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Respiration & Breathing

Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

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Page 1: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration & Breathing

Page 2: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration

What is respiration?

It is the release of energy from food

substances in living cells.

Page 3: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

respirationSugar is oxidised to release energy, carbon

dioxide and water are formed.Equation: sugar + oxygen energy + carbon dioxide + water

(i) sugar comes from food(ii) oxygen comes from air(iii) carbon dioxide is excreted thru’ lungs(iv) energy is used for life processes or lost

as heat (keeps body warm).

Page 4: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Breathing system

To move air in and out of lungs for gaseous exchange.

Gaseous exchange

Diffusion of oxygen from lungs into blood.

Movement of carbon dioxide from blood into lungs.

Page 5: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration- Wee SC

Page 6: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Breathing System - Nasal Passage

nasal cavity

voice box

windpipe

epiglottis

Page 7: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Path taken by air to lungs.

1 Air passes through nasal passages, wind pipes and alveoli.

2 Wind pipes are kept open by cartilage rings.

3 Gaseous exchange takes place in alveoli.

Page 8: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Air Sacs - Alveoli

Page 9: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration- Wee SC

The Rib cage

How air enters and leaves the lungs

Breathing

1 Chest expands to inhale

2 Chest contracts to exhale

Is breathing voluntary?

Page 10: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Inhalation

Page 11: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Exhalation

Page 12: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

The Rib Cage The Bell jar

Compare and Contrast

Page 13: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Composition of air in the lungs

Gas Percentage ininhaled air

Percentage inexhaled air

Oxygen 21% 16%

Carbon dioxide 0.04% 4%

Nitrogen 79% 79%

Water vapour a little a lot

Page 14: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration- Wee SC

Experiment to show that exhaled air contains

Carbon Dioxide

Page 15: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration- Wee SC

Indicator used to test for presence of Carbon Dioxide

calcium hydroxide (lime water)

Page 16: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

To test for presence of Carbon dioxide in Expired air

Page 17: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration- Wee SC

Gaseous exchange in alveoli

Page 18: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Pulmonary Circulation

Page 19: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiratory System

Page 20: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Air Sacs

Page 21: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration- Wee SC

Gaseous Exchange

Page 22: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiratory System

Return

Page 23: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration- Wee SC

Exercise- Breathing Hard

Page 24: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration- Wee SC

Recovery period

Page 25: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration- Wee SC

What is energy needed for?

• Animals - for movement, sending messagesthrough nerves, transport of food, keeping warm.

• Plants - for taking up minerals from soil, openingand closing of stomata, and transport of food.

• All organisms - for growth, cell division, andmoving molecules against a concentration gradient

Energy

Page 26: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration- Wee SC

Respiration in animal and plant

Page 27: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Gills of fish Fish breathe with gills.

Gills are feather-like structures with a rich supply of blood vessels.

Gills are found under the gill covers of fish.

Gillcover

Page 28: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Water entersthe mouth of the fish …

How a fish breathes in …How a fish breathes in …

Page 29: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Water entersthe mouth of the fish …

… and flows over the gills.

Oxygen passes through the walls of the blood vessels and into the blood.

How a fish breathes in …How a fish breathes in …

Gills

Page 30: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Carbon dioxide passesthrough the wallsof the blood vesselsand dissolves in the water.

How a fish breathes out …How a fish breathes out …

Page 31: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Water with dissolved carbon dioxide flows out from under the gill cover.

Carbon dioxide passesthrough the wallsof the blood vesselsand dissolves in the water.

How a fish breathes out …How a fish breathes out …

Page 32: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

… through special nostrils called blowholes on top of their heads.

Dolphins and whales breathe …

blowhole

blowhole

Page 33: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

How do different animals breathe? Lungs eg. Man, whale, seal, bat, snake, dog, cow Moist skin eg. Frogs, toads, salamander, earthworm Gills eg. Fish, tadpole, mudskipper Breathing tube eg. Wriggler, water stick insect Breathing holes eg. Ant, dragonfly

Page 34: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

My Pals are Here! Science 4B © 2003 Times Media Private Limited

Respiratory System in Plants

underside of a leafstoma

• Plants exchange gases with their surroundings through the stoma.

You are reminded that under the Copyright Act, it is an offence to reproduce or copy any part of this presentation without permission from Times Media Private Limited.

Page 35: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

At nightAt night

oxygen

carbon dioxide

During respiration

oxygencarbon dioxide

During photosynthesis

oxygen

carbon dioxide

During respiration

In the dayIn the day

You are reminded that under the Copyright Act, it is an offence to reproduce or copy any part of this presentation without permission from Times Media Private Limited.My Pals are Here! Science 4B My Pals are Here! Science 4B © 2003 Times Media Private Limited© 2003 Times Media Private Limited

Page 36: Respiration & Breathing Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells

Respiration- Wee SC

Which is faster?What does it depend on?

Respiration and Photosynthesis