Requests for communication performance from connected ... · ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2010 – Beyond the Internet? Innovations for future networks and services. 8. As a result of effort

Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2010 Beyond the Internet? - Innovations for

future networks and services

Tadao SaitoProfessor Emeritus, the University of Tokyo

CTO, Toyota Info-Technology Center

[email protected]

Requests for communication performance from connected vehicle of the future

Pune, India, 13 – 15 Dec 2010: ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2010 – Beyond the Internet? Innovations for future networks and services 2

Market Back Ground for Future Communication

Global telecommunication market is apparently saturated after rapid expansion of recent 20 years

Global penetration of communication equipmentCost reduction of hardware. Saturation of demand in traditional human use.

New market replacing Human to Human communication is needed to realize further growth.

Creation of Machine to Machine communication market having a size equivalent to human communication market.

Vehicle communication have been studied in recent 15 yearsHome networking is also a candidate for M2M communication. Recently Smart Grid attract interest as new market for machine to

machine communication


Saturation of IT Market

Communication Computers

Terminals1950

108 105

1970109 107

1990109 109

personalize2010

1011

ubiquitous2030


contents

Changes in IT environmentsCommunication Services for vehiclesMarket Growth through M2M communication


contents



Traditional technology developments

Communication technology has been developed starting from human communication in early stage. A lot of efforts are paid for improvement of performance and cost reduction.Multimedia applications for human marketBroadband communication wirless and wirelineExtension of range without repeater.Mobility management of human speed.Security to keep networkRecent requests for low carbon systems

Pune, India, 13 – 15 Dec 2010: ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2010 – Beyond the Internet? Innovations for future networks and services 7VNC-Oct-2009

N-ISDN

PHS

1.2k

2.4k

9.6k

32k

１.5M

2M

10M

100M

Transmission

speed

video

TV conference

G3FAX

PC communication

Voice

Short message

home office city suburban rural

Service area

Wireless LAN

CATV

B-ISDN

FPLMTS

(3rd Generation)

Digital cellular

Analogue cellular

Mobile satellite

pager

64ｋ

A book titled Radio multimedia of year 2000 published May 1995 in Japanese

Proposal of combination of multiple radios in 1994 in Japanese government report which is the source of contribution for B3G in 2002.


As a result of effort a lot of communication systems having different performance ware developedDifferent systems have been developed mainly from seeds driven ideas. Users are requested to cope with coexistence of different systems.Use of combinations of different systems are responsibility of users.Cognitive adaptation of user terminal is needed for smooth use of multiple systems, however this technology is far from reality.

Pune, India, 13 – 15 Dec 2010: ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2010 – Beyond the Internet? Innovations for future networks and services 9VNC-Oct-2009

1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

F IG U R E 2

I llu s tr a t io n o f c a p a b i lit ie s o f I M T - 2 0 0 0 a n d s y st e m s b e y o n d I M T -2 0 0 0

E n h an c e m e n t

D e n o te s in te rc o n n e c t io n b e tw e e n s y s te m s v ia n e tw o r k s , w h ic h a llo w s fle x ib le u s e in a n y e n v ir o n m e n t w ith o u t m a k in g u s e r s a w a re o f c o n s titu e n t s y s te m s

N o m a d ic / lo c a l a r e a a cc e ss s y s te m s

D ig i ta l b ro a d c a s t sy s te m s

P ea k u se fu l d a ta ra te (M b i t/s )

D a sh e d lin e in d ic a te sth a t th e e x a c t d a tara te s a ss o c ia te d w iths y s te m s b e y o n d I M T -2 0 0 0a re n o t y e t d e te rm in e d

N e w c a p a b i lit ie so f sy s te m s b e y o n dIM T -2 0 0 0

S y ste m s b e y o n d IM T -2 0 0 0 w i ll e n c o m p a s sth e c a p a b i lit ie s o f p re v io u s s y s te m s

M o b ili ty

H ig h

L o w

N e wm o b ilea c c e ss

N e w n o m a d ic / lo c a la r e a w ir e le ss a c c e ss

E n h a n c e dI M T -2 0 0 0

I M T -2 0 0 0

D a rk s h a d in g in d ic a te s e x i s t in g c a p a b i lit ie s , m e d iu m sh a d in g in d ic a te s e n h a n c e m e n ts to IM T -2 0 0 0 , a n d th e lig h te r s h a d in g in d ic a te s n e w c a p a b il it ie s o f sy s te m s b e y o n d I M T -2 0 0 0 .

T h e d e g re e o f m o b ili ty a s u s e d in th i s F ig u r e is d e s c r ib e d a s fo l lo w s: lo w m o b il ity c o v e r s p e d e s t ria n s p e e d , a n d h ig h m o b ili ty c o v e rs h ig h s p e e d o n h ig h w a y s o r fa s t t ra in s (6 0 k m /h to ~ 2 5 0 k m /h , o r m o re ).

T e m p 8 /1 1 0 -0 21 5 9 0 3 3

ITUーR vandiagram（２００２）


TRANSMISSION RATE (bps)

1M 10M 100M

4G

100k 1G

MOBILITY

High speed

stationary）

3.5G3G 802.16e

WiMAX

802.11n802.15.3 （UWB）

WiFi

802.20

DSRC

802.16-2004802.11b

802.11a/g

802.11p

2G、2.5G、3G、3,5G、4G： 802.○□：IEEE

VAN diagram

10k

2G（PDC ）

2.5G

4GLTE

WiMax2


Packet-basedcore networkPacket-basedcore network

Service AService A Service BService B

Service aggregator

Service aggregator

DSRCDSRC

Digital Broadcast Digital

Broadcast B3G Cellular

B3G Cellular

4G Cellular

4G Cellular

Wired Broadband

Wired Broadband

WLANWLAN

Ad-hoc Short Range

Communication

Ad-hoc Short Range

Communication

IMS

Current IMS based services are not suited for vehicular communicationbecause separate systems do not have adequate coordination.


contents



Advances in recent 10 years in ICT application for automobile

Traditionally ICT improved many aspects of vehicles including emission reduction and stability control.

In recent 10 years, contribution of ICT in vehicle technology expanded fast.

Vehicle Stability ControlRadar Cruise Control (ACC)Back MonitorTire Pressure MonitorOn Demand InformationShift Control based on Map

Autonomous→Networked Interests for Communication,

V2I and V2V


Communication based services for safe smooth convenient operation

1970’s Signal control1980’s Major improvements build in electronics for vehicle1990’s DSRC for Infrastructure-Vehicle communication

Traffic Data

Toll Collection

Congestion Charge

2000’s Transport TelematicsRemote Vehicle Support system

Map updatingMusic distributioneCall, e911

2005’s Vehicle Safety Systems Collision avoidance


ITS Vehicle services

Traffic managementprobing, dynamic fee management, emission management

Public transport managementtransit vehicle tracking, multimodal coordination

Traveler informationpersonal route guidance, provider based route guidance,dynamic rideshare

Vehicle safetyintersection safety warning, intersection collision avoidance, automated highway

Commercial vehicle operationfleet administration, freight administration, electronic clearance, weigh-in- motion

Emergency management stolen vehicle tracking, stolen vehicle control, emergency response, mayday support

ITS America, 1996


Two classes of vehicle communication

ITS( Intelligent Transport System)Vehicle services using short range communication

probing, fee collection, intersection safety warning

Tansport TelematicsVehicle services using cell phone service

emergency management stolen vehicle responsesremote vehicle supportpersonal route guidance


ITS

ITS Architecture （ITS America1996)

Fixed point to fixed point Communications

Roadway

Toll Collection

Parking Management

Commercial Vehicle Check

Vehicle

TransitVehicle

CommercialVehicle

Emergency Vehicle

Ded

icat

ed S

hort

Ran

ge

Com

mun

icat

ions

Veh

icle

to V

ehic

le C

omm

unic

atio

n s

Wide Area Wireless (Mobile)Communications

Remote Traveler Support

Personal Information Access

Travelers Centers

Vehicles

Field

Traffic Management

Archived Data Management

Maintenance & Construction Management

Commercial Vehicle

Administration

Toll Administration

Emergency Management

Fleet & Freight

Management

Transit Management

Emissions Management

Information Service Provider

Security Monitoring

Maintenance &Construction Vehicle


Travelers Centers

Wide Area Wireless Communications

Fixed Point to Point Communications

Vehicle Field

Vehi

cle

to V

ehic

le C

omm

unic

atio

ns

DSR

C


Communication services for Vehicles

When ITS study started in 1996, public wireless service was still premature.Dedicated short range communication system are proposed for ITS Communication.In latter half of 1990‘s, cell phone services became ubiquitous and quickly saturated in personal service market. Transport Telematics was expected to cultivate new market for Cell Phone Carriers.In 1990’s business model of cell phone for Machine to Machine communication was still premature and performance was also

inadequate for some of ITS applications.


Cell Phone for Vehicle Communication

Business model to charge for car telecom module as the second personal cell phone did not work in 90’s.In 2000’s transport telematics is a auto- manufacturer based MVNO service and efforts are paid to promote providing useful services for automobile users. Although performance of Cell Phone does not satisfy the requirement for ITS, appropriate design to satisfy requirement should be possible if new market is possible in future. In 2000’s performance of LTE and 4G cell phone is expected to have performance for many vehicle applications.


10k

100k

1M

10M

100M

1G

95 00 05 10

PDC 9.6k

IMT IMT advanced

WCDMA

384k

14M

HSPA LTE release 8

LTE 200M

4G

伝送速度


Round trip time and speed of B3G


Travelers Centers



Vehicle Field

Vehi

cle

to V

ehic

le C

omm

unic

atio

ns

Ｕｂｉｑｕｉｔｏｕｓ

Wireless Communications

Ｕｂｉｑｕｉｔｏｕｓ

Wireless Communications

Pede

stria

n


Cell Phone standards can be unified after the history

日(1979)MOVA

欧(1981)NMT

US(1982)AMPS

US(1989)Dyna

TAC

日(1993)PDC

欧(1993)GSM

US(1990)Digital AMPS

cdma

One(IS54)

(1995)

cdma2000(IS95)

WCDMA(2000)

LTE

→

4G

(2010)

1975 1985 1995 2005 2015

analogue digital CDMA OFDM

TD-SCDMA（中国）


Prediction of LTE （Japan）

0

20000000

40000000

60000000

80000000

100000000

120000000

140000000

160000000

180000000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

契約

数

TD-SCDMAWiMAXWCDMAPDCOthersLTEHSPA/HSPA+GSMCDMA2000

LTE

HSPA

CDMA2000

WCDMA


Prediction of LTE （US）

0

50000000

100000000

150000000

200000000

250000000

300000000

350000000

400000000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

契約

数

TD-SCDMAWiMAXWCDMAPDCOthersLTEHSPA/HSPA+GSMCDMA2000

LTE

HSPA

CDMA2000

GSM


contents



Traditional technology developments

Communication system for human useBroadband communication wireless and wirelineMultimedia applications for human marketExtension of range without repeater.Mobility management of human speed.Security to keep networkCost reduction by expansion of marketRecent requests for low carbon systems


Broad Range of Requirements for Machine to Machine Communication

Latency for Setup0.1msec ～

10msec ～

1sec ～

100secDistance of Communication

0.01m ～

1m ～

100m ～

10km ～

1000kmData Speed

1b/s ～

100b/s ～

10kb/s ～

1Mb/s ～

100Mb/sCoverage

point, surrounding, linear, plane(operator, national ,global)Addressing

location, person, vehicle, machine, situationError rate

10-9, 10-7, 10-5, 10-3, 10-1

Technology life5 years, 10 years, 20years, 100years


100sec

1sec

10msec

0.1msec

1m 100m 10km 1000km

VehicleNetworks

Current NetworksInternetPOTS

latency

distance

An Example of Performance Requirement for Vehicle Service


Communication performance requirement for intersection safety warning

Latency for Setup 10msec Distance of Communication 1m ～

100m

Data Speed 100b/s ～

10kb/s

Coverage surroundingAddressing location

Error rate 10-5 ～

10-3

Life of technology roadside 50 yearsvehicle 20 years


Communication performance requirement for

intersection collision avoidance

Latency for Setup 10msecDistance of Communication 1m ～

100m

Data Speed 100b/s ～

10kb/s

Coverage surrounding, linearAddressing locationError rate 10-9 ～

10-5



Communication performance requirement for

mayday support

Latency for Setup 1sec ～

100sec

Distance of Communication 10km ～

1000km

Data Speed 10kb/s ～

1Mb/s

Coverage plane (global :cross border)Addressing vehicle, machineError rate 10-5 ～

10-3



Requirements for Cellular Network

Business model of Cellular network to support small data traffic is needed.Keeping track many terminals having low traffic is needed.Possible number of vehicles to be served by cellular network is also be a problem. Major issue for DSRC is difficulty in investment just for vehicle, especially in low traffic density area.Common use of infrastructure for ITS and telematics will be a solution.To keep the cost low for safety application is to be studied including new protocol common with another M2M services.Study of common requirements for M2M communication is a challenge for new telecommunication market.

Documents

Requests for communication performance from connected ... · ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2010 – Beyond the Internet? Innovations for future networks and services. 8. As a result of effort