Brasilia, Belo Horizonte, Porto Alegre,

Recife and Teresina.

Building in Salvador and Fortaleza.

One of the countries with more cities with

subways systems in American Continent.

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Network types

Circle-system Circle-radial-system Secant-system Intermeshed-system

X-system Diameter line Air-bladder-system Cross-system

Moscow, Tokyo,

Seoul, Shanghai,

Madrid

Kiev, Prague, So

Paulo, Munich,

Kuala Lumpur

Rome,

Philadelphia,

Kyoto, Sapporo

Lille, Rotterdam,

Cairo, NurembergHelsinki, Lima, Warsaw,

YekaterinburgSan Francisco, Brussels,

Rio de Janeiro, Porto

London, Paris,

New York, Berlin,

Osaka

Glasgow

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Variations

Underground tunnels: move traffic away fromstreet level, leaving more land available for

buildings and other uses. Types: Cut-and-cover

tecnique or the tunnel-boring machine. Street level railways: outside dense areas

Elevated railways: cheaper / but visualpollution.

People movers / Monorails

Light metro